CN115625770B - 一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115625770B CN115625770B CN202211549521.3A CN202211549521A CN115625770B CN 115625770 B CN115625770 B CN 115625770B CN 202211549521 A CN202211549521 A CN 202211549521A CN 115625770 B CN115625770 B CN 115625770B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bamboo
- bamboo chips
- chips
- putting
- drying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/025—Controlling the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/18—Compounds of alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/15—Decontamination of previously treated wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,其步骤:竹材去除竹青、竹黄后加工成竹片,干燥后放入氯化胆碱‑乳酸低共熔溶剂中,在110℃后反应30min~45min,然后清洗,去除部分木质素;竹片放入乙酸/过氧化氢混合溶液中,在80℃后反应45min~1h,再清洗至中性,完全去除木质素;脱木质素后竹片分别放入氯化钙溶液、碳酸钠溶液中进行浸渍,进行水洗脱盐处理后放至气干;将气干后竹片浸渍酚醛树脂后将竹片低温干燥至含水率为12%~14%;将低温干燥后的竹片按顺纹方向装入模具中,先冷压再热压后分阶段降压冷却脱模。该方法缩短了脱木质素处理时间,在微纳米纤维素表面形成疏水表面,得到具有阻燃和防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,属于竹材加工领域。
背景技术
竹材,作为一种可持续的生物质原料,由于生长周期短、力学强度高、可降解等优点,逐渐被应用于制备高强度的轻质结构工程材料。但是竹材作为一种生物质材料,具有易燃和热稳定性差等缺点,限制了其在交通和运输等方面的应用。目前,为了充分利用竹材单元组分优异力学强度的优势,相关研究人员通过对天然竹材利用过氧化氢和乙酸进行脱木质素处理后浸渍酚醛树脂或环氧树脂等,使其填充到竹材的孔隙结构中制备成高性能的结构用材。通过脱木质素处理后,竹材细胞组织被分离,比表面积提高,但是竹材中纤维素分子链上大量存在的羟基等亲水性基团导致其尺寸稳定性较差,因此浸渍树脂使其填充到竹材空隙结构中以提高其尺寸稳定性。而且传统的过氧化氢和乙酸脱木质素方法存在预处理液浓度高、消耗大且回收困难等问题,严重污染环境。除此以外,相关研究人员为了改善竹材的阻燃性能,利用浸渍无机盐离子的方法使其填充在竹材表面和内部,竹材内部的羟基基团和多孔结构为其提供了良好的沉积条件,但是最终竹材的尺寸稳定性不会得到明显提高,依然限制其应用范围。因此,制备一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材十分重要。
发明内容
本发明提供一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,该方法首先是通过对竹材进行低共熔溶剂预处理后进行过氧化氢/乙酸处理,极大程度上缩短了传统脱木质素处理时间,降低消耗并且将竹材分离成具有微/纳米纤维素网络结构的竹片,然后利用碳酸钠和氯化钙将碳酸钙纳米颗粒原位沉积在竹片中的微纳米纤维素表面,填充竹片的内部孔隙并在表面形成均匀的疏水层,进行酚醛树脂渍后定向重组,填充竹材纤维和纤维之间的空隙,最终热压密实化成具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
本发明的技术解决方案:一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,具体步骤包括如下:
(一)竹材去除竹青、竹黄后加工成一定宽度的竹片,干燥至含水率为8~10%;
(二)将干燥后的竹片放入配置好的氯化胆碱-乳酸低共熔溶剂中,通过油浴锅装置加热至110℃后反应30min~45min,反应结束后用丙酮和去离子水混合溶液清洗多余的反应溶液,最终用去离子水清洗,去除竹片中部分木质素;
(三)将低共熔溶剂处理后的竹片放入乙酸/过氧化氢混合溶液中,通过水浴锅装置加热至80℃后反应45min~1h,反应结束后用去离子水清洗至中性,完全去除竹片中的木质素;
(四)将脱木质素竹片分别放入氯化钙溶液中进行真空浸渍45min~60min后常压浸渍45min~60min,浸渍结束后的竹片置于干燥箱中烘干。随后,将其放入碳酸钠溶液中进行真空浸渍45min~60min后常压浸渍45min~60min,反应完成后对其进行水洗脱盐处理,脱盐处理后放至气干;
(五)将气干后的碳酸钙矿化竹片放入酚醛树脂中,使样品完全没入酚醛树脂液面下常压浸渍10~15min,真空浸渍6~10min,浸渍完成后将竹片低温干燥至含水率为12%~14%;
(六)将低温干燥后的竹片按顺纹方向装入模具中,放入平板硫化机中在0.5MPa下冷压15~20min后成型,随后在130~140℃的高温下热压5~10min,单位压力为4.0MPa,最后分阶段降压并冷却至40~50℃脱模,即制备成具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
本发明的优点:
(一)利用低共熔溶剂联合传统脱木质素方法对竹片进行处理,脱除竹材中的木质素和部分半纤维素,提高其比表面积,将竹材分离成具有微/纳米纤维素网络结构的竹片,为碳酸钙的沉积提供了良好的条件。除此以外,低共熔溶剂的预处理极大程度上缩短了传统脱木质素的时间,消耗降低且在一定程度上解决了环境污染的问题。
(二)利用氯化钙和碳酸钠对竹片进行原位矿化,使碳酸钙纳米颗粒沉积在竹片中的微/纳米纤维素表面,能显著提高竹材的阻燃性能;之后进一步浸渍酚醛树脂并热压重组,填充竹材纤维与纤维之间的空隙,提高竹材的尺寸稳定性和力学性能,最终形成一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
(三)通过工艺控制在竹片中的微纳米纤维素表面覆盖均匀的纳米碳酸钙颗粒后形成疏水层,在一定程度上增强了竹片的疏水性能,提高了其尺寸稳定性。
具体实施方式
一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(一)竹材去除竹青、竹黄后加工成一定宽度的竹片,干燥至含水率为8~10%;
(二)将干燥后的竹片放入配置好的氯化胆碱-乳酸低共熔溶剂中,通过油浴锅装置加热至110℃后反应30min~45min,反应结束后用丙酮和去离子水混合溶液清洗多余的反应溶液,最终用去离子水清洗,去除竹片中部分木质素;
(三)将低共熔溶剂处理后的竹片放入乙酸/过氧化氢混合溶液中,通过水浴锅装置加热至80℃后反应45min~1h,反应结束后用去离子水清洗至中性,完全去除竹片中的木质素;
(四)将脱木质素竹片分别放入不同浓度的氯化钙溶液中进行真空浸渍45min~60min后常压浸渍45min~60min,浸渍结束后的竹片置于干燥箱中烘干。随后,将其放入不同浓度的碳酸钠溶液中进行真空浸渍45min~60min后常压浸渍45min~60min,反应完成后对其进行水洗脱盐处理,脱盐处理后放至气干;
(五)将气干后的碳酸钙矿化竹片放入酚醛树脂中,使样品完全没入酚醛树脂液面下常压浸渍10~15min,真空浸渍6~10min,浸渍完成后将竹片低温干燥至含水率为12%~14%;
(六)将低温干燥后的竹片按顺纹方向装入模具中,放入平板硫化机中在0.5MPa下冷压15~20min后成型,随后在130~140℃的高温下热压5~10min,单位压力为4.0MPa,最后分阶段降压并冷却至40~50℃脱模,即制备成具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
实施例1
(一)将竹材去除竹青、竹黄后加工成20mm宽的竹片。将竹片在100℃下烘干至含水率为8%左右。最后放入温度为25℃、相对湿度为65%的气候箱中平衡处理。
(二)配置摩尔比为1:9的氯化胆碱/乳酸混合溶液,然后将步骤(一)准备好的竹片按照固液比为1:5的比例放入配置好的溶液中,充分混合后放入110℃的油浴锅中加热45min,反应完成后用质量比为1:1的丙酮和去离子水混合溶液清洗多余的反应溶液,最终用去离子水清洗并烘干至含水率为8%左右。
(三)配置体积比为1:1的乙酸/过氧化氢混合溶液,然后将步骤(二)干燥好的竹片放入配置好的溶液中,充分混合后放入80℃的水浴锅中加热1h,反应完成后用质量比为1:1的乙醇/去离子水混合溶液震荡清洗,最终用去离子水清洗至中性后烘干至含水率为10%左右。
(四)在室温条件下,分别配置0.1mol/L浓度的氯化钙溶液和0.1mol/L浓度的碳酸钠溶液。然后将步骤(三)干燥完成的竹片浸渍到氯化钙溶液中,保持真空浸渍60min,压力为-0.1MPa;取出后在常温常压下浸渍60min,然后取出试件置于干燥箱中烘干。随后,将其浸渍到碳酸钠溶液真空浸渍60min,压力为-0.1MPa;取出后常温常压下浸渍60min,反应完成后再对处理过的竹片进行水洗脱盐处理,脱盐处理后放至气干。最终将其放入20±2℃,湿度(60±5)%的恒温恒湿箱中保存备用。
(五)将步骤(四)中干燥的竹片放入酚醛树脂中,使竹片完全没入酚醛树脂液面下常压浸渍10min,真空浸渍10min,浸渍完成后将竹片在不超过80℃下低温干燥至含水率为12%左右;
(六)将低温干燥后的竹片按顺纹方向上下多层组坯装入模具中,每层中的竹片横向拼接、纵向加长,放入平板硫化机中在0.5MPa下冷压15min后成型,随后将压机升高温度至140℃,升温速率为20℃/min,热压时间为10min,单位压力为4.0MPa,最后分阶段降压并冷却至40℃左右脱模,即制备成具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
所制备的重组竹的拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别为536.8MPa和58.6GPa,静曲强度和弹性模量分别为358.6MPa和34.2GPa,吸水率为5.36%,厚度膨胀率为2.14%,宽度膨胀率为0.61%,热释放速率和总热释放量分别为390.2Kw/m2和57.4MJ/m2,烟释放速率和烟释放量分别为0.017m2/s和2.34m2/Kg,最大平均散热率为210.5MJ/m2。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的不同在于:在室温条件下,分别配置0.5mol/L浓度的氯化钙溶液和0.5mol/L浓度的碳酸钠溶液。
所制备的重组竹的拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别为583.6MPa和63.6GPa,静曲强度和弹性模量分别为374.8MPa和39GPa,吸水率为2.19%,厚度膨胀率为0.68%,宽度膨胀率为0.13%,热释放速率和总热释放量分别为302.6Kw/m2和47.9MJ/m2,烟释放速率和烟释放量分别为0.009m2/s和1.25m2/Kg,最大平均散热率为189.7MJ/m2。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例1的不同在于:在室温条件下,分别配置0.9mol/L浓度的氯化钙溶液和0.9mol/L浓度的碳酸钠溶液。
所制备的重组竹的拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别为543.8MPa和49.8GPa,静曲强度和弹性模量分别为364.2MPa和35.6GPa,吸水率为5.47%,厚度膨胀率为2.24%,宽度膨胀率为0.72%,热释放速率和总热释放量分别为378.4Kw/m2和52.3MJ/m2,烟释放速率和烟释放量分别为0.015m2/s和1.92m2/Kg,最大平均散热率为202.3MJ/m2。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例1的不同在于:在室温条件下,分别配置1.3mol/L浓度的氯化钙溶液和1.3mol/L浓度的碳酸钠溶液。
所制备的重组竹的拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别为529.4MPa和47.6GPa,静曲强度和弹性模量分别为360.8MPa和33.8GPa,吸水率为6.21%,厚度膨胀率为2.67%,宽度膨胀率为0.87%,热释放速率和总热释放量分别为342.5Kw/m2和49.1MJ/m2,烟释放速率和烟释放量分别为0.012m2/s和1.64m2/Kg,最大平均散热率为195.8MJ/m2。
Claims (5)
1.一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法:其特征是,包括下述步骤:
(一)竹材去除竹青、竹黄后加工成一定宽度的竹片,干燥至含水率为8~10%;
(二)将干燥后的竹片放入配置好的氯化胆碱/乳酸低共熔溶剂中,通过油浴锅装置加热至110℃后反应30min~45min,反应结束后用丙酮和去离子水混合溶液清洗多余的反应溶液,最终用去离子水清洗,去除竹片中部分木质素;
(三)将低共熔溶剂处理后的竹片放入乙酸/过氧化氢混合溶液中,通过水浴锅装置加热至80℃后反应45min~1h,反应结束后用去离子水清洗至中性,完全去除竹片中的木质素;
(四)将脱木质素竹片放入氯化钙溶液中进行真空浸渍45min~60min后常压浸渍45min~60min,浸渍结束后的竹片置于干燥箱中烘干;随后,将其放入碳酸钠溶液中进行真空浸渍45min~60min后常压浸渍45min~60min,反应完成后对其进行水洗脱盐处理,脱盐处理后放至气干;
(五)将气干后的碳酸钙矿化竹片放入酚醛树脂中,使样品完全没入酚醛树脂液面下常压浸渍10~15min,真空浸渍6~10min,浸渍完成后将竹片低温干燥至含水率为12%~14%;
(六)将低温干燥后的竹片按顺纹方向装入模具中,放入平板硫化机中在0.5MPa下冷压15~20min后成型,随后在130~140℃的高温下热压5~10min,单位压力为4.0MPa,最后分阶段降压并冷却至40~50℃脱模,即制备成具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,其特征是所述步骤(一)包括如下具体内容:
竹材去除竹青、竹黄后加工成20mm宽的竹片;将竹片在100℃下烘干至含水率为8%~10%;最后放入温度为25℃、相对湿度为65%的气候箱中平衡处理。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,其特征是所述步骤(二)包括如下具体内容:
配置摩尔比为1:9的氯化胆碱/乳酸混合溶液,然后将步骤(一)准备好的竹片按照固液比为1:5的比例放入配置好的溶液中,充分混合后放入110℃的油浴锅中加热30min~45min,反应完成后用质量比为1:1的丙酮和去离子水混合溶液清洗多余的反应溶液,最终用去离子水清洗并烘干至含水率为8%~10%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,其特征是所述步骤(三)包括如下具体内容:
配置体积比为1:1的乙酸/过氧化氢混合溶液,然后将步骤(二)干燥好的竹片放入配置好的溶液中,充分混合后放入80℃的水浴锅中加热45min~1h,反应完成后用质量比为1:1的乙醇/去离子水混合溶液震荡清洗,最终用去离子水清洗至中性后烘干至含水率为8%~10%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法,其特征是所述步骤(四)包括如下具体内容:
在室温条件下,分别配置0.1~1.3mol/L浓度的氯化钙溶液和碳酸钠溶液;然后将步骤(三)干燥完成的竹片浸渍到氯化钙溶液中,保持真空浸渍45min~60min,压力为-0.1MPa;取出后在常温常压下浸渍45min~60min,然后取出试件置于干燥箱中烘干;随后,将其浸渍到碳酸钠溶液真空浸渍45min~60min,压力为-0.1MPa;取出后常温常压下浸渍45min~60min,反应完成后再对处理过的竹片进行水洗脱盐处理,脱盐处理后放至气干;最终将其放入20±2℃,湿度(60±5)%的恒温恒湿箱中保存备用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211549521.3A CN115625770B (zh) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | 一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211549521.3A CN115625770B (zh) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | 一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115625770A CN115625770A (zh) | 2023-01-20 |
CN115625770B true CN115625770B (zh) | 2023-03-31 |
Family
ID=84909964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211549521.3A Active CN115625770B (zh) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | 一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN115625770B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116100646B (zh) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-03-19 | 中南林业科技大学 | 负载仿叶片状石墨烯层的改性木材及其制备方法和应用 |
CN116787566B (zh) * | 2023-07-24 | 2024-03-08 | 南京林业大学 | 磺化秸秆阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106182298B (zh) * | 2016-07-18 | 2017-08-25 | 国际竹藤中心 | 一种纳米碳酸钙原位改性竹材的制备方法 |
CN108772922B (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-09-14 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | 基于高压密实化的木竹材增强树脂复合材料的制备方法 |
CN109015982B (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-07-10 | 南京林业大学 | 一种利用地热水在竹/木材表面构建超疏水层的制备方法 |
CN111136746B (zh) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-03-05 | 淮阴师范学院 | 一种竹材脱糖方法、防腐竹板用竹丝束的制备方法 |
CN112356196A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-12 | 重庆大学 | 一种高性能“竹钢”复合材料的制备方法 |
CN114227831A (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 苏州昆仑绿建木结构科技股份有限公司 | 一种高强度胶合木的制造技术 |
CN114454280B (zh) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-05-23 | 浙江农林大学 | 一种木质单板调节色差的方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-12-05 CN CN202211549521.3A patent/CN115625770B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN115625770A (zh) | 2023-01-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN115625770B (zh) | 一种具有阻燃、防水功能的高强度竹重组材的制备方法 | |
CN108772922B (zh) | 基于高压密实化的木竹材增强树脂复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN111002413B (zh) | 一种改性木材及改性木材的制备方法和应用 | |
US20220412002A1 (en) | Bamboo structures, and methods for fabrication and use thereof | |
CN112356196A (zh) | 一种高性能“竹钢”复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN111531662A (zh) | 一种竹拼板的加工方法 | |
CN114227831A (zh) | 一种高强度胶合木的制造技术 | |
CN113858374B (zh) | 一种生物质基环保阻燃纤维板制备方法 | |
Zou et al. | High‐strength wood‐based composites via laminated delignified wood veneers with different adhesive contents for structural applications | |
CN108340461B (zh) | 一种新型重组木制造方法 | |
CN110670392B (zh) | 一种改性牛皮纸生产耐火板的加工工艺 | |
CN103395108A (zh) | 一种实木门窗用木料压花制备工艺 | |
CN115385709A (zh) | 一种碳碳复合材料快速致密的方法 | |
CN114851323B (zh) | 高强度柔性透明竹材的制备方法 | |
CN108312274A (zh) | 一种木质陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN110564106A (zh) | 一种用于玻璃纤维杆的高强度合成树脂及其制备方法 | |
CN113386229A (zh) | 一种抗弯折高强度板材的生产方法 | |
CN110561570A (zh) | 一种络合竹材、络合竹材人造板及其制备方法 | |
CN113733273A (zh) | 一种木材增重增硬方法 | |
CN109371742B (zh) | 一种杯垫纸及其制备方法 | |
CN111618962A (zh) | 一种实木地热地板坯板的改性方法 | |
CN112372780A (zh) | 一种改善竹材轴向易发生层间断裂的加工工艺 | |
CN110576481A (zh) | 一种新型竹木重组结构加工工艺 | |
CN110802700B (zh) | 一种浸渍烟熏炭化木的制备方法 | |
CN113510811B (zh) | 2d树脂-硅酸钠复合增强杨木的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |