CN102198457A - Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft - Google Patents
Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN102198457A CN102198457A CN2010101346174A CN201010134617A CN102198457A CN 102198457 A CN102198457 A CN 102198457A CN 2010101346174 A CN2010101346174 A CN 2010101346174A CN 201010134617 A CN201010134617 A CN 201010134617A CN 102198457 A CN102198457 A CN 102198457A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for straightening bending deformation of a crankshaft. The method comprises the following steps of: performing elastic correction on the bent deformed crankshaft by using a straightening tool in a hot state, namely making the crankshaft generate certain reverse bending elastic deformation according to the bending deformation; performing setting treatment on the elastically corrected crankshaft at the temperature of 400+/-10 DEG C; keeping the pressure state of the set crankshaft, and cooling the crankshaft to room temperature by air; and unloading the crankshaft, and performing stress removal aging treatment on the unloaded crankshaft at the temperature of 300+/-10 DEG C. The invention also discloses a tool for straightening bending deformation of the crankshaft. The crankshaft is elastically corrected through the special straightening tool, the problems that the large crankshaft is difficult to straighten and easy to crack in the prior art are solved, and the straightening process is simple, convenient, safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bent axle aligning method and alignment frock, aligning method and alignment frock after particularly a kind of large-scale deflection of crankshaft distortion.
Background technology
Bent axle need carry out surfaces nitrided processing behind the correct grinding axle journal in the processing process.Because the residual stress that produces in process of bent axle obtains release down hot, and nitrogen treatment can produce thermal stress, causes bent axle to occur bending and deformation, and each trunnion is beated greatly, can't satisfy matching requirements and the needs alignment.Aligning method of the prior art is to adopt the hot alignment of hydraulic straightening machine, promptly heat the two ends axle journal of back supporting crankshaft at bent axle, force bent axle to produce the back-flexing distortion in the bent axle centre position with the hydraulic straightening machine plus-pressure, and this method necessarily has plastic deformation generation alignment just to produce effect, pressure that will be very big reaches bigger drafts like this, as 2 meters long cast-iron crankshafts, need the above drafts of 10mm could begin to occur the plasticity crankshaft deformation during heating alignment.And bent axle surface nitride layer fragility is big, breaks owing to distortion greatly very easily produces micro-crack even school at axle journal fillet place when using the hydraulic press alignment.This micro-crack is difficult to be found in the postorder flaw detection and causes installation back off-axis hidden danger, has a strong impact on the reliability that bent axle uses.Have a big risk so this common straightening technology exists, operation is difficult, defectives such as alignment weak effect.
Summary of the invention
Method and apparatus of the present invention is in order to overcome defective in the above-mentioned prior art, by the alignment frock of special use bent axle is carried out elasticity and proofread and correct, and has solved the medium-and-large-sized bent axle alignment of prior art difficulty, problem easy to crack, and alignment process is easy and safe and reliable.
The aligning method of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention comprises the steps: to use the alignment frock to carry out the elasticity correction under hot at diastrophic bent axle, promptly makes bent axle produce certain back-flexing strain according to bending deformation quantity; The processing of under 400 ± 10 ℃ temperature, finalizing the design of bent axle after elasticity proofreaied and correct; The pressure state of bent axle and air cooling are to room temperature after keeping typing to handle; With bent axle unloading and the bent axle after will unloading under 300 ± 10 ℃ temperature, carry out the destressing Ageing Treatment.
Wherein, use the alignment frock to be specially at diastrophic bent axle: the trunnion of crankshaft two end is placed on the U type supporting base of alignment base plate both sides in hot step of carrying out the elasticity correction down, detect bay axle journal jerk value in the bent axle, make crooked peak upwards; In middle bay axle journal corresponding position is screwed into symmetrically arranged two screw rods corresponding screw on the alignment base plate; On screw rod sheathed U type cushion block and be pressed on the bay axle journal, tighten the nut adaptive with screw rod, pressure block makes bent axle produce the back-flexing strain to the precompressed size; The bent axle of precompressed is put into heating furnace and under 400 ± 10 ℃ temperature, be incubated 2 hours; Bent axle after coming out of the stove is carried out the secondary pressurization according to the measuring and calculating size.
Wherein, the bent axle after the elasticity correction is specially in the step of handling of finalizing the design under 400 ± 10 ℃ the temperature: the bent axle after elasticity is proofreaied and correct is put into heating furnace and be incubated 3-4 hour under 400 ± 10 ℃ temperature.
Wherein, with bent axle unloading and the bent axle after will unload be specially in the step of carrying out the destressing Ageing Treatment under 300 ± 10 ℃ the temperature: unscrew nut and bent axle is unloaded and puts into heating furnace under 300 ± 10 ℃ temperature, be incubated 3-4 hour.
Wherein, precompressed size can be for 0.2 to 0.3mm; Heating furnace can be desk-top resistance furnace.
The alignment frock of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention, comprise the alignment base plate, establish the U type supporting base that is used to support the crankshaft two end trunnion in alignment base plate both sides, the alignment frock also comprise with respect to symmetrically arranged two screw rods of bay axle journal in the bent axle, two nuts and with bent axle in the suitable U type cushion block of bay axle journal; Screw thread is established at the screw rod two ends, and screw rod one end is spirally connected and is fixed in the corresponding screw of alignment base plate, and the screw rod other end is arranged in the U type cushion block, and by nut U type cushion block is crimped in the bent axle on the bay axle journal.
Compared with prior art, the inventive method and device can effectively solve the difficult alignment of large-scale bent axle, a difficult problem easy to crack, and alignment process is easy, safe and reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the alignment tool structure schematic diagram of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the aligning method schematic flow sheet of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention.
Mark the following drawings mark thereon in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
1-U type supporting base, 2-U type cushion block, 3-screw rod, 4-nut, 5-bent axle, 6-alignment base plate.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of the specific embodiment.
The straightening technology of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention mainly comprises bent axle alignment processing and bent axle heat-set treatment two big steps, it is to have utilized metal material under uniform temperature, certain stress (even little σ s) effect, slowly produces the principle of plastic deformation continuously along with the increase of time.Because metal is the apparent in view creep effect of ability when temperature is higher than 0.3Tf (melting temperature) only, we have selected about 400 ℃ warm area for use for nitrided crankshaft, and this temperature is had no effect to the hardness of nitration case.Use special alignment platform (alignment base plate of the present invention) during alignment, the centre position of alignment base plate has increased the screw rod that is used for exerting pressure, and by fastening nut, depresses the U-shaped cushion block, and bent axle produces elasticity of flexure distortion.Be incubated in high temperature then, the state of keep-uping pressure is as cold as room temperature after coming out of the stove, and refills stove after the unloading and removes alignment stress.Adopt this method only to need less alignment drafts, be in fully at bent axle under the situation of strain, just can return the nitrogenize bending deformation quantity alignment of bent axle, generally can reach two meters long bent axles more than the 1.00mm to the deflection of beating and be aligned to and beat below 0.15mm.The frock and the technical process of this straightening technology are easy, and handling safety is reliable, and save the use of hydraulic straightening machine.Through verification experimental verification, the bent axle of alignment finds no crackle or unusual fatigue failure through flaw detection and bench test.
Below aligning method and alignment frock are described in detail:
Method embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the aligning method of a kind of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention comprises the steps:
Device embodiment
The alignment frock of deflection of crankshaft distortion of the present invention, comprise alignment base plate 6, establish the U type supporting base 1 that is used to support bent axle 5 two ends trunnions in alignment base plate 6 both sides, this alignment frock also comprise with respect to symmetrically arranged two screw rods of bay axle journal in the bent axle 3, two nuts 4 and with bent axle in the suitable U type cushion block 2 of bay axle journal; Screw thread is established at screw rod 3 two ends, and screw rod one end is spirally connected and is fixed in the alignment base plate 6 corresponding screws, and screw rod 3 other ends are arranged in the U type cushion block 2, and by nut 4 U type cushion block 2 is crimped in the bent axle on the bay axle journal.
The present invention is by special-purpose alignment frock and above-mentioned aligning method, not only can solve the difficult alignment of large-scale bent axle, a difficult problem easy to crack, and alignment process is easy, safe and reliable.
More than disclosed only be the specific embodiment of a method and apparatus of the present invention, still, the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the aligning method of a deflection of crankshaft distortion is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Use the alignment frock under hot, to carry out the elasticity correction at diastrophic bent axle, promptly make bent axle produce certain back-flexing strain according to bending deformation quantity;
The processing of under 400 ± 10 ℃ temperature, finalizing the design of bent axle after described elasticity proofreaied and correct;
The pressure state of bent axle and air cooling are to room temperature after keeping typing to handle;
With bent axle unloading and the bent axle after will unloading under 300 ± 10 ℃ temperature, carry out the destressing Ageing Treatment.
2. the aligning method of deflection of crankshaft according to claim 1 distortion is characterized in that, describedly uses the alignment frock to carry out the step that elasticity proofreaies and correct down and be specially hot at diastrophic bent axle:
The trunnion of crankshaft two end is placed on the U type supporting base of alignment base plate both sides, detects bay axle journal jerk value in the bent axle, make crooked peak upwards;
Bay axle journal corresponding position is screwed into symmetrically arranged two screw rods in the corresponding screw on the alignment base plate in described;
On described screw rod sheathed U type cushion block and be pressed in described on the bay axle journal, tighten the nut adaptive with screw rod, pressure block makes bent axle produce the back-flexing strain to the precompressed size;
The bent axle of precompressed is put into heating furnace and under 400 ± 10 ℃ temperature, be incubated 2 hours;
Bent axle after coming out of the stove is carried out the secondary pressurization according to the measuring and calculating size.
3. the aligning method of deflection of crankshaft distortion according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described bent axle after elasticity is proofreaied and correct is specially in the step of handling of finalizing the design under 400 ± 10 ℃ the temperature: the bent axle after elasticity is proofreaied and correct is put into heating furnace and be incubated 3-4 hour under 400 ± 10 ℃ temperature.
4. the aligning method of deflection of crankshaft distortion according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described with bent axle unloading and the bent axle after will unload be specially in the step of carrying out the destressing Ageing Treatment under 300 ± 10 ℃ the temperature: unscrew nut and bent axle is unloaded and puts into heating furnace under 300 ± 10 ℃ temperature, be incubated 3-4 hour.
5. according to the aligning method of any described deflection of crankshaft distortion of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that described precompressed is of a size of 0.2 to 0.3mm.
6. according to the aligning method of any described deflection of crankshaft distortion of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that described heating furnace is desk-top resistance furnace.
7. the alignment frock of deflection of crankshaft distortion, it is characterized in that, comprise the alignment base plate, establish the U type supporting base that is used to support the crankshaft two end trunnion in alignment base plate both sides, described alignment frock also comprise with respect to symmetrically arranged two screw rods of bay axle journal in the bent axle, two nuts and with bent axle in the suitable U type cushion block of bay axle journal; Screw thread is established at described screw rod two ends, and screw rod one end is spirally connected and is fixed in the corresponding screw of alignment base plate, and the screw rod other end is arranged in the described U type cushion block, and by described nut U type cushion block is crimped in the bent axle on the bay axle journal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010134617 CN102198457B (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010134617 CN102198457B (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft |
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| CN102198457A true CN102198457A (en) | 2011-09-28 |
| CN102198457B CN102198457B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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| CN 201010134617 Active CN102198457B (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102384819A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-21 | 上海辛克试验机有限公司 | Device and method for correcting dynamic balance of crankshaft |
| CN104438479A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 | Method for correcting and adjusting deformation of locomotive crankshaft |
| CN105945093A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | Straightening technology of long shaft type forging piece |
| CN107088595A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-25 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of bent axle pressure straightening apparatus and method of integrated axle journal roundness measurement |
| CN107695138A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-16 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of apparatus for correcting and method of crankshaft torsion deformation |
| CN108620451A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2018-10-09 | 四川省宜宾普什汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method |
| CN108621040A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2018-10-09 | 四川省宜宾普什汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of high-precision high rigidity low cost crankshaft processing technology |
| CN108856367A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of valve rod bending deformation straightening technology |
| CN109112275A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-01 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | A kind of deformed aligning method of gear shaft carburizing and quenching and coalignment |
| CN109647936A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | It is set with the d-axis method of turbine rotor |
| CN109848255A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-07 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of straightening method of big L/D ratio complexity crankshaft |
| CN110026453A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | A kind of method and alignment tooling of alignment axis |
| CN110293153A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-01 | 荆州环球汽车零部件制造有限公司 | The accurate aligning method of appearance color consistency is kept after a kind of crankshaft ionic nitriding |
| CN111809138A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-23 | 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 | Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method |
| CN115178608A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-10-14 | 山东理工大学 | Bent out-of-tolerance crankshaft repair is with whole alignment mechanism |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102384819A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-21 | 上海辛克试验机有限公司 | Device and method for correcting dynamic balance of crankshaft |
| CN104438479A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 | Method for correcting and adjusting deformation of locomotive crankshaft |
| CN105945093A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | Straightening technology of long shaft type forging piece |
| CN108620451A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2018-10-09 | 四川省宜宾普什汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method |
| CN108620451B (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2019-10-25 | 四川省宜宾普什汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method |
| CN108621040A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2018-10-09 | 四川省宜宾普什汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of high-precision high rigidity low cost crankshaft processing technology |
| CN107088595B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-08-31 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of bent axle pressure straightening device and method of integrated axle journal roundness measurement |
| CN107088595A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-25 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of bent axle pressure straightening apparatus and method of integrated axle journal roundness measurement |
| CN107695138A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-16 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of apparatus for correcting and method of crankshaft torsion deformation |
| CN107695138B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-04-30 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of apparatus for correcting and method of crankshaft torsion deformation |
| CN108856367A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of valve rod bending deformation straightening technology |
| CN109112275A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-01 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | A kind of deformed aligning method of gear shaft carburizing and quenching and coalignment |
| CN109647936B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-05-26 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method for sleeving straight shaft of steam turbine rotor |
| CN109647936A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | It is set with the d-axis method of turbine rotor |
| CN109848255A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-07 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of straightening method of big L/D ratio complexity crankshaft |
| CN109848255B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-10-13 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for correcting complex crankshaft with large length-diameter ratio |
| CN110026453A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | A kind of method and alignment tooling of alignment axis |
| CN110293153A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-01 | 荆州环球汽车零部件制造有限公司 | The accurate aligning method of appearance color consistency is kept after a kind of crankshaft ionic nitriding |
| CN110293153B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-06-09 | 荆州环球汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Accurate straightening method for keeping appearance color consistency after crankshaft ion nitriding |
| CN111809138A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-23 | 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 | Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method |
| CN115178608A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-10-14 | 山东理工大学 | Bent out-of-tolerance crankshaft repair is with whole alignment mechanism |
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