CN115627635A - 一种全淀粉浆料及其上浆工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种全淀粉浆料及其上浆工艺,包括淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂,包括以下步骤:称取所需淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂用量;往高压桶内注入所需量的水,开启搅拌器,往高压桶内加入备好的淀粉和降粘剂,关紧调浆桶压盖,升温至118℃,在0.2MPa压力下闷浆30分钟,往常压调浆桶内加入备好的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂,把高压桶内浆液压入常压调浆桶,低速搅拌,调整体积至900L,搅拌10分钟;输出浆液入浆纱机;浆槽温度90-95℃,车速80m/min,设定回潮率,纱线上浆。本发明不但解决了含PVA浆料的污染问题,还弥补了淀粉浆膜缺陷,能增加浆料的流动性,增强浆膜的粘附力,降低经纱的摩擦系数,增加经纱的断裂伸长率,从而提高浆纱性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织浆纱技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种全淀粉浆料及其上浆工艺。
背景技术
浆纱被看成是整个织造生产过程中特别关键的一道工序,它的好坏直接影响织造效率和坯布质量。但是浆纱也是整个生产链污染和能耗最大的工序之一,浆纱工序要求高效率,高质量的同时,还追求节能环保、绿色发展。
目前,用于浆纱的主要浆料有淀粉、PVA、丙烯酸类浆料,辅助加以蜡片、助剂等。PVA退浆废水很难降解,从而使环境受到了严重污染。丙烯酸类有吸湿重粘的缺点,成本高。
为了解决浆料的效果和环保问题,淀粉就目前来说是最适宜代替PVA的浆料。淀粉浆料的价格低廉,操作简单、上浆性能好且是环保型浆料。但淀粉也有其局限性,作为主浆料,淀粉浆膜脆性大、粘度稳定性和浆液流动性差、对合纤粘附力也低、放冷后会凝胶化等问题,这种问题就制约了它在浆纱中的应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种全淀粉浆料及其上浆工艺,全淀粉浆料及其工艺不但解决了含PVA浆料的污染问题,还弥补了淀粉浆膜缺陷,能增加浆料的流动性,增强浆膜的粘附力,降低经纱的摩擦系数,增加经纱的断裂伸长率,从而提高浆纱性能。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种全淀粉浆料,包括以下组分:淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂。
本发明进一步设置为:所述YB全淀粉上浆促进剂由脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、硬脂酸聚氧乙烯醚、乙二醇、丙三醇以及含有多种官能团的有机硅复配物组成。
所述YB全淀粉上浆促进剂为YB-I、YB-II和YB-III中的一种。
所述降粘剂为硫酸铵。
本发明所采用的另一技术方案是:一种全淀粉浆料的上浆工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:准备工作:分别称取所需淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂用量,检查确认设备无异常情况,确认高压调浆桶内无残留物;
步骤2:调配浆液:往高压桶内注入所需量的水,开启搅拌器,往高压桶内加入备好的淀粉和降粘剂,关紧调浆桶压盖,升温至118℃,在0.2MPa压力下闷浆30分钟,往常压调浆桶内加入备好的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂,把高压桶内浆液压入常压调浆桶,低速搅拌,调整体积至900L,搅拌10分钟;
步骤3:输浆前检查:确保浆液粘度在所需范围,输出浆液入浆纱机;
步骤4:纱线上浆:浆槽温度为90-95℃,车速为80m/min,设定回潮率。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:
全淀粉浆料及其工艺采用淀粉为主要浆料,通过添加YB全淀粉上浆促进剂的方法,针对不同纱线的特点,研制了三个系列的专业促进剂,应用于各类纱线,与传统工艺来比较,浆料配方简化,调浆工序耗费的时间短,操作的时候简单实用,浆液粘度和稳定性良好,而在浆纱的增摩率,减伸率和强度都表现优异,织造效率比传统工艺高,浆纱成本大幅下降。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
本发明一种全淀粉浆料,包括以下组分:淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂,YB全淀粉上浆促进剂由脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、硬脂酸聚氧乙烯醚、乙二醇、丙三醇以及含有多种官能团的有机硅复配物组成,YB全淀粉上浆促进剂为YB-I、YB-II和YB-III中的一种,且YB全淀粉上浆促进剂包括粉状与液体两种状态以供上浆过程的添加,降粘剂为硫酸铵,淀粉为与玉米淀粉。
表1:全淀粉工艺和普通工艺的浆料配方
相比于传统工艺,PVA浆膜容易结皮,经纱形成浆癍,本发明的全淀粉浆料不含PVA,成功杜绝了浆癍现象;不含丙稀类、聚脂等吸湿再粘材料,解决了经纱相互粘并、起棉球、甚至因为经纱粘并严重而报废织轴等问题;浆料中不含纳米二氧化硅,解决了浆液堵浆管现象,也解决了二氧化硅浆膜硬度过高,对棕丝、停经片、钢筘的磨损。
浆纱回潮率是浆纱水分含量的质量标准。上浆工艺参数控制的关键环节之一就是直接影响上浆的弹性和柔软度。对于不同类型的纱线而言,设计出来的回潮率也是不同的,回潮率控制的好,可以提高经纱机械性能、提高经纱的强力和断裂伸长率。传统工艺含有PVA和丙烯酸类浆料,PVA在湿度65%以上时要吸收水分,具有一定的吸湿性。丙烯酸类浆料的吸湿性也很强,再粘性会使浆液粘附飞花,使织造困难。所以,传统工艺浆纱的回潮率相对偏低。高回潮设置理论依据及标准回潮率计算:在上浆率10%状态,棉纱线回潮率90%×8.5%(棉纱回潮)=7.65%,淀粉10%×14%(淀粉回潮)=1.4%,7.65%+1.4%=9.05%,在上浆率10%状态下,棉浆纱标准回潮率9.05%。所以,高于9.05%回潮率称之为“高回潮”上浆技术。
与传统工艺相反,全淀粉浆料采用高回潮率上浆,回潮率高,经纱会变得非常柔软,弯曲性也会变得很好,高回潮率可以保证淀粉薄膜的柔韧性,降低薄膜的脆性。
为了验证实际生产中回潮率对上浆质量的影响,参照下列两表,上浆淀粉用量62.5kg,比50㎏强力高。上浆高的强力高,回潮率二个产品都大于15%所以上浆后经纱断裂伸长率高于原纱,而以10.1%为基础强力和断裂伸长率的数据都递增,因此,高回潮率是采用全淀粉浆料工艺的关键技术之一。
表2:高回潮率浆纱和原纱的力学性能指标对比
表3:不同回潮率浆纱的力学性能指标对比
同时,由于浆纱回潮率设置可以高于标准回潮率,这时“水”成为浆料的重要促进剂,从而提高浆膜对纱线的黏附力和浆纱毛羽贴附率,同时又不会使上浆后的纱线相互黏连,影响织造。
本发明所采用的另一技术方案是:一种全淀粉浆料的上浆工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:准备工作:分别称取所需玉米淀粉、硫酸铵和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂用量,检查确认设备无异常情况,确认高压调浆桶内无残留物;
步骤2:调配浆液:往高压桶内注入所需量的水,开启搅拌器,往高压桶内加入备好的玉米淀粉、硫酸铵,(若为粉状的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂则此时也一并加入),关紧调浆桶压盖,升温至118℃,在0.2MPa压力下闷浆30分钟,往常压调浆桶内加入备好的液体的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂(若为粉状的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂,则忽略此项),把高压桶内浆液压入常压调浆桶,低速搅拌,调整体积至900L,搅拌10分钟;
步骤3:输浆前检查:确保浆液粘度在所需范围,输出浆液入浆纱机;
步骤4:纱线上浆:浆槽温度为90-95℃,车速为80m/min,设定回潮率。
全淀粉浆料作为一种新型环保浆料,其上浆工艺要求较高,因此本发明还公开了一种特定的上浆工艺,适合对各类品种上浆,参照表4的实施例,不用产品规格的浆纱加入不同的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂以及不同含量的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂在同一体积下进行对比得出:
表4:应用实例
传统工艺中,PVA含量高,干分绞阻力大,为了保证浆纱质量,只能降低车速,本发明的全淀粉浆料不含PVA,干分绞轻快,无隐形断经,倒断头少,浆纱车速可达80m/min以上。
浆料在混合罐中制备,调浆桶分常压调浆桶和高压调浆桶。常压调浆桶用于传统工艺进行浆液调制,而全淀粉工艺采用的是高压调浆桶进行调制,加以辅助常压调浆桶。浆料在高温高压下进行高速搅拌,强行分解淀粉大分子链,加快了粘着剂的溶解。不仅使浆液均匀,还大大降低了调浆时间。使浆液的性能更加稳定。从而实现:
其一:由于浆料调制的很均匀,上浆的浆膜就会开始变成薄薄的一层。纱线表面覆盖量相应减少,浆膜也会变得更加完整,这是因为浆料都已渗透到纱线内,毛羽贴服好;
其二:由于新工艺使浆纱表面光滑,摩擦系数会变得较小,分绞时阻力也明显降低,二次毛羽就会相应减少;
其三:使浆液渗入纱线内部,纱线的直径相对用PVA浆料要小,从而提高了浆纱的弹性,降低了脆性,这就会相应得提高效率。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例,凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种全淀粉浆料,其特征在于:包括以下组分:淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种全淀粉浆料,其特征在于:所述YB全淀粉上浆促进剂由脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、硬脂酸聚氧乙烯醚、乙二醇、丙三醇以及含有多种官能团的有机硅复配物组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种全淀粉浆料,其特征在于:所述YB全淀粉上浆促进剂为YB-I、YB-II和YB-III中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种全淀粉浆料,其特征在于:所述降粘剂为硫酸铵。
5.一种全淀粉浆料的上浆工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤1:准备工作:分别称取所需淀粉、降粘剂和YB全淀粉上浆促进剂用量,检查确认设备无异常情况,确认高压调浆桶内无残留物;
步骤2:调配浆液:往高压桶内注入所需量的水,开启搅拌器,往高压桶内加入备好的淀粉和降粘剂,关紧调浆桶压盖,升温至118℃,在0.2MPa压力下闷浆30分钟,往常压调浆桶内加入备好的YB全淀粉上浆促进剂,把高压桶内浆液压入常压调浆桶,低速搅拌,调整体积至900L,搅拌10分钟;
步骤3:输浆前检查:确保浆液粘度在所需范围,输出浆液入浆纱机;
步骤4:纱线上浆:浆槽温度为90-95℃,车速为80m/min,设定回潮率。
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