CN108788610B - Adjustable flat plate welding fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable flat plate welding fixture, which relates to the field of welding and comprises a workbench, a bearing plate, a guide device, a positioning device, a clamping device, a lateral clamping device, an angle adjusting device, a rapid angle adjusting device, a supporting seat, a flat plate and the like; the guide device comprises a bearing plate and a guide sliding seat; the positioning device comprises a guide sliding seat and a positioning sliding block; the clamping device comprises a spiral screw rod, a positioning slide block and a pressing plate; the lateral clamping device comprises a spiral screw rod, a fixed support and a pressing plate; the angle adjusting device comprises a guide shaft, an index plate, a gasket and a locking nut; the quick angle adjusting device comprises a supporting frame, a supporting shaft and double-lug chain rings. The invention has simple structure, easy replacement and high recycling property, can adjust different welding angles, different clamping positions and different clamping forces in a flat plate welding test, simultaneously ensures the laminating performance between welding parts, has convenient and quick adjustment mode and can effectively save the time of mechanical tooling.

Description

An adjustable flat plate welding fixture

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to an adjustable flat plate welding fixture.

Background technique

With the development of science and technology, welded structures have been widely used in various industrial fields, and the development of welding technology is also changing with each passing day. In addition to traditional manual arc welding, submerged arc welding, electroslag welding, etc., a large number of new welding methods such as laser welding, friction stir welding, electron beam welding and laser hybrid welding have been developed, and welding robots have also been obtained in industrial production. a wide range of applications. Compared with the riveted structure, the welded structure can save materials, reduce the quality of some large mechanical equipment, simplify the complexity of the structure, improve the production efficiency of enterprises and reduce the labor intensity of workers. Therefore, with the development of new energy vehicles, large ships, bridges, petrochemicals, aerospace and other fields, the performance requirements for key components are becoming more stringent. The safety of these structures directly affects the normal operation of equipment and the life and property of users. Safety and the development of industrial production.

In the actual welding process, cracks, pores, fatigue failure, etc. are typical failure modes of welded structures. How to optimize the design of the fixture, prolong the service performance of the welded structure, and reduce the fatigue failure of the structure has become the focus of attention. During the welding process, a large residual tensile stress is generated inside the weld, which causes a large warpage deformation of the weldment after cooling, which greatly reduces the performance of the weldment. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of the welded structure, the influence of different process parameters such as welding angle, clamping force, clamping position and welding speed on the welding quality is studied, and the optimal process parameters are selected to improve the welding quality and study the welding quality. The effect of seam quality on the fatigue properties of weldments is crucial. At present, the fixtures used to study the effect of weld quality are usually complicated in structure, cannot guarantee the overall fit performance of the weldment during welding, and are expensive and simple in type, which cannot meet the adjustable angle, clamping force and position in the flat plate welding test. Adjusted synchronization requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the shortcomings of the welding jig in the welding technology, the components of the welding fixture are complex, the manufacturing cost is expensive, the welding performance is poor, and the welding angle is not adjustable. The adjustment of different welding angles of the fixture, the selection of different clamping positions, the control of the clamping force and the guarantee of the fit performance between the welding parts, at the same time, it provides several common flat plate welding angle quick adjustment devices, and its structure is simple , Multi-angle adjustment, low manufacturing cost, and diversified adjustment methods, which can meet most welding experiments or laser additive remanufacturing experiments. Performance of welded structures.

The present invention achieves the above technical purpose through the following technical means.

An adjustable flat plate welding fixture, comprising a worktable, a guide and positioning clamping device, a lateral clamping device, a quick angle adjustment device, a positioning shaft, a support seat, and a fastening bolt;

The guiding, positioning and clamping device includes a carrying plate A, a guiding slide A, a carrying plate B and a guiding slide B; the worktable is provided with a carrying plate A and a carrying plate B; the carrying plate A and the carrying plate B The mating sides are connected together by a positioning shaft; the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B can rotate around the positioning shaft; the two ends of the positioning shaft are arranged on the support seat through rolling bearings; the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B are on the positioning shaft A guide sliding seat A and a guiding sliding seat B are arranged in the direction; a T-shaped block is arranged at the lower end of the guiding sliding seat A and the guiding sliding seat B, and the T-shaped block can be perpendicular to the T-shaped groove opened by the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B. slide on the positioning shaft; the upper ends of the guide slide A and the guide slide B are provided with slide rails along the direction of the positioning shaft, and the slide rails are slidably connected with the positioning slide block A and the positioning slide block B; the positioning slide blocks A, The positioning slider B is installed with a screw screw A and a screw screw B; the other ends of the screw screw A and the screw screw B extend out of the positioning slider A, and the positioning slider B is in contact with the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B;

The lateral clamping device includes a screw screw C, a fixed support A, a pressing plate C, a screw screw D, a fixed support B, and a pressing plate D; the fixed support A and the fixed support B have a structure. The same, both are L-shaped; one end of the fixed support A and the fixed support B are respectively connected to the carrying plate A and the carrying plate B by bolts; the other ends of the fixed support A and the fixed support B are opened There is a threaded hole, and a screw screw C and a screw screw D are installed in the screw hole; the ends of the screw screw C and the screw screw D are respectively connected with a pressing plate C and a pressing plate D;

The quick angle adjustment device includes a support frame, a support shaft and a double ear link; both ends of the support shaft are supported by the double ear link; the double ear link is respectively arranged under the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B. One end of the support frame is rotatably connected to the support shaft, and the other end of the support frame is arranged in the circular groove opened by the workbench; the lower surfaces of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B are provided with grooves, and the support frame can be placed in the groove .

Further, the welding fixture also includes an angle adjustment device, and the angle adjustment device includes a guide shaft A, a guide shaft B, an indexing plate, and a locking nut; both sides of the worktable along the direction of the positioning axis are provided with indexing. The indexing plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove and is engraved with an angle value; the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B are parallel to the positioning shaft, and the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B are respectively on the bearing plate A and the bearing plate. On the lower end surface of B, the two ends of the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B are arranged in the arc-shaped grooves opened by the indexing plate through locking nuts, and the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B can be respectively opened along the openings on the indexing plate. The arc slot slides.

Further, a through slot is opened in the middle of the worktable, and the width of the through slot is smaller than the width of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B, so that when the welding angle is 0°, the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B can be placed horizontally on the working plate. on stage.

Further, five pairs of circular grooves are symmetrically opened on the bottom surface of the through groove of the worktable along the direction of the positioning axis.

Further, 5 pairs of circular grooves correspond to five welding angles θ, when θ is 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, the position of the support frame; the horizontal projection distance between the center line of the circular groove and the positioning axis The relationship between L ₁ and the angle θ should satisfy:

其中，角度θ为承载板A、承载板B的中心线与水平面之间的夹角，L₂为支撑架上下两端中心线之间的距离，L₃为双耳链环中心孔的中心线与其固定在承载板A、承载板B的底面之间的垂直距离，L₄为定位轴的中心线与双耳链环的中心线之间的距离在承载板A、承载板B底面方向上的投影距离，H₁为定位轴的中心线与工作台中间开的通槽底面之间的距离。进一步的，所述承载板A与承载板B之间的夹角为α，其中夹角α的范围为

其中H₂为承载板A、承载板B调节到极限位置时，螺旋丝杆A、螺旋丝杆B靠近定位轴的一侧分别与对应的承载板A、承载板B中心线之间的距离，L₅为螺旋丝杆A、螺旋丝杆B靠近定位轴一侧与定位轴中心线之间的距离在承载板A、承载板B底面方向上的投影距离。

Among them, the angle θ is the angle between the center line of the carrier plate A and the carrier plate B and the horizontal plane, L ₂ is the distance between the center lines of the upper and lower ends of the support frame, and L ₃ is the center line of the center hole of the double ear link The vertical distance between the bottom surfaces of the carrier plate A and the carrier board B, L ₄ is the distance between the center line of the positioning shaft and the center line of the double ear link in the direction of the bottom surfaces of the carrier board A and the carrier board B. Projection distance, H ₁ is the distance between the center line of the positioning axis and the bottom surface of the through groove opened in the middle of the table. Further, the included angle between the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B is α, and the range of the included angle α is

Wherein H ₂ is the distance between the side of the helical screw A and the helical screw B close to the positioning axis and the corresponding center lines of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B respectively when the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B are adjusted to the limit positions, L ₅ is the projected distance of the distance between the side of the screw A and the screw B close to the positioning axis and the centerline of the positioning axis on the direction of the bottom surface of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B.

Further, the guiding and positioning clamping device further includes a pressing plate A and a pressing plate B; the pressing plate A and the pressing plate B are respectively installed on the screw rod A and the screw rod B.

Further, during welding, place the flat plate A and the flat plate B on the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B, and tighten the screw screw A and the screw screw B so that the screw screw A and the screw screw B are close to the flat plate A. , Plate B.

Further, one end of the flat plate A and the flat plate B are respectively fixed by the pressing plate C and the pressing plate D.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The device provided by the present invention can adjust different welding angles, select different clamping positions, and control the magnitude of different clamping forces according to the needs of the test. The fit performance avoids welding defects caused by insufficient fit.

2. The device provided by the present invention provides a rapid angle adjustment device, that is, according to the generally required flat welding angle of the test, the rapid adjustment of the welding angle is realized by changing the position of the support frame, which is convenient and quick.

3. The device provided by the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to replace, has high recyclability, can be adjusted from multiple angles, and can be adjusted in a variety of ways, which can satisfy most welding experiments or experimental research on laser additive manufacturing, and is helpful for changing the experiment. process parameters to obtain the optimal solution.

4. The carrier plate and the indexing plate in the device provided by the present invention are marked with scales with equal intervals, which is convenient for the positioning of the flat plate to be welded and the guide shaft, and it is convenient to control the angle of the flat plate welding, so as to realize the accurate positioning and the welding of the flat plate. Control, easy to operate.

5. The setting of pressing plate A, pressing plate B, pressing plate C, and pressing plate D can ensure the accurate positioning of the plate during welding, and at the same time ensure the welding quality.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

2 is a top view of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a carrier plate with a scale.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping device with a scale.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the indexing plate with a scale scale.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the position B of FIG. 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

8 is a schematic diagram of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the position A of FIG. 9 of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

1- Workbench, 2- Bearing plate A, 3- Support frame, 4- Pressing plate C, 5- Fixed support A, 6- Screw screw C, 7- Guide shaft A, 8- Indexing plate, 9 - Guide carriage A, 10-positioning shaft, 11-support base, 12-plate A, 13-plate B, 14-guide shaft B, 15-carrying plate B, 16-screw screw B, 17-positioning slider B, 18-pressing plate B, 19-screw screw D, 20-fixed support B, 21-pressing plate D, 22-guide slide B, 23-lock nut, 24-fastening bolt, 25 - Gasket, 26- Rolling bearing, 27- Screw screw A, 28- Positioning slider A, 29- Pressing plate A, 30- Support shaft, 31- Double ear link.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer" etc. describe the orientation or positional relationship It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of description and understanding of the present invention, rather than indicating that the device or element designed in the present invention must have a specific orientation and position, so it cannot be regarded as a limitation of the present invention.

The design purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable functional plate welding fixture, which can realize the adjustment of different welding angles of the welding fixture, the selection of different clamping positions, the control of the clamping force, and the improvement of the bonding performance between the welding parts. At the same time, it provides several commonly used quick adjustment devices for flat welding angles, which have the advantages of simple structure, multi-angle adjustment, low manufacturing cost, and diversified adjustment methods. parameter.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an adjustable functionalized flat plate welding fixture includes a workbench 1, a guide positioning clamping device, a lateral clamping device, an angle adjustment device, a quick angle adjustment device, a positioning shaft 10, a support seat 11, flat plate A12, flat plate B13, and fastening bolts 24; the guide device includes a bearing plate A2, a guiding sliding seat A9, a bearing plate B15 and a guiding sliding seat B22; A through hole, a rolling bearing 26 is placed in the through hole, and the positioning shaft 10 is used to pass through the rolling bearing 26 to cooperate, and the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 can rotate around the positioning shaft 10; the two ends of the positioning shaft 10 are respectively placed on the two support seats 11 In the opened circular hole, a rolling bearing 26 is placed in the circular hole; the two support seats 11 are respectively placed symmetrically on the center line of the workbench 1 and fixed on the workbench 1 by screws. As shown in FIG. 3 , the left and right sides and the middle positions of the upper surfaces of the carrier plate A2 and the carrier plate B 15 are respectively marked with scale scales. The positioning of the flat plate B13, the guide slide A9, and the guide slide B22. The left and right sides of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 15 are respectively provided with T-shaped grooves, and the length of the T-shaped groove is 40-50 mm less than the length of the bearing plate. Both are provided with circular through holes, and the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 can pass through the circular through holes at the free movable ends; in the normal direction of the free movable ends of the carrier plate A2 and the carrier plate B15, a pair of threaded holes are opened to fix the support A5 , The fixed support B20 is respectively fixed on the bearing plate A 2 and the bearing plate B 15 through the threads provided by the bolts; there are square grooves at the left and right corners of the free movable ends of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 15 to avoid The interference between the round through hole and the T-slot opened on the guide slide.

1, 2, and 4, the positioning device includes a guide slide A9, a positioning slide A28, a guide slide B22 and a positioning slide B17; the clamping device includes a screw screw A27, a positioning slide Slider A28, pressing plate A29, screw screw B16, positioning slider B17, pressing plate B18; the lateral clamping device includes screw screw C6, fixed support A5, pressing plate C4, screw screw Rod D19, fixed support B20, pressing plate D21. There are through grooves on the upper surface of the guide slider A9 and the guide slider B22, and the front and rear sides of the positioning slider A28 and the positioning slider B17 have square protrusions. The groove slides left and right; the inner side of the lower end of the guide slide A9 and the guide slide B 22 has a T-shaped protrusion, which can slide back and forth along the T-shaped grooves opened on the left and right sides of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 22. The guide slide A9, The upper surface of the guide slider B22 is marked with a scale scale, which ranges from 0mm to 320mm, and is used for the determination of the clamping position. The screw screw A27 and screw screw B16 are screwed into the threaded holes opened in the middle of the positioning slider A28 and the positioning slider B17 respectively, and the bottom end of the screw screw is screwed into the compression plate A29 and the middle of the compression plate B18 respectively. Threaded holes, the screw A27, the screw B16 and the pressing plate A29 and the pressing plate B18 are respectively fixed by two pairs of jacking screws. The screw screw C6 and screw screw D19 are screwed into the threaded through holes opened in the middle of the fixed support A5 and the fixed support B20 respectively, and the bottom end of the screw screw is screwed into the middle of the pressing plate C4 and the pressing plate D21. Threaded holes are used to fix the screw screw C6, screw screw D19, pressing plate C4, and pressing plate D21 together through two pairs of jacking screws.

其中H₂为承载板A2、承载板B15调节到极限位置时，螺旋丝杆A27、螺旋丝杆B16靠近定位轴10的一侧分别与对应的承载板A2、承载板B15中心线之间的距离，L₅为螺旋丝杆A27、螺旋丝杆B16靠近定位轴10一侧与定位轴10中心线之间的距离在承载板底面方向上的投影距离。1, 2, and 5, the angle adjustment device includes a guide shaft A7, a guide shaft B14, an indexing plate 8, a washer 25, and a lock nut 23; the rapid angle adjustment device includes a support frame 3. The support shaft 30 and the double ear link 31 . The two indexing discs 8 are placed symmetrically on the left and right sides of the workbench 1 respectively, and are fixed on the workbench 1 by three pairs of fastening bolts 24 . As shown in Figures 5, 6, and 9, the two indexing discs 8 are provided with arc-shaped grooves and engraved with angle values, ranging from 0° to 90° to 0°, and the interval between the angle values is 1°. The guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 can slide along the arc grooves on the indexing plate 8 respectively to adjust the angle. When the welding angle is adjusted, the two ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 are tapped with threads. They are respectively fixed on the indexing plate 8 through the washer 25 and the locking nut 23; the circular surfaces at both ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 are marked with pointing marks, which are convenient to determine the current angular position of the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13; The included angle between the carrier plate A2 and the carrier plate B15 is α, and the range of the included angle α is

Wherein H ₂ is the distance between the side of the helical screw A27 and the helical screw B16 close to the positioning shaft 10 and the centerline of the corresponding bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 when the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 are adjusted to the limit position, respectively. , L ₅ is the projected distance of the distance between the side of the screw screw A27 and the screw screw B16 close to the positioning shaft 10 and the centerline of the positioning shaft 10 in the direction of the bottom surface of the bearing plate.

其中角度θ为承载板A2、承载板B15的中心线与水平面之间的夹角，L₂为支撑架3上下两端中心线之间的距离，L₃为双耳链环31中心孔的中心线与其固定在承载板A2、承载板B15的底面之间的垂直距离，L₄为定位轴10的中心线与双耳链环31的中心线之间的距离在承载板底面方向上的投影距离，H₁为定位轴10的的中心线与工作台1中间开的通槽底面之间的距离。如图10所示，平板A12、平板B13的高度范围为0～(H₂-H₃)mm，其中H₂为导向滑座A9、导向滑座B22的底端分别与承载板A2、承载板B15上表面之间的垂直距离，H₃为压紧板A29、压紧板B18的厚度。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the bottom surface of the carrier plate A2 and the carrier plate B15 are respectively provided with concave grooves, and a pair of double ear links 31 are welded in the middle of the top of the concave grooves; the support shaft 30 can pass through a pair of double The through hole in the middle of the ear chain ring 31 is matched with the support frame 3, and the two ends of the support shaft 30 are fixed on the double ear chain ring 31 through the washer 25 and the locking nut 23; There are five pairs of grooves, respectively corresponding to the position of the support frame 3 when the five commonly used specific welding angles θ (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°) are located, and the center line of the groove is horizontal to the positioning axis 10 The relationship between the projection distance L ₁ and the angle θ should satisfy:

The angle θ is the included angle between the center line of the carrier plate A2 and the carrier plate B15 and the horizontal plane, L ₂ is the distance between the center lines of the upper and lower ends of the support frame 3, and L ₃ is the center of the center hole of the double ear link 31 The vertical distance between the line and the bottom surface of the carrier board A2 and the carrier board B15, L4 is the projection distance of the distance between the center line of the positioning shaft ₁₀ and the center line of the double ear link 31 on the direction of the bottom surface of the carrier board , H ₁ is the distance between the center line of the positioning shaft 10 and the bottom surface of the through groove opened in the middle of the table 1 . As shown in FIG. 10 , the heights of the flat plates A12 and B13 are in the range of 0 to (H ₂ -H ₃ ) mm, where H ₂ is the guide slide A9 and the bottom ends of the guide slide B22 and the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate respectively. The vertical distance between the upper surfaces of B15, H3 is the thickness _of the pressing plate A29 and the pressing plate B18.

Example 1:

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, taking the flat plate welding angle of 180° as an example, the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 15 are placed symmetrically and horizontally on the table 1, and the rolling bearing 26 is placed in the circular through hole on the matching side. Put the two indexing plates 8 on the workbench 1 respectively, and fix the indexing plate 8 through 3 pairs of fastening bolts 24; the positioning shaft 10 passes through the through hole opened in the middle of the indexing plate 8 and the middle of the two support seats 11 In the placed rolling bearing 26, the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 15 in the matching side rolling bearing 26, the two ends of the positioning shaft 10 are fixed on the indexing plate by a pair of washers 25 and locking nuts 23; The T-shaped block at the lower end of the guide slider B 22 slides into the middle position of the bearing plate through the T-shaped grooves on the left and right sides of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 15 respectively. , The positioning slider B 17 is positioned to the middle position along the through grooves provided at the upper ends of the guide slider A 9 and the guide slider B 22, respectively, and screw the screw screw A 27 and screw screw B 16 into the corresponding positions. The slider A 28, the positioning slider B 17, the pressing plate A 29, and the pressing plate B 18, respectively connect the screw screw A 27 and screw screw B 16 with the pressing plate A 29, pressing Fastening plate B 18 is fixed; guide shaft A 7 and guide shaft B 14 pass through two indexing discs 8, carrier plate A 2, carrier plate B 15, guide shaft A 7, guide shaft B 14 on both ends of the circle Point to 0°, use two pairs of washers 25 and lock nuts 23 to fix both ends of the guide shaft A 7 and the guide shaft B 14 on the indexing plate; connect the fixed support A5 and the fixed support B 20 by bolts respectively It is fixed on the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B 15. The screw screw C 6 and the screw screw D 19 are screwed into the fixed support A5, the fixed support B 20, the pressing plate C 4 and the pressing plate D respectively. 21. Use two pairs of jacking screws to correspondingly fix the screw screw C6, screw screw D19, pressing plate C4, and pressing plate D21 together.

其中T₁为数显扭矩扳手的读数，K为拧紧力矩系数，d₁为螺旋丝杆C 6、螺旋丝杆D 19的公称直径；利用数显扭矩扳手分别旋转螺旋丝杆A 27、螺旋丝杆B 16，使得数显扭矩扳手上的读数一致，保证了平板A 12、平板B 13法向夹紧，避免焊接过程中产生变形，压紧板A 29、压紧板B 18对平板A 12、平板B 13的法向夹紧力记为

其中T₂为数显扭矩扳手的读数，K为拧紧力矩系数，d₂为螺旋丝杆A 27、螺旋丝杆B 16的公称直径。通过改变数显扭矩扳手上的读数T₁、T₂，可以改变平板A 12、平板B 13所受到的夹紧力大小，通过调节定位滑块A 28、定位滑块B 17、导向滑座A 9、导向滑座B 22的位置，可以改变不同的夹紧位置，进而进行一系列的工艺参数对焊接实验影响的研究。Working process: The welding angle of the flat plate is 180°, and there is no need to adjust the position of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B 14. The labels on both ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B 14 point to 0°, that is, the welding angle at this time is 180° °, place the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 on the carrier board A 2 and the carrier board B 15 correspondingly. Use the digital display torque wrench to rotate the screw screw C 6 and screw screw D 19 respectively, so that the readings on the digital display torque wrench are consistent, and the fitting performance of the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 is guaranteed. The lateral clamping force of the clamping plate D 21 on the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 is recorded as

Among them, T ₁ is the reading of the digital torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, and d ₁ is the nominal diameter of the screw screw C 6 and screw screw D 19; use the digital torque wrench to rotate the screw screw A 27 and screw screw A 27 respectively. The rod B 16 makes the readings on the digital torque wrench consistent, ensures the normal clamping of the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13, and avoids deformation during the welding process. , the normal clamping force of plate B 13 is recorded as

Among them, T ₂ is the reading of the digital torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, and d ₂ is the nominal diameter of the screw A 27 and the screw B 16. By changing the readings T ₁ and T ₂ on the digital torque wrench, the clamping force of the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 can be changed. 9. The position of the guide slide B 22 can be changed to different clamping positions, and then a series of process parameters influence on the welding experiment can be studied.

Example 2:

As shown in Figures 7 to 10, taking the flat plate welding angle of 150° as an example, the bearing plate A 2 and the bearing plate B 15 are placed symmetrically and horizontally on the table 1, and the rolling bearing is placed in the round through hole on the matching side. 26; Put the two indexing discs 8 on the workbench 1 respectively, and fix the indexing discs 8 through 3 pairs of fastening bolts 24; the positioning shaft 10 passes through the through holes opened in the middle of the indexing discs 8, and the two support bases 11 In the rolling bearing 26 placed in the middle, the bearing plate A 2 and the bearing plate B 15 in the matching side rolling bearing 26, the two ends of the positioning shaft 10 are fixed on the indexing plate by a pair of washers 25 and locking nuts 23; A 9. The guide sliding seat B22 slides into the middle position of the bearing plate through the T-shaped grooves opened on the left and right sides of the bearing plate A 2 and the bearing plate B 15 respectively. According to the scale marked on the upper end of the guide sliding seat, position the positioning slider A 28. Position the The slider B 17 is positioned to the middle position along the through grooves opened at the upper ends of the guide slider A 9 and the guide slider B22, respectively, and screw the screw screw A 27 and screw screw B 16 into the positioning slider A correspondingly. 28. Positioning slider B 17, pressing plate A 29, pressing plate B 18, and correspondingly connect the screw screw A27 and screw screw B 16 to the pressing plate A 29 and pressing plate B 18 through two pairs of jacking screws Fix; put the guide shaft A 7 and the guide shaft B 14 through the two indexing discs 8, the carrier plate A 2, the carrier plate B 15, and the marks on the circular surfaces at both ends of the guide shaft A 7 and the guide shaft B 14 point to 0° , use two pairs of washers 25 and lock nuts 23 to fix both ends of the guide shaft A 7 and the guide shaft B 14 on the indexing plate; the fixed support A 5 and the fixed support B 20 are respectively fixed on the indexing plate by bolting On the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, the screw screw C6 and the screw screw D19 are screwed into the fixed support A5, the fixed support B20, the pressing plate C4, and the pressing plate D21, respectively. The screw screw C6, screw screw D19, pressing plate C4 and pressing plate D21 are fixed together correspondingly by using two pairs of jacking screws.

Working process: When the flat plate welding angle is 150°, there are two ways to adjust the welding angle θ:

Method 1: Adjust the position of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14, move the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 along the arc groove of the indexing plate 8, and the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 drive the connected bearing Plate A 2 and carrier plate B 15 are rotated by corresponding angles, and the labels on both ends of the guide shaft point to 15°, that is, the welding angle at this time is 150°;

其中T₃为数显扭矩扳手的读数，K为拧紧力矩系数，d₃为螺旋丝杆C 6、螺旋丝杆D 19的公称直径；利用数显扭矩扳手分别旋转螺旋丝杆A 27、螺旋丝杆B16，使得数显扭矩扳手上的读数一致，保证了平板A 12、平板B 13法向夹紧，避免焊接过程中产生变形，压紧板A 29、压紧板B 18对平板A 12、平板B 13的法向夹紧力记为

其中T₄为数显扭矩扳手的读数，K为拧紧力矩系数，d₄为螺旋丝杆A 27、螺旋丝杆B 16的公称直径。通过改变数显扭矩扳手上的读数T₃、T₄，可以改变平板A 12、平板B 13所受到的夹紧力大小，通过调节定位滑块A 28、定位滑块B 17、导向滑座A 9、导向滑座B 22的位置，可以改变不同的夹紧位置，进而进行一系列的工艺参数对焊接实验影响的研究。在角度调节方面，提供了一般的角度调节装置和快速角度调节装置，可以实现对称角度的平板焊接和不对称角度的平板焊接，一般角度调节装置通过导向轴在分度盘8的弧形槽上滑动，可以实现不同角度的精细调节，刻度标尺的精度为1°，可以满足不同的焊接角度的需求；快速角度调节装置，主要针对几种试验中常用的焊接角度θ(15°、30°、45°、60°、75°)来对支撑架3的支撑位置进行设计，可以快速的定位到需要焊接的角度，减少人工调整所需要的时间，简单快捷。Method 2: There are five pairs of grooves symmetrically front and rear on the bottom surface of the through groove of the worktable 1, corresponding to the five commonly used specific welding angles θ (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°), so the load The support frame 3 connected to the bottom surface of the board A 2 and the carrier board B 15 is lifted up to the 15° position corresponding to the first groove, that is, the welding angle at this time is 150°. Place the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 on the carrier board A 2 and the carrier board B 15 correspondingly, and the center line of the welding seam is consistent with the vertical direction of the center line of the mating side of the two carrier boards. Use the digital display torque wrench to rotate the screw screw C 6 and screw screw D 19 respectively, so that the readings on the digital display torque wrench are consistent, and the fitting performance of the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 is guaranteed. The lateral clamping force of the clamping plate D 21 on the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B 13 is recorded as

Among them, T3 is the reading _of the digital torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, and _d3 is the nominal diameter of the screw screw C6 and screw screw D 19; use the digital display torque wrench to rotate screw screw A 27 and screw screw The rod B16 makes the readings on the digital torque wrench consistent, ensures the normal clamping of the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13, and avoids deformation during the welding process. The normal clamping force of plate B 13 is recorded as

Among them, T ₄ is the reading of the digital torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, and d ₄ is the nominal diameter of the screw A 27 and the screw B 16. By changing the readings T ₃ and T ₄ on the digital torque wrench, the clamping force of the flat plate A 12 and the flat plate B 13 can be changed. 9. The position of the guide slide B 22 can be changed to different clamping positions, and then a series of researches on the influence of process parameters on the welding experiment are carried out. In terms of angle adjustment, a general angle adjustment device and a quick angle adjustment device are provided, which can realize the flat plate welding of symmetrical angle and the flat plate welding of asymmetric angle. Sliding, can achieve fine adjustment of different angles, the accuracy of the scale scale is 1°, which can meet the needs of different welding angles; the quick angle adjustment device is mainly for the welding angles θ (15°, 30°, θ (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°) to design the support position of the support frame 3, which can quickly locate the angle that needs to be welded, reduce the time required for manual adjustment, and is simple and fast.

Throughout the description and patent claims, specific terms refer to specific features or components, as those of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that different people may use different names to refer to the same features or components. This document is not intended to distinguish between component features that have different names but have the same function. The drawings are also not necessarily to scale. Certain features and components herein may be shown to scale or in some degree of schematic form and details of certain conventional elements may not be shown in the interest of clarity and conciseness.

The embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious improvement, replacement or All modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An adjustable flat plate welding fixture, characterized in that it comprises a workbench (1), a guide positioning clamping device, a lateral clamping device, a quick angle adjustment device, a positioning shaft (10), a support seat (11) and Fastening bolts (24); The guide positioning and clamping device includes a bearing plate A (2), a guide sliding seat A (9), a bearing plate B (15) and a guiding sliding seat B (22); the workbench (1) is provided with a bearing plate A(2) and the carrying plate B(15); the mating sides of the carrying plate A(2) and the carrying plate B(15) are connected together by the positioning shaft (10); the carrying plate A(2) and the carrying plate B (15) can be rotated around the positioning shaft (10); both ends of the positioning shaft (10) are arranged on the support seat (11) through rolling bearings (26); the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) And along the direction of the positioning axis (10), a guide sliding seat A (9) and a guiding sliding seat B (22) are arranged; the lower ends of the guiding sliding seat A (9) and the guiding sliding seat B (22) are provided with T-shaped blocks , the T-shaped block can slide perpendicular to the positioning shaft (10) along the T-shaped grooves opened by the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15); the guide sliding seat A (9), the guiding sliding seat B (22) The upper end is provided with a slide rail along the direction of the positioning shaft (10), and the slide rail is slidably connected with a positioning slide block A (28) and a positioning slide block B (17); the positioning slide block A (28) and the positioning slide block B are slidably connected. (17) A screw screw A (27) and screw screw B (16) are installed on it; the other ends of screw screw A (27) and screw screw B (16) extend out of the positioning slider A (28), The positioning slider B(17) is in contact with the bearing plate A(2) and the bearing plate B(15); The lateral clamping device includes a screw screw C (6), a fixed support A (5), a pressing plate C (4), a screw screw D (19), a fixed support B (20), a pressing plate C (4), a screw screw D (19), a fixed support B (20), Plate D (21); the fixed support A (5) and the fixed support B (20) have the same structure and are both L-shaped; one end of the fixed support A (5) and the fixed support B (20) They are respectively connected to the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) through bolts; the other ends of the fixed support A (5) and the fixed support B (20) are provided with threaded holes, and the threaded holes are installed in the holes. There are screw screw C (6) and screw screw D (19); the ends of the screw screw C (6) and screw screw D (19) are respectively connected with pressing plate C (4), pressing plate D (twenty one); The quick angle adjustment device includes a support frame (3), a support shaft (30), and a double ear link (31); both ends of the support shaft (30) are supported by the double ear link (31); The earrings (31) are respectively arranged on the lower surfaces of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15); one end of the supporting frame (3) is rotatably connected to the supporting shaft (30), and the other end of the supporting frame (3) is rotatably connected. One end is arranged in the circular groove opened by the worktable (1); the lower surfaces of the carrying plate A (2) and the carrying plate B (15) are provided with grooves, and the support frame (3) can be placed in the grooves. 2. The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, the welding fixture further comprises an angle adjustment device, and the angle adjustment device comprises a guide shaft A (7), a guide shaft B (14), an indexing A plate (8) and a locking nut (23); both sides of the worktable (1) along the direction of the positioning axis (10) are provided with an indexing plate (8); the indexing plate (8) is provided with The arc-shaped groove is engraved with the angle value; the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) are parallel to the positioning shaft (10), and the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) are respectively bearing On the lower end surfaces of the plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15), the two ends of the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) are arranged on the indexing plate (8) through the locking nut (23) to open The guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) can slide along the arc grooves provided on the indexing plate (8) respectively. 3. The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, a through slot is formed in the middle of the worktable (1), and the width of the through slot is smaller than that of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) so that when the welding angle is 0°, the carrier plate A (2) and the carrier plate B (15) can be placed horizontally on the workbench (1). 4. The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that 5 pairs of circular grooves are symmetrically opened on the bottom surface of the through groove of the worktable (1) along the direction of the positioning axis (10). 5. The adjustable flat plate welding jig according to claim 4, wherein the five pairs of circular grooves correspond to five welding angles θ, that is, when θ is 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, The position of the support frame (3); the relationship between the horizontal projection distance L ₁ of the center line of the circular groove from the positioning axis (10) and the angle θ satisfies:

Wherein, the angle θ is the angle between the center lines of the carrier plate A (2) and the carrier plate B (15) and the horizontal plane, L ₂ is the distance between the center lines of the upper and lower ends of the support frame (3), and L ₃ is The vertical distance between the center line of the center hole of the double ear link (31) and the bottom surface of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) fixed to it, L ₄ is the center line of the positioning shaft (10) and the double ear The projection distance of the distance between the center lines of the chain rings (31) in the direction of the bottom surface of the carrier plate A (2) and the carrier plate B (15), H ₁ is the center line of the positioning shaft (10) and the table (1) The distance between the bottom surfaces of the through grooves opened in the middle. 6 . The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 1 , wherein the included angle between the bearing plate A ( 2 ) and the bearing plate B ( 15 ) is α, wherein the included angle α The range is

Wherein H ₂ is that when the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) are adjusted to the limit positions, the side of the screw screw A (27) and the screw screw B (16) close to the positioning shaft (10) are respectively corresponding to The distance between the center lines of the carrier plate A (2) and the carrier plate B (15), L ₅ is the screw screw A (27), the screw screw B (16) close to the positioning axis (10) side and the positioning axis (10) The projected distance of the distance between the center lines in the direction of the bottom surface of the carrier board A (2) and the carrier board B (15). 7. The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, the guide positioning and clamping device further comprises a pressing plate A (29) and a pressing plate B (18); the The pressing plate A (29) and the pressing plate B (18) are respectively installed on the screw screw A (27) and the screw screw B (16). 8 . The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 7 , wherein, during welding, the flat plate A (12) and the flat plate B (13) are placed on the carrier plate A (2) and the carrier plate B. 9 . (15), by tightening the screw screw A (27) and screw screw B (16), make the screw screw A (27) and screw screw B (16) close to the flat plate A (12), flat plate B (13). 9 . The adjustable flat plate welding jig according to claim 8 , characterized in that, one end of the flat plate A ( 12 ) and the flat plate B ( 13 ) are respectively compressed by the pressing plate C ( 4 ), the flat plate B ( 13 ) Plate D (21) is fixed.

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