CN115723535A - 用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、用于制造玻璃复合体的方法和发光车顶 - Google Patents
用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、用于制造玻璃复合体的方法和发光车顶 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115723535A CN115723535A CN202211051814.9A CN202211051814A CN115723535A CN 115723535 A CN115723535 A CN 115723535A CN 202211051814 A CN202211051814 A CN 202211051814A CN 115723535 A CN115723535 A CN 115723535A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- light
- polyurethane layer
- emitting
- glass composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005315 stained glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
- B32B17/10449—Wavelength selective transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
- B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
- G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
- G02B6/009—Positioning aspects of the light source in the package
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/418—Refractive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/20—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for lighting specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments; mounted on specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments
- B60Q3/208—Sun roofs; Windows
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/60—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects
- B60Q3/62—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects using light guides
- B60Q3/64—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects using light guides for a single lighting device
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Arrangements Of Lighting Devices For Vehicle Interiors, Mounting And Supporting Thereof, Circuits Therefore (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于发光车顶(30,50)的玻璃复合体,具有玻璃板(38)、玻璃底涂层(40)和聚氨酯层(42)。玻璃板(38)在一侧设置有玻璃底涂层(40),其中在玻璃底涂层(40)上又施加有聚氨酯层(42)。还描述了一种发光车顶(30、50)和一种用于生产玻璃复合体(34)的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、用于制造玻璃复合体的方法和发光车顶。
背景技术
近年来,对车顶的要求发生了显著变化。市场上对改善内部空间氛围的要求越来越高,随着发光玻璃顶的引入,在提升内部空间氛围方面迈出了重要一步。
这些发光玻璃顶通常设计为天窗,并包括作为生产发光玻璃顶的半成品的夹层玻璃板。这种夹层玻璃板的常见实施方案是具有排列顺序玻璃板/塑料膜/玻璃板的复合安全玻璃(VSG)。
具有单个玻璃板而非夹层玻璃板的发光玻璃顶也是已知的,其设有层,例如聚氨酯层。与复合安全玻璃(VSG)相比,这可以实现更轻、更紧凑的结构。
此外,发光玻璃顶包括框架,在该框架中设置有发光元件,该发光元件照亮面向车辆内部空间的复合安全玻璃的玻璃板或设置在单个玻璃板上的聚氨酯层。
然而,已知的具有单个玻璃板和设置在其上的聚氨酯层的发光玻璃顶具有以下缺点:聚氨酯层在玻璃板上的粘合性差,并且聚氨酯层在制造车顶期间或在车辆运行过程中会从玻璃板上脱落。在车辆运行过程中引入的振动也促进了这种负面影响。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种发光车顶,与现有技术相比它更轻,同时非常耐用。
根据本发明,该目的通过用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体实现,该玻璃复合体具有玻璃板、玻璃底涂层和聚氨酯层。所述玻璃板在一侧设有玻璃底涂层,所述聚氨酯层施加到该玻璃底涂层上。
因此,所提到的玻璃复合体的构造非常轻,因为只安装了一块玻璃板。此外,可以设计得较轻且较薄的聚氨酯只会稍微增加玻璃复合体的厚度。此外,玻璃底涂层(英文:glass primer layer)用作玻璃板和聚氨酯层之间的粘合剂。
特别地,玻璃底涂层的突出之处在于改善了润湿性能和对玻璃板的附着力,从而简化了生产并实现了可靠的连接。
根据本发明的一个方面,玻璃底涂层具有比邻接的聚氨酯层低的光折射率。由于玻璃底涂层的光折射率低于邻接的聚氨酯层的光折射率,从侧面引入的光可以有效地被导入聚氨酯层中并沿着聚氨酯层引导。
有利地,玻璃底涂层在至少一个局部位置设置有散射结构,该散射结构被构造为散射入射光。这里的优点是对光的定向输出(Ausleitung)。在这种情况下,可以将制造商预设定的任何形状或具有多种形状的任何图案应用于车顶,其通过照亮车顶可以变得可见。
根据一个实施方案,所述玻璃板是钢化玻璃,特别是单层安全玻璃(ESG)。这增加了玻璃复合体的抗破损性,并为车辆乘员提供了更好的保护。此外,使用单层安全玻璃可以减少生产中的废品。
根据本发明的一个方面,所述玻璃板是有色玻璃,特别是灰色玻璃或绿色玻璃。通过选择适当着色的玻璃板,可以进一步积极地影响内部空间氛围。例如,通过这一措施实现更少的阳光进入车内。此外,可以保护车辆的乘员免受来自车辆外部的窥探。
另一个优点是,车顶上的被照亮的散射结构在白天也是可见的,因为该被照亮的散射结构与其紧邻环境的对比度增加了。
本发明的另一方面规定聚氨酯层是透明的。透明的聚氨酯层有利于透光,因为吸收的光较少。发光车顶因此更加明亮。
此外,通过透明设计的聚氨酯层简化了玻璃复合体的生产工艺。例如,不同程度着色的玻璃板可用于生产不同程度着色的玻璃复合体。由此,从车辆周围进入的阳光仅被可能的有色玻璃板减少。
有利地,聚氨酯层以不透射照射在聚氨酯层上的紫外线和红外线的方式形成。因此,与普通玻璃的情况相比,对紫外线敏感的车辆乘员可以更好地免受太阳紫外线的伤害。此外,还可以实现对照射车辆的太阳红外线的防护。由此,车辆内部空间升温较少。
根据另一实施方案,聚氨酯层在至少一个局部位置设置有散射结构,该散射结构被构造为散射入射光。与玻璃底涂层上的散射结构一样,通过聚氨酯层中的散射结构也可以实现光的定向输出,其中光输出在此处也可以经由预设定的形状或经由具有多种形状的任何图案实现。特别地,聚氨酯层中的散射结构是引入的激光刻印。
此外,本发明涉及具有如上所述根据本发明的玻璃复合体和围绕该玻璃复合体的框架的发光车顶,在该框架上设置有至少一个发光元件,其中所述发光元件设置在玻璃复合体的一个端面上,使得发光元件的光可以平面地耦合如聚氨酯层中。耦合入的光可以通过用作光导体的聚氨酯层进行引导。这是特别有效的,因为光在聚氨酯层的界面上被反射多次,并因此在散射结构的方向上偏转。由此增加了被照亮的散射结构的亮度。
有利地,所述框架在所设置的发光元件的区域中包括不透光的聚氨酯材料。采用这种设计,光仅被导入聚氨酯层。由此,发光元件对车辆乘员的干扰较小,因为没有光可以通过框架进入车辆内部空间。换言之,该措施导致车辆内部空间氛围的进一步改善。
根据一种实施方案,将导体电路(Leiterbahn)引入框架中并且将至少一个发光元件设计为发光单元,其中所述发光单元包括带有插头触点的印刷电路板和设置在印刷电路板上的发光二极管(LED)。此外,所述发光单元被夹在框架中,并且插头触点电与导体电路连接。因此,所述发光元件被模块化地设计为发光单元,从而可以很容易地更换。由此确保了可互换性,从而在出现技术故障时无需更换整个发光车顶。
该目的还通过一种用于制造用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、特别是用于制造前述玻璃复合体的方法来实现,其中,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-提供玻璃板;
-将玻璃底涂层施加、特别是自动施加到所述玻璃板的第一表面;和
-将聚氨酯层施加到所述玻璃底涂层上。
所述方法有利于聚氨酯在玻璃板上的粘附,因为通过施加的玻璃底涂层实现了玻璃板和聚氨酯层之间的改善的粘合。
自动施加玻璃底涂层还避免了在施加玻璃底涂层时的条纹形成和不均匀性,从而提高了发光玻璃顶的美感。
本发明的一个方面规定,在施加玻璃底涂层之前,至少在第一表面上对玻璃板进行清洁,特别是热清洁或使用粘合清洁剂清洁。这带来了玻璃底涂层更好地粘合到玻璃板的优点,从而最终聚氨酯层也通过玻璃底涂层更牢固地结合到玻璃板。
根据所述方法的一个实施方案,在另一步骤中,使用激光将散射结构引入聚氨酯层中,该散射结构散射入射光。激光是一种引入散射结构的廉价手段,不需要任何额外的材料。此外,激光在生产中允许较长的周期时间,这反过来又会降低成本。
下面将参照借助附图描述的各种实施例来解释本发明。
附图说明
图1示出了根据现有技术的复合安全玻璃(VSG)的横截面;
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方案的发光车顶的横截面;
图3示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方案的发光车顶的俯视图;
图4示出了根据图3的发光车顶的发光元件的俯视图,其中该发光元件被设计为发光单元;
图5示出了图3的发光车顶的一个局部。
具体实施方式
发光车顶属于现有技术,旨在改善车辆的内部空间氛围。这一点可以通过照亮在生产过程中引入车顶的预设定图案看到。已知的散射结构例如作为陶瓷印花图案被应用于发光车顶上。
因此,可以通过已知技术,利用例如设有星形图案的车顶发光来模拟星空,从而增加车辆的内部空间氛围。
已知的发光车顶通常包括许多集成发光元件,这些发光元件照亮制造商预设定的图案,所述图案被构造为车顶中的散射结构,其中发光元件发出的照射到散射结构上的光辐射到车辆内部空间。
从现有技术已知用于生产发光车顶的标准半成品,例如具有部分预应力玻璃(TVG)的复合安全玻璃(VSG)。
在此应注意,由玻璃制成的发光车顶属于所谓的顶置玻璃。顶置玻璃必须为车辆乘员提供高安全性,以在发生事故时保护乘员,尤其是不使他们处于例如由于碎片飞溅而造成的更大的危险中。
当在复合安全玻璃中使用部分预应力玻璃时,在破裂时(例如由于车祸)会产生大尺寸的关联碎片,该碎片仍然具有很高的剩余承载能力。特别是,复合安全玻璃不会完全爆裂,因为它们是由弹性复合材料固定在一起的。
在图1中示出了根据现有技术的这种复合安全玻璃10的示例性结构,其被按照标准用于许多发光车顶。
发光玻璃车顶的复合安全玻璃10由背对车辆内部空间的上玻璃板12、面向车辆内部空间的下玻璃板14和位于其间的塑料膜16组成,其中所述塑料膜16为前述的弹性复合材料。两个外部玻璃板12、14借助层压工艺在压力和热的作用下彼此以物质内聚方式结合。
对于现有技术的发光车顶,所述塑料膜16完成两个任务。一方面,它对于乘员的安全具有很高的抗撕裂性并具有粘弹性,另一方面,它确保由发光元件引入的光通过多次反射保持在复合安全玻璃10的下玻璃板14内。下玻璃板14因此充当一种光导体。
光被横向引入车顶的复合安全玻璃10中并且在下玻璃板14的界面处被多次反射。除了复合安全玻璃10之外,图1还示出了发光元件18,此处是发光二极管(LED),以及示例性标识的光束的反射光路20。
两个界面22、24负责下玻璃板14中的反射。一个位于下玻璃板14和塑料膜16之间,第二个位于下玻璃板14和已知充满空气的车辆内部空间之间。
塑料膜16和充满空气的车辆内部空间具有比邻接的下玻璃板14更低的光折射率,因此光束至少部分地被反射。
根据本发明的车顶30的结构可以在图2中看到。车顶30包括多个发光元件32,根据本发明的玻璃复合体34,以及围绕所述玻璃复合体34的框架36。
发光元件32用于将光引入车顶,为此发光元件32被布置为分布在玻璃复合体34的端面。
通过在侧面布置在玻璃复合体34的端面上的发光元件32,所述发光元件发出的光平面地被引入玻璃复合体34中。然后将光有效地传导至位于玻璃复合体34中的散射结构37,其将引入的光束散射到车辆内部空间中。
根据本发明的玻璃复合体34包括玻璃板38(此处为单层安全玻璃(ESG))、玻璃底涂层40(例如Chemlok-144制成的层)和透明聚氨酯层42(PU/PUR层)。玻璃底涂层40平面地施加到玻璃板38的一侧并与其粘合。聚氨酯层42又牢固地与玻璃底涂层40结合。
由于所述玻璃复合体34的结构,与复合安全玻璃10相比,在车辆上需要更少的安装空间,因为不需要第二块玻璃板。此外,玻璃底涂层40能够在聚氨酯层42和玻璃板38之间实现可靠的粘合。
之前描述的以平面方式引入玻璃复合体34的引入的光更准确地说是被引入玻璃复合体34的聚氨酯层42中,其然后被传导至散射结构37。
在当前实施例中,散射结构37被引入玻璃复合体34的聚氨酯层42中。然而,也可以设想,替代地或附加地,将散射结构37施加、特别是印到底涂层40上。
邻接的玻璃底涂层40除了粘合剂的功能之外还具有另外的功能。将玻璃底涂层的材料选择为使其光折射率低于邻接的聚氨酯层的光折射率。如果将光引入直接邻接玻璃板38的聚氨酯层中,则光可以逸出到玻璃板38中而不在界面处被反射。
与根据图1的已知的现有技术不同,光被平面地引入聚氨酯层42中而不是下玻璃板14中并且在那里继续被传导。前面描述的在下玻璃板14的界面22、24处的多次反射现在类似地发生在聚氨酯层42的界面。
在当前实施例中,根据本发明的玻璃复合体34的玻璃板38是灰色玻璃,其具有约1.52的光折射率。透明聚氨酯层42的光折射率也为约1.52,并且玻璃底涂层(40)的光折射率低于邻接的聚氨酯层(42)。
通过所给出的光折射率和上述玻璃复合体34的构造清楚地表明,光可以以类似于根据图1的现有技术的已知构造的方式被偏转。
玻璃复合体34的聚氨酯层42主要用于在玻璃复合体34的光传导。此外,这还可用于保护车辆乘员免受太阳的紫外线和红外线辐射。
为此目的,聚氨酯层42被特别设计成使其至少部分地屏蔽紫外线和红外线辐射。由此,车辆内部空间的升温不那么强烈,并且对阳光敏感的乘员可以更好地免受有害紫外线辐射。这可以例如通过将添加剂混合到聚氨酯层42的原料中来完成,例如粘性聚氨酯原料。
为了能够在发生事故时为具有根据本发明的车顶的车辆的乘员提供良好的保护,可以如在当前实施例中那样使用单层安全玻璃作为玻璃板38。
发光车顶30的框架36由黑色聚氨酯制成。其作用是将发光的车顶30作为一个整体保持在一起。为此,它容纳发光元件32和玻璃复合体34。
此外,框架36设有将电能传导至发光元件32的导体电路。该导体电路又连接到电源。
在生产过程中,可以通过在玻璃复合体34周围发泡来生产框架36,其中导体电路和发光元件32也发泡整合到框架36中。
发光元件32被置于框架36内,使得发光元件32的光可以平面地耦合入聚氨酯层42中。同时,由于框架36的黑色聚氨酯是不透光的,因此发光元件32的光不会穿透框架36。由此实现了分离的光导入。
图3和5所示的根据本发明的车顶50的其他实施方案与前述实施方案的区别在于发光元件32被设计为发光单元52并且以特定形式和方式安装到框架54。
这些发光单元52各自包括具有插头触点58的印刷电路板56和安装在印刷电路板56上的发光二极管60(LED),如图4所示。
图3中仅示例性地示出了框架54中的发光单元52的一个可能的定位,其中发光单元52被安装在矩形设计的车顶50的拐角处。
如上文在根据图2的实施方案中所述,根据图3的实施方案的框架54也设置有导体电路,其中发光单元52的插头触点58在组装状态下与所述导体电路电连接。与根据图2的实施方案不同,只有导体电路被发泡到框架54中,而不是发光单元52。
在下文中,将参照图2说明用于生产玻璃复合体34的相关的根据本发明的方法。
为了生产玻璃复合体34,首先以期望的形状和尺寸提供玻璃板38。
然后用粘合清洁剂清洁玻璃板38的至少第一表面,以去除任何污垢,特别是油膜,其将显著降低玻璃底涂层40对玻璃板38的粘合性。用于此的粘合清洁剂主要是含溶剂液体,例如醇基的或丙酮基的。该过程也称为粘合活化,其中粘合清洁剂也称为粘合活化剂。
替代地,也可以考虑例如用火焰对玻璃板38进行热清洁。
然后将玻璃底涂层40自动施加到所述玻璃板38的第一表面,其中特别要注意的是,将玻璃底涂层40均匀地施加并且不形成条纹,所述条纹将对玻璃复合体34的视觉外观产生负面影响。
然后将聚氨酯层42均匀且平面地施加到玻璃底涂层40上。
在以粘性形式施加的聚氨酯层42随后固化之后,成品玻璃复合体34就完成了。
然后可以将散射结构37通过激光施加到该玻璃复合体34的聚氨酯层42上。散射结构37在这种情况下是一种激光刻印。然而,也可以设想,使用不同的技术来施加或引入散射结构37,例如使用陶瓷印刷方法。
Claims (14)
1.一种用于发光车顶(30,50)的玻璃复合体,其具有玻璃板(38)、玻璃底涂层(40)和聚氨酯层(42),其中所述玻璃板(38)在一侧设置有所述玻璃底涂层(40)并且所述聚氨酯层(42)被施加到所述玻璃底涂层(40)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述玻璃底涂层(40)的光折射率低于邻接的聚氨酯层(42)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述玻璃底涂层(40)在至少一个局部位置设置有散射结构(37),所述散射结构被构造为散射入射光。
4.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述玻璃板(38)是钢化玻璃,特别是单层安全玻璃(ESG)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述玻璃板(38)是有色玻璃,特别是灰色玻璃或绿色玻璃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯层(42)是透明的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯层(42)被构造为不透射照射在所述聚氨酯层(42)上的紫外线和红外线。
8.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯层(42)在至少一个局部位置设置有散射结构(37),所述散射结构被构造为散射入射光。
9.一种发光车顶,其具有根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体(34)和围绕所述玻璃复合体(34)的框架(36,54),在所述框架上设置有至少一个发光元件(32),其中所述发光元件(32)设置在所述玻璃复合体(34)的一个端面上,使得所述发光元件(32)的光能够平面地耦合入所述聚氨酯层(42)中。
10.根据权利要求9所述的发光车顶,其特征在于,所述框架(36)在所设置的发光元件(32)的区域中包括不透光的聚氨酯材料。
11.根据权利要求9所述的发光车顶,其特征在于,在所述框架(54)中设置有导体电路,并且至少一个发光元件(32)被设计为发光单元(52),其中所述发光单元(52)包括具有插头触点(58)的印刷电路板(56)和安装到所述印刷电路板(56)的发光二极管(LED),并且其中所述发光单元(52)被夹在所述框架(54)中并且所述插头触点(58)与所述导体电路电连接。
12.一种用于制造用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、特别是根据权利要求1所述的玻璃复合体的方法,其中所述方法包括以下步骤:
-提供玻璃板(38);
-将玻璃底涂层(40)施加、特别是自动施加到所述玻璃板(38)的第一表面上;和
-将聚氨酯层(42)施加到所述玻璃底涂层(40)上。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括进一步的步骤,在所述进一步的步骤中在施加玻璃底涂层(40)之前将玻璃板(38)至少在其第一表面上进行清洁,尤其是热清洁或借助粘合清洁剂清洁。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括进一步的步骤,在所述进一步的步骤中将散射入射光的散射结构(37)通过激光引入聚氨酯层(42)中。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021122494.2 | 2021-08-31 | ||
DE102021122494.2A DE102021122494A1 (de) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Glasverbund für ein beleuchtetes Fahrzeugdach, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Glasverbundes und beleuchtetes Fahrzeugdach |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115723535A true CN115723535A (zh) | 2023-03-03 |
Family
ID=85175001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211051814.9A Pending CN115723535A (zh) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | 用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、用于制造玻璃复合体的方法和发光车顶 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230070299A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN115723535A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102021122494A1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR3126414A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021122512A1 (de) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-02 | Roof Systems Germany Gmbh | Glasverbund für ein beleuchtetes Fahrzeugdach, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Glasverbundes und beleuchtetes Fahrzeugdach |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4822680A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-04-18 | American Temporing, Inc. | Polyurethane visionary laminate glass and method of manufacture |
FR2970671B1 (fr) * | 2011-01-21 | 2016-12-30 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage lumineux |
DE102012109900B4 (de) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-10-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fahrzeugverglasung |
FR3028800B1 (fr) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-12-23 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage de signalisation lumineuse, vehicule l'incorporant et fabrication |
BR102015016171A8 (pt) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-02-27 | Pilkington Brasil Ltda | dispositivo de luz de freio e seu arranjo de montagem no vidro da janela traseira de um veículo |
US9845047B1 (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2017-12-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Light system |
DE102017127746B4 (de) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-09-07 | Roof Systems Germany Gmbh | Fahrzeugdachelement |
DE202020100464U1 (de) | 2020-01-29 | 2020-02-12 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Beleuchtbare Verbundscheibe, Isolierglasanordnung und Fahrzeugbeleuchtung |
DE202020107193U1 (de) | 2020-12-11 | 2021-01-14 | Agp America S.A. | Automobillaminat mit Gewichtsreduzierung und Verbesserung der mechanischen Festigkeit |
-
2021
- 2021-08-31 DE DE102021122494.2A patent/DE102021122494A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-08-24 FR FR2208496A patent/FR3126414A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-08-30 US US17/898,542 patent/US20230070299A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2022-08-31 CN CN202211051814.9A patent/CN115723535A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102021122494A1 (de) | 2023-03-02 |
US20230070299A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 |
FR3126414A1 (fr) | 2023-03-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110099793B (zh) | 具有集成的电附件的复合玻璃板 | |
EP2983909B2 (en) | A glazing | |
US10139080B2 (en) | Glazed roof comprising illuminating means and means for controlling light transmission | |
US9630551B2 (en) | Light-emitting diode module for a vehicle, and productions | |
US10202075B2 (en) | Sunroof comprising lighting means | |
CN110325359B (zh) | 含有电控装置的层压窗玻璃和制备 | |
EP2635433B1 (en) | Laminated inorganic and organic glass diffused lighting panel | |
CN112677575B (zh) | 导光天窗总成 | |
CN110099875B (zh) | 具有外部发光信号的车辆窗玻璃、包含该窗玻璃的车辆和制造 | |
KR20080075531A (ko) | 광선 방출용 패널 | |
CN220682104U (zh) | 一种具有照明装置的弯曲汽车层压体 | |
CN117083485A (zh) | 可照明的装配玻璃 | |
CN110621498A (zh) | 含有电控装置的层压窗玻璃和制备 | |
KR20190136062A (ko) | 무기 발광 다이오드를 포함하는, 차량용 발광 적층형 글레이징, 및 그 제조 | |
CN115723535A (zh) | 用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、用于制造玻璃复合体的方法和发光车顶 | |
US9696012B2 (en) | Embedded LED assembly with optional beam steering optical element, and associated products, and/or methods | |
CN115723394A (zh) | 用于发光车顶的玻璃复合体、用于制造玻璃复合体的方法和发光车顶 | |
CN110446605B (zh) | 具有功能元件和照明的复合玻璃板 | |
CN116829410A (zh) | 可照明的装配玻璃 | |
CN117279779A (zh) | 可照明的装配玻璃 | |
CN116981561A (zh) | 可照明装配玻璃 | |
CN116829349A (zh) | 可照明的装配玻璃 | |
WO2023209613A1 (en) | Light module with efficient light injection and fluid tightness | |
CN114475421A (zh) | 导光器件和汽车发光天窗装置 | |
WO2022238780A1 (en) | Illuminated laminate with beam shaping means |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |