CN115584452B - Anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings and application thereof - Google Patents
Anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-deformation and shape correction device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of aluminum alloy castings, and comprising a support base, wherein the support base is integrally provided with a rotary structure with a cross beam in an inner cavity, and the cross beam divides the support base into four fan-shaped operation windows; the X-direction gear is unidirectionally fed and supported and is arranged on one beam of the cross beams in a sliding manner; the Y-direction lead screw bidirectional feed support is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner; the workpiece fixing mechanism is arranged on at least two corresponding fan-shaped operation windows. The method effectively reduces the deformation phenomenon of the aluminum alloy casting caused by overlarge internal stress in the heat treatment quenching process, ensures the structural size of the casting end frame, ensures the integral stability of the aluminum alloy casting, and can calibrate the local deformation of the aluminum alloy casting after the heat treatment to obtain a qualified casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting preparation, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device and application.
Background
With the development of aerospace technology, the aluminum alloy is more and more widely applied, and particularly, the cast aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small volume and mass, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good cutting processability and the like, and plays an important role in mass production. In order to further improve the performance index of the cast aluminum alloy, the cast aluminum alloy is finally subjected to solution treatment, aging and other heat treatment processes to obtain the required mechanical properties. Because the large aluminum alloy casting has large size, uneven wall thickness and complex shape, the heat treatment has specificity and complexity, and the uncontrollable factors are increased, the heat treatment defects such as unqualified mechanical properties, deformation, cracks and the like are extremely easy to generate. Under the existing equipment and process conditions, the heat treatment qualification rate of large aluminum alloy castings is always low-level loitering, wherein the part out-of-tolerance caused by heat treatment deformation accounts for a large part of the part out-of-tolerance. At present, in order to solve the problem of overlarge deformation of heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, heating process control is generally adopted: the surface temperature rise of the part is fast, the core temperature rise is slow, and the thermal stress exists when the temperature difference exists between the surface and the core; the faster the heating speed is, the larger the temperature difference is, and the larger the generated thermal stress is, so that the heating speed can be reduced by delaying the heating rate of the part in heating, the thermal stress is reduced, and the deformation of the part in heating is effectively reduced. The heating speed of the parts with small general size and simple shape has little influence on the deformation of the parts, the process can be directly heated to the specified heating temperature, and the heating speed is determined by the heating capacity of the equipment; however, in the case of large aluminum alloy castings, the effect of the heating rate on the deformation of the part is remarkable due to the large dimensional change and the complicated shape, and the heating process of the solution treatment must be controlled in order to reduce the thermal stress generated during the heating.
At present, the following specific measures are adopted for preventing the heat treatment deformation of the large aluminum alloy castings: controlling the temperature rising speed, increasing the isothermal stage, controlling the feeding temperature of the part, controlling the part in the quenching process and correcting the part. Specifically, under the condition that the equipment condition is satisfied, the temperature rising rate, especially the rate of a high-temperature section, is reduced, so that the surface temperature and the core temperature of the casting tend to be consistent; the isothermal stage is added, so that the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the part in the heating process is effectively reduced, and the deformation is reduced; in continuous production, if the next furnace part enters the furnace immediately after the quenching of the furnace part, the temperature in the furnace is still high in practice, which is disadvantageous in controlling the heating speed, so that it is necessary to control the furnace entering temperature, and the furnace entering temperature is generally controlled to be less than 300 ℃; for cast aluminum alloy solution treatment, the higher the cooling speed is, the more the generated thermal stress is, the more the part is easy to deform, the cooling speed is properly reduced on the premise of ensuring that a second phase is not precipitated in the cooling process, the part deformation can be effectively reduced, as the cast aluminum alloy solution treatment generally adopts water as a cooling medium, the cooling capacity of the water can be regulated through water temperature, so that the purpose of controlling the cooling speed is achieved, the cooling capacity of the water is rapidly reduced along with the rising of the temperature, the water temperature is generally regulated to be 60-100 ℃, the influence of the water temperature on the cooling speed must be considered for large aluminum alloy castings, the cooling speed is strictly controlled, the water temperature is increased under the premise of ensuring the cooling effect, the cooling deformation of the part is reduced, and the water temperature is properly increased according to the actual conditions of the castings, such as the shape of the part, the material grade and the like; the correction is an effective means for eliminating and reducing the deformation of the parts, not all parts are suitable for correction due to the structural limitation of the parts, some parts can be corrected, some parts cannot be corrected, and for the parts which can be corrected, if the deformation of the heat treatment cannot meet the machining requirement, the correction can be performed by utilizing the characteristics of low strength and good plasticity of the cast aluminum alloy after solution treatment and before artificial aging, such as the correction by adopting methods of jack expansion, weight extrusion and the like. The solution is a conventional measure for preventing the deformation of the heat treatment of the large casting at present, but the deformation problem of the shell in the heat treatment process cannot be effectively and completely eradicated.
The Chinese patent No. 108823517A discloses a shape follow-up micro-constraint rigid support device for controlling the deformation of a thin-wall aluminum alloy casting and a heat treatment method, wherein the shape follow-up micro-constraint rigid support device comprises a bottom tray and a shape follow-up framework arranged on the bottom tray, the shape follow-up framework is shaped along with the inner cavity of the casting, a threaded hole is arranged on the shape follow-up framework, a bolt is arranged in the threaded hole from inside to outside, the bolt corresponds to the intersection point of a longitudinal rib and a circular rib of the inner cavity of the casting, and a plurality of openings are further arranged on the shape follow-up framework. By adopting the device arranged in the mode, the multipoint uniform micro-constraint rigid support can be formed on the inner cavity of the casting, and the deformation in the height direction and the circumferential direction in the casting treatment process can be effectively reduced through the support of the bottom tray on the casting; and (3) carrying out local shape correction by adjusting the feeding amount of the supporting bolt to obtain a qualified casting.
However, when the shape follow-up micro-constraint rigid support device for controlling the deformation of the thin-wall aluminum alloy casting performs local shape correction, the shape follow-up micro-constraint rigid support device is realized by adjusting the feeding amount of the support bolts arranged on the device, the operation is complex, and the accurate shape correction treatment cannot be performed on the deformation occurring at the position where the support bolts are not arranged.
Disclosure of Invention
The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more thorough understanding of the other features, objects, and advantages of the present application.
The invention provides an anti-deformation and shape correction device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting and a use method thereof, which effectively reduce the deformation phenomenon of the aluminum alloy casting caused by overlarge internal stress in the heat treatment quenching process, ensure the structural size of an end frame of the casting, ensure the integral stability of the aluminum alloy casting, and perform shape correction treatment on the local deformation of the aluminum alloy casting to obtain a qualified casting.
The invention discloses an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, which comprises a supporting base, wherein the supporting base is of a rotary structure with a cross beam in an inner cavity, and the cross beam divides the supporting base into four fan-shaped operation windows; the X-direction gear is unidirectionally fed and supported and is arranged on one beam of the cross beams in a sliding manner; the Y-direction lead screw bidirectional feed support is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner; the workpiece fixing mechanism is arranged on at least two corresponding fan-shaped operation windows.
In some embodiments, the cross beam further comprises an operation window disposed at the cross beam crossing portion; the first dovetail groove is arranged on one beam of the cross beams; the second dovetail groove is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam.
In some embodiments, the number of the unidirectional feeding supports of the X-direction gears is two, the two unidirectional feeding supports of the X-direction gears are symmetrically arranged in the two first dovetail grooves on the cross beam, and each unidirectional feeding support of the X-direction gears further comprises a first dovetail slide block which is slidably arranged on the first dovetail groove; the first arc-shaped support is arranged at one end of the first dovetail sliding block; the gear groove is arranged on the first dovetail sliding block; the gear type bolt is arranged on the gear groove; and the top nut is arranged on the gear type bolt.
In some embodiments, the Y-direction screw bidirectional feed support is a symmetrical structure, and the Y-direction screw bidirectional feed support further includes two second dovetail sliders slidably disposed on the second dovetail grooves, respectively; the second arc supports are respectively arranged at one ends of the two second dovetail sliding blocks; the two rectangular feeding blocks are fixedly arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two second dovetail sliding blocks respectively; the two ends of the lead screw are respectively connected with the two rectangular feeding blocks; and the lug is arranged in the middle of the screw rod and corresponds to the operation window at the crossing part of the cross beam, and the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is symmetrically arranged on the second dovetail groove relative to the lug.
In some embodiments, the workpiece fixing mechanism further comprises an anti-rotation baffle rotatably arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window; and the fixed pressing plate is arranged on the outer end face of the fan-shaped operation window.
In some embodiments, the cross beam further comprises a mounting boss disposed on an arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window, and the anti-rotation baffle and the fixed pressing plate are disposed on the inner cavity surface and the outer end surface of the mounting boss, respectively.
In some embodiments, the anti-rotation baffle further comprises a baffle plate disposed on an inner cavity surface of the mounting boss; the locating pin column is arranged on the baffle plate, and penetrates through the baffle plate to be installed on the inner cavity surface of the installation boss.
In some of these embodiments, the fixed platen further includes a platen disposed at an outer end surface of the mounting boss; the bolt is arranged on the pressing plate, and penetrates through the pressing plate to be installed on the outer end face of the installation boss.
In another aspect, the invention discloses a method for applying the heat treatment deformation resistance and the deformation resistance of the device for correcting the shape of the aluminum alloy casting exemplified in any embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
fixing the aluminum alloy casting: horizontally lifting an aluminum alloy casting, tightly attaching the upper end surface of the support base to the bottom end surface of the aluminum alloy casting, and respectively adjusting the positions of the unidirectional feeding support of the X-direction gear and the bidirectional feeding support of the Y-direction screw rod to ensure that the outer end surfaces of the first arc-shaped support and the second arc-shaped support are slightly smaller than the inner opening of the aluminum alloy casting; rotating the bolts to enable the pressing plate to press the flange surface in the end surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell, and rotating the anti-rotation baffle plate to enable the baffle plate to be buckled with the pressing plate; tightening the gear type bolt and the lug to ensure that the torque of the gear type bolt and the lug reaches 30-40 Nm;
and (3) heat treatment: and carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the aluminum alloy casting and the aluminum alloy casting together by the heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device.
In some of these embodiments, a shaping step is further included, the shaping step further including:
the measuring step comprises the following steps: measuring the bottom end inner diameter size of the aluminum alloy casting obtained by cooling after the heat treatment step;
and (3) position correction: for deformation of a certain position after measurement, the gear in the X direction is unidirectionally fed and supported to be opposite to the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the rotation cycle number of the gear type bolt is adjusted according to the measured deformation amount to correct the shape;
and/or a symmetrical position correction step: for the measured symmetrical position deformation, the arc-shaped supporting surface of the bidirectional feed support of the Y-direction screw rod is opposite to the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the screw rod is twisted according to the measured deformation amount to correct the shape;
and/or a multi-position sizing step: and carrying out multiple composite correction on the measured multiple position deformations by combining the one-position correction step and the symmetrical position correction step until the dimensional requirement is met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting, which can effectively reduce the deformation phenomenon of the aluminum alloy casting caused by overlarge internal stress in the heat treatment quenching process, ensure the structural size of an end frame of the casting, ensure the integral stability of the aluminum alloy casting, and perform shape correcting treatment on the local deformation of the aluminum alloy casting to obtain a qualified casting; the invention also provides a method for applying the heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device of the aluminum alloy casting to resist deformation and shape correction, which is simple to operate, improves the deformation resistance of the aluminum alloy casting, and effectively controls the deformation problem of the aluminum alloy casting shell in the heat treatment process; and the deformed shell can be locally and accurately shaped to obtain a qualified aluminum alloy casting.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device for aluminum alloy castings, which is provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus for heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction of aluminum alloy castings provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support base of an aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an unidirectional feeding support for an X-direction gear of an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a bidirectional feed support for a Y-direction screw of an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an anti-rotation baffle of an anti-deformation and shape correction device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fixing platen of an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
description of the drawings: 1. the device comprises a supporting base, 11, a cross beam, 111, a square operation window, 112, a first dovetail groove, 113, a second dovetail groove, 12, a fan-shaped operation window, 13 and a mounting boss; 2. the X-direction gear is unidirectionally fed and supported, 21, a first dovetail sliding block, 22, a first arc-shaped support, 23, a gear groove, 24, a gear type bolt, 25 and a top nut; 3. the Y-direction screw rod is bidirectionally fed to be supported, 31, a second dovetail sliding block, 32, a second arc-shaped support, 33, a rectangular feeding block, 34, a screw rod, 35 and a lug; 41. anti-rotation baffle 411, baffle, 412, locating pin, 42, fixed clamp plate, 421, clamp plate, 422, bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present invention, and it is possible for those of ordinary skill in the art to apply the present invention to other similar situations according to these drawings without inventive effort. Moreover, it should be appreciated that while such a development effort might be complex and lengthy, it would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, or manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, and thus should not be construed as having the benefit of this disclosure.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is to be expressly and implicitly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments of the invention can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "a," "an," "the," and similar referents in the context of the invention are not to be construed as limiting the quantity, but rather as singular or plural. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "connected," "connected," and the like in connection with the present invention are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term "plurality" as used herein means two or more. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, are merely distinguishing between similar objects and not representing a particular ordering of objects.
The embodiment of the invention provides an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting and application thereof, in particular to an anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of a revolving body aluminum alloy structural member and application thereof, and fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting according to the embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus includes at least: the device comprises a supporting base 1, an X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support 2, a Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support 3 and a workpiece fixing mechanism. Referring to fig. 3, the whole support base 1 has a rotary structure with a cross beam 11 in the inner cavity, an operation window 111 is arranged at the crossing part of the cross beam 11, and the operation window 111 is preferably in a square structure; the cross beam 11 divides the support base 1 into four fan-shaped operation windows 12, and at least two opposite arc-shaped inner cavity surfaces of the fan-shaped operation windows 12 are provided with mounting bosses 13; one of the cross beams 11 is provided with a first dovetail groove 112, and the other beam is provided with a second dovetail groove 113; the bottom of the first dovetail groove 112 is provided with a mounting through hole, and the mounting boss 13 is provided with a fixing through hole.
Referring to fig. 4, the unidirectional feeding support 2 for the gear in the X direction is slidably arranged on one of the cross beams 11, so as to ensure the stability of the structural dimension of the aluminum alloy casting in the X direction. The number of the unidirectional feeding supports 2 for the X-direction gears is two, the two unidirectional feeding supports for the X-direction gears are symmetrically arranged in the two first dovetail grooves on the cross beam, each unidirectional feeding support 2 for the X-direction gears comprises a first dovetail sliding block 21 arranged on the first dovetail groove 112 in a sliding mode, a first circular arc-shaped support 22 arranged at one end of the first dovetail sliding block 21, a gear groove 23 arranged on the first dovetail sliding block 21, a gear type bolt 24 arranged on the gear groove 23, and a top nut 25 arranged on the gear type bolt 24. The gear groove 23 is preferably in an oval structure and is arranged in the middle of the first dovetail sliding block 21; the gear type bolt 24 is attached to the gear groove 23 via the top nut 25, and the gear type bolt 24 is twisted by a wrench to realize feeding of the unidirectional feeding support 2 for the gear in the X direction.
Referring to fig. 5, the Y-direction screw bi-directional feeding support 3 has a symmetrical structure, is slidably disposed on the other cross beam of the cross beam 11, and is fed by twisting the square bump 35 by a wrench. The two-way feed support 3 of the Y-direction screw rod comprises two second dovetail sliding blocks 31 which are respectively arranged on the second dovetail grooves 113 in a sliding manner, two second arc-shaped supports 32 which are respectively arranged at one ends of the two second dovetail sliding blocks 31, two rectangular feed blocks 33 which are respectively fixedly arranged at the upper end surfaces of the two second dovetail sliding blocks 31, a screw rod 34 of which two ends are respectively connected with the two rectangular feed blocks 33, and square convex blocks 35 which are arranged at the middle part of the screw rod 34 and correspond to operation windows arranged at the crossing parts of the cross beams, wherein the two-way feed support of the Y-direction screw rod is symmetrically arranged on the second dovetail grooves relative to the convex blocks. Wherein, the rectangular feeding block 33 is provided with a Y-direction threaded hole, and the lead screw 34 is connected with the rectangular feeding block 33 through a gear thread; the square lug 35 is twisted by a spanner to realize the feeding of the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support 3.
The workpiece fixing mechanism of the embodiment of the invention further comprises an anti-rotation baffle 41 rotatably arranged on the arc inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window 12 and a fixed pressing plate 42 arranged on the outer end surface of the fan-shaped operation window 12. Referring to fig. 6, the anti-rotation baffle 41 further includes a baffle 411 provided on an inner cavity surface of the mounting boss 13 and a positioning pin 412 provided on the baffle 411, and the baffle 411 is rotated by the positioning pin 412. Wherein, baffle 411 is rectangular structure, and set up the locating round hole on the baffle 411, locating pin post 412 passes locating round hole, the through-hole of installation boss 13 inner chamber face in proper order, compresses tightly the fixed with baffle 411 and installation boss 13 inner chamber face. Referring to fig. 7, the fixed pressing plate 42 further includes a pressing plate 421 disposed on an outer end surface of the mounting boss 13, and a bolt 422 disposed on the pressing plate 421, wherein the pressing plate 421 has a rectangular structure, and a threaded hole is disposed on the pressing plate 421, and the bolt 422 sequentially passes through the threaded hole and the through hole of the outer end surface of the mounting boss 13 to compress the pressing plate 421 with the outer end surface of the mounting boss 13.
The heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device for the aluminum alloy castings ensures the structural dimension of the casting end frames in the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy castings, prevents deformation phenomenon caused by overlarge internal stress in the quenching process, ensures the overall stability and structural dimension of the aluminum alloy castings, has the correction capability of a deformation shell, and is particularly suitable for deformation resistance and local shape correction of the end parts of the rotary aluminum alloy castings. Before heat treatment, the inner diameter sizes of the rotary aluminum alloy casting at the same height positions in the four directions are respectively measured by using an inner micrometer or a vernier caliper, the deformation condition of the aluminum alloy casting shell is judged according to the measurement results, and the deformation of the aluminum alloy casting shell is small before heat treatment; in the quenching process, the aluminum alloy casting is deformed and even scrapped due to internal stresses such as thermal stress, tissue stress and the like caused by various factors such as large casting size, uneven wall thickness, complex shape, large temperature gradient of the aluminum alloy casting and a quenching medium, tissue transformation and the like.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for applying the deformation resistance and the deformation resistance of the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment device listed in any embodiment, which comprises the steps of aluminum alloy casting fixing and heat treatment, specifically, lifting the aluminum alloy casting by using tools such as a crane lifting appliance and the like, so that the aluminum alloy casting shell is horizontally placed, and the flange surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell is ensured to have an operable space; the upper end face of the support base 1 is tightly attached to the bottom end face of an aluminum alloy casting, and the positions of the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support 2 and the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support 3 are respectively adjusted, so that the outer end faces of the first arc-shaped support 22 and the second arc-shaped support 32 are slightly smaller than the inner opening of the aluminum alloy casting; the pressing plate 421 is pressed against the flange surface in the end surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell by the rotating bolts 422, the baffle plate 411 is rotated to be just clamped with the pressing plate 421 by rotating the anti-rotation baffle plate 41, and the pressing plate 421 is prevented from rotating and falling off when the flange of the shell is pressed; using a torque socket spanner to respectively tighten the gear type bolts 24 from the counter bore end surface of the nut 25 at the top of the back of the support base 1 until the torque reaches 30-40 Nm; then using a torque wrench to clamp the bump 35 from the operation window 111 at the back of the support base 1 until the torque reaches 30-40 Nm; and carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the heat treatment anti-deformation and shape correction device of the aluminum alloy casting and the aluminum alloy casting, and taking down the heat treatment anti-deformation and shape correction device of the aluminum alloy casting after the heat treatment is finished and the aluminum alloy casting is cooled to room temperature.
Because the aluminum alloy casting is subjected to heat treatment and has one deformation, two symmetrical position deformations or a plurality of position deformations, the method for resisting deformation of the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment and the deformation of the deformation resisting device of the embodiment of the invention further comprises a deformation correcting step, and the deformation positions of the aluminum alloy casting subjected to heat treatment are subjected to the deformation correcting treatment. The shape correction step further comprises a measurement step, and/or a position correction step, and/or a symmetrical position correction step, and/or a plurality of position correction steps, specifically, an inside micrometer or a vernier caliper is adopted to respectively measure the inside diameter sizes of the aluminum alloy castings at the same height positions in four directions, and the inside diameter sizes are compared with the casting images according to the size detection results; for deformation at a certain position, the gear wheel in the X direction is unidirectionally fed to the support 2 to be opposite to the deformation position, after the aluminum alloy casting fixing step is performed, the gear type bolt 24 is screwed tightly from the back of the support base 1 by using a socket wrench, a certain number of gear pitch sizes are outwards supported along the deformation direction when the gear type bolt 24 rotates for one circle, the rotation number of the gear type bolt 24 is adjusted according to the deformation measurement, and partial correction is performed, so that a qualified casting is obtained; for deformation of certain two symmetrical positions, after the second arc-shaped supporting surface 32 is opposite to the deformation position and is fastened according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, a spanner is used for clamping the lug 35 from the square operation window 111 at the back of the supporting base 1, the screw rod 34 is twisted according to the measured deformation, the screw pitch size of the screw rod is respectively and outwards supported along the deformation two directions every time the screw rod 34 rotates for one circle, the rotation cycle number of the lug 35 is adjusted according to the measured deformation, and local correction is performed, so that a qualified casting is obtained; and for the deformation of multiple positions, combining the one-position correction step and the symmetrical position correction step for multiple times of composite correction to obtain the qualified casting.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An aluminum alloy casting heat treatment anti-deformation and shape correction device is characterized in that: comprising
The support base is of a rotary structure with a cross beam in an inner cavity, the cross beam divides the support base into four fan-shaped operation windows, and a hollowed-out operation window is further arranged at the crossing part of the cross beam;
the two X-direction gears are supported in a one-way feeding way, are symmetrically and slidably arranged on one beam of the cross beams relative to the hollowed-out operation window;
a Y-direction screw bidirectional feed support, which is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner, and the hollowed-out operation window exposes an operation lug positioned on the Y-direction screw bidirectional feed support; and
The workpiece fixing mechanism is arranged on at least two corresponding fan-shaped operation windows;
the cross beam further comprises:
the first dovetail groove is arranged on one beam of the cross beams; and
The second dovetail groove is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam;
the two unidirectional feeding supports of the X-direction gear are symmetrically arranged in the two first dovetail grooves on the cross beam, and each unidirectional feeding support of the X-direction gear further comprises:
the first dovetail sliding block is arranged on the first dovetail groove in a sliding manner;
the first arc-shaped support is arranged at one end of the first dovetail sliding block;
the gear groove is arranged on the first dovetail sliding block;
the gear type bolt is arranged on the gear groove; and
The top nut is arranged on the gear type bolt;
the Y-direction screw bi-directional feeding support is of a symmetrical structure, and the Y-direction screw bi-directional feeding support further comprises:
the two second dovetail sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the second dovetail grooves in a sliding manner;
the second arc supports are respectively arranged at one ends of the two second dovetail sliding blocks;
the two rectangular feeding blocks are fixedly arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two second dovetail sliding blocks respectively;
the two ends of the lead screw are respectively connected with the two rectangular feeding blocks; and
And the lug is arranged in the middle of the screw rod and corresponds to the hollowed-out operation window at the crossing part of the cross beam, and the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is symmetrically arranged on the second dovetail groove relative to the lug.
2. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device according to claim 1, wherein: the workpiece fixing mechanism further comprises
The anti-rotation baffle is rotatably arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window;
and the fixed pressing plate is arranged on the outer end face of the fan-shaped operation window.
3. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device according to claim 2, wherein: the cross beam further comprises
The installation boss is arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window, and the anti-rotation baffle plate and the fixed pressing plate are respectively arranged on the inner cavity surface and the outer end surface of the installation boss.
4. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device according to claim 3, wherein: the anti-rotation baffle further comprises
The baffle is arranged on the inner cavity surface of the installation boss;
the locating pin column is arranged on the baffle plate, and penetrates through the baffle plate to be installed on the inner cavity surface of the installation boss.
5. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device according to claim 3, wherein: the fixed platen further comprises
The pressing plate is arranged on the outer end face of the installation boss;
the bolt is arranged on the pressing plate, and penetrates through the pressing plate to be installed on the outer end face of the installation boss.
6. A method for applying the heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device of the aluminum alloy casting according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
fixing the aluminum alloy casting: horizontally lifting an aluminum alloy casting, tightly attaching the upper end surface of the support base to the bottom end surface of the aluminum alloy casting, and respectively adjusting the positions of the unidirectional feeding support of the X-direction gear and the bidirectional feeding support of the Y-direction screw rod to ensure that the outer end surfaces of the first arc-shaped support and the second arc-shaped support are slightly smaller than the inner opening of the aluminum alloy casting; rotating the bolts to enable the pressing plate to press the flange surface in the end surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell, and rotating the anti-rotation baffle plate to enable the baffle plate to be buckled with the pressing plate; the gear type bolt and the lug are twisted tightly to enable the torque of the gear type bolt and the torque of the lug to reach 30-40 Nm;
and (3) heat treatment: and carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the aluminum alloy casting and the aluminum alloy casting together by the heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction device.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: further comprises a shaping step, wherein the shaping step further comprises
The measuring step comprises the following steps: measuring the bottom end inner diameter size of the aluminum alloy casting obtained by cooling after the heat treatment step;
and (3) position correction: for deformation of a certain position after measurement, the gear in the X direction is unidirectionally fed and supported to be opposite to the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the rotation cycle number of the gear type bolt is adjusted according to the measured deformation amount to correct the shape;
and/or a symmetrical position correction step: for the measured symmetrical position deformation, the arc-shaped supporting surface of the bidirectional feed support of the Y-direction screw rod is opposite to the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the screw rod is twisted according to the measured deformation amount to correct the shape;
and/or a multi-position sizing step: and carrying out multiple composite correction on the measured multiple position deformations by combining the one-position correction step and the symmetrical position correction step until the dimensional requirement is met.
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