CN207514920U - A kind of high-efficiency low-pollution rural garbage disposal plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device: comprising a garbage crushing machine, a garbage drying device, a garbage pyrolysis device, and a burner; the garbage crushing machine is connected to the garbage inlet of the garbage drying device through a garbage transport pipeline The garbage output pipe of the garbage drying device is connected to the garbage pyrolysis inlet of the garbage pyrolysis device; the fuel output pipe of the garbage pyrolysis device is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner, and the flue gas pipe of the burner is connected to the flue gas inlet of the garbage pyrolysis device; The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis device is connected to the high-temperature flue gas inlet of the garbage drying device through the flue gas return pipeline. This device aims at the efficient and low-pollution pyrolysis of garbage and the clean utilization of energy, changing the original garbage treatment method; garbage pyrolysis is carried out under low or no oxygen conditions, which reduces the generation of heavy metal oxides, thereby reducing formation and emission of toxic organic substances.

Description

A high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device

technical field

The utility model relates to garbage disposal, in particular to a high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device.

Background technique

Disposal of domestic and production waste of rural residents has always been a difficult problem, and the direct incineration treatment method will even aggravate the smog situation in the north. Municipal solid waste treatment technologies mainly include landfill, composting, and heat treatment technologies. The treatment of rural garbage is still in the backward stage of scattered disposal or incineration. Some garbage is discarded on the roadside and directly exposed to the air, resulting in a messy environment; some garbage is incinerated, billowing black smoke and polluting the atmosphere.

At present, the commonly used waste heat treatment technologies include direct incineration and pyrolysis gasification. Direct incineration is a solid-state heterogeneous combustion, which has problems such as insufficient combustion and uneven temperature distribution, and its efficiency is low. Garbage pyrolysis refers to the conversion technology of cracking organic macromolecules in garbage into small molecular fuel substances through thermochemical reactions under the condition of no oxidant or limited oxidant. Garbage pyrolysis and gasification can convert municipal solid waste into gas, liquid, and solid with relatively stable components for utilization. It has high utilization efficiency, wide utilization range, and good economy. From the perspective of pollutant discharge, the insufficiency of direct incineration has brought secondary pollution, especially the discharge of dioxins, and the pyrolysis gasification process is carried out in an oxygen-poor or anoxic atmosphere. Reduced generation of dioxins. At the same time, most of the heavy metals dissolve into the ash during the pyrolysis and gasification process, which reduces the emission. Therefore, the pyrolysis and gasification of waste reduces secondary pollution, is more environmentally friendly than direct incineration, and makes fuller use of resources.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a kind of high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device with simple structure.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

A high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device, including a garbage shredder 1, a garbage drying device 3, a garbage pyrolysis device 9, and a burner 11;

The garbage shredder 1 is connected to the garbage inlet of the garbage drying device 3 through the garbage delivery pipeline 2; the garbage output pipeline 6 of the garbage drying equipment 3 is connected to the garbage pyrolysis device 9 garbage pyrolysis inlet; the fuel output pipeline of the garbage pyrolysis device 9 12 is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner 11, and the flue gas pipeline 10 of the burner 11 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the garbage pyrolysis device 9; High temperature flue gas inlet.

The garbage drying device 3 is composed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder placed therein. The inner cylinder rotates and the outer cylinder is fixed; the inner cylinder is driven by the motor 5 and the transmission belt 4; when the inner cylinder rotates, the garbage is turned inside;

There is a cavity between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, which is connected to the high-temperature flue gas inlet and outlet of the garbage drying device 3, and the high-temperature flue gas from the burner 11 first passes through the garbage pyrolysis device 9 and then enters the cavity to heat the inner cylinder garbage inside.

The fuel output pipeline 12 is a fuel output main pipe, which also includes four branch pipes 14 distributed on the top of the garbage pyrolysis device 9, and the fuel in the garbage pyrolysis device 9 is collected to the fuel output pipeline 12 by these four branch pipes; The four branch pipes 14 are distributed sequentially and at intervals along the length direction of the garbage pyrolysis device 9 .

An auxiliary electric heating device is also installed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder or the outer peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the heat generated by the auxiliary electric heating device is transferred to the garbage in the inner cylinder.

The transmission shaft of the garbage pyrolysis device 9 is driven by the drive mechanism 8 and the belt 7 to rotate.

A high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal method, the specific steps are as follows:

After the garbage is crushed by the garbage crusher 1, it enters the inner cylinder of the garbage drying device 3 through the garbage conveying pipe 2. The inner cylinder is driven by the motor 5 and the transmission belt 4; when the inner cylinder rotates, the garbage is turned inside; the auxiliary electric heating device generates The heat is transferred to the garbage in the inner cylinder to make it dry and ferment;

The dried and fermented garbage enters the garbage passage in the garbage pyrolysis device 9 through the garbage output pipeline 6, and rotates forward with the rotation of the spiral blade in the garbage passage; The interior is isolated from the air and absorbs the heat from the flue gas pipe 10, and is continuously pyrolyzed; the fuel generated by pyrolysis enters the burner 11 through the fuel output pipe 12;

The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion returns to the garbage pyrolysis device 9 through the flue gas pipeline 10 to provide heat for the pyrolysis process. After the drying process provides secondary heating, it is discharged from the flue gas outlet of the garbage drying device 3 .

During the pyrolysis process, if the heat returned through the flue gas pipeline 10 is insufficient, it can be supplemented by auxiliary fuel.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and effects:

(1) The utility model aims at pyrolysis of garbage with high efficiency and low pollution and clean utilization of energy, and changes the original garbage disposal method;

(2) Garbage pyrolysis is carried out under low or no oxygen conditions, which reduces the generation of heavy metal oxides, thereby reducing the generation and emission of toxic organic substances. Most of the harmful components in the garbage are fixed in the semi-coke, which reduces the secondary pollution of the environment;

(3) The fuel generated after garbage pyrolysis can be burned and reused. On the one hand, the fuel is used to generate high-temperature flue gas to provide heat to the garbage drying device and garbage pyrolysis device, and on the other hand, it is used for residential life and industrial and agricultural production;

(4) The garbage disposal device has the advantages of simple structure, small footprint, low maintenance difficulty, high safety factor, and convenient use in rural areas. 3 to 5 households in the surrounding area can install a small garbage disposal device together;

Based on the above, the technical means of the utility model has the advantages of simplicity, energy saving and emission reduction, and turning waste into wealth, and can be widely applied to rural garbage, with broad application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the garbage disposal process of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 and 2. The utility model discloses a high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device, which comprises a garbage crushing machine 1, a garbage drying device 3, a garbage pyrolysis device 9, and a burner 11;

The garbage shredder 1 is connected to the garbage inlet of the garbage drying device 3 through the garbage delivery pipeline 2; the garbage output pipeline 6 of the garbage drying equipment 3 is connected to the garbage pyrolysis device 9 garbage pyrolysis inlet; the fuel output pipeline of the garbage pyrolysis device 9 12 is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner 11, and the flue gas pipeline 10 of the burner 11 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the garbage pyrolysis device 9; High temperature flue gas inlet.

The garbage drying device 3 is composed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder placed therein. The inner cylinder rotates and the outer cylinder is fixed; the inner cylinder is driven by the motor 5 and the transmission belt 4; when the inner cylinder rotates, the garbage is turned inside;

There is a cavity between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, which is connected to the high-temperature flue gas inlet and outlet of the garbage drying device 3, and the high-temperature flue gas from the burner 11 first passes through the garbage pyrolysis device 9 and then enters the cavity to heat the inner cylinder garbage inside.

The fuel output pipeline 12 is a fuel output main pipe, which also includes four branch pipes 14 distributed on the top of the garbage pyrolysis device 9, and the fuel in the garbage pyrolysis device 9 is collected to the fuel output pipeline 12 by these four branch pipes; The four branch pipes 14 are distributed sequentially and at intervals along the length direction of the garbage pyrolysis device 9 .

An auxiliary electric heating device is also installed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder or the outer peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the heat generated by the auxiliary electric heating device is transferred to the garbage in the inner cylinder.

The transmission shaft of the garbage pyrolysis device 9 is driven by the drive mechanism 8 and the belt 7 to rotate.

A high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal method, the specific steps are as follows:

After the garbage is crushed by the garbage crusher 1, it enters the inner cylinder of the garbage drying device 3 through the garbage conveying pipe 2. The inner cylinder is driven by the motor 5 and the transmission belt 4; when the inner cylinder rotates, the garbage is turned inside; the auxiliary electric heating device generates The heat is transferred to the garbage in the inner cylinder to make it dry and ferment;

During the drying and fermentation process, the leachate of the garbage flows out from the sieve hole of the inner cylinder wall to the outside of the garbage drying device 3 for unified collection.

The dried and fermented garbage enters the garbage passage in the garbage pyrolysis device 9 through the garbage output pipeline 6, and rotates forward with the rotation of the spiral blade in the garbage passage; The interior is isolated from the air and absorbs the heat from the flue gas pipe 10, and is continuously pyrolyzed; the pyrolyzed products (hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.) can be used as fuel, and enter the combustion through the fuel output pipe 12 Combustion in device 11;

The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion returns to the garbage pyrolysis device 9 through the flue gas pipeline 10 to provide heat for the pyrolysis process. After the drying process provides secondary heating, it is discharged from the flue gas outlet of the garbage drying device 3 .

In addition, the high-temperature flue gas after participating in pyrolysis can also be diverted and transported to other waste heat utilization devices, such as heat recovery devices, heating systems, etc.

During the pyrolysis process, if the heat returned through the flue gas pipeline 10 is insufficient, it can be supplemented by auxiliary fuel.

As mentioned above, the utility model can be better realized.

The implementation of the present utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be equivalent replacement methods. Included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device is characterized in that: it comprises a garbage shredder (1), a garbage drying device (3), a garbage pyrolysis device (9), and a burner (11); The garbage crushing machine (1) is connected to the garbage inlet of the garbage drying device (3) through the garbage delivery pipeline (2); the garbage output pipeline (6) of the garbage drying equipment (3) is connected to the garbage pyrolysis device (9) solution inlet; the fuel output pipe (12) of the waste pyrolysis device (9) is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner (11), and the flue gas pipe (10) of the burner (11) is connected to the flue gas of the waste pyrolysis device (9) The inlet; the flue gas outlet of the garbage pyrolysis device (9) is connected to the high-temperature flue gas inlet of the garbage drying device (3) through the flue gas return pipeline (13). 2. The high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the garbage drying device (3) is composed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder placed therein, the inner cylinder rotates, and the outer cylinder is fixed; The cylinder is driven by the motor (5) and the transmission belt (4); when the inner cylinder rotates, the garbage turns inside; There is a cavity between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the cavity is connected to the high-temperature flue gas inlet and outlet of the garbage drying device (3), and the high-temperature flue gas from the burner (11) first passes through the pyrolysis device (9) and then enters the air The cavity is used for heating the garbage in the inner cylinder. 3. The high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fuel output pipeline (12) is a fuel output main pipe, which also includes four pipes distributed on the top of the garbage pyrolysis device (9) Branch pipes (14), the fuel in the waste pyrolysis device (9) is collected to the fuel output pipeline (12) by these four branch pipes; these four branch pipes (14) are sequentially along the length direction of the waste pyrolysis device (9) interval distribution. 4. The high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: an auxiliary electric heating device is also installed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder or the outer peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the heat generated by the auxiliary electric heating device is transferred to Garbage in the inner drum. 5. The high-efficiency and low-pollution rural garbage disposal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drive shaft of the garbage pyrolysis device (9) is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism (8) and the belt (7).