CN108788610B - Adjustable flat plate welding fixture - Google Patents
Adjustable flat plate welding fixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN108788610B CN108788610B CN201810997154.0A CN201810997154A CN108788610B CN 108788610 B CN108788610 B CN 108788610B CN 201810997154 A CN201810997154 A CN 201810997154A CN 108788610 B CN108788610 B CN 108788610B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0408—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work for planar work
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable flat plate welding fixture, which relates to the field of welding and comprises a workbench, a bearing plate, a guide device, a positioning device, a clamping device, a lateral clamping device, an angle adjusting device, a rapid angle adjusting device, a supporting seat, a flat plate and the like; the guide device comprises a bearing plate and a guide sliding seat; the positioning device comprises a guide sliding seat and a positioning sliding block; the clamping device comprises a spiral screw rod, a positioning slide block and a pressing plate; the lateral clamping device comprises a spiral screw rod, a fixed support and a pressing plate; the angle adjusting device comprises a guide shaft, an index plate, a gasket and a locking nut; the quick angle adjusting device comprises a supporting frame, a supporting shaft and double-lug chain rings. The invention has simple structure, easy replacement and high recycling property, can adjust different welding angles, different clamping positions and different clamping forces in a flat plate welding test, simultaneously ensures the laminating performance between welding parts, has convenient and quick adjustment mode and can effectively save the time of mechanical tooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, and particularly relates to an adjustable flat plate welding fixture.
Background
With the development of science and technology, welded structures have been widely used in various industrial fields, and the development of welding technology is also changing day by day. Besides the traditional manual electric arc welding, submerged arc welding, electroslag welding and the like, a large number of novel welding modes such as laser welding, friction stir welding, electron beam welding, laser hybrid welding and the like are developed, and meanwhile, the welding robot is widely applied to industrial production. Compared with a riveting structure, the welding structure can save materials, reduce the quality of some large-scale mechanical equipment, simplify the complexity of the structure, improve the production efficiency of enterprises and reduce the working strength of workers. Therefore, with the development of new energy vehicles, large ships, bridges, petrochemical industry, aerospace and other fields, the performance requirements on key parts are more strict, and the safety of the structures directly influences the normal operation of equipment, the life and property safety of users and the development of industrial production.
In the actual welding process, cracks, air holes, fatigue failure and the like are typical failure modes of a welding structure, and how to optimize the design of a clamp, prolong the service performance of the welding structure and reduce the fatigue failure of the structure becomes a focus of attention. In the welding process, great residual tensile stress is generated inside the welding line, so that great warping deformation is generated after the welding piece is cooled, and the use performance of the welding piece is greatly reduced. Therefore, in order to improve the service performance of the welding structure, the influence of different process parameters such as a welding angle, a clamping force, a clamping position, a welding speed and the like on the welding quality is researched, and the method is of great importance for selecting the optimized process parameters to improve the welding quality and researching the influence of the welding quality on the fatigue performance of the welding part. The conventional clamp for researching the quality and the effect of the welding seam has a complex structure, cannot ensure the integral bonding performance of a welded part during welding, has high manufacturing cost and single type, and cannot meet the synchronous requirements of angle adjustment, clamping force adjustment and position adjustment in a flat plate welding test.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of complex welding fixture component parts, high manufacturing cost, poor joint performance of welding parts and nonadjustable welding angle in the welding technology, the invention aims to provide an adjustable functionalized flat plate welding fixture, which can realize the adjustment of different welding angles, the selection of different clamping positions, the control of the clamping force and the guarantee of the joint performance between the welding parts of the welding fixture, and simultaneously provides a plurality of commonly used quick adjusting devices for the flat plate welding angle.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
An adjustable flat plate welding fixture comprises a workbench, a guiding, positioning and clamping device, a lateral clamping device, a rapid angle adjusting device, a positioning shaft, a supporting seat and a fastening bolt;
the guide positioning and clamping device comprises a bearing plate A, a guide sliding seat A, a bearing plate B and a guide sliding seat B; the workbench is provided with a bearing plate A and a bearing plate B; the matching sides of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B are connected together through a positioning shaft; the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B can rotate around the positioning shaft; two ends of the positioning shaft are arranged on the supporting seat through rolling bearings; a guide sliding seat A and a guide sliding seat B are arranged on the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B along the direction of the positioning shaft; the lower ends of the guide sliding seat A and the guide sliding seat B are provided with T-shaped blocks, and the T-shaped blocks can slide along T-shaped grooves formed in the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B and are perpendicular to the positioning shaft; the upper ends of the guide sliding seat A and the guide sliding seat B are respectively provided with a sliding rail along the direction of the positioning shaft, and the sliding rails are connected with a positioning sliding block A and a positioning sliding block B in a sliding manner; the positioning slide block A and the positioning slide block B are provided with a spiral screw rod A and a spiral screw rod B; the other ends of the spiral screw rod A and the spiral screw rod B extend out of the positioning slide block A, and the positioning slide block B is in contact with the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B;
the lateral clamping device comprises a spiral screw rod C, a fixed support A, a pressing plate C, a spiral screw rod D, a fixed support B and a pressing plate D; the fixed support A and the fixed support B have the same structure and are both L-shaped; one ends of the fixed support A and the fixed support B are respectively connected to the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B through bolts; threaded holes are formed in the other ends of the fixed support A and the fixed support B, and a screw rod C and a screw rod D are arranged in the threaded holes; the tail ends of the spiral screw rod C and the spiral screw rod D are respectively connected with a pressing plate C and a pressing plate D;
the rapid angle adjusting device comprises a supporting frame, a supporting shaft and double-lug chain rings; two ends of the supporting shaft are supported by double-lug chain rings; the double-lug chain ring is respectively arranged on the lower surfaces of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B; one end of a support frame is rotatably connected to the support shaft, and the other end of the support frame is arranged in a circular groove formed in the workbench; the lower surfaces of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B are provided with grooves, and the support frame can be arranged in the grooves.
Furthermore, the welding fixture further comprises an angle adjusting device, wherein the angle adjusting device comprises a guide shaft A, a guide shaft B, an index plate and a locking nut; the two sides of the workbench along the direction of the positioning shaft are provided with dividing plates; the indexing plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove and is engraved with an angle value; the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B are parallel to the positioning shaft, the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B are respectively arranged on the lower end faces of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B, the two ends of the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B are arranged in arc-shaped grooves formed in the dividing plate through locking nuts, and the guide shaft A and the guide shaft B can respectively slide along the arc-shaped grooves formed in the dividing plate.
Furthermore, a through groove is formed in the middle of the workbench, and the width of the through groove is smaller than that of the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B, so that the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B can be horizontally placed on the workbench when the welding angle is 0 degree.
Furthermore, 5 pairs of circular grooves are symmetrically formed in the bottom surface of the through groove of the workbench along the direction of the positioning shaft.
Furthermore, the 5 pairs of circular grooves correspond to five welding angles theta, and when the theta is 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees, the position of the support frame is located; the horizontal projection distance L from the central line of the circular groove to the positioning shaft1The relation with the angle theta should satisfy:
Furthermore, the guiding, positioning and clamping device further comprises a pressing plate A and a pressing plate B; and the pressing plate A and the pressing plate B are respectively arranged on the screw rod A and the screw rod B.
Further, during welding, the flat plate A and the flat plate B are arranged on the bearing plate A and the bearing plate B, and the spiral screw rod A and the spiral screw rod B are tightly attached to the flat plate A and the flat plate B by screwing the spiral screw rod A and the spiral screw rod B.
Furthermore, one end of the flat plate A and one end of the flat plate B are fixed through a compression plate C and a compression plate D respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device provided by the invention can adjust different welding angles, select different clamping positions and control different clamping forces according to the requirements of tests, and meanwhile, the lateral clamping device is added, so that the bonding performance between welding parts is ensured, and the welding defect caused by insufficient bonding is avoided.
2. The device provided by the invention provides a quick angle adjusting device, namely, the welding angle can be quickly adjusted by changing the position of the support frame according to the plate welding angle which is usually required by a test, and the device is convenient and quick.
3. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in replacement, high recycling property, multi-angle adjustment and diversified adjustment modes, can meet most of welding experiments or laser additive remanufacturing experimental researches, and is beneficial to changing experimental process parameters to obtain an optimal solution.
4. The scales with equal intervals are marked on the bearing plate and the index plate in the device, so that the positioning of a flat plate to be welded and the guide shaft is facilitated, the angle for welding the flat plate is conveniently controlled, the accurate positioning and control of the welding flat plate are realized, and the operation is simple.
5. The pressing plate A, the pressing plate B, the pressing plate C and the pressing plate D are arranged, so that the flat plate can be accurately positioned during welding, and the welding quality is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an adjustable flat welding jig according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a carrier plate with a graduated scale.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a clamping device with a graduated scale.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dividing plate with a graduated scale.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the invention at B of FIG. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an adjustable flat welding jig according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable flat welding jig according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 9 according to the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1-work table, 2-carrying plate A, 3-support frame, 4-pressure plate C, 5-fixed support A, 6-screw mandrel C, 7-guide shaft A, 8-indexing disc, 9-guide slide A, 10-positioning shaft, 11-support seat, 12-plate A, 13-plate B, 14-guide shaft B, 15-carrying plate B, 16-screw mandrel B, 17-positioning slide B, 18-pressure plate B, 19-screw mandrel D, 20-fixed support B, 21-pressure plate D, 22-guide slide B, 23-locking nut, 24-fastening bolt, 25-gasket, 26-rolling bearing, 27-screw mandrel A, 28-positioning slide A, 29-pressure plate A, 30-support shaft, 31-double ear chain ring.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", etc. describe orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience of description and understanding of the present invention, but do not indicate that a device or an element designed by the present invention must have a specific orientation or position, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an adjustable functionalized flat plate welding fixture, which can realize the adjustment of different welding angles, the selection of different clamping positions, the control of the clamping force and the guarantee of the joint performance between welding parts of the welding fixture, and simultaneously provides a plurality of commonly used flat plate welding angle rapid adjusting devices, has the advantages of simple structure, multi-angle adjustment, low manufacturing cost and diversified adjusting modes, and is beneficial to selecting optimized process parameters according to the comparative analysis of experimental results.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an adjustable functionalized flat plate welding fixture comprises a workbench 1, a guiding, positioning and clamping device, a lateral clamping device, an angle adjusting device, a rapid angle adjusting device, a positioning shaft 10, a supporting seat 11, a flat plate a12, a flat plate B13 and a fastening bolt 24; the guide device comprises a bearing plate A2, a guide sliding seat A9, a bearing plate B15 and a guide sliding seat B22; through holes are formed in the matching sides of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, rolling bearings 26 are placed in the through holes, the positioning shaft 10 penetrates through the rolling bearings 26 to be matched, and the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 can rotate around the positioning shaft 10; two ends of the positioning shaft 10 are respectively placed in circular holes formed in the two supporting seats 11, and rolling bearings 26 are placed in the circular holes; the two supporting seats 11 are respectively and symmetrically placed on the central line of the workbench 1 and fixed on the workbench 1 through screws. As shown in fig. 3, the scale scales are respectively marked on the left side, the right side and the middle position of the upper surfaces of the bearing plate a2 and the bearing plate B15, the size range of the scale scales is within the length or the width of the bearing plate, and the positioning of the flat plate a12, the flat plate B13, the guide slide a9 and the guide slide B22 can be realized. The left side and the right side of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 are respectively provided with a T-shaped groove, the length of the T-shaped groove is 40-50 mm smaller than that of the bearing plate, round through holes are respectively formed in the axial direction of the free movable ends of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, and the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 can penetrate through the round through holes of the free movable ends; a pair of threaded holes are formed in the normal direction of the free movable ends of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, and the fixed support A5 and the fixed support B20 are fixed on the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 respectively through threads formed by penetrating bolts through the threads; and square grooves are formed at the left and right vertex angles of the free movable ends of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, so that the interference between the round through hole and the T-shaped groove formed in the guide sliding seat is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the positioning device comprises a guide slide A9, a positioning slide A28, a guide slide B22 and a positioning slide B17; the clamping device comprises a screw rod A27, a positioning slide block A28, a pressing plate A29, a screw rod B16, a positioning slide block B17 and a pressing plate B18; the lateral clamping device comprises a screw rod C6, a fixed support A5, a pressing plate C4, a screw rod D19, a fixed support B20 and a pressing plate D21. Through grooves are formed in the upper surfaces of the guide sliding seat A9 and the guide sliding seat B22, square protrusions are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the positioning sliding block A28 and the positioning sliding block B17, and the square protrusions can slide left and right in the through grooves formed in the upper ends of the guide sliding seat A9 and the guide sliding seat B22; t-shaped protrusions are arranged on the inner sides of the lower ends of the guide sliding seat A9 and the guide sliding seat B22 and can slide back and forth along T-shaped grooves formed in the left side and the right side of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B22, and scale scales are marked on the upper surfaces of the guide sliding seat A9 and the guide sliding seat B22 and range from 0mm to 320mm and are used for determining a clamping position. The screw rod A27 and the screw rod B16 are respectively screwed into threaded holes formed in the middles of the positioning slide block A28 and the positioning slide block B17, the bottom end of the screw rod is respectively screwed into threaded holes formed in the middles of the pressing plate A29 and the pressing plate B18, and the screw rod A27 and the screw rod B16 are respectively fixed with the pressing plate A29 and the pressing plate B18 through two pairs of top screws. The screw mandrel C6 and the screw mandrel D19 are respectively screwed into threaded through holes formed in the middle of the fixed support A5 and the fixed support B20, the bottom end of the screw mandrel is screwed into threaded holes formed in the middle of the pressing plate C4 and the pressing plate D21, and the screw mandrel C6, the screw mandrel D19, the pressing plate C4 and the pressing plate D21 are fixed together through two pairs of jackscrews respectively.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the angle adjusting device comprises a guide shaft A7, a guide shaft B14, index plates 8, a gasket 25 and a locking nut 23, the quick angle adjusting device comprises a support frame 3, a support shaft 30 and a double-lug chain ring 31, the two index plates 8 are respectively and symmetrically placed on the left side and the right side of the workbench 1 and are fixed on the workbench 1 through 3 pairs of fastening bolts 24, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 9, arc grooves are formed in the two index plates 8 and are engraved with angle values ranging from 0 to 90 to 0, the distance between the angle values is 1, the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B6335 can respectively slide along the arc grooves formed in the index plates 8 to adjust the angle, after the welding angle is adjusted, both ends of the tapping of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 are respectively fixed on the index plates 8 through the gasket 25 and the locking nut 23, both ends of the tapping of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B4 are respectively marked with circular surfaces to facilitate the determination of the included angle between the flat plate A7 and the flat plate B15, and the included angle of the bearing plate B462, and the included angle range of the bearing plate B7 of the bearing plate B9, wherein the included angle
WhereinH2When the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 are adjusted to the extreme positions, the distances L between the side of the screw rod A27 and the screw rod B16 close to the positioning shaft 10 and the center lines of the corresponding bearing plate A2 and the corresponding bearing plate B15 are respectively equal to the distances L between the side of the screw rod A27 and the side of the screw rod B16 close to the positioning shaft 10 and the center5The projection distance of the distance between one side of the screw rod A27 and the screw rod B16 close to the positioning shaft 10 and the central line of the positioning shaft 10 in the direction of the bottom surface of the bearing plate is the projection distance.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the bottom surfaces of the bearing plate a2 and the bearing plate B15 are respectively provided with a concave groove, and the middle of the top of the concave groove is respectively welded with a pair of double-ear chain rings 31; the supporting shaft 30 can pass through a through hole in the middle of the pair of double-lug chain rings 31 to be matched with the supporting frame 3, and two ends of the supporting shaft 30 are fixed on the double-lug chain rings 31 through the gaskets 25 and the locking nuts 23; five pairs of grooves are symmetrically formed in the front and back of the bottom surface of the through groove of the workbench 1 and respectively correspond to the positions of the support frames 3 at five common specific welding angles theta (15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees), and the horizontal projection distance L from the central line of each groove to the positioning shaft 101The relation with the angle theta should satisfy:
wherein the angle theta is the included angle between the central lines of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 and the horizontal plane, L2Is the distance L between the central lines of the upper and lower ends of the supporting frame 33L is the perpendicular distance between the center line of the center hole of the binaural link 31 and the bottom surface of the bearing plate A2, B15 to which it is fixed4In order to locate the projection distance of the distance between the central line of the shaft 10 and the central line of the double-lug chain ring 31 in the direction of the bottom surface of the bearing plate, H1The distance between the central line of the positioning shaft 10 and the bottom surface of a through groove arranged in the middle of the worktable 1 is determined. As shown in FIG. 10, the height ranges of the plates A12 and B13 are 0 to (H)2-H3) mm, wherein H2Is the vertical distance H between the bottom ends of the guide slide A9 and the guide slide B22 and the upper surfaces of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 respectively3The thickness of the pressing plate A29 and the pressing plate B18.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 6, taking a plate welding angle of 180 ° as an example, a bearing plate a2 and a bearing plate B15 are symmetrically horizontally placed on the workbench 1, and a rolling bearing 26 is placed in a circular through hole formed on a mating side; the two index plates 8 are respectively placed on the workbench 1, and the index plates 8 are fixed through 3 pairs of fastening bolts 24; the positioning shaft 10 passes through a through hole formed in the middle of the indexing disc 8, a rolling bearing 26 arranged in the middle of the two supporting seats 11, a bearing plate A2 and a bearing plate B15 are matched in the side rolling bearing 26, and two ends of the positioning shaft 10 are fixed on the indexing disc through a pair of gaskets 25 and locking nuts 23; respectively sliding T-shaped blocks at the lower ends of a guide sliding seat A9 and a guide sliding seat B22 into the middle position of a bearing plate through T-shaped grooves formed in the left side and the right side of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, respectively positioning a positioning slide block A28 and a positioning slide block B17 to the middle position along through grooves formed in the upper ends of a guide sliding seat A9 and a guide sliding seat B22 according to the scale of an upper end mark of the guide sliding seat, screwing a screw rod A27 and a screw rod B16 into the positioning slide block A28, the positioning slide block B17, a pressure plate A29 and a pressure plate B18 in a spirally corresponding mode respectively, and correspondingly fixing the screw rod A27 and the screw rod B16 with the pressure plate A29 and the pressure plate B18 through two pairs of top threads; the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 penetrate through the two dividing discs 8, the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, the marks on the circular surfaces at the two ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 point to 0 degree, and the two ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 are fixed on the dividing discs by using the two pairs of gaskets 25 and the locking nuts 23; the fixed support A5 and the fixed support B20 are respectively fixed on the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 through bolt connection, the screw mandrel C6 and the screw mandrel D19 are respectively screwed into the fixed support A5, the fixed support B20, the pressure plate C4 and the pressure plate D21 in a corresponding manner, and the screw mandrel C6 and the screw mandrel D19 are correspondingly fixed with the pressure plate C4 and the pressure plate D21 by utilizing two pairs of jackscrews.
The working process is as follows: the welding angle of the flat plate is 180 degrees, the positions of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 do not need to be adjusted, the labels at the two ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 point to 0 degree, namely the welding angle at the moment is 180 degrees, the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13 are correspondingly placed on the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, and the central line of the welding line is consistent with the vertical direction of the central line of the matching side of the two bearing plates. The screw mandrel C6 and the screw mandrel D19 are respectively rotated by utilizing a digital display torque wrench, so thatThe numerical display torque wrench has consistent readings, the joint performance of the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13 is ensured, and the lateral clamping force of the compression plate C4 and the compression plate D21 on the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13 is recorded as
Wherein T is1Is the reading of a digital display torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, d1The nominal diameters of the screw mandrel C6 and the screw mandrel D19; utilize digital display torque wrench to rotate screw rod A27, screw rod B16 respectively for the reading on the digital display torque wrench is unanimous, has guaranteed that dull and stereotyped A12, dull and stereotyped B13 normal direction are pressed from both sides tightly, avoids producing the deformation in the welding process, and pressure strip A29, pressure strip B18 mark as dull and stereotyped A12, dull and stereotyped B13's normal direction clamp force
Wherein T is2Is the reading of a digital display torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, d2The nominal diameters of the screw A27 and the screw B16. By changing the reading T on the digital display torque wrench1、T2The clamping force on the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13 can be changed, different clamping positions can be changed by adjusting the positions of the positioning slide block A28, the positioning slide block B17, the guide slide seat A9 and the guide slide seat B22, and then a series of research on influence of process parameters on a welding experiment is carried out.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 7 to 10, taking a plate welding angle of 150 ° as an example, a bearing plate A2 and a bearing plate B15 are symmetrically horizontally placed on a workbench 1, and a rolling bearing 26 is placed in a circular through hole formed on a matching side; the two index plates 8 are respectively placed on the workbench 1, and the index plates 8 are fixed through 3 pairs of fastening bolts 24; the positioning shaft 10 passes through a through hole formed in the middle of the indexing disc 8, a rolling bearing 26 arranged in the middle of the two supporting seats 11, a bearing plate A2 and a bearing plate B15 are matched in the side rolling bearing 26, and two ends of the positioning shaft 10 are fixed on the indexing disc through a pair of gaskets 25 and locking nuts 23; respectively sliding a guide sliding seat A9 and a guide sliding seat B22 into the middle position of a bearing plate through T-shaped grooves formed in the left side and the right side of a bearing plate A2 and a bearing plate B15, respectively positioning a positioning slide block A28 and a positioning slide block B17 to the middle position along through grooves formed in the upper ends of the guide sliding seat A9 and the guide sliding seat B22 according to the scale marked on the upper end of the guide sliding seat, screwing a screw rod A27 and a screw rod B16 into the positioning slide block A28, the positioning slide block B17, a pressing plate A29 and a pressing plate B18 in a spiral corresponding mode respectively, and correspondingly fixing the screw rod A27 and the screw rod B16 with the pressing plate A29 and the pressing plate B18 through two pairs of top threads; the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 penetrate through the two dividing discs 8, the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, the marks on the circular surfaces of the two ends of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 point to 0 degree, and the two ends of the guide shaft A7 and the two ends of the guide shaft B14 are fixed on the dividing discs by using the two pairs of gaskets 25 and the locking nuts 23; the fixing support A5 and the fixing support B20 are respectively fixed on the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 through bolt connection, the spiral lead screw C6 and the spiral lead screw D19 are respectively screwed into the fixing support A5, the fixing support B20, the pressure plate C4 and the pressure plate D21 in a corresponding mode, and the spiral lead screw C6 and the spiral lead screw D19 are correspondingly fixed with the pressure plate C4 and the pressure plate D21 through two pairs of jackscrews.
The working process is as follows: when the flat plate welding angle is 150 degrees, the welding angle theta can be adjusted in two ways:
the first method is as follows: the positions of the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 are adjusted, the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 are moved along the arc-shaped groove of the dividing plate 8, the guide shaft A7 and the guide shaft B14 drive the connected bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 to rotate by corresponding angles, the marks on the two ends of the guide shaft point to 15 degrees, namely the welding angle is 150 degrees;
the second method comprises the following steps: five pairs of grooves are symmetrically formed in the front and back of the bottom surface of the through groove of the workbench 1 and respectively correspond to five common specific welding angles theta (15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees), so that the support frame 3 connected with the bottom surfaces of the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15 is lifted upwards to the 15-degree position corresponding to the first groove, namely the welding angle is 150 degrees. And the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13 are correspondingly placed on the bearing plate A2 and the bearing plate B15, and the central line of the welding seam is consistent with the vertical direction of the central line of the matched side of the two bearing plates. Respectively rotating a screw mandrel C6 by utilizing a digital display torque wrench,Screw rod D19 for the reading on the digital display torque wrench is unanimous, has guaranteed dull and stereotyped A12, dull and stereotyped B13's laminating performance, and clamp plate C4, clamp plate D21 record as to dull and stereotyped A12, the side direction clamp force of dull and stereotyped B13
Wherein T is3Is the reading of a digital display torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, d3The nominal diameters of the screw mandrel C6 and the screw mandrel D19 are shown; utilize digital display torque wrench to rotate screw rod A27, screw rod B16 respectively for the reading on the digital display torque wrench is unanimous, has guaranteed that dull and stereotyped A12, dull and stereotyped B13 normal direction are pressed from both sides tightly, avoids producing the deformation among the welding process, and pressure strip A29, pressure strip B18 mark as dull and stereotyped A12, dull and stereotyped B13's normal direction clamp force
Wherein T is4Is the reading of a digital display torque wrench, K is the tightening torque coefficient, d4The nominal diameters of the screw A27 and the screw B16. By changing the reading T on the digital display torque wrench3、T4The clamping force on the flat plate A12 and the flat plate B13 can be changed, different clamping positions can be changed by adjusting the positions of the positioning slide block A28, the positioning slide block B17, the guide slide seat A9 and the guide slide seat B22, and then a series of research on influence of process parameters on a welding experiment is carried out. In the aspect of angle adjustment, a general angle adjusting device and a rapid angle adjusting device are provided, flat plate welding with symmetrical angles and flat plate welding with asymmetrical angles can be realized, the general angle adjusting device slides on the arc-shaped groove of the dividing plate 8 through the guide shaft, fine adjustment of different angles can be realized, the precision of the graduated scale is 1 degree, and the requirements of different welding angles can be met; quick angle adjusting device mainly designs the support position of support frame 3 to welding angle theta (15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °) commonly used in several kinds of experiments, and the angle that needs the welding is fixed a position to in that can be quick, reduces the required time of manual adjustment, and is simple swift.
Where specific terms refer to particular features or components throughout the description and the claims, as one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, different persons may refer to the same features or components by different names. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. The drawings are not necessarily to scale. Certain features and elements described herein may be shown to scale or in somewhat schematic form and certain conventional element details may not be shown for the sake of clarity and conciseness.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An adjustable flat plate welding fixture is characterized by comprising a workbench (1), a guiding, positioning and clamping device, a lateral clamping device, a rapid angle adjusting device, a positioning shaft (10), a supporting seat (11) and a fastening bolt (24);
the guiding, positioning and clamping device comprises a bearing plate A (2), a guiding sliding seat A (9), a bearing plate B (15) and a guiding sliding seat B (22); a bearing plate A (2) and a bearing plate B (15) are arranged on the workbench (1); the matching sides of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) are connected together through a positioning shaft (10); the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) can rotate around the positioning shaft (10); two ends of the positioning shaft (10) are arranged on the supporting seat (11) through rolling bearings (26); a guide sliding seat A (9) and a guide sliding seat B (22) are arranged on the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) along the direction of the positioning shaft (10); the lower ends of the guide sliding seat A (9) and the guide sliding seat B (22) are provided with T-shaped blocks, and the T-shaped blocks can slide along T-shaped grooves formed in the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) and perpendicular to the positioning shaft (10); the upper ends of the guide sliding seat A (9) and the guide sliding seat B (22) are respectively provided with a sliding rail along the direction of the positioning shaft (10), and a positioning sliding block A (28) and a positioning sliding block B (17) are connected in the sliding rails in a sliding manner; the positioning slide block A (28) and the positioning slide block B (17) are provided with a spiral screw rod A (27) and a spiral screw rod B (16); the other ends of the spiral screw rod A (27) and the spiral screw rod B (16) extend out of a positioning slide block A (28), and a positioning slide block B (17) is in contact with the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15);
the lateral clamping device comprises a screw rod C (6), a fixed support A (5), a pressing plate C (4), a screw rod D (19), a fixed support B (20) and a pressing plate D (21); the fixed support A (5) and the fixed support B (20) have the same structure and are L-shaped; one ends of the fixed support A (5) and the fixed support B (20) are respectively connected to the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) through bolts; threaded holes are formed in the other ends of the fixed support A (5) and the fixed support B (20), and a screw rod C (6) and a screw rod D (19) are installed in the threaded holes; the tail ends of the screw mandrel C (6) and the screw mandrel D (19) are respectively connected with a pressing plate C (4) and a pressing plate D (21);
the quick angle adjusting device comprises a support frame (3), a support shaft (30) and a double-lug chain ring (31); the two ends of the supporting shaft (30) are supported by double-lug chain rings (31); the double-lug chain ring (31) is respectively arranged on the lower surfaces of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15); one end of a support frame (3) is rotatably connected to the support shaft (30), and the other end of the support frame (3) is arranged in a circular groove formed in the workbench (1); the lower surfaces of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) are provided with grooves, and the support frame (3) can be arranged in the grooves.
2. The adjustable flat welding jig of claim 1, further comprising an angle adjusting device, wherein the angle adjusting device comprises a guide shaft A (7), a guide shaft B (14), an index plate (8), and a lock nut (23); the two sides of the workbench (1) along the direction of the positioning shaft (10) are provided with index plates (8); an arc-shaped groove is formed in the dividing plate (8), and an angle value is engraved; the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) are parallel to the positioning shaft (10), the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) are respectively arranged on the lower end faces of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15), two ends of the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) are arranged in arc-shaped grooves formed in the dividing disc (8) through locking nuts (23), and the guide shaft A (7) and the guide shaft B (14) can respectively slide along the arc-shaped grooves formed in the dividing disc (8).
3. The adjustable flat welding fixture according to claim 1, wherein a through slot is opened in the middle of the worktable (1), and the width of the through slot is smaller than the widths of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15), so that the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) can be horizontally placed on the worktable (1) when the welding angle is 0 °.
4. The adjustable flat plate welding fixture according to claim 3, wherein 5 pairs of circular grooves are symmetrically formed in the bottom surface of the through groove of the workbench (1) along the direction of the positioning shaft (10).
5. The adjustable flat welding fixture according to claim 4, wherein 5 pairs of circular grooves correspond to five welding angles θ, namely, when θ is 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °, the position of the support frame (3) is; the horizontal projection distance L from the central line of the circular groove to the positioning shaft (10)1The relation with the angle theta satisfies:
6. The adjustable flat welding jig of claim 1, wherein the included angle between the bearing board A (2) and the bearing board B (15) is α, wherein the included angle α is in the range of α
Wherein H2When the bearing plates A (2) and B (15) are adjusted to the limit positions, the distances L between the sides of the screw rod A (27) and the screw rod B (16) close to the positioning shaft (10) and the center lines of the corresponding bearing plates A (2) and B (15) are respectively equal to the distances L between the center lines of the bearing plates A (2) and B (15)5The projection distances of the distances between one sides of the spiral screw rods A (27) and B (16) close to the positioning shaft (10) and the central line of the positioning shaft (10) in the bottom surface direction of the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15) are the same.
7. The adjustable flat welding jig of claim 1, wherein the guiding, positioning and clamping device further comprises a compression plate a (29) and a compression plate B (18); the pressing plate A (29) and the pressing plate B (18) are respectively arranged on the screw rod A (27) and the screw rod B (16).
8. The adjustable flat welding fixture according to claim 7, wherein during welding, the flat plate A (12) and the flat plate B (13) are placed on the bearing plate A (2) and the bearing plate B (15), and the screw A (27) and the screw B (16) are tightly attached to the flat plate A (12) and the flat plate B (13) by screwing the screw A (27) and the screw B (16).
9. The adjustable flat welding jig of claim 8, wherein one end of the flat plate A (12) and one end of the flat plate B (13) are fixed by a pressing plate C (4) and a pressing plate D (21), respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810997154.0A CN108788610B (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Adjustable flat plate welding fixture |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810997154.0A CN108788610B (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Adjustable flat plate welding fixture |
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| CN108788610A CN108788610A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108788610B true CN108788610B (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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| CN201810997154.0A Active CN108788610B (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Adjustable flat plate welding fixture |
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| CN109865977A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-11 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of welding fixture device of novel portable adjustable angle |
| CN110449739A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州大学 | A kind of variable-angle novel clamp suitable for laser welding thickening plate |
| CN110434465A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 贵州大学 | A kind of fixture for laser welding of adjustable weld spacing and angle |
| CN110449738A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州大学 | A kind of adjustable-angle fixture for laser welding |
| CN110695586A (en) * | 2019-09-01 | 2020-01-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 | Welding fixture with scale |
| CN114083188B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-07-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Freely-adjustable operating platform for ship manufacturing, processing and welding and adjusting method thereof |
| CN114769821B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-07-18 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Welding fixture for sleeve of automobile control arm |
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