CN115735588A - Method for improving longan and litchi interactive grafting survival rate - Google Patents
Method for improving longan and litchi interactive grafting survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115735588A CN115735588A CN202211403524.6A CN202211403524A CN115735588A CN 115735588 A CN115735588 A CN 115735588A CN 202211403524 A CN202211403524 A CN 202211403524A CN 115735588 A CN115735588 A CN 115735588A
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- 240000001008 Dimocarpus longan Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000000235 Euphoria longan Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 244000183278 Nephelium litchi Species 0.000 title abstract description 65
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HFCYZXMHUIHAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thidiazuron Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)NC1=CN=NS1 HFCYZXMHUIHAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001093760 Sapindaceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001629511 Litchi Species 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 235000015742 Nephelium litchi Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000723347 Cinnamomum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000000525 Dimocarpus longan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving interactive grafting survival rate of longan and litchi, which comprises the following steps: and (3) after soaking the scion in the mixed solution of alpha-naphthylacetic acid and thidiazuron, inserting the scion into the cut of the stock, and aligning and jointing the stock and the cambium of the scion. The method can overcome the problem of low survival rate of longan and litchi in the prior art, remarkably improve the grafting survival rate of longan and litchi, really realize the successful grafting of litchi and longan, and provide favorable technical support for further improving the maturation period, quality or stress resistance of the litchi and longan in the follow-up process and for distant grafting hybridization of the litchi and longan. Moreover, the reagent for improving the longan and litchi interconnection has simple proportioning components and required preparation conditions, can be suitable for normal orchard operation, has low requirement on the professional performance of personnel, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting, and particularly relates to a method for improving interactive grafting survival rate of longan and litchi.
Background
Grafting is one of the modes of asexual propagation of fruit trees, namely, a part of organs (branches or buds) on a good variety of plants is adopted and is connected to a proper part on another plant, and the combined parts gradually heal and grow together to finally grow into a new plant. The fruit tree grafting technology is an important method for modifying low-yield orchards and improving inferior varieties at present. Because the stock of the grafted seedling is usually a local wild type or has strong growth potential and strong stress resistance, and the scion is usually a cultivation variety with excellent properties, the grafting technology is widely applied to the production and breeding of high-quality fruit tree seedlings. The grafting also has the characteristic of promoting the fruit trees to bloom and bear fruits in advance, the scions collected on adult fruit trees are grafted on the rootstocks, and the branches after the scions survive have the development characteristic of adult trees, so that the scions can bloom and bear fruits in advance. In addition, like ring-peeling, the grafting can block the conducting tissue in the plant body, and is beneficial to the accumulation of nutrient substances on the overground part, thereby promoting early flowering and fruiting.
Distant grafting refers to the grafting of plants of different species, genera or more distant relatives in plant taxonomy, especially the grafting of plants in different families, and is one of the important channels for creating new species. Distant grafting is an important component of grafting technology research, and successful distant grafting plays an important role in the aspects of improving the ornamental value and yield of plants, improving quality, breeding practice and the like. However, in the related art, most distant grafting is difficult to realize due to grafting incompatibility, and how to overcome the grafting incompatibility by improving an operation method becomes a difficult problem in grafting research.
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) and Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) belong to the same Sapindaceae but belong to the genus longan and Litchi respectively. In the related technology and practical production, the interactive grafting combination in the longan and the litchi shows a high incompatibility phenomenon, and particularly when the longan is used as a scion and the litchi is used as a stock, the grafting survival rate is extremely low, and no successful case report exists at present. Therefore, the method capable of effectively improving the survival rate of the mutual grafting of the litchi and the longan is developed, the successful grafting of the litchi and the longan is realized, and the method provides favorable technical support for further improving the maturation period, the quality or the stress resistance of the litchi and the longan in the follow-up process and for the distant grafting hybridization of the litchi and the longan.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the method for improving the interactive grafting survival rate of the longan and the litchi can obviously improve the interactive grafting survival rate of the longan and the litchi, realize the successful grafting of the litchi and the longan, and provide favorable technical support for further improving the maturation stage, the quality or the stress resistance of the litchi and the longan in the follow-up process and providing distant grafting hybridization of the litchi and the longan.
The invention provides a method for improving interactive grafting survival rate of longan and litchi, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) after soaking the scion in the mixed solution of alpha-naphthylacetic acid and thidiazuron, inserting the scion into the cut of the stock, and aligning and jointing the stock and the cambium of the scion.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the α -naphthylacetic acid and thidiazuron in the mixed solution is 3 to 5.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the α -naphthylacetic acid and thidiazuron are present in a mass ratio of 4:2.
in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass concentration of the α -naphthylacetic acid in the mixed solution is 3 to 5mg/kg.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the alpha-naphthylacetic acid has a mass concentration of 4mg/kg in the mixed solution.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of thidiazuron in the mixed solution is 1 to 3mg/kg by mass.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of thidiazuron in the mixed solution is 2mg/kg.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thidiazuron and the alpha-naphthylacetic acid are both used dissolved in water, i.e., 3 to 5mg NAA and 1 to 3mg TDZ are added per kg water.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thidiazuron and the alpha-naphthylacetic acid are both used dissolved in water, i.e. 4mg NAA and 2mg TDZ are added per kg water.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the rootstock is one of litchi and longan, and the scion is the other of litchi and longan.
In some embodiments of the invention, the rootstock has a growth cycle of 2 to 5 years.
In some embodiments of the invention, the rootstock is a sapling with a growth cycle of 2 years or a mature tree with a growth cycle of 5 years.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the rootstock is a sapling with a 2 year growth cycle.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the selection criteria for the scion are: the last autumn tip of the top tip leaf aged is sunny, full in bud eyes, not germinated or just germinated on the middle-upper part of the periphery of the crown of the mother tree.
In some embodiments of the invention, the scion leaves 2 to 3 full leaf buds.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cut length is 3 to 5cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cut length is 4cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the soaking time is 50s to 90s.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the soaking time is 60s.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method is specifically:
cutting each scion into 3-5 cm small sections after leaving 2-3 full leaf buds, cutting the lower part of each scion into a wedge shape with the angle of 20-25 degrees, soaking the cut scions in a mixed solution of NAA and TDZ for 50-90 s, cutting the top of each straight part of a stock branch, cutting a joint with a xylem vertically downwards on one side, wherein the length of the joint is 2-3 cm, and inserting the long section of each scion into the cut of the stock to ensure that the stock is aligned and jointed with a cambium of each scion; wrapping the incision and the scion.
In a second aspect of the invention, the method of the first aspect of the invention is applied to fruit tree distant grafting.
According to a second aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the fruit tree is a sapindaceae fruit tree.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fruit tree distant grafting is longan and litchi alternate grafting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method can overcome the problem of low survival rate of longan and litchi in the prior art, remarkably improve the grafting survival rate of longan and litchi, really realize the successful grafting of litchi and longan, and provide favorable technical support for further improving the maturation period, quality or stress resistance of the litchi and longan in the follow-up process and for distant grafting hybridization of the litchi and longan.
2. The reagent for improving the longan and litchi interconnection has simple proportioning components and required preparation conditions, can be suitable for normal orchard operation, has low requirement on the professional performance of personnel, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
3. The method has the advantages of simple treatment, quick response and obvious effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the growth conditions of longan/litchi and litchi/longan after grafting for 10 days and 40 days.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The experimental materials and reagents used are, unless otherwise specified, all consumables and reagents which are conventionally available from commercial sources.
Longan and litchi interactive grafting method
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Selection of rootstock varieties:
in this example, the stock is a seedling of a litchi or a Shixia longan with a 2-year growth cycle, or a 5-year old litchi or Shixia longan is selected.
(2) Selection of scions:
the strong Shixia longan or Guiwei litchi tree is selected as the mother tree for the scion (when the stock is litchi, the longan is selected as the scion, and vice versa). The selection criteria of the scions were: the last autumn tip of the top tip leaf aged which is sunny, full in bud eyes, not germinated or just germinated and is near to the middle-upper part of the periphery of the crown of the mother tree is used as the scion.
(3) And (3) scion treatment:
after selecting the scions according to the step (2), cutting each scion into small sections of about 4cm after leaving 2-3 plump leaf buds, cutting the lower part of the scion into wedges of about 22 degrees by using a grafting knife, and soaking the cut scions in a mixed solution of NAA (alpha-naphthylacetic acid) and TDZ (thidiazuron) for 1 minute. Wherein, the mass concentration of NAA in the mixed solution is 4mg/kg, and the mass concentration of TDZ is 2mg/kg (namely, 4mg NAA and 2mg TDZ are added into each kg of water).
(4) Grafting:
in this embodiment, the grafting method adopts a cut-grafting method, which specifically comprises the following operations:
(1) opening an interface:
the grafting opening of the stock is selected at the straight part of the branch, the top is firstly cut, after the cutting opening is flattened by a grafting knife, a wood cutting knife is vertically arranged downwards at one side, and the length of the cut is about 2-3 cm.
(2) Jointing and binding:
the long section of the scion is inward (the long section faces the rootstock), and the scion is inserted into the incision of the rootstock, so that the rootstock is aligned and jointed with the cambium of the scion. If the stock section is larger than the scion section, at least one cambium on one side is aligned. In general, it is recommended that the layers on both sides of the interface be bonded in alignment. Finally, the cut and the scion are wrapped by a film to avoid water loss.
Example 1 grafting of longan (scion) and Guiwei litchi (stock)
Grafting is carried out according to the steps in the embodiment, and in the embodiment, the stock is the osmanthus-flavored lychee with the growth cycle of 5 years. The grafting is characterized in that the strong Shixia longan is selected as a mother tree, and the last autumn shoot of the top tip leaves which are sunny, full in bud eyes, not germinated or just germinated and are mature on the periphery of the crown of the mother tree is selected as the grafting.
Grafting by a cutting grafting method according to the steps in the embodiment on 25/2/2022, and grafting 10 buds on the cinnamomum burmanii respectively in a high grafting manner. Meanwhile, blank controls were set (no NAA and TDZ treatment). The survival rate was counted starting at 3 months and 10 days in 2022, and was counted every 10 days.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 grafting survival rates of Shixia longan (scion) and Guiwei litchi (stock)
It can be found that the method in the above embodiment can stabilize the success rate of grafting the Shixia longan (scion) and the osmanthus litchi (rootstock) at about 30%, while the success rate of grafting the untreated Shixia longan (scion) and the osmanthus litchi (rootstock) is only 10%.
Example 2 grafting of Osmanthus litchi (scion) and Shixia longan (stock)
The grafting is carried out according to the steps in the embodiment, and in the embodiment, the rootstock is Shixia longan with the growth cycle of 5 years. Selecting strong osmanthus-flavored lychees as parent trees, and selecting the last autumn tips of the mature top tip leaves which are exposed to the sun, have full bud eyes, do not sprout or just sprout on the middle upper parts of the peripheries of crown parts of the parent trees as the scions.
On 25/2/2022, the above examples were grafted by cutting grafting, and 10 shoots were grafted on Shixia longan via top grafting. Meanwhile, blank controls (no NAA and TDZ treatment) were set. The survival rate was counted starting at 3 months and 10 days in 2022, and was counted every 10 days.
The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 grafting survival rate of Guiwei litchi (scion) and Shixia longan (stock)
It can be found that the method in the above embodiment can stabilize the success rate of grafting cinnamomum lychee (scion) and Shixia longan (stock) at about 20%, while the success rate of grafting untreated cinnamomum lychee (scion) and Shixia longan (stock) is 0.
Example 3: grafting of Shixia longan and osmanthus litchi
According to the steps in the embodiment, grafting is carried out, in the embodiment, the stock is a osmanthus-flavored litchi seedling with the growth cycle of 2 years, the scion selects a gorge longan with strong growth as a mother tree, and the last autumn shoot of the top tip leaf aged before or just after budding, with the middle upper part of the periphery of the crown, exposed to the sun, full bud eyes, and no budding, on the mother tree is selected as the scion.
Grafting by a cutting grafting method according to the steps in the embodiment on 25/2/2022, and grafting 10 buds on the osmanthus-flavored litchi seedlings in a high grafting manner. Meanwhile, blank controls (no NAA and TDZ treatment) were set. The survival rate was counted starting at 3 months and 10 days in 2022, and was counted every 10 days.
The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 grafting survival rate of Shixia longan (scion) and Guiwei litchi (stock)
It can be found that the method in the above embodiment can stabilize the success rate of grafting the Shixia longan (scion) and the Guiwei litchi (stock) to be about 40%, while the success rate of grafting the untreated Shixia longan (scion) and the Guiwei litchi (stock) is only 20%.
Example 4: grafting of osmanthus-flavored lychees (scions) and Shixia longans (stocks)
According to the steps in the embodiment, the grafting is carried out, in the embodiment, the stock is a Shixia longan seedling with the growth cycle of 2 years, the scion selects robustly growing Osmanthus-flavored lychees as a mother tree, and the last autumn tip of the top tip leaf aged, which is in the middle-upper part of the periphery of the crown, faces the sun, has plump eyes, does not sprout or just sprouts on the mother tree, is selected as the scion.
On 25/2/2022, the cutting grafting method is carried out according to the steps in the above examples, and 10 buds are grafted on the Shixia longan seedlings respectively in a high grafting manner. Meanwhile, blank controls were set (no NAA and TDZ treatment). The survival rate was counted at 10 days 3/10 in 2022, and was counted every 10 days.
The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 grafting survival rate of Guiwei litchi (scion) and Shixia longan (stock)
It can be found that the method in the above embodiment can stabilize the success rate of grafting cinnamomum lychee (scion) and Shixia longan (stock) at about 50%, while the success rate of grafting untreated cinnamomum lychee (scion) and Shixia longan (stock) is only 10%.
The real pictures of the grafting cases in examples 1 to 4 are shown in FIG. 1.
In conclusion, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can obviously improve the survival rate of the longan and litchi in mutual grafting, and is simple, the related reagents are rapid and simple to prepare, and the time consumption is not increased compared with the common grafting method. The grafting and inoculation method for the litchi and the longan has important application value for subsequent researches on flowering phase regulation, grafting physiology and the like of the longan and the litchi.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving longan litchi alternate grafting survival rate comprises the following steps:
and (3) soaking the scion in a mixed solution of alpha-naphthylacetic acid and thidiazuron, inserting the scion into the cut of the stock, and aligning and jointing the cambium of the stock and the scion.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the α -naphthylacetic acid to thidiazuron in the mixed solution is 3 to 5.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the α -naphthylacetic acid in the mixed solution is 3 to 5mg/kg.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration by mass of thidiazuron in the mixed solution is 1 to 3mg/kg.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rootstock is one of litchi and longan, the scion is the other of litchi and longan, and the growth cycle of the rootstock is 2-5 years.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criteria for the scion are: the last autumn tip of the top tip leaf aged is sunny, full in bud eyes, not germinated or just germinated on the middle-upper part of the periphery of the crown of the mother tree.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the scion leaves 2 to 3 filled leaf buds with a cut length of 3 to 5cm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the soaking time is 50s to 90s.
9. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for distant grafting of fruit trees.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the fruit tree is a sapindaceae fruit tree.
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| US20200275612A1 (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-09-03 | Gradilis Recherche Sarl | Nursery fruit tree of at least double trunk type |
| CN113271780A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-08-17 | Fmc公司 | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FCC1256 composition and method for controlling plant pathogens |
| CN114287342A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-08 | 华南农业大学 | Method suitable for inducing young shoots and leaf calluses of various mulberry varieties |
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2022
- 2022-11-10 CN CN202211403524.6A patent/CN115735588B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003023862A (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-01-28 | Masaharu Hirama | Improved blueberry tree, and method for producing and growing the same |
| CN102597237A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-07-18 | 巴斯夫植物科学有限公司 | Plant promoter operable in basal endosperm transfer layer of endosperm and uses thereof |
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| US20200275612A1 (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-09-03 | Gradilis Recherche Sarl | Nursery fruit tree of at least double trunk type |
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