CN115819151A - Preparation method of peat organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of peat organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115819151A CN115819151A CN202211199248.6A CN202211199248A CN115819151A CN 115819151 A CN115819151 A CN 115819151A CN 202211199248 A CN202211199248 A CN 202211199248A CN 115819151 A CN115819151 A CN 115819151A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a peat organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: mixing herbaceous peat and woody peat according to a proportion to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and adding cow and sheep manures in batches to obtain a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product; adding a commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum into sheep manure or/and cow manure, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and adding peat in batches to obtain a cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product; and (3) mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, and performing aerobic solid state fermentation to obtain the peat organic fertilizer. Based on the physicochemical properties of peat and cow and sheep manure, the invention adopts a method of adding the peat and cow and sheep manure in batches to obtain prefabricated products, and then the prefabricated products are superposed and fermented, so that the defects of fermentation raw materials are complemented, fermentation inhibitors are diluted, the humification of the fermentation raw materials is promoted, the content of humic acid is increased, the fermentation period is shortened, the yield of organic fertilizers is improved, and the carbon reduction conversion of high-carbon resources such as low-rank coal peat, culture solid waste and the like is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of peat recycling application, in particular to an organic fertilizer, and provides a preparation method of a peat organic fertilizer suitable for industrial production.
Background
The organic fertilizer can replace chemical fertilizers, increase the organic matter content of soil and prepare fertilizer soil fertility, and is a material basis for realizing a zero-growth scheme of the chemical fertilizers of Ministry of agriculture. Raw materials and process control are key factors for organic fertilizer production.
China has 46.87 hundred million tons of peat resources (dry basis), wherein the storage capacity of inner Mongolia peat is 1.28 million tons (dry basis). Peat (also called Peat, peat or Peat), is an organic mineral substance formed by long-term accumulation of undecomposed parts of plant residues in a high-humidity anaerobic environment and under the action of microorganisms. The char plant is biodegraded under the condition of oxygen deficiency to form peat, the peat is formed into lignite through diagenesis, and when the temperature and pressure are gradually increased, the peat is transformed into bituminous coal through metamorphic action until the bituminous coal is anthracite. Species differences in char-forming plants result in peat types including herbaceous peat, woody peat and moss peat. The char-forming plant remains are decomposed, synthesized and aggregated under the participation of microorganisms to be converted into peat, and the peat is only decomposed to a certain degree and contains a large amount of undecomposed plant roots, stems and leaves residues. The peat mainly comprises organic matters (53 percent on average) and humic acid (humic acid), is rich in fiber content, loose and porous, has more pores and huge internal surface area, has strong water adsorption capacity, is mainly used as a gardening substrate at present, and is widely applied to the fields of flower gardening, crop planting and the like in countries such as Germany, finland, canada, sweden, china and the like.
The core process of the traditional commercial organic fertilizer is mainly aerobic solid fermentation, organic wastes (livestock and poultry manure, crop straws, municipal waste, sludge and the like) are subjected to industrial high-temperature fermentation treatment in a centralized manner, the organic fertilizer produced in a large scale (the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 30 percent) meets the market demand, and the organic fertilizer is improved and fertilized, and soil organic matters are replenished and updated.
The traditional humic acid fertilizer is a fertilizer which is compounded by raw materials of natural resources such as peat containing humic acid, lignite, weathered coal and the like and substances containing ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium (the content of the humic acid is more than or equal to 3 percent). The main products comprise ammonium humate, phosphorus humate, sodium humate, ammonium nitrohumate, potassium fulvate, sodium fulvate, fulvic acid compound fertilizer and the like. The humic acid fertilizer can chelate and adsorb various nutrients in soil to improve the nutrient utilization efficiency.
The Chinese patent CN107353157A discloses a peat organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the peat organic fertilizer comprises peat raw powder, ammonium bicarbonate, monoammonium phosphate, a secondary element fertilizer, trace elements and biological bacteria, wherein the trace elements are formed by one or a mixture of more than two of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, sodium zinc ethylenediamine tetraacetate, sodium manganese ethylenediamine tetraacetate, sodium copper ethylenediamine tetraacetate, boric acid and sodium molybdate, and the biological bacteria are formed by one or a mixture of more than two of saccharomycetes, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, streptomyces microflavus, azotobacter and phosphorus bacteria. CN109485525A discloses a process for preparing an organic fertilizer containing high-activity humic acid, which is mainly and technically characterized in that 50% -60% of high-activity humic acid, 5% -10% of urea, 5% -10% of ammonium sulfate, 3% -5% of magnesium sulfate, 3% -5% of zinc sulfate, 3% -5% of magnesium sulfate, 3% -5% of bentonite and 5% -10% of borax rare earth are processed according to the specific process steps, lignite, weathered coal or peat are used as main raw materials, the raw materials are firstly crushed and then activated, then acidized, and then purified for three times and dried to prepare the organic fertilizer containing the high-activity humic acid. CN1884216 discloses a method for manufacturing a bio-organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the steps of firstly respectively crushing straws and peat, then uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure, straw powder and peat according to a weight ratio of 2-3.
The above patents all refer to a manufacturing method for independently preparing organic fertilizer by using peat or cattle and sheep manure as fermentation raw materials. The inner Mongolia autonomous region is rich in coal resources (peat) and cattle and sheep manure resources, the peat and the cattle and sheep manure have different chemical components and physicochemical properties, and the production processes of the organic fertilizer have corresponding differences. In order to realize the integration of the advantages of the organic fertilizer and the humic acid fertilizer, the organic fertilizer and the novel humic acid fertilizer can be provided, peat rich in organic matters and humic acid and cattle and sheep manure rich in organic matters are used as main raw materials, and the high humic acid organic fertilizer is prepared by aerobic solid state fermentation according to the physical and chemical composition characteristics of the raw materials of the peat and the cattle and sheep manure, so that the production process of the high humic acid organic fertilizer is developed, coal resources (peat) and cattle and sheep manure resources rich in inner Mongolia autonomous regions are deeply processed, and the resources are converted into economic values.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: the invention provides a preparation method of a peat organic fertilizer, which only carries out splitting adjustment and optimized combination on a fermentation process without additionally adding equipment, is simple to operate and can realize large-batch continuous production.
The technical scheme is as follows: a preparation method of peat organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product: mixing herbaceous peat and woody peat according to a proportion to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, carrying out aerobic solid state fermentation, starting to add cow and sheep manure with the total mass of 3-5% of the initial peat every 3d after 1-6d, and carrying out aerobic solid state fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 3% -20% to obtain a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s2, preparing a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product: adding an organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum into sheep manure or/and cow manure, performing aerobic solid state fermentation, starting to add peat accounting for 3-5% of the total mass of the initial cow manure and sheep manure every 3 days after 1-9 days, and performing aerobic solid state fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 1-10% to obtain a cow manure and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s3, preparing a peat organic fertilizer: mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, performing aerobic solid state fermentation, and turning over every 1-2d until the water-soluble humic acid content of the final product is 5-20% and the total humic acid content is 20-40%, thereby obtaining the peat organic fertilizer.
The chemical components of different types of peat are obviously different. Moss peat cellulose and hemicellulose have the highest contents respectively reaching 18 percent and 45 percent; the content of cellulose and hemicellulose of the woody peat is the lowest, and is only 4 percent and 7 percent. The organic matter content of the woody peat is higher than 80%, the organic matter content of the herbaceous peat is only 58%, and the contents of lignin, humic acid and water-soluble humic acid are sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the woody peat and the herbaceous peat, which shows that the woody peat contains more lignin, humic acid and water-soluble humic acid. The average humic acid content of the peat is 31.18 percent, and the humic acid content of the woody peat is highest. In the preparation process of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product, 3-5% of cow and sheep manure of the initial peat is added every 3 days after 1-6 days, and due to the fact that the peat is formed by effectively accumulating and inhibiting decomposition of plant organisms, the peat is poor in microbial degradability and not beneficial to growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and the fermentation period is long. The chemical components of the cattle and sheep manure mainly comprise cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash and soluble substances. Wherein, the cellulose and the hemicellulose are easy to degrade to generate fermentable sugars such as glucose and xylose which can be absorbed and utilized as nutrient substances by microorganisms in the commercial organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum, and the microorganisms are rapidly propagated to reach the quantity of the microorganisms, thereby shortening the fermentation period of the organic fertilizer;
the content of crude fibers difficult to degrade in cow dung is high, which means that the content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is high, and the decomposition is slow, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung is close to 25. Cattle are herbivorous ruminants, and the cattle manure is rich in microbial strains and beneficial to fermentation of organic fertilizers; the sheep manure is low in content of crude fiber which is difficult to degrade and easy to decompose, the sheep manure is rich in nitrogen element, the content of the nitrogen element is 0.7-0.8%, and the content of the nitrogen element in the cow manure is only 0.34-0.45%. In the preparation process of the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product, peat with the content of 3-5% of the total mass of the initial cattle and sheep manure is added at intervals of 3 days after 1-9 days, cellulose and lignin in the cattle and sheep manure and the peat are decomposed under the action of microorganisms and can generate humic acid along with hydrolysis, oxidation and condensation in the fermentation process of compost, the peat is added to induce the generation of the humic acid, so that the content of the humic acid and water-soluble humic acid in the organic fertilizer is increased, and in addition, the peat is loose and porous, so that the microbial colonization and amplification contained in the commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum in the organic fertilizer fermentation process is facilitated, and the organic fertilizer fermentation period is shortened.
Antibiotics are also named as antibiotics and play a role in inhibiting or killing pathogenic bacteria in a certain range, and the antibiotics for animals are used as antibacterial agents and growth promoting preparations and are added into feeds for livestock and poultry cultivation in large quantities. Antibiotics become necessary means for intensive and large-scale cultivation, and the long-term use of the antibiotics in the livestock breeding industry can cause the antibiotics to be remained in cattle and sheep manure. Antibiotics are widely used in livestock and poultry breeding industry, antibiotics remained in excrement and urine of livestock and poultry are transferred to ecological environment along with resource utilization of breeding waste, so that the antibiotics are diffused from the breeding industry to the planting industry, the microbial structure of soil is changed, and the crop yield is influenced. Peat is added in the organic fertilizer fermentation process with the cattle and sheep manure as the raw material, so that the cattle and sheep manure can be diluted, the concentration of residual antibiotics in the cattle and sheep manure can be further diluted, bacteria in the commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant can not be greatly killed by the residual antibiotics, and the effects can be normally exerted;
and finally, mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, so that the organic fertilizer with peat as a fermentation raw material and cattle and sheep manure as a fermentation raw material is subjected to precise fermentation process regulation and control according to the characteristics of chemical components of the organic fertilizer, and is independently fermented into the prefabricated product, and the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product are mixed in proportion and overlapped in advantages to perform aerobic solid state fermentation, so that the optimal product quality and parameters are achieved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal peat to the woody peat in the S1 is (2-4) to (6-8).
Preferably, the water content of the peat herbal peat and the peat in the S1 is 40-50%; the water is the basis of the life activities of organic fertilizer fermentation microorganisms and is also an important process control parameter in the composting. The water content of the peat can reach 40-50% after the peat is air-dried in the air, the requirement of microbial growth in the commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant can be met, and the organic fertilizer fermentation is promoted.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the mixed peat in the S1 is 1-5.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum and the sheep manure in the S1 to the mixture of the cattle manure and the sheep manure is 1-5; the organic fertilizer fermentation is mainly carried out by the action of microorganisms, and part of the microorganisms participating in composting is the original microorganisms of cattle and sheep manure; the other part is a commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum which is added manually, and the microorganisms have stronger decomposition capacity on fermentation raw materials under certain conditions, can accelerate the process of composting reaction and shorten the time of composting reaction. Due to the difference of raw materials, a commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum is added, and the raw materials are fermented: the mass ratio of the fermentation inoculum is 1-5, which meets the initial microorganism quantity required by the fermentation of the organic fertilizer, and the quantity of various microorganisms is continuously changed along with the progress of chemical reaction. The fermentation environment formed by each raw material has specific microbial flora, and the diversity of the microbes can still avoid system collapse under the condition that the external conditions change in the composting process, thereby ensuring the normal operation of organic fertilizer reaction.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product to the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in the S3 is 100; the organic matter of cow and sheep manure and peat as fermentation raw materials is subjected to complex conversion under the action of microorganisms in the organic fertilizer fermentation process, one is the mineralization process of the organic matter, namely complex organic cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and protein are decomposed into simple organic matters such as monosaccharide, amino acid, organic acid and polyphenol under the action of microorganisms, and even carbon dioxide, water and large amount of heat are generated, and the other is the humification process of the organic matter, namely simple organic matters, particularly aromatic matters and nitrogen-containing amino acid substances are synthesized (condensed) to generate more complex special organic matter humins. The humus is a black brown gelatinous substance, has large molecular weight, various organic acid radical ions and is a heterogeneous amorphous polycondensation product. Humic substances can be divided into humic elements, humic acids and fulvic acids, and the latter two are called humic acids. Humus is the most stable component of soil organic matter. The mixing proportion of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product is 100-50, the humification process of organic matters is promoted, the organic matter content of a final product is ensured to exceed 30%, the water-soluble humic acid content reaches 10-20%, and meanwhile, the total humic acid content is 20-40%.
Preferably, the commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum is a commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, is prepared by compounding various strains in macromolecular cellulose, hemicellulose, protein and starch of strongly decomposed cattle and sheep manure and related enzymes, can decompose chemical components in the cattle and sheep manure, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, starch and the like, and accelerates the mineralization process and the humification process of organic matters of fermentation raw materials.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant is bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis)Bacillus subtilis) Bacillus megaterium (B.megaterium) (B.megaterium)Bacillus magaterium) Bacillus coagulans bacterium (A), (B) and (C)Bacillus coagulans) Bacillus firmus (B), (B)Bacillus firmus)The organic fertilizer is compounded with a commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, can decompose chemical components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, humic acid and the like in peat, and accelerate the mineralization process and the humification process of peat organic matters in fermentation raw materials.
Has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer, the defect complementation of fermentation raw materials is realized from the perspective of process innovation, the peat organic matter content is high, and the peat organic fertilizer is rich in humic acid, but the fermentation period of the recalcitrant organic fertilizer is long, the organic matter content of cattle and sheep manure is low, the peat organic fertilizer does not contain humic acid, and has antibiotic residues, but the peat organic fertilizer is digested by cattle and sheep intestines and stomach, so that the peat organic fertilizer is easy to decompose, and the fermentation period of the organic fertilizer is short; the two raw materials have obvious difference in physicochemical properties and fermentation difference of the organic fertilizer, and the defects of the fermentation raw materials are complemented by adopting a fractional complementary addition method, so that the residual antibiotics of the fermentation inhibitors can be diluted and degraded without changing the microbial structure of the soil;
2. according to the peat organic fertilizer, peat does not contain germs, worm eggs and grass seeds, diseases, pests and weeds are not transmitted, and the pollution of antibiotics, hormones and heavy metals is avoided; the cattle and sheep manure contains germs, worm eggs and grass seeds, and spreads diseases, insect pests and grass pests and has antibiotic pollution; peat and cattle and sheep manure are fermented respectively to obtain organic fertilizer prefabricated products, and the organic fertilizer prefabricated products are mixed and then fermented in a superposition mode according to needs, so that the quality and parameters of the final products, such as organic matters, humic acid and water-soluble humic acid content, can be adjusted, the requirements of application objects of different soils and different crops are met, the organic fertilizer products are diversified, and the order-based production is facilitated;
3. the peat organic fertilizer is prepared by splitting, adjusting and optimally combining a fermentation process without additionally adding equipment, and the production method is simple to operate and can realize large-batch continuous production.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product: mixing herbaceous peat with the water content of 50% and woody peat according to the mass ratio of 4 to 6 to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the mixed peat is 1 to 100, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and after 6d, beginning to add cow dung with the total mass of 3% of the initial peat every 3d, and carrying out aerobic solid fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 15.26% to obtain a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s2, preparation of a cow dung organic fertilizer prefabricated product: adding an artificial HR decomposition agent organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum into the cow dung, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum to the cow dung is 1-5, performing aerobic solid fermentation, starting to add peat with the total mass of 3% of the initial cow dung every 3 days after 6 days, and performing aerobic solid fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 2.32% to obtain a cow dung organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s3, preparing a peat organic fertilizer: and (3) mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cow dung organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product to the cow dung organic fertilizer prefabricated product is 100, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and turning the piles once every 2d until the content of water-soluble humic acid in a final product is 13.37%, and the total humic acid content is 20.47%, so as to obtain the peat organic fertilizer.
Example 2
The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product: mixing herbaceous peat with the water content of 50% and woody peat according to the mass ratio of 2 to 8 to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the mixed peat is 5 to 100, performing aerobic solid fermentation, and after 6d, adding sheep manure with the total mass of 5% of the initial peat every 3d, and performing aerobic solid fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 17.03% to obtain a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s2, preparing a sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product: adding a human-derived HR decomposition agent organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum into the sheep manure, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum to the sheep manure is 1-5 to 100, performing aerobic solid state fermentation, starting to add peat with the mass being 5% of the total mass of the initial sheep manure every 3 days after 6 days, and performing aerobic solid state fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 2.21% to obtain a sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s3, preparing a peat organic fertilizer: and (3) mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product to the sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product is 100, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and turning the pile once every 1d until the water-soluble humic acid content of the final product is 16.59%, and the total humic acid content is 25.14%, so as to obtain the peat organic fertilizer.
Example 3
The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product: mixing herbaceous peat with the water content of 45% and woody peat according to a mass ratio of 5 to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the mixed peat is 3;
s2, preparing a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product: adding an artificial HR decomposition agent organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum into the cattle and sheep manure mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum to the cattle and sheep manure mixture is 1-5;
s3, preparing a peat organic fertilizer: and (3) mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product to the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product is 100, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and turning over every 2d until the water-soluble humic acid content of the final product is 13.57%, and the total humic acid content is 22.06%, so as to obtain the peat organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product: mixing herbaceous peat with the water content of 45% and woody peat according to the mass ratio of 4 to 6 to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum, wherein the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the mixed peat is 3;
s2, preparing a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product: adding a human-derived HR decomposition agent into the cattle and sheep manure mixture, wherein the mass ratio of an organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum to the cattle and sheep manure mixture is 4;
s3, preparing a peat organic fertilizer: and (3) mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product to the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product is 100, carrying out aerobic solid fermentation, and turning over every 2d until the water-soluble humic acid content of the final product is 8.93%, and the total humic acid content is 13.31%, so as to obtain the peat organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing herbaceous peat with the water content of 45% and woody peat according to the mass ratio of 4 to obtain mixed peat, mixing the mixed peat and mixed cow and sheep manure according to the mass ratio of 2 to 1 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, adding a humanized HR decomposition agent organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant, wherein the mass ratio of the commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant to the mixed fertilizer is 3.
Note: in the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention, the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant in the S1 is prepared by compounding bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus coagulans, bacillus firmus and commercial organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant in the same proportion.
Field test
Test time: 2021.3-2021.7
Test site: turkey Queen district Machi town test ground of inner Mongolia
The variety of the test crop: israeli tomato R-144
The fertilizer application method comprises the following steps:
(1) The test group of tomatoes has the row spacing of 70cm, the plant spacing of 40cm and the test area of 100m 2 1.27% of organic matter in soil, 65.9mg/kg of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, 1 day of quick-acting phosphorus and 65.3 mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 99.8mg/kg of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, 1 day of quick-acting potassium and 3 months in 2021, 18 days of light indoor planting in 2021 and 3 months in 2021, 1 day of primary fertilization test area in 2021 and 2 months in 2021, applying the peat organic fertilizer of the invention, wherein the fertilizing amount is 1.6kg, and the fertilizing period is 20 days;
(2) The row spacing of the comparative group of tomatoes is 70cm, the plant spacing is 40cm, and the test area is 100m 2 1.27 percent of organic matter in soil, 65.9mg/kg of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen, 1 day of quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium, 40.3mg/kg of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen and 99.8mg/kg of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen, 1 day of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen, 18 days of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen and quick-acting potassium, 18 days of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen and alkaline-hydrolysis potassium, indoor field planting in 2021 year, 3 months and 1 day, applying a common compound fertilizer in 2021 year, 4 months and 2 days, applying the common compound fertilizer in 1.2kg of fertilizer application amount, and applying the fertilizer for 20 days.
Tomato growth and development conditions:
table 1 shows the effect of different fertilizer treatments on plant height and stem thickness of tomatoes at different times
Plant height and stem thickness are important indexes for reflecting growth vigor and weakness of plants, and as can be seen from table 1, the organic fertilizer has an insignificant promoting effect on early stages of tomato plants, but the growth advantages of test groups are gradually obvious along with growth, which shows that the organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has an important effect on promoting tomato growth.
Table 2 shows the fresh weight of stem and leaf and fresh weight of root of plants in different periods of tomato treated by different fertilizers
As can be seen from the table 2, aiming at the weights of the fresh weights of the stems and leaves and the fresh weights of the roots of the single plant fabric in different periods, the promotion effect of the organic fertilizer on the early stage of the tomato plant is not obvious, but the growth advantages of the test group are gradually obvious along with the growth, which shows that the organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has good effect on promoting the growth of the overground part of the tomato and also has positive effect on the growth of the root system of the tomato.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product: mixing herbaceous peat and woody peat according to a proportion to obtain mixed peat, adding an organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum, carrying out aerobic solid state fermentation, starting to add cow and sheep manure with the total mass of 3-5% of the initial peat every 3d after 1-6d, and carrying out aerobic solid state fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 3% -20% to obtain a peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s2, preparing a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product: adding a commercialized organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum into sheep manure or/and cow manure, performing aerobic solid state fermentation, starting to add peat 3-5% of the total mass of the initial cow manure and sheep manure every 3 days after 1-9 days, and performing aerobic solid state fermentation until the content of water-soluble humic acid is 1-10% to obtain a cow manure and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product;
s3, preparing a peat organic fertilizer: mixing the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product and the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in proportion, performing aerobic solid state fermentation, and turning over every 1-2d until the water-soluble humic acid content of the final product is 5-20% and the total humic acid content is 20-40%, thereby obtaining the peat organic fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal peat to the woody peat in the S1 is (2-4) to (6-8).
3. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water content of the peat herbal peat and the woody peat in the S1 is 40 to 50 percent.
4. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the mixed peat in the S1 is 1-5.
5. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer fermentation inoculum to the sheep manure in the S1 to the mixture of the cattle manure and the sheep manure is 1-5.
6. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the peat organic fertilizer prefabricated product to the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer prefabricated product in the S3 is 100-50.
7. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum in S2 is a commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum and is prepared by compounding various strains in macromolecular cellulose, hemicellulose, protein and starch of cattle and sheep manure, and related enzymes.
8. The preparation method of the peat organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum in the S1 is prepared by compounding bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus coagulans, bacillus firmus and commercial organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum.
Priority Applications (1)
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