CN103461008A - Top budding method for Tung-oil trees - Google Patents
Top budding method for Tung-oil trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461008A CN103461008A CN2013103986840A CN201310398684A CN103461008A CN 103461008 A CN103461008 A CN 103461008A CN 2013103986840 A CN2013103986840 A CN 2013103986840A CN 201310398684 A CN201310398684 A CN 201310398684A CN 103461008 A CN103461008 A CN 103461008A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a top budding method for Tung-oil trees for filling the gap of top budding in Tung trees. The method includes: selecting a high-yield high-oil-content Tung-oil species to make scions in mid-February to late March in spring or in early September to October in autumn, at the daily average temperature of 20+/-3 DEG C. The Tung-oil species is improved fast by T-budding, so that fruit setting rate and yield of Tung-oil trees can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant propagation technical field, in particular, relate to the high-order budding method of a kind of tung oil tree.
Background technology
Tung oil tree is Chinese distinctive nonwood forest trees, and it and oil tea, walnut, Chinese tallow tree also claim China four large traditional oil tree, are also the important species of China's Developing Biomass Energy Industry.The research of tung tree at present mostly relates to the content of extract preparation, breeding cultivation etc. aspect.Tung tree is with a long history China, no matter is virgin forest or newly-built woods, all begins to take shape.But as raw material production intensive, scale, one of crucial direction that after improving the quality in forest land and output and will being, tung tree be studied.Grafting, as a kind of effective technology of breed improvement, can be changed improved seeds under the prerequisite of not damaging original tung tree forest land, shortens improvement time, improves the forest land benefit.
At present graft technology is widely used on the conventional crop such as fruit tree, vegetables, horticultural crop and persimmon sapling, but has no report on tung tree.The present invention is applied to routine techniques on tung tree with innovating, realizes the breed improvement of tung tree.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, the high-order budding method of a kind of tung oil tree is provided, and the quick improvement that can be the tung tree kind provides a kind of effective way.
In the high-order budding method of tung oil tree of the present invention, described high-order budding method comprises following three steps,
(1) selection of bud grafting time and scion
The early September in the mid-February that the bud grafting time is spring to late March or autumn, a day samming was to carry out in 20 ℃ ± 3 o'clock to October; Tung tree lignification or the semi-lignified branch of excellent material selected in scion, and stock selects to need the tung tree of transformation;
(2) bud grafting operation
Get and budder: get the front 5-7 days bleaching fluids with 5PPM of buddering and be sprayed at disinfection on the tung tree kind branch of choosing high yield, use grafting knife horizontal partial application of 1.0-1.5cm above the bud position while getting bud, deeply reach xylem, the oblique partial application of 1.0-1.5cm below the bud position, intersect with the edge of a knife of crosscut, take off wedge shape bud sheet;
Cut-grafting mouth: at the disconnected anvil in the upper annual growth point place of stock, all the other branches remove, wait after disconnected anvil and within 5-10 minute, treat that milk flows to end and wiped clean, from the disconnected anvil 15-20cm of place, select the stock Smooth without wound, cut a T font otch with grafting knife and deeply reach xylem, described T font otch comprises a transverse incision and a perpendicular otch, and described transverse incision length is 1.5-2.5cm, described perpendicular otch 2.5-4.5cm;
In conjunction with and bondage: separate the cortex of being combined with the stock xylem in described perpendicular otch both sides, will be described wedge shape bud sheet use the film bundle interface after inserting interface, film 1-3 layer, bud is exposed on the external;
(3) connect rear management
Bud grafting has operated rear spray 5-10PPM bleaching fluid, every spray in 7-10 days, once prevents the insects medicine, checks the situation that survives, and finding not survive should be at once in the reclosing of the stock back side.
In the high-order budding method of tung oil tree of the present invention, during described bud grafting operation, be sunny weather.
In the high-order budding method of tung oil tree of the present invention, take as the tung tree of stock that to cultivate the tree type be purpose.
In the high-order budding method of tung oil tree of the present invention, described buddering as enriching full bud in the branch stage casing.
The invention has the advantages that: the blank of having filled up the high-order bud grafting of tung tree, due to problems such as the tung oil tree branch are high, kind is uneven, the seed selection difficulty is large, make the tung oil tree grafting that report not arranged, the present invention screens by large tracts of land, the tung oil tree seeds that seed selection output is high, oil content is high, then cultivate improved seeds in nursery lot, then carry out the high-order bud grafting of tung oil tree, thereby improve tung oil tree fruit-setting rate and output.
Embodiment
Below will the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention be clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making under the creative work prerequisite the every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
1, the selection of bud grafting time and scion
The early September in the mid-February that the bud grafting time is spring to late March or autumn, a day samming was to carry out in 20 ℃ ± 3 o'clock to October; Tung tree lignification or the semi-lignified branch of excellent material selected in scion, and stock selects to need the tung tree of transformation.The preferred bud grafting time is to be fine day on the bud grafting same day and 2-3 days subsequently.The tung tree excellent material is the geography superiority improved seeds after repeatedly screening again, and objective trait is stable, and survival rate is high, result is many.Special needs to be pointed out is, the good time of autumnbudding GPRS, the bud grafting time can not be early than early September, at this time not only budder full not, stock is also in vigorous period, the cylinder accumulation nutrient is less, and bud take is low, even bud grafting survives when passing the winter then, also easily is subject to freeze injury and necrosis; If the bud grafting time was delayed to October, cortex and layer of wood are fitted closely, while peeling off cortex, can shine into than major injury tissue, and not only operation at that time is relatively difficult, after bud grafting, heals more difficult, and survival rate is low.
, before grafting, the tree of getting scion and the tree of doing stock are not pruned with interior at least one week simultaneously, otherwise trees enter the repair process of wound, can be made bark be difficult to peel off.
2, bud grafting operation
Get and budder: before getting bud, the 5-7 days bleaching fluids with 5-10PPM are sprayed at disinfection on the tung tree kind fringe bar of choosing high yield, the bud of choosing should be full, disease-free insect pest, be preferably the branch stage casing and enrich full bud, and the tender shoots of upper end and the kryptoblast of lower end all should not adopt.Simultaneously, bud sheet size is suitable, and the bud sheet is too small, little with the contact-making surface of stock, connects rear difficulty and survives; The bud sheet is excessive, easily rolls over wound while inserting the stock otch, causes loose contact, and survival rate is low.Use grafting knife horizontal partial application of 1.0-1.5cm above the bud position while getting bud, deeply reach xylem, the oblique partial application of 1.0-1.5cm below the bud position, with the edge of a knife of crosscut, intersect, be preferably the edge of a knife and once align and can take off wedge shape bud sheet, fail disposable cut-out wedge shape bud sheet periphery bark, xylem, can slowly cut off connecting portion, peel gently wedge shape bud sheet with blade, avoid staying scar as far as possible on wedge shape bud sheet.
The cut-grafting mouth: choose the tung tree as stock, the cultivation tree type of take is purpose.On the tung tree of choosing as stock, choose the branch that needs reconfiguration, the disconnected anvil at upper annual growth point place, because New shoot growth is fast, bud sheet and shoot can very fast combinations, all the other branches remove, wait after disconnected anvil and within 5-10 minute, treat that milk flows to end and wiped clean, avoid milk to assemble germ and insect, can improve the survival rate of grafting, from the disconnected anvil 15-20cm of place, select the stock Smooth without wound, cut a T font otch with grafting knife and deeply reach xylem, described T font otch comprises a transverse incision and a perpendicular otch, described transverse incision length is 1.5-2.5cm, described perpendicular otch 2.5-4.5cm,
In conjunction with and bondage: separate the cortex of being combined with the stock xylem in described perpendicular otch both sides, will be described wedge shape bud sheet use the film bundle interface after inserting interface, film 1-3 layer, bud is exposed on the external.The xylem of the inner surface of wedge shape bud sheet and stock is closely identical like this, and what make that bud sheet and stock all can prestissimo differentiates cell and the joint face that heals, and the bud sheet can obtain nutrition and moisture from stock as early as possible.
(3) connect rear management
Bud grafting has operated rear spray 5-10PPM bleaching fluid, subsequently every spray in 7-10 days once anti-insects medicine prevent the meiofauna such as the ant interface that bites, preferably, anti-insects medicine is 800 times of aqueous solution of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 1000 times of aqueous solution of 90% chlorophos crystal, spraying number of times is 2-3 time, within 7-10 days, callus forms, and axillalry bud starts about 15 days to germinate, and can form the tung tree branch of new excellent material about 45 days.Should regular check survive situation after bud grafting has operated, finding not survive should be at once in the reclosing of the stock back side.
Apply above-mentioned budding method, in 100 of the bud graftings respectively of spring and autumn, spring budding finally survive 96, autumnbudding finally survive 98, total survival rate reaches 97%, not only setting is many for large tung tree after bud grafting, output is high, but also has had the characteristic of the scion excellent materials such as oil content is high, disease resistance is strong.Tung oil tree is generally taked program request breeding on the spot, general kind just can be yielded positive results on the 4th year, and result seldom, adopt the present invention, after bud grafting, Second Year can be yielded positive results, and within the 3rd year, enters peak as a result, per mu yield is higher more than 35% than general kind, oil content is than the high 5-6 percentage point of general kind, and the per mu yield value can reach more than 3000 yuan, and economic effect is obvious.
Claims (4)
1. the high-order budding method of a tung oil tree, is characterized in that, described high-order budding method comprises following three steps,
(1) selection of bud grafting time and scion
The early September in the mid-February that the bud grafting time is spring to late March or autumn, a day samming was to carry out in 20 ℃ ± 3 o'clock to October; Tung tree lignification or the semi-lignified branch of excellent material selected in scion, and stock selects to need the tung tree of transformation;
(2) bud grafting operation
Get and budder: get the front 5-7 days bleaching fluids with 5PPM of buddering and be sprayed at disinfection on the tung tree kind branch of choosing high yield, use grafting knife horizontal partial application of 1.0-1.5cm above the bud position while getting bud, deeply reach xylem, the oblique partial application of 1.0-1.5cm below the bud position, intersect with the edge of a knife of crosscut, take off wedge shape bud sheet;
Cut-grafting mouth: at the disconnected anvil in the upper annual growth point place of stock, all the other branches remove, wait after disconnected anvil and within 5-10 minute, treat that milk flows to end and wiped clean, from the disconnected anvil 15-20cm of place, select the stock Smooth without wound, cut a T font otch with grafting knife and deeply reach xylem, described T font otch comprises a transverse incision and a perpendicular otch, and described transverse incision length is 1.5-2.5cm, described perpendicular otch 2.5-4.5cm;
In conjunction with and bondage: separate the cortex of being combined with the stock xylem in described perpendicular otch both sides, will be described wedge shape bud sheet use the film bundle interface after inserting interface, film 1-3 layer, bud is exposed on the external;
(3) connect rear management
Bud grafting has operated rear spray 5-10PPM bleaching fluid, every spray in 7-10 days, once prevents the insects medicine, checks the situation that survives, and finding not survive should be at once in the reclosing of the stock back side.
2. the high-order budding method of tung oil tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, during described bud grafting operation, is sunny weather.
3. the high-order budding method of tung oil tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, take as the tung tree of stock that to cultivate the tree type be purpose.
4. the high-order budding method of tung oil tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described buddering as enriching full bud in the branch stage casing.
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| CN2013103986840A CN103461008A (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2013-09-04 | Top budding method for Tung-oil trees |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104186209A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-10 | 大连佛伦德农业科技有限公司 | High-quality large cherry seedling cultivating method |
| CN105409702A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Idesia polycarpa bud grafting method |
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| CN1709025A (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2005-12-21 | 陈浩 | Colourful tree grafting method |
| CN101283659A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-10-15 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Jatropha curcas budgrafting high order grafting improved method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1709025A (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2005-12-21 | 陈浩 | Colourful tree grafting method |
| CN101283659A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-10-15 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Jatropha curcas budgrafting high order grafting improved method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104186209A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-10 | 大连佛伦德农业科技有限公司 | High-quality large cherry seedling cultivating method |
| CN105409702A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Idesia polycarpa bud grafting method |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |