CN115643963A - Method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera by using composite growth promoting strain - Google Patents
Method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera by using composite growth promoting strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN115643963A CN115643963A CN202211362938.9A CN202211362938A CN115643963A CN 115643963 A CN115643963 A CN 115643963A CN 202211362938 A CN202211362938 A CN 202211362938A CN 115643963 A CN115643963 A CN 115643963A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting strain. The method comprises the following steps: (1) Soaking Moringa oleifera seeds which bear fruits in the same year on the same parent tree for 10h, sterilizing, cleaning with sterile water, and air-drying on filter paper; (2) The dried seeds are placed on a culture dish paved with wet absorbent cotton (sterilized and dried), and are placed in a biochemical incubator after being inoculated with composite growth-promoting bacteria. Quantitatively adding sterile water at regular time every day to keep the absorbent cotton moist until the absorbent cotton germinates (3) placing the seeds obtained in the step (2) in a nutrient solution after the seeds germinate until the seeds germinate; (4) Transplanting the seeds into a planting field when the seeds sprout to 6-8cm, and carrying out watering and fertilization management; and (5) managing the moringa oleifera by a conventional method until the moringa oleifera is mature. By adopting the method, the moringa oleifera with high germination rate, high transplanting survival rate, good drought resistance and excellent growth can be cultivated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forest cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting strain.
Background
Moringa oleifera (Moringa oleifera lam.) also called drumstick tree (Drumstaktree) is a Moringaceae (Moringa ceae), moringa genus (Moringa Adans) plant, is a perennial thermogenic fallen leaf arbor, has about 14 varieties in the whole world, and has 3 varieties in common: india traditional Moringa oleifera (Moringa oleifera), modified Moringa oleifera (PKM 1 and PKM 2) and Moringa stenopetala (Moringa stenopetala) native to India. Because the domestic planting yield of the moringa oleifera is low, the domestic main planting variety is PKM1 at present. The root outer skin of the moringa oleifera is inedible by two alkaloids, and other parts of the moringa oleifera contain rich protein, vitamin and amino acid, so that the moringa oleifera is greatly helpful for vegetarians, the calcium contained in the moringa oleifera is four times of milk, the protein is two times of milk, the potassium is three times of bananas, the iron is three times of spinach, the vitamin C is seven times of citrus, and the vitamin A (beta carotene) is four times of carrots, so the moringa oleifera is a healthy food for resisting malnutrition and is praised as a strange tree by western scientists. .
The moringa oleifera grows very fast in the first year, can reach 3-5 meters high, accounts for about 40 percent of the total height of the whole life cycle of 20 years, and has large demand on nutrient substances, so that sufficient nutrients are the key for growth in the seedling stage of the moringa oleifera. However, the recommended amount of fertilizer used in the moringa cultivation process is high in economic cost at home and abroad, and great economic pressure is caused to many moringa production enterprises and growers; secondly, the long-term application of a large amount of chemical fertilizer can bring adverse effects on the ecological balance, and the green sustainable development of the moringa industry is hindered. With the continuous development of the industry, how to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, reduce the production cost, improve the yield of moringa oleifera and protect the ecological environment for moringa oleifera planting becomes a technical bottleneck restricting the development of the moringa oleifera industry. Meanwhile, as a tropical plant with unique economic value and health care effect, the limitation of nutrients and water is large, and the yield of the tropical plant cultivated in a non-tropical environment is low. Therefore, there is a need to develop a cultivation method that can reduce the production cost of moringa oleifera and increase the yield of moringa oleifera in non-tropical environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting strain, which can effectively solve the problems of high production cost, low yield in non-tropical areas and poor growth vigor in the moringa oleifera cultivation process obtained by the conventional method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting strain comprises the following steps:
(1) Soaking full moringa seeds in a fruiting clamp in the same year, which are collected by the same mother plant, in sterile water for 10 hours;
(2) Taking out the soaked seeds, sterilizing, cleaning, drying in the air, placing in a culture dish paved with sterilized absorbent cotton, adding sterile water to keep the absorbent cotton moist, and then sequentially placing the seeds in an accelerator suspension and a regulating solution for soaking;
(3) Placing the culture dish in the step (2) in a 30-35 ℃ non-illumination biochemical incubator for culture until the culture dish germinates to 6-8cm and is transplanted to a planting field; (ii) a
(4) Transplanting the germinated moringa seedlings into a planting field, and carrying out watering and fertilizing management; wherein the applied fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of nitrogen, 15-25% of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.8-1.0% of boron and 15-30% of organic matter;
(5) After the moringa seedlings in the step (4) grow leaf blades, respectively inoculating compound growth-promoting bacteria suspension to the east, west, south and north of each seedling in a root irrigation mode;
(6) And then managing according to the conventional method until the moringa oleifera is mature.
Further, the promoter suspension comprises gibberellic acid and isopentenyl adenosine in a volume ratio of 0.5-1 to 1.
Further, the volume ratio of gibberellic acid to isopentenyl adenosine was 0.5.
Further, the conditioning fluid comprises ferulic acid, 2,6 dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen fluid with the volume ratio of 0.5-1.
Further, the conditioning fluid comprises ferulic acid, 2,6 dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen fluid in a volume ratio of 0.5.
Further, the nutrient solution is a plant nutrient solution.
Further, the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension comprises bacillus, lichen bacteria and pseudomonas in a volume ratio of 0.5-1 to 1.
Further, the volume ratio of bacillus, lichen and pseudomonas is 0.5.
Further, the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus is 1-5X 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of lichen bacteria is 0.1-3 × 10 11 CFU/mL, the viable count of the pseudomonas is 1.5-3 multiplied by 10 10 CFU/mL。
Further, the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension also comprises algal polysaccharides and humic acid.
Further, the organic matter is selected for the organic matter commonly used in the crop cultivation process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the growth promoter consisting of the gibberellic acid and the isopentenyl adenosine to soak the seeds, the gibberellic acid can effectively break the dormancy of the seeds, and the growth promoter has the functions of promoting the germination, growth and elongation of the branch tips and enhancing the growth vigor of crops. Meanwhile, the defect that the plant height is increased too fast by isopentenyl adenosine can be overcome, in addition, the phenomena of excessive growth, green loss, deformity, withering and the like of crops caused by gibberellic acid can be effectively eliminated by the isopentenyl adenosine, the normal growth of the crops can be remarkably promoted, and the two have extremely remarkable synergistic effects.
2. The regulating solution used by the invention comprises ferulic acid, 2, 6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen liquid, wherein the 2, 6-dichloroisonicotinic acid can effectively activate an innate defense network existing in the moringa oleifera, and the ferulic acid can improve the contents of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and the like in the moringa oleifera and effectively improve the activity of seeds, so that the survival rate of the moringa oleifera planted in non-tropical areas is improved.
3. The compound growth-promoting microbial inoculum used in the invention can obviously improve the root growth of plants, increase the leaf quantity of moringa oleifera plants, increase the root length and root weight of the plants, obviously promote the growth and development of the moringa oleifera, improve the drought resistance of the moringa oleifera plants, omit the step of transferring seed germination to a nutrition bag culture, reduce the production cost, directly transplant the moringa oleifera into a field, match with the treatment in a breeding and cultivating stage, and promote the growth of the moringa oleifera while improving the survival rate of the germination of the moringa oleifera.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1
A method for promoting growth and development of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting bacterium suspension comprises the following specific processes:
(1) Soil preparation
Cutting down, drying in the sun and burning out the overground weed shrubs, deeply digging and turning the soil to a depth of 35 cm, removing the grass roots at the tree heads, and breaking soil blocks before sowing after weathering for a period of time to fully and finely break the soil.
(2) Base fertilizer
Irrigating and thoroughly watering the planting field, and applying base fertilizer in the amount of 3000 kg/mu after 4-6 days of irrigation; the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35% of farmyard manure, 50% of nitrogenous fertilizer and 15% of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) Dormancy breaking method for moringa seeds
Soaking in sterile water for 10 hr, sterilizing, washing, drying in the air, soaking in culture dish with sterilized absorbent cotton, adding sterile water to maintain the absorbent cotton wet, and soaking the seeds in promoter suspension and regulating solution for 1-5 hr. Wherein the promoter suspension comprises gibberellic acid and isopentenyl adenosine in a volume ratio of 0.5; the regulating solution comprises ferulic acid, 2, 6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen solution in a volume ratio of 0.5;
(4) Seed cultivation
Placing the culture dish in the step (3) in a non-illumination biochemical incubator for culture at 20 ℃, and regularly and quantitatively adding sterile water every day according to a conventional mode to keep the culture dish moist until the culture dish germinates;
(5) Transplanting
Sterilizing the soil of the planting field by using 200 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, transplanting moringa seedlings sprouted to 6-8cm (before cotyledon expansion) into the planting field after sterilization, and respectively inoculating 10mL of OD (origin-destination) in four aspects of east, south and north of each seedling in a root irrigation manner 600 The composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension with the value of 0.5 is subjected to watering and fertilization management; wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 2000 kg/mu, and the fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50 percent of nitrogen, 15 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.8 percent of boron12% of composite growth-promoting bacterium suspension, and the balance of organic matters;
the composite growth promoting microbial inoculum consists of bacillus, lichen and pseudomonas in a volume ratio of 0.5 to 1.2, and in addition, algal polysaccharide and humic acid which respectively account for 1.5 percent of the weight of the composite growth promoting microbial suspension are also contained;
the viable count of the bacillus in the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension is 1 multiplied by 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of lichen bacteria is 0.5 × 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of Pseudomonas is 1.5 × 10 10 CFU/mL。
(6) And then, according to the conventional management mode in the field, until the moringa oleifera is mature.
Example 2
A method for promoting growth and development of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting bacterium suspension comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Soil preparation
Cutting, drying and burning out the overground weed shrubs, digging deeply and turning up the soil to the depth of 35 cm, removing the roots of the grass on the tree heads, and smashing soil blocks before sowing after weathering for a period of time to fully and finely smash the soil.
(2) Base fertilizer
Irrigating and thoroughly watering a planting field, and applying base fertilizer in the amount of 3000 kg/mu after irrigating for 4 days; the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35% of farmyard manure, 50% of nitrogenous fertilizer and 15% of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) Dormancy breaking method for moringa seeds
Soaking in sterile water for 10 hr, sterilizing, washing, drying in the air, soaking in culture dish with sterilized absorbent cotton, adding sterile water to maintain the absorbent cotton wet, and soaking the seeds in promoter suspension and regulating solution for 1-5 hr. Wherein, the accelerant suspension comprises 2-3 gibberellic acid and isopentenyl adenosine in volume ratio; the regulating solution comprises ferulic acid, 2, 6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen solution in a volume ratio of 1;
(4) Seed cultivation
Placing the culture dish in the step (3) in a non-illumination biochemical incubator for culture at 25 ℃, and regularly and quantitatively adding sterile water every day according to a conventional mode to keep the culture dish moist until the culture dish germinates;
(5) Transplanting
Sterilizing the soil of the planting field by using 200 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, transplanting moringa seedlings sprouted to 6-8cm (before cotyledon expansion) into the planting field after sterilization, and respectively inoculating 10mL of OD (origin-destination) in four aspects of east, south and north of each seedling in a root irrigation manner 600 The composite growth-promoting bacterium suspension with the value of 0.5 is subjected to watering and fertilization management; wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 2000 kg/mu, and the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55% of nitrogen, 25% of phosphorus pentoxide, 1.0% of boron, 12% of composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension and the balance of organic matters;
the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension consists of bacillus, lichen and pseudomonas in a volume ratio of 1;
the viable count of the bacillus in the composite growth promoting bacteria suspension is 1 multiplied by 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of lichen bacteria is 0.1 × 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of Pseudomonas was 1.5X 10 10 CFU/mL。
(6) And then, according to the conventional management mode in the field until the moringa oleifera is mature.
Example 3
A method for promoting growth and development of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting bacterium suspension comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Soil preparation
Cutting, drying and burning out the overground weed shrubs, digging deeply and turning up the soil to the depth of 35 cm, removing the roots of the grass on the tree heads, and smashing soil blocks before sowing after weathering for a period of time to fully and finely smash the soil.
(2) Base fertilizer
Irrigating and thoroughly watering the planting field, and applying base fertilizer according to the dosage of 3000 kg/mu after 6 days of irrigation; the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35% of farmyard manure, 50% of nitrogen fertilizer and 15% of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) Dormancy breaking method for moringa seeds
Soaking in sterile water for 10 hr, sterilizing, washing, drying in air, placing in culture dish with sterilized absorbent cotton, adding sterile water to keep the absorbent cotton wet, and soaking the seeds in promoter suspension and regulating solution for 1-5 hr. Wherein the promoter suspension comprises gibberellic acid and isopentenyl adenosine in a volume ratio of 2.5; the regulating solution comprises ferulic acid, 2,6 dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen solution with the volume ratio of 0.5;
(4) Seed cultivation
Placing the culture dish in the step (3) in a non-illumination biochemical incubator at 25 ℃ for culture, and regularly and quantitatively adding sterile water every day according to a conventional mode to keep the culture dish moist until the culture dish germinates;
(5) Transplanting
Sterilizing the soil of the planting field by using 200 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, transplanting moringa seedlings sprouted to 6-8cm (before cotyledon expansion) into the planting field after sterilization, and respectively inoculating 10mL of OD (origin-destination) in four aspects of east, south and north of each seedling in a root irrigation manner 600 The composite growth-promoting bacterium suspension with the value of 0.5 is subjected to watering and fertilization management; wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 2000 kg/mu, and the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55% of nitrogen, 15% of phosphorus pentoxide, 1.0% of boron, 12% of composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension and the balance of organic matters;
the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension consists of bacillus, lichen bacteria and pseudomonas in a volume ratio of 1.5;
the viable count of the bacillus in the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension is 3 multiplied by 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of lichen bacteria is 0.5 × 10 11 CFU/mL, viable count of Pseudomonas was 3X 10 10 CFU/mL。
(6) And then, according to the conventional management mode in the field, until the moringa oleifera is mature.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the dormancy breaking is carried out by using the conventional acid seed soaking in the step (3), and the rest process is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, the dormancy breaking is carried out by using the conventional acid liquor seed soaking in the step (3), a regulating solution is not used, and the rest of the process is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 1, the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension in the step (5) only uses bacillus and pseudomonas, and the rest process is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 4
Compared with the example 1, the composite growth-promoting bacteria suspension in the step (5) consists of bacillus, brevibacterium and photosynthetic bacteria, and the rest process is the same as the example 1.
200 moringa seeds are selected and cultivated by adopting the technical schemes recorded in the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 respectively, the root length, the germination rate and the transplanting survival rate of the moringa seeds in different cultivation methods and the average plant height after 10 months of transplanting are detected, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Moringa oleifera cultivated by different cultivation methods
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the Moringa oleifera seeds obtained by the cultivation in the examples 1-3 of the present application are significantly superior to those in the comparative examples 1-3 including the conventional treatment and the replacement treatment, in terms of germination rate and survival rate of transplantation. In addition, after conventional treatment and replacement treatment, the root length of the moringa seeds and the average plant height after 10 months of growth are obviously influenced, so that the synergistic interaction function among the components is illustrated, and the moringa seeds which are high in survival rate and good in growth and development can be finally cultivated only through the synergistic interaction of the components.
Claims (10)
1. A method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera by using a composite growth-promoting strain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Soaking full moringa seeds in a fruiting clamp in the same year, which are collected by the same mother plant, in sterile water for 10 hours;
(2) Taking out the soaked seeds, sterilizing, cleaning, drying in the air, placing in a culture dish paved with sterilized absorbent cotton, adding sterile water to keep the absorbent cotton moist, and then sequentially placing the seeds in an accelerator suspension and a regulating solution for soaking;
(3) Placing the culture dish in the step (2) in a 30-35 ℃ non-illumination biochemical incubator for culturing until the culture dish germinates to 6-8cm and is transplanted to a planting field; (ii) a
(4) Transplanting the germinated moringa seedlings into a planting field, and carrying out watering and fertilization management; wherein the applied fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of nitrogen, 15-25% of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.8-1.0% of boron and 15-30% of organic matter;
(5) After the moringa seedlings in the step (4) grow leaf blades, respectively inoculating compound growth-promoting bacteria suspension to the east, west, south and north of each seedling in a root irrigation mode;
(6) And then managing according to the conventional method until the moringa oleifera is mature.
2. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 1, wherein the promoter suspension comprises gibberellic acid and isopentenyl adenosine in a volume ratio of 0.5 to 1.
3. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth promoting strain according to claim 2, wherein the volume ratio of the gibberellic acid to the isopentenyl adenosine is 0.5.
4. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera by using the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 1, wherein the regulating solution comprises ferulic acid, 2,6 dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen solution in a volume ratio of 0.5-1.
5. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 4, wherein the conditioning fluid comprises ferulic acid, 2,6 dichloroisonicotinic acid and corn pollen fluid in a volume ratio of 0.5.
6. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution is a plant nutrient solution.
7. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 1, wherein the composite growth-promoting bacterial suspension comprises bacillus, lichen and pseudomonas in a volume ratio of 0.5-1 to 1.
8. The method for promoting growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 7, wherein the ratio of bacillus to lichen to pseudomonas is 0.5.
9. The method for promoting the growth of moringa oleifera with the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 7, wherein the viable count of the bacillus is 1-5 x 10 11 CFU/mL, the viable count of lichen bacteria is 0.1-3 × 10 11 CFU/mL, the viable count of the pseudomonas is 1.5-3 multiplied by 10 10 CFU/mL。
10. The method for promoting moringa oleifera growth by using the composite growth-promoting strain according to claim 7 or 8, wherein seaweed polysaccharide and humic acid are further included in the composite growth-promoting bacterial suspension.
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