CN115853570A - Prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure and construction method based on foamed ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a prefabricated rail top air channel assembly type structure based on foamed ceramics and a construction method, wherein the side wall and the bottom plate of a rail top air channel unit are made of foamed ceramics, and the light weight of the subway station rail top air channel unit is realized on the premise of meeting the structural strength, so that the installation and construction efficiency of the subway station rail top air channel is greatly improved, the construction period is shortened, and the construction safety is ensured. The rail top air duct assembly type structure comprises a plurality of rail top air duct units which are prefabricated in a split mode; two foamed ceramic side walls in the rail top air channel unit are oppositely arranged, and two sides of each foamed ceramic side wall in the width direction are respectively provided with a prefabricated bracket hanging column for bearing force; pre-embedded hanging ribs for fixedly connecting with a station structural slab are pre-embedded at the tops of the prefabricated bracket hanging columns; the lower end of one side surface of the prefabricated bracket hanging column is provided with a supporting connecting seat; the precast beam is arranged between the two side wall assemblies, and two ends of the precast beam are respectively supported and fixed on the support connecting seats on the corresponding sides; the foamed ceramic bottom plate is tiled on the precast beam.

Description

Prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure and construction method based on foamed ceramics

technical field

The invention relates to an assembled structure of a prefabricated rail top air duct in a subway station, in particular to an assembled structure of a prefabricated rail top air duct in a subway station based on foamed ceramics, and belongs to the technical field of subway station engineering.

Background technique

At present, cast-in-place reinforced concrete is mainly used in the construction of rail-top air ducts in subway stations. The following problems exist in the construction of cast-in-place reinforced concrete: (1) The construction progress is slow, and a large amount of work is carried out in a relatively narrow underground space. use. (2) The quality of work cannot be guaranteed. Phenomena such as elevation deviation, uneven surface, and unqualified concrete vibration quality are common, which brings troubles to the later work. (3) The economy is poor, and it cannot be constructed together with the main structure. The structure itself needs to be poured in stages, the project volume is small, the construction is difficult, the labor input is large, and the efficiency is low. (4) Dirty and messy working environment, too much underground wet work, narrow working surface, construction waste cannot be cleaned up in time, and dust is harmful to the health of workers. (5) Hazard to occupational health and safety. The flying dust in the dense space endangers the health of the workers, and the working surface of the air duct on the rail top is narrow and has many protrusions, so workers are prone to injury when crawling in it. Therefore, in the subway project, promoting the development and application of prefabricated components will help reduce construction waste and dust on site, and bring great improvements in quality, safety, environmental protection, construction schedule, and economic benefits.

Compared with traditional cast-in-place construction technology, prefabricated technology has rapidly developed and been popularized and applied in the field of subway station engineering due to its advantages of rapidity, high efficiency and low energy consumption. However, the existing prefabricated rail top air ducts of subway stations, whether it is the rail top air duct unit of the integral prefabricated concrete structure or the rail top air duct unit of the block prefabricated concrete structure, are still prefabricated with concrete, which takes a long time and the concrete The weight of the prefabricated parts is relatively large, and installation is difficult during on-site construction, and there are construction safety hazards; in addition, it takes a long time to lift the heavy concrete prefabricated parts, which also limits the further improvement of construction efficiency.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a light-weight, material-saving, fast-constructed subway station rail top air duct assembly structure and its construction method.

Foamed ceramic building materials overcome the shortcomings of traditional thermal insulation materials such as low strength, flammability, and easy aging. It is a new type of green thermal insulation building material with the characteristics of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, thin plastering, waterproof and moisture-proof, and a fire rating of A1. , The raw materials of foamed ceramic building materials are mainly fired from various wastes, which eliminates the problems of environmental pollution, land occupation, and vegetation destruction caused by waste accumulation. Waste discharge is an environmentally friendly process technology.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics. The side walls and bottom plates of the rail top air duct units of subway stations are all made of foamed ceramic materials. The light weight of the rail top air duct unit of the subway station can greatly improve the installation and construction efficiency of the rail top air duct of the subway station, shorten the construction period, and at the same time ensure construction safety.

Prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics, including multiple split prefabricated rail top air duct units;

The rail top air duct unit includes: foamed ceramic side walls, foamed ceramic bottom plate, prefabricated corbel suspenders and prefabricated beams;

The two foamed ceramic side walls are arranged opposite to each other, and a prefabricated corbel suspender is arranged on each side of the width direction of each foamed ceramic side wall for bearing force, thereby forming a side wall assembly; the prefabricated corbel The pre-embedded hanging ribs on the top of the suspenders are used for fastening with the structural slab of the subway station;

The lower end of one side of the prefabricated corbel davit is provided with a support connection seat; the prefabricated beam is arranged between two side wall components, and the two ends of the prefabricated beam are respectively supported and fixed on the corresponding side prefabricated corbel davit on the support connection seat;

The foamed ceramic bottom plate is flatly laid on the prefabricated beam.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, diagonal brace angle steels are provided on the inside and/or outside of the foamed ceramic side walls, and the diagonal brace angle steels are arranged along the diagonal lines of the foamed ceramic side walls;

When the inner side and the outer side of the foamed ceramic side wall are provided with diagonal brace angle steels, the two diagonal brace angle steels on the inner side and the outer side are arranged crosswise.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, the diagonal brace angle steel located on the outside of the foamed ceramic side wall is fixed to the foamed ceramic side wall through fasteners; the diagonal brace located on the inside of the foamed ceramic side wall The angle steel is respectively fixed to the foamed ceramic side wall and the prefabricated corbel suspender at the corresponding end through fasteners.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, the prefabricated beams include two longitudinal beams and a plurality of cross beams for connecting the two longitudinal beams, and the two longitudinal beams are respectively connected with the two prefabricated corbels in the side wall assembly connect.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, a tongue-and-groove splicing structure is adopted between the foamed ceramic side wall and the prefabricated corbel suspender.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, a gap of 5 mm to 10 mm is left between the tongue and groove of the prefabricated corbel davit and the side wall of the foamed ceramic, and the gap is filled with grouting material.

As a preferred form of the present invention, prefabricated beam groove holes are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam in the prefabricated beam, and corbel groove holes are correspondingly provided on the supporting connection seat of the prefabricated corbel suspender; After the groove hole of the prefabricated beam is connected with the groove hole of the corbel, the prefabricated corbel davit and the prefabricated beam are spliced together by the bolts arranged in the two groove holes.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, the grouting material is filled into the groove holes of the prefabricated beams and the groove holes of the corbels installed with bolts to carry out grouting sealing.

As a preferred mode of the present invention, there is a gap of 5-10 mm between the two ends of the foamed ceramic bottom plate and the side wall assembly on the corresponding side, and the grouting material is filled in the gap.

In addition, the present invention provides a construction method of prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics:

Firstly, pre-assemble the rail top air duct unit on the ground. When pre-assembling, first hoist four prefabricated corbels to the set position; then manually install two foam ceramic side walls;

Then the prefabricated beam is hoisted between the two opposite side wall components, the prefabricated beam is supported and fixed on the supporting connection seat of the prefabricated corbel suspender on the corresponding side, and the foamed ceramic bottom plate is manually laid on the prefabricated beam ;This completes the pre-assembly of the rail top air duct unit;

After the pre-assembled rail top air duct unit is hoisted to the installation position as a whole, the pre-embedded hanging ribs pre-buried on the top of the prefabricated corbel suspenders penetrate the preset groove holes on the structural plate of the subway station, and are connected with bolts; The connection between the prefabricated corbel davit and the lower surface of the subway station structural slab shall be grouted and caulked.

Beneficial effect:

(1) The prefabricated structure of the rail top air duct of the present invention adopts a block prefabricated structure, and the side wall components and the bottom components adopt prefabricated corbels and prefabricated beams as the main load-bearing structures, and cooperate with foamed ceramic side walls and foamed ceramics The bottom plate can reduce the amount of concrete as much as possible under the premise of satisfying the structural strength; the prefabricated corbels and prefabricated beams are lighter in weight than traditional concrete hanging walls and concrete bottom plates, and are easy to hoist on site; Lightweight, good durability, when the foamed ceramic side wall and foamed ceramic bottom plate are installed on site, there is no need for hoisting, manual installation is enough, the on-site installation operation and on-site connection are convenient, and it is also easy to maintain; thus the foamed ceramics based on the present invention The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure realizes the light weight of the rail top air duct unit, which can greatly improve the installation and construction efficiency of the rail top air duct in subway stations, shorten the construction period, and at the same time ensure construction safety; at the same time, due to the large reduction in concrete Instead, new green and environmentally friendly foamed ceramics are used for the construction of rail top air ducts in subway stations, which can reduce resource consumption and environmental pollution.

(2) In the assembled structure of the rail top air duct of the present invention, since the bottom plate assembly is a lightweight structure, it only needs to be connected with the side wall assembly by simple fasteners (such as bolts), thereby simplifying the joints The connection method improves construction efficiency.

(3) In the assembled structure of the rail top air duct of the present invention, the bottom of the foamed ceramic bottom plate is supported by prefabricated beams to improve the structural strength of the foamed ceramic bottom plate.

(4) In the assembled structure of the rail top air duct of the present invention, the inner and/or outer sides of the foamed ceramic side walls are provided with diagonal brace angle steels, and the diagonal brace angle steels are arranged along the diagonal lines of the foamed ceramic side walls, thereby enabling Improve the structural strength of the foamed ceramic side wall.

(5) In the assembled structure of the rail top air duct of the present invention, the foamed ceramic side wall and the prefabricated corbel suspenders are connected through the tongue and groove of the suspenders, and the tongue and groove splicing structure can not only improve the splicing quality of the rail top air duct unit , It can also effectively prevent air leakage in the rail top air duct, and improve the reliability and efficiency of assembly.

(6) In the assembled structure of the rail top air duct of the present invention, there is a gap between the tongue and groove of the hanging column and the side wall of the foamed ceramics, and the grouting pipe is used to fill the gap with grouting material, which ensures the fault tolerance rate.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rail top air duct unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the rail top air duct unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the prefabricated beam provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated corbel suspender with tongue-and-groove provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fixed structure of a foamed ceramic side wall, a prefabricated corbel suspender and a diagonal brace angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them: 1-prefabricated beam, 2-bracing angle steel, 3-prefabricated corbel and davit, 4-foamed ceramic side wall, 5-foamed ceramic bottom plate, 6-groove hole of prefabricated beam, 7-hanging column , 8-corbel groove hole, 9-embedded hanger, 10-bolt.

Detailed ways

The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

This embodiment provides a prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics. Green and environmentally friendly foamed ceramics are used to prefabricate the side walls and bottom plates of the rail top air duct units of subway stations, and the structure can be improved to meet the Under the premise of structural strength, the amount of concrete should be reduced as much as possible to realize the lightweight and low-carbonization of the prefabricated structure of the air duct on the track top of the entire subway station.

The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure includes a plurality of split prefabricated rail top air duct units; as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the rail top air duct unit includes: two foamed ceramic side walls 4, a foamed ceramic bottom plate 5, Prefabricated corbel davits 3 and prefabricated beams 1; the foamed ceramic side walls 4 and foamed ceramic bottom plates 5 are cut according to size in the factory, and the prefabricated corbels 3 and prefabricated beams 1 are the main load-bearing components, which are made of concrete Prefabricated molding: the foamed ceramic side wall 4, the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5, the prefabricated corbel davit 3 and the prefabricated beam 1 are delivered to the site and then assembled. The foamed ceramic side wall 4 and the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 are made of new environmentally friendly foamed ceramic material, which has higher application value for the quality control and subsequent maintenance and replacement of the rail top air duct unit.

Two foamed ceramic side walls 4 are arranged opposite to each other, and a prefabricated corbel suspender 3 is arranged on each side of the width direction of each foamed ceramic side wall 4 for bearing force, thereby forming a side wall assembly; the foamed ceramic side walls A tongue-and-groove splicing structure is adopted between the wall 4 and the prefabricated corbel davit 3 . As shown in Figure 4, in this example, two prefabricated corbel suspenders 3 in the side wall assembly are provided with suspender grooves 7 on opposite sides. When installing, directly place the lateral sides of the foamed ceramic side wall 4 on Get final product in the corresponding side suspender tongue and groove 7. After installation, there is a gap between the tongue-and-groove 7 of the hanging column and the side wall 4 of the foamed ceramics. The splicing quality of the rail top air duct unit can also effectively prevent air leakage from the rail top air duct and improve assembly reliability and assembly efficiency.

As shown in Figure 4, the top of the prefabricated corbel 3 is pre-embedded with a pre-embedded hanger 9 for solid connection with the cast-in-place concrete of the subway station structural slab; after the prefabricated corbel 3 is hoisted in place, its top The pre-embedded hanging ribs 9 run through the groove holes of the structural slab of the subway station, and are fixedly connected by bolts; The pre-opening of the structural slab of the subway station ensures the integrity and stability of the pre-embedded hanging bars 9, improves the safety factor of the track top air duct unit, and ensures good sealing.

The prefabricated beam 1 is used to support the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 and improve the structural strength of the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 . As shown in Figure 3, in this example, the prefabricated beam 1 includes two longitudinal beams and a plurality of cross beams for connecting the two longitudinal beams, and the two longitudinal beams are respectively connected with the two prefabricated corbels and suspenders 3 in the side wall assembly corresponding connection.

The lower end of one side of the prefabricated corbel suspender 3 is provided with a protrusion as the support connection seat of the prefabricated beam 1; Respectively support and be fixed on the support connecting seat of the prefabricated corbel davit 3 on the corresponding side. The two ends of the longitudinal beam in the prefabricated beam 1 are provided with prefabricated beam groove holes 6, and the supporting connection seats of the prefabricated corbel suspenders 3 are correspondingly provided with corbel groove holes 8; After the slot holes 6 are butted up and down, the prefabricated corbel davit 3 and the prefabricated beam 1 are spliced together through the bolts arranged in the two slot holes, and then grouting material is poured into the gap between the two slot holes, and the bolts are wrapped in In the grouting material, the strength and smoothness of the connection parts are guaranteed. The prefabricated beam 1 and the prefabricated corbel suspender 3 are connected to form the main load-bearing structure of the rail top air duct unit.

The foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 is flatly laid on the prefabricated beam 1 to form a bottom plate assembly; there is a gap of 5-10 mm between the two ends of the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 and the side wall assembly on the corresponding side, and the grouting material is poured in the gap by a grouting pipe , improve the fault tolerance rate, ensure the integrity of the rail top air duct unit, and avoid air leakage.

As shown in Figure 5, further, in order to improve the structural strength of the side wall assembly, the inner and outer sides of the foamed ceramic side wall 4 are provided with diagonal brace angle steel 2, and the diagonal brace angle steel 2 is arranged along the opposite sides of the foam ceramic side wall 4. Corner lines are set, and the diagonal brace angle steels 2 on the inner and outer sides of each foamed ceramic side wall 4 are arranged crosswise. As shown in Figure 5, in this example, the braced angle steel 2 positioned on the outside of the foamed ceramic side wall 4 is fixed to the foamed ceramic side wall 4 by two bolts 10, and the braced angle steel 2 positioned on the inside of the foamed ceramic side wall 4 It is fixed by four bolts 10, wherein the two bolts 10 on both sides are respectively fixed to the prefabricated corbel davits 3 on the corresponding side, and the two bolts 10 in the middle are fixed to the foamed ceramic side wall 4, thereby ensuring the The stability of the foamed ceramic side wall 4 further improves the shear strength and connection force of the foamed ceramic side wall 4 .

Example 2:

This embodiment provides the construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1.

First, pre-assemble the rail top air duct unit on the ground. During the pre-assembly, first hoist the four prefabricated corbels 3 to the set position; then manually install two pieces of foamed ceramic side walls 4, and The inner side and the outer side of the wall 4 fix the diagonal brace angle steel 2 through bolts 10, thereby completing the assembly of the side wall assembly;

Then the prefabricated beam 1 is hoisted between two opposite side wall assemblies, and the prefabricated beam 1 and the prefabricated corbel davit 3 are connected by bolts. Finally, the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 is laid on the prefabricated beam 1 manually.

Afterwards, the grouting and sealing of the connecting joints are carried out, including pouring grouting material in the gap between the foamed ceramic side wall 4 and the davit 7 of the prefabricated corbel davit 3, and splicing the prefabricated beam 1 with the prefabricated corbel davit 3 through bolts The grouting material is poured in the gap of the groove hole of the groove hole to seal, and the grouting material is sealed in the gap between the foamed ceramic bottom plate 5 and the foamed ceramic side wall 4 .

This completes the pre-assembly of the rail top air duct unit.

After the pre-assembled rail top air duct unit is hoisted to the installation position as a whole, the pre-embedded hanging rib 9 pre-buried on the top of the prefabricated corbel davit 3 runs through the preset groove hole on the structural plate of the subway station, and is fixed and connected by bolts, and then A grouting pipe is used for grouting at the connection between the prefabricated corbel davit 3 and the lower surface of the subway station structural slab.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific examples above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The assembled structure of the prefabricated rail top air duct based on foamed ceramics is characterized in that it includes a plurality of split prefabricated rail top air duct units; The rail top air duct unit includes: foamed ceramic side walls, foamed ceramic bottom plate, prefabricated corbel suspenders and prefabricated beams; The two foamed ceramic side walls are arranged opposite to each other, and a prefabricated corbel suspender is arranged on each side of the width direction of each foamed ceramic side wall for bearing force, thereby forming a side wall assembly; the prefabricated corbel The pre-embedded hanging ribs on the top of the suspenders are used for fastening with the structural slab of the subway station; The lower end of one side of the prefabricated corbel davit is provided with a support connection seat; the prefabricated beam is arranged between two side wall components, and the two ends of the prefabricated beam are respectively supported and fixed on the corresponding side prefabricated corbel davit on the support connection seat; The foamed ceramic bottom plate is flatly laid on the prefabricated beam. 2. The assembled structure of prefabricated rail top air duct based on foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: diagonal bracing angle steels are arranged on the inside and/or outside of the foamed ceramic side walls, and the diagonal Angle steel is arranged along the diagonal of the foamed ceramic side wall; When the inner side and the outer side of the foamed ceramic side wall are provided with diagonal brace angle steels, the two diagonal brace angle steels on the inner side and the outer side are arranged crosswise. 3. The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: the diagonal brace angle steel located on the outer side of the foamed ceramics side wall is connected to the side wall of the foamed ceramics through fasteners. The wall is fixed; the diagonal brace angle steel located on the inner side of the foamed ceramic side wall is respectively fixed with the foamed ceramic side wall and the prefabricated corbel suspender at the corresponding end through fasteners. 4. The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the prefabricated beams include two longitudinal beams and multiple cross beams for connecting the two longitudinal beams, two The longitudinal beams are respectively connected to two prefabricated corbels in the side wall assembly. 5. The assembled structure of prefabricated rail top air duct based on foamed ceramics according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: between the foamed ceramics side wall and the prefabricated corbel suspender Oral splicing structure. 6. The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: there is a gap of 5 mm between the tongue and groove of the prefabricated corbel davit and the side wall of the foamed ceramics ~10mm gap, fill the gap with grouting material. 7. The prefabricated rail roof air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics according to claim 4, characterized in that: the two ends of the longitudinal beam in the prefabricated beam are provided with prefabricated beam groove holes, and the prefabricated corbel suspenders Corresponding corbel groove holes are provided on the supporting connection seat; after the prefabricated beam groove holes are docked with the corbel groove holes, the prefabricated corbel suspenders are spliced with the prefabricated beam through the bolts arranged in the two groove holes together. 8. The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics according to claim 7, characterized in that: grouting material is filled into the prefabricated beam groove holes and corbel groove holes installed with bolts for grouting and sealing. 9. The prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: there are 5 ~10mm gap, fill the gap with grout. 10. The construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure based on foamed ceramics, characterized in that: the prefabricated rail top air duct assembly structure is the prefabricated rail based on foamed ceramics according to any one of claims 1-9 Top wind tunnel assembly structure; Firstly, pre-assemble the rail top air duct unit on the ground. When pre-assembling, first hoist four prefabricated corbels to the set position; then manually install two foam ceramic side walls; Then the prefabricated beam is hoisted between the two opposite side wall components, the prefabricated beam is supported and fixed on the supporting connection seat of the prefabricated corbel suspender on the corresponding side, and the foamed ceramic bottom plate is manually laid on the prefabricated beam ;This completes the pre-assembly of the rail top air duct unit; After the pre-assembled rail top air duct unit is hoisted to the installation position as a whole, the pre-embedded hanging ribs pre-buried on the top of the prefabricated corbel suspenders penetrate the preset groove holes on the structural plate of the subway station, and are connected with bolts; The connection between the prefabricated corbel davit and the lower surface of the subway station structural slab shall be grouted and caulked.

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