CN111574303A - Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111574303A CN111574303A CN202010407712.0A CN202010407712A CN111574303A CN 111574303 A CN111574303 A CN 111574303A CN 202010407712 A CN202010407712 A CN 202010407712A CN 111574303 A CN111574303 A CN 111574303A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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Abstract
The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil improvement and comprising the following components in parts by weight: comprises the following components: 300 portions of livestock manure, 950 portions of organic fertilizer, 200 portions of microbial agent and 300 portions of fermentation auxiliary materials, wherein the fermentation auxiliary materials comprise wine tank residues, vinegar tank residues and edible fungus matrix residues; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the microbial agent with fermentation auxiliary materials to obtain a mixture; (2) mixing the rest raw materials with the mixture to obtain fermented material; (3) after aerobic fermentation, anaerobic fermentation is adopted to obtain the modifying agent; the using method comprises the following steps of mixing the modifier and the saline-alkali soil to be modified according to the volume ratio of 0.4-0.45 to obtain the modified soil. The invention can improve saline-alkali soil, promote crop growth and reduce secondary pollution to soil quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
Under the combined action of various natural environment factors and artificial activity factors, saline-alkali components begin to accumulate in soil, and the components such as salts and alkalis directly participate in the formation process of the soil, so that the content of the salts contained in the soil is large, the pH value of the soil is high, and the normal growth of crops is influenced. China is a big land for saline-alkali soil, and under the conditions that the population is continuously increased and the cultivated land area is continuously reduced, the improvement of the saline-alkali soil has very important significance.
The existing Chinese patent with reference to the publication number CN108130095A discloses a chemical modifier for saline-alkali soil with low cost and good effect and a using method thereof, wherein the chemical modifier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 to 14 percent of phosphogypsum, 7 to 9 percent of anhydrous potassium magnesium alum, 15 to 19 percent of zeolite, 12 to 16 percent of furfural residue, 8 to 12 percent of pyrite, 6 to 28 percent of industrial waste acid and 20 to 24 percent of calcium chloride.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: a large amount of calcium-containing substances are added into soil to replace sodium ions absorbed in the soil, or acid or acidic substances are added to reduce the pH of the soil to improve the soil, and a large amount of chemical substances are used to bring a plurality of substances harmful to the soil health, so that secondary pollution is easily caused, and potential harm is caused to the soil quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the saline-alkali soil conditioner which has the effects of improving saline-alkali soil, promoting the growth of crops and reducing secondary pollution to soil quality.
The second purpose is to provide a preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner, which has the effects of simple preparation, improving saline-alkali soil, promoting crop growth and reducing secondary pollution to soil quality.
The third purpose is to provide a method for using the saline-alkali soil conditioner, which has the effects of improving the saline-alkali soil, promoting the growth of crops and reducing secondary pollution to the soil quality, and is convenient to use.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the saline-alkali soil improver is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 300 portions of livestock manure, 950 portions of organic fertilizer, 200 portions of microbial agent and 300 portions of fermentation auxiliary materials, wherein the fermentation auxiliary materials comprise wine tank residues, vinegar tank residues and edible fungus matrix residues.
By adopting the technical scheme, the livestock manure is a complete-element nutritional organic fertilizer, is rich in organic matters, major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, secondary elements such as calcium and sulfur, and trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and boron, can provide organic nutrients for crop growth, improves the organic matter content of soil, can effectively reduce the volume weight of the soil, and improves the air permeability, water permeability and water retention of the soil.
The fermentation auxiliary materials are composed of wine tank residues, vinegar tank residues and edible fungus matrix residues, the wine tank residues, the vinegar tank residues and the edible fungus matrix residues contain rich crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash and nitrogen-free extract, and nutrient substances among the wine tank residues, the vinegar tank residues and the edible fungus matrix residues are matched with each other, so that comprehensive nutrient substances are improved for microorganisms in the microbial inoculant, rapid propagation of the microorganisms is promoted, and the growth speed is improved. In addition, the vinegar tank residue has high acidity, can effectively neutralize the alkalinity of soil, and improves saline-alkali soil.
The microbial agent is matched with the fermentation auxiliary materials, the fermentation auxiliary materials provide nutrient substances required by growth and propagation for microorganisms in the microbial agent and promote the rapid propagation of beneficial bacteria, so that the beneficial bacteria are promoted to ferment the livestock manure, the degradation of organic matters is promoted, the decomposition speed of the livestock manure is accelerated, the fermentation time is shortened, the livestock manure is thoroughly cured, ova and pathogenic bacteria in the livestock manure can be killed, and the condition that seedlings and roots are burned due to non-decomposition is avoided. Meanwhile, the completely cured livestock manure can eliminate odor-causing substances in the manure and reduce the pollution to the environment.
In addition, microorganisms in the microbial agent enter the soil to form a mutual symbiotic proliferation relation with microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and convert the harmful bacteria into beneficial bacteria, and have interaction and mutual promotion to play a synergistic effect among groups. A large amount of metabolites generated in the growth and reproduction process of microorganisms in the microbial agent can promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matters in livestock manure, directly or indirectly provide various nutrients and irritant substances for crops, and promote and regulate the growth of the crops. On the other hand, organic acids such as lactic acid and the like generated in the microbial metabolism process can neutralize the alkalinity of the soil, and the effect of reducing the pH value of the soil is achieved. In addition, the microorganisms in the microbial agent can inhibit the multiplication of harmful pathogenic bacteria, enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of crops, promote the root growth of the crops, reduce the disease index of the crops, and greatly relieve continuous cropping obstacles after being applied in successive years.
The organic fertilizer can provide abundant influencing elements such as a large amount of organic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, on one hand, comprehensive nutrition is provided for crops, and on the other hand, comprehensive nutrition is provided for the growth and the reproduction of microorganisms.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the raw materials also comprise 1300 parts of 900-550 parts of soil softening agent, and the soil softening agent comprises 850 parts of litsea sand 550-850 parts and 500 parts of corn straw 350-500 parts.
By adopting the technical scheme, the turf sand is reasonably doped into the soil, so that the formation of particles in the soil is facilitated, the number of particles in the saline-alkali soil is increased, the permeability of the soil is improved, and the soil absorption capacity is better improved; in addition, the volume weight of the soil can be adjusted by doping the hill-skin sand, the porosity of the soil is increased, the saline-alkali soil dehydration is facilitated, and therefore the total salt content of the soil can be reduced. In addition, the mountain skin sand is formed by weathering of rock strata on the surface of the mountain land for many years, the content of calcium carbonate is extremely low due to rain wash for many years, the mountain skin sand is loose in structure, and the pH value of the soil cannot be increased while the viscosity of the soil is improved by adding the mountain skin sand.
The addition of the corn straws can increase the porosity of the soil, reduce the density of the soil, enhance the permeability of the soil and improve the physical properties of the soil; meanwhile, the corn straws are rich in cellulose, lignin and other organic matters, so that the physical properties of the soil are improved, the organic matters of the soil can be improved, and the soil fertility is enhanced.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the weight ratio of the litsea cubeba sand to the corn straws is 1.5-2.0.
By adopting the technical scheme, the permeability of the soil can be obviously improved by the cooperation and synergistic effect of the mountain skin sand and the corn straws, and then the growth of crop roots is promoted. Tests show that when the ratio of the litsea cubeba to the corn stalks is 1.5-2.0, the effect of improving the soil permeability is better.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the raw material also comprises 500 portions of 300-5 portions of humic acid.
By adopting the technical scheme, the humic acid is remains of animals and plants, mainly remains of plants, and organic substances which are generated and accumulated through a series of processes of decomposition and transformation of microorganisms and geochemistry, can improve organic matters of soil, improve soil, increase fertilizer efficiency of soil, and has a better promotion effect on growth of crop roots. In addition, humic acid substances contain various functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, alcoholic hydroxyl group and the like, and can neutralize alkali in soil to reduce the pH value of the soil.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the microbial agent comprises EM strain and bacillus subtilis, and the weight ratio of the EM strain to the bacillus subtilis is 150-200.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, bacillus subtilis can produce the spore under adverse circumstances, and the tolerance is extremely strong, easily survives, and under the duress of salinity, bacillus subtilis can promote the absorption of crop to mineral nutrient composition, with other biological synergism of crop root system, improves soil aggregate structure.
The EM strain and actinomycetes in the soil are symbiotically co-cultured, so that the soil fertility is improved, amino acid, saccharide, vitamin and the like can be synthesized, on one hand, nutrients can be provided for crops, on the other hand, nutrient substances can be provided for the bacillus subtilis, and the production and propagation of the bacillus subtilis are increased.
The EM strain and the bacillus subtilis have synergistic effect, on one hand, the rapid fermentation of the livestock manure is promoted, worm eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the livestock manure are killed, the condition that seedlings burn and roots due to non-decomposition is avoided, and simultaneously, the EM strain, the bacillus subtilis and other microorganisms of crop root systems have synergistic effect, and the soil aggregate structure is improved. Experiments show that when the weight ratio of the EM strain to the bacillus subtilis is 150-200, the microbial agent has a good fermentation effect on the livestock manure, and meanwhile, the soil improvement effect is good.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the beneficial total bacteria number of the EM strain is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the livestock manure is sheep manure.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sheep manure contains 24-27% of organic matters, 0.7-0.8% of nitrogen elements, 0.45-0.6% of phosphorus elements and 0.4-0.5% of potassium elements. The sheep manure is fine in dung, thick in fertilizer, high in fiber content, loose and porous, belongs to a thermal fertilizer, is high in fermentation speed, forms a good organic fertilizer after fermentation, can improve soil quality, prevents soil hardening, and is good in economic value.
Purpose two: the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil improver comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing a microbial agent and a fermentation auxiliary material to obtain a mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing the rest raw materials with the mixture obtained in the step (1) to obtain a fermented material;
(3) and (3) carrying out aerobic fermentation on the fermentation material until the temperature reaches 43-48 ℃, and then carrying out anaerobic fermentation until no odor is emitted to obtain the modifying agent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, mix microbial inoculum earlier with the fermentation auxiliary material, make microbial inoculum and fermentation auxiliary material mix more evenly on the one hand, on the other hand, the fermentation auxiliary material provides sufficient nutrient substance for the microbial inoculum for the microorganism in the microbial inoculum grows the reproduction fast, improves bacterial quantity, then can the quick start fermentation after mixing mixture and other raw materials, improves fermentation efficiency, and makes the raw materials thoroughly decomposed.
The third purpose is that: the application method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
the modifier and the saline-alkali soil to be modified are mixed according to the volume ratio of 0.4-0.45 to obtain the modified soil.
By adopting the technical scheme, the improved soil can be obtained after the modifier and the saline-alkali soil are directly mixed according to the proportion of 0.4-0.45, and the application method is simple and easy to implement and has strong operability.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the microbial agent rapidly grows and breeds under the action of the fermentation auxiliary materials, a large amount of metabolites are generated in the microbial growth and breeding process, the decomposition and conversion of organic matters in the livestock manure are promoted, the livestock manure is fermented and cured, and the phenomena of seedling burning and root burning are avoided; meanwhile, organic acids such as lactic acid and the like generated in the microbial metabolism process can neutralize the alkalinity of the soil, so that the effect of reducing the pH value of the soil is achieved. In addition, microorganisms in the microbial agent enter the soil to form a symbiotic proliferation relationship with microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and convert the harmful bacteria into beneficial bacteria, and the microorganisms interact and mutually promote the growth of the beneficial bacteria to play a role in the synergy among groups, improve the soil fertility and promote the growth of crops. The livestock manure is adopted as the main raw material, the raw material is sufficient, the price is low, the livestock manure is subjected to harmless treatment and resource utilization, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. The modifier reduces the addition of chemical substances, and reduces the pollution of the chemical substances to the soil, thereby avoiding secondary pollution to the soil.
2. The permeability of the soil is effectively improved, the porosity of the soil is increased, and the hardened condition of the soil is reduced under the synergistic action of the hill-skin sand and the corn straws, so that the growth of crop roots is promoted.
3. The addition of the humic acid improves the organic matter of the soil, increases the fertilizer efficiency of the soil, promotes the root growth of crops, and meanwhile, the humic acid neutralizes alkali in the soil, reduces the pH value of the soil, and has a good improvement effect on the saline-alkali soil.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the following examples and comparative examples,
the livestock manure is sheep manure which is purchased from Wuzhai county Kangbao production data Jingzhen;
the EM strain and the bacillus subtilis are purchased from Kangwo agricultural data journal of Wuzhai county, the beneficial total bacteria number of the EM strain is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
The mountain skin sand is purchased from Seikagana (Tianjin) landscaping engineering Co., Ltd.
The humic acid is purchased from Kangwo agricultural data of Wuzhai county, and the purity of the humic acid is 95 percent;
example 1
A saline-alkali soil modifier is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing 200 parts of microbial agent and 100 parts of fermentation auxiliary material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing 300 parts of livestock manure and 600 parts of organic fertilizer with the mixture obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material;
(3) carrying out aerobic fermentation on the fermentation material in the step (2) until the temperature reaches 43 ℃, then overturning, stacking and compacting, sealing by using a plastic film, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 25 ℃ until no odor is emitted to obtain a modifying agent;
the using method of the modifier prepared by the method comprises the following steps:
the modifier and the saline-alkali soil to be modified are mixed according to the volume ratio of 0.4 to obtain the modified soil.
Example 2
A saline-alkali soil modifier is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing 250 parts of microbial agent and 200 parts of fermentation auxiliary material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(2) 375 parts of livestock manure and 775 parts of organic fertilizer are mixed with the mixture in the step (1) and stirred evenly to obtain a fermented material;
(3) carrying out aerobic fermentation on the fermentation material in the step (2) until the temperature reaches 45 ℃, then overturning, stacking and compacting, sealing by using a plastic film, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 25 ℃ until no odor is emitted to obtain a modifier;
the using method of the modifier prepared by the method comprises the following steps:
the modifier and the saline-alkali soil to be modified are mixed according to the volume ratio of 0.42 to obtain the modified soil.
Example 3
A saline-alkali soil modifier is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing 300 parts of microbial agent and 300 parts of fermentation auxiliary material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(2) mixing 450 parts of livestock manure and 950 parts of organic fertilizer with the mixture obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material;
(3) carrying out aerobic fermentation on the fermentation material in the step (2) until the temperature reaches 48 ℃, then overturning, stacking and compacting, sealing by using a plastic film, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 25 ℃ until no odor is emitted to obtain a modifier;
the using method of the modifier prepared by the method comprises the following steps:
the modifier and the saline-alkali soil to be modified are mixed according to the volume ratio of 0.45 to obtain the modified soil.
Example 4
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 2 in that 900 parts of a soil softening agent is further added in the step (2), wherein the soil softening agent comprises 550 parts of mountain sand and 350 parts of corn stalks.
Example 5
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 2 in that 1100 parts of a soil softening agent comprising 650 parts of hill sand and 450 parts of corn stover is further added in step (2).
Example 6
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 2 in that 1300 parts of a soil softening agent comprising 800 parts of mountain sand and 500 parts of corn stover is further added in step (2).
Example 7
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 5 in that the soil softening agent added in step (2) comprises 660 parts of hill-skin sand and 440 parts of corn stover, i.e., the weight ratio between the hill-skin sand and the corn stover is 1.5.
Example 8
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 5 in that the soil softening agent added in step (2) comprises 700 parts of hill-skin sand and 400 parts of corn stover, i.e., the weight ratio between the hill-skin sand and the corn stover is 1.75.
Example 9
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 5 in that the soil softening agent added in step (2) comprises 734 parts of hill-skin sand and 366 parts of corn stover, i.e. the weight ratio between hill-skin sand and corn stover is 2.
Example 10
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 2 in that 300 parts of humic acid is further added in step (2).
Example 11
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 2 in that 400 parts of humic acid is further added in step (2).
Example 12
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is different from example 2 in that 500 parts of humic acid is further added in step (2).
Example 13
A saline-alkali soil improver, which is different from example 2 in that the microbial agent comprises 248.35 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1.65 parts of EM strain, namely the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM strain is 150.
Example 14
A saline-alkali soil improver, which is different from example 2 in that the microbial agent comprises 248.28 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1.42 parts of EM species, namely the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM species is 175.
Example 15
A saline-alkali soil improver, which is different from example 2 in that the microbial agent comprises 248.76 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1.24 parts of EM strain, namely the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM strain is 200.
Comparative example 1
A saline-alkali soil conditioner is different from the saline-alkali soil conditioner in example 8 in that the soil softening agent is added, wherein the soil softening agent comprises 550 parts of hill-skin sand and 550 parts of corn stalks, and the weight ratio of the hill-skin sand to the corn stalks is 1.0.
Comparative example 2
A saline-alkali soil conditioner is different from the saline-alkali soil conditioner in example 5 in that the soil softening agent is added, wherein the soil softening agent comprises 786 parts of hill-skin sand and 314 parts of corn stalks, and the weight ratio of the hill-skin sand to the corn stalks is 2.5.
Comparative example 3
A saline-alkali soil improver, which is different from the saline-alkali soil improver in example 2 in that the microbial agent comprises 247.53 parts of bacillus subtilis and 2.47 parts of EM (effective microorganism) strain, namely the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM strain is 100.
Comparative example 4
A saline-alkali soil improver, which is different from example 2 in that the microbial agent comprises 249.17 parts of bacillus subtilis and 0.83 parts of EM strain, namely the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM strain is 300.
Comparative example 5
A commercially available saline-alkali soil modifier.
Planting experiment
2000 sunflower seeds of SH361 (black) variety with uniform size and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected, the 2000 sunflower seeds are averagely divided into 20 groups, and the saline-alkali soil improved by the conditioner in the examples 1-15 and the comparative examples 1-5 is respectively adopted for planting.
The specific planting method comprises the following steps: one week before sunflower sowing, the modifying agents prepared in examples 1-15 and comparative examples 1-5 and saline-alkali soil were mixed in a volume ratio of 0.42, respectively, and stirred uniformly to obtain 20 groups of modified soil, then 20 groups of sunflower seeds were planted in the 20 groups of modified soil, respectively, and after 30 days, the emergence rate and seedling rate of the sunflowers were observed, and the results are shown in table 1; wherein the rate of emergence = (number of seedlings emerged ÷ number of plants) × 100%.
TABLE 1 planting test results
| Test items | Number of emerged seedlings | Rate of emergence (%) | Number of adult seedlings (plant) | Percent seedling rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 91 | 91% | 88 | 88% |
| Example 2 | 92 | 92% | 89 | 89% |
| Example 3 | 90 | 90% | 87 | 87% |
| Example 4 | 95 | 95% | 92 | 92% |
| Example 5 | 96 | 96% | 93 | 93% |
| Example 6 | 94 | 94% | 91 | 91% |
| Example 7 | 96 | 96% | 94 | 94% |
| Example 8 | 98 | 98% | 96 | 96% |
| Example 9 | 97 | 97% | 95 | 95% |
| Example 10 | 96 | 96% | 93 | 93% |
| Example 11 | 97 | 97% | 94 | 94% |
| Example 12 | 95 | 95% | 92 | 92% |
| Example 13 | 96 | 96% | 93 | 93% |
| Example 14 | 98 | 98% | 95 | 95% |
| Example 15 | 97 | 97% | 94 | 94% |
| Comparative example 1 | 92 | 92% | 89 | 89% |
| Comparative example 2 | 93 | 93% | 90 | 90% |
| Comparative example 3 | 93 | 93% | 90 | 90% |
| Comparative example 4 | 94 | 94% | 91 | 91% |
| Comparative example 5 | 85 | 85% | 82 | 82% |
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative example 5, the emergence rate and survival rate of sunflowers planted in soil improved by the conditioner prepared in examples 1-15 and comparative examples 1-4 are both obviously improved, which shows that the conditioner of the invention has scientific and reasonable proportioning, can effectively improve saline-alkali soil, provide abundant nutrient substances for crops, promote the growth of the crops, and can reduce the occurrence of diseases of the crops and improve the seedling rate of the crops by using eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the soil. Meanwhile, the modifier reduces the addition of chemical substances, and reduces the pollution of the chemical substances to the soil, thereby avoiding secondary pollution to the soil.
It can be seen by combining examples 4-6 with example 2 that the emergence rate and the seedling rate of examples 4-6 are higher than those of example 2, which shows that the addition of the soil softening agent can further improve the structure of soil and increase the permeability of soil, thereby helping crops absorb nutrients in soil and increasing the emergence rate and the seedling rate of crops.
It can be seen by combining examples 7-9, examples 4-6 and comparative examples 1-2 that the emergence rate and the seedling rate of examples 4-9 are both higher than those of comparative examples 1-2, and the emergence rate and the seedling rate of examples 7-9 are higher than those of examples 4-6, which shows that the improvement effect on the structure and permeability of soil is better when the weight ratio of the hill-skin sand to the corn stalks is 1.5-2.0, thereby being beneficial to the absorption of nutrients in the soil by crops and the promotion of the growth of the crops.
Combining examples 10-12 with example 2, it can be seen that the emergence rate and the seedling rate of examples 10-12 are higher than those of example 2, which shows that the addition of humic acid improves organic matters in soil, increases the fertilizer efficiency of soil, promotes root growth of crops, and neutralizes alkali in soil, reduces pH value, and provides good growth environment for crops.
It can be seen by combining examples 13-15 with example 2 and comparative examples 3-4 that the emergence rate and the seedling rate of examples 13-15 are higher than those of examples 2 and comparative examples 3-4, which shows that when the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM strain is 150-.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The saline-alkali soil improver is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 300 portions of livestock manure, 950 portions of organic fertilizer, 200 portions of microbial agent and 300 portions of fermentation auxiliary materials, wherein the fermentation auxiliary materials comprise wine tank residues, vinegar tank residues and edible fungus matrix residues.
2. The saline-alkali soil improving agent according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials also comprise 1300 parts of 900-part soil softening agent, and the soil softening agent comprises 800 parts of 550-part litsea sand and 500 parts of 350-part corn straw.
3. The saline-alkali soil amendment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the litsea cubeba sand to the corn straws is 1.5-2.0.
4. The saline-alkali soil improving agent according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material also comprises 500 portions of 300-5 portions of humic acid.
5. The saline-alkali soil improving agent according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and EM (effective microorganism) strains, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the EM strains is 150-.
6. The saline-alkali soil amendment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the beneficial total bacteria number of the EM strain is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
7. The saline-alkali soil improving agent according to claim 1, wherein: the livestock manure is sheep manure.
8. A method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing a microbial agent and a fermentation auxiliary material to obtain a mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing the rest raw materials with the mixture obtained in the step (1) to obtain a fermented material;
(3) and (3) carrying out aerobic fermentation on the fermentation material in the step (2) until the temperature reaches 43-48 ℃, and then carrying out anaerobic fermentation until no odor is emitted to obtain the modifying agent.
9. A method of using the saline-alkali earth improver obtained by the preparation method according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the steps of: the modifier and the saline-alkali soil to be modified are mixed according to the volume ratio of 0.4-0.45 to obtain the modified soil.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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