CN110293153B - Accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding - Google Patents

Accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding Download PDF

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CN110293153B
CN110293153B CN201910463324.1A CN201910463324A CN110293153B CN 110293153 B CN110293153 B CN 110293153B CN 201910463324 A CN201910463324 A CN 201910463324A CN 110293153 B CN110293153 B CN 110293153B
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crankshaft
middle main
ion nitriding
high point
tool
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CN110293153A (en
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邓为林
刘军凯
刘金寿
张和
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Jingzhou Huanqiu Automobile Parts Manufacturing Co ltd
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Jingzhou Huanqiu Automobile Parts Manufacturing Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/16—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts of specific articles made from metal rods, tubes, or profiles, e.g. crankshafts, by specially adapted methods or means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding, which comprises the steps of firstly measuring a middle main high point of a crankshaft, and finding out a connecting rod in the same direction as the middle main high point; installing a tool between two side walls of a connecting rod of the crankshaft in the same direction as the middle main high point; by screwing the bolts, the 2 inclined irons outwards prop open the two side walls of the connecting rod, so that the middle main high point is reduced to a target range; and (4) feeding the crankshaft and the straightening tool into the furnace as a whole for ion nitriding. The tool is simple to manufacture, surface cracks can not be generated, accurate straightening can be realized, the appearance color of the crankshaft can be kept consistent, and the required physical and chemical properties can be achieved.

Description

Accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding
Technical Field
The invention relates to an accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding, belonging to the technical field of engine crankshaft correction.
Background
In the heat treatment industry, for crankshafts with out-of-tolerance runout after ion nitriding, cold straightening is usually performed in an external force pressing mode, but because a nitriding layer is thin and brittle, and the pressure required by straightening is large, the straightened crankshafts are subjected to nondestructive testing, and surface cracks often appear. The other common method is thermal straightening, but the operation is complicated and the difficulty is high, and potential safety hazards exist. With the increasing requirements of customers at home and abroad, part of crankshafts require that the run-out value after ion nitriding is less than or equal to 0.03mm, the straightening difficulty is higher, and the requirements on the appearance color of the crankshafts are consistent, so that the methods cannot meet the technical requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an accurate straightening method for keeping the consistency of the appearance color of the crankshaft after ion nitriding, by the method for straightening, the crankshaft has small deformation, surface cracks can not be generated, the operation is simple and convenient, the tool is simple to manufacture, no potential safety hazard exists, the accurate straightening can be realized, the middle main run-out value after the straightening is less than or equal to 0.03mm, the success rate of one-time straightening can reach 95%, the appearance color of the crankshaft can be kept consistent, and the required physical and chemical properties can be achieved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the accurate straightening method for keeping the appearance color consistency after the crankshaft ion nitriding comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring a middle main high point of the crankshaft, and finding out a connecting rod in the same direction as the middle main high point;
(2) installing a straightening tool: the straightening tool comprises a stop block, a bolt, a trapezoidal nut and 2 pieces of inclined irons, wherein the bolt is inserted into a threaded hole of the stop block, a screw rod of the bolt is connected with the trapezoidal nut through threads, the outer side of the trapezoidal nut is provided with an inclined plane matched with the inner inclined plane of the inclined irons, and the outer side surfaces of the two pieces of inclined irons are parallel to each other and tightly attached between two side walls of a connecting rod of the crankshaft in the same direction as the middle main high point;
(3) by screwing the bolts, the 2 inclined irons outwards prop open the two side walls of the connecting rod, so that the middle main high point is reduced to a target range;
(4) and (4) feeding the crankshaft and the straightening tool into the furnace as a whole for ion nitriding.
And (4) in the process of ion nitriding step by step, carrying out ion nitriding again according to an ion nitriding process, preserving the heat for 4-15 hours at 505-515 ℃, cooling to room temperature to 120 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, and removing the tool after discharging, wherein the surface of the crankshaft can keep the same appearance color as that of the non-aligned ion nitrided crankshaft and is silver gray.
The invention has the beneficial effects based on the technical scheme that:
according to the accurate straightening method for keeping the appearance color consistency of the crankshaft after the ionic nitriding, the manufactured tool is only required to be arranged between the two side walls of the connecting rod in the same direction as the middle main high point, the two side walls of the connecting rod are opened by the tool through screwing the bolt on the tool, the middle main high point is driven to move downwards to a certain degree, then the whole crankshaft is placed into the nitriding furnace, the ionic nitriding is carried out again, and the tool is taken down after the crankshaft is taken out of the furnace. The method is simple and convenient to operate, the tooling is simple to manufacture, the straightening success rate can reach 95% (the middle main run-out value after straightening is less than or equal to 0.03mm), and the method can ensure that the crankshaft has consistent color and appearance, has no surface cracks, achieves the required physical and chemical properties and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of tooling installation.
Fig. 2 is a side view in the direction B of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-stop block, 2 bolts, 3 tapered irons, 4 trapezoidal nuts, 5 connecting rods, 6 middle main and 7 middle main jumping high points.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The invention provides a precise alignment method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding, which comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3:
(1) measuring a middle main high point of a crankshaft, wherein the crankshaft comprises connecting rods P1, P2, P3 and P4, and finding out a connecting rod P3 in the same direction as the middle main high point;
(2) installing a straightening tool: the straightening tool comprises a stop block, a bolt, a trapezoidal nut and 2 inclined irons, wherein the bolt 2 is inserted into a threaded hole of the stop block 1, a screw rod of the bolt 2 is connected with the trapezoidal nut 4 through threads, the outer side of the trapezoidal nut 4 is provided with an inclined plane matched with the inner inclined plane of the inclined iron 3, and the outer side surfaces of the two inclined irons are parallel to each other and tightly attached between two side walls of a connecting rod of the crankshaft in the same direction as the middle main high point;
(3) by screwing the bolts, the 2 inclined irons outwards prop open the two side walls of the connecting rod, so that the middle main high point is reduced to a target range;
(4) and (4) feeding the crankshaft and the straightening tool into the furnace as a whole for ion nitriding.
And (4) in the process of ion nitriding step by step, carrying out ion nitriding again according to an ion nitriding process, preserving the heat for 4-15 hours at 505-515 ℃, cooling to room temperature to 120 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, and removing the tool after discharging, wherein the surface of the crankshaft can keep the same appearance color as that of the non-aligned ion nitrided crankshaft and is silver gray.
Specifically, taking four-cylinder crankshaft models GM454 and 3800 as examples:
the method comprises the steps of firstly measuring a middle main jumping value of a crankshaft after ion nitriding and marking a high point (the jumping value is recorded as positive), finding out a connecting rod in the same direction as the middle main jumping value, and additionally arranging a tool between two side walls of the connecting rod (note that the lower end of the tool is not too close to the connecting rod and is larger than 20mm, so that the nitriding effect is prevented from being influenced). The bolts on the tool are screwed, so that the trapezoidal nut moves towards the direction far away from the connecting rod, and the inclined blocks on the two sides are blocked by the stop blocks and can only expand towards the two sides, so that the two side walls of the connecting rod are spread to drive the middle main high point to move downwards until the middle main jumping value reaches-0.20 to-0.28 mm (different types of crankshafts can reach different proper ranges and corresponding tests are required).
Then the crankshaft with the tool is placed into an ion nitriding furnace, and ion nitriding is carried out again according to the nitriding process (the temperature controller displays the temperature at 460 ℃, the actual temperature at 505 and 515 ℃ is kept for 15 hours, and the crankshaft is cooled to 120 ℃ along with the furnace and discharged). And after nitriding is finished, taking down the tool. Through detection, the crankshaft runout value reaches a qualified range (less than or equal to 0.03mm), and specific test results are shown in tables 1 and 2. The appearance color of the crankshaft can be kept consistent to be silver gray, no surface crack exists, and indexes such as physical and chemical properties and the like can meet requirements.
Figure BDA0002078702510000031
TABLE 1GM454 crankshaft alignment chart
Figure BDA0002078702510000032
Figure BDA0002078702510000041
Watch 23800 crankshaft alignment recording meter
According to the accurate straightening method for keeping the appearance color consistency of the crankshaft after the ionic nitriding, the manufactured tool is only required to be arranged between the two side walls of the connecting rod in the same direction as the middle main high point, the two side walls of the connecting rod are opened by the tool through screwing the bolt on the tool, the middle main high point is driven to move downwards to a certain degree, then the whole crankshaft is placed into the nitriding furnace, the ionic nitriding is carried out again, and the tool is taken down after the crankshaft is taken out of the furnace. The method is simple and convenient to operate, the tooling is simple to manufacture, the straightening success rate can reach 95% (the middle main run-out value after straightening is less than or equal to 0.03mm), and the method can ensure that the crankshaft has consistent color and appearance, has no surface cracks, achieves the required physical and chemical properties and the like.

Claims (1)

1. An accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) measuring a middle main high point of the crankshaft, and finding out a connecting rod in the same direction as the middle main high point;
(2) installing a straightening tool: the straightening tool comprises a stop block, a bolt, a trapezoidal nut and 2 pieces of inclined irons, wherein the bolt is inserted into a threaded hole of the stop block, a screw rod of the bolt is connected with the trapezoidal nut through threads, the outer side of the trapezoidal nut is provided with an inclined plane matched with the inner inclined plane of the inclined irons, and the outer side surfaces of the two pieces of inclined irons are parallel to each other and tightly attached between two side walls of a connecting rod of the crankshaft in the same direction as the middle main high point;
(3) by screwing the bolts, the 2 inclined irons outwards prop open the two side walls of the connecting rod, so that the middle main high point is reduced to a target range;
(4) and (3) putting the crankshaft and the straightening tool into a furnace as a whole for ion nitriding, carrying out ion nitriding again according to an ion nitriding process in the process of ion nitriding, preserving the heat at 505-515 ℃ for 4-15 hours, cooling to room temperature to 120 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, and removing the tool after discharging, wherein the surface of the crankshaft can keep the same appearance color as that of the non-straightened ion nitrided crankshaft and is silver gray.
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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6408663B1 (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-06-25 Short Block Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for truing crankshafts
CN1410181A (en) * 2002-11-08 2003-04-16 中国第一汽车集团大连柴油机厂 Correcting unit for engine crank shaft deformation and correcting method
CN2592302Y (en) * 2002-11-08 2003-12-17 中国第一汽车集团大连柴油机厂 Correction apparatus of crankshaft deformation for engine
CN101966538A (en) * 2010-10-29 2011-02-09 南车资阳机车有限公司 Manual straightening device of engine crankshaft
CN102198457A (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft
CN102465250A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-05-23 徐金兰 Plasma nitriding process
CN102758168A (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-10-31 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Device for nitriding crank shaft and inside furnace
CN204022930U (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-12-17 温州裕隆机械有限公司 A kind of crankshaft straight dimension protector of glow discharge nitriding
CN104438479A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-03-25 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 Method for correcting and adjusting deformation of locomotive crankshaft

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6408663B1 (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-06-25 Short Block Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for truing crankshafts
CN1410181A (en) * 2002-11-08 2003-04-16 中国第一汽车集团大连柴油机厂 Correcting unit for engine crank shaft deformation and correcting method
CN2592302Y (en) * 2002-11-08 2003-12-17 中国第一汽车集团大连柴油机厂 Correction apparatus of crankshaft deformation for engine
CN102198457A (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft
CN101966538A (en) * 2010-10-29 2011-02-09 南车资阳机车有限公司 Manual straightening device of engine crankshaft
CN102465250A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-05-23 徐金兰 Plasma nitriding process
CN102758168A (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-10-31 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Device for nitriding crank shaft and inside furnace
CN204022930U (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-12-17 温州裕隆机械有限公司 A kind of crankshaft straight dimension protector of glow discharge nitriding
CN104438479A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-03-25 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 Method for correcting and adjusting deformation of locomotive crankshaft

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