CN110026453A - A kind of method and alignment tooling of alignment axis - Google Patents
A kind of method and alignment tooling of alignment axis Download PDFInfo
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- CN110026453A CN110026453A CN201910334032.8A CN201910334032A CN110026453A CN 110026453 A CN110026453 A CN 110026453A CN 201910334032 A CN201910334032 A CN 201910334032A CN 110026453 A CN110026453 A CN 110026453A
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- axis
- straightened
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- interference
- load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/10—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts between rams and anvils or abutments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for being straightened axis, the bending deformation quantity including obtaining axis to be straightened；It is obtained being straightened the load wait needed for being straightened axis according to the bending deformation quantity；The load is loaded on into the reversed of the bending direction of axis to be straightened；Heat axis to be straightened, to make axis high-temerature creep to be straightened to realize that contraflexure deforms；Load described in removal.The characteristics of method of above-mentioned alignment axis utilizes the yield strength of material under the condition of high temperature to be lower than the yield strength of material under normal temperature state, by loading device by load be applied to axis to be straightened bending direction it is reversed, and by loading device and axis to be straightened heating to achieve the purpose that mechanical alignment.The load that rationally setting loading device is applied to axis to be straightened can ensure axis to be straightened back-flexing at high temperature, neither will cause its performance impairment, and it is wide to be straightened precision height, alignment range.The invention also discloses a kind of alignment tooling, the method that can be applied to above-mentioned alignment axis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to part alignment field more particularly to a kind of methods for being straightened axis.The invention further relates to a kind of applications
In the alignment tooling of the method for above-mentioned alignment axis.
Background technique
Axis is careless slightly during processing and manufacturing to be bent, and with length be 3m, straight for elongated shaft
For diameter is the axis of 400mm, the bending of axis is easily caused during heat-treatment quenching, and curved axis cannot such as guarantee it
Processing can only just be scrapped by being accurately aligned in zone of reasonableness under the premise of service performance, and biggish economy is in turn resulted in
Loss.
For this purpose, how to be accurately straightened axis, become those skilled in the art's urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for being straightened axis, both can achieve alignment purpose, additionally it is possible to guarantee that it makes
Use performance.It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of alignment toolings, are straightened in combination with the above method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of method for being straightened axis, comprising:
Obtain the bending deformation quantity of axis to be straightened；
It is obtained being straightened the load wait needed for being straightened axis according to the bending deformation quantity；
The load is loaded on into the reversed of the bending direction of axis to be straightened；
Heat axis to be straightened, to make axis high-temerature creep to be straightened to realize that contraflexure deforms；
Load described in removal.
Preferably, the step of bending deformation quantity for obtaining axis to be straightened specifically includes:
Axis to be straightened is loaded in lathe；
Treat alignment axis centering, the corresponding jump in pitch circle bounce position and pitch circle bounce position to obtain axis to be straightened
Momentum；
The bending deformation quantity of axis to be straightened is calculated according to pitch circle bounce position and the jerk value.
Preferably, described the step of obtaining being straightened wait load needed for being straightened axis according to the bending deformation quantity specifically:
Initial interference is calculated according to the bending deformation quantity；
Theoretical magnitude of interference and theoretical moment of flexure are determined, so that the initial interference and the reason according to the initial interference
Meet target magnitude of interference by the vector sum of magnitude of interference, and the theoretical magnitude of interference is greater than the yield strength of axis to be straightened；
It is straightened according to the theoretical moment of flexure determination wait the load needed for being straightened axis.
Preferably, the theoretical magnitude of interference are as follows:
σ=M/0.1d3,
Wherein, σ is theoretical magnitude of interference, and M is the theoretical moment of flexure being applied to wait be straightened on axis, and d is the diameter of axis to be straightened.
Preferably, the reversed step of the bending direction that the load is loaded on to axis to be straightened specifically includes:
Axis level to be straightened is loaded in alignment tooling, the bending direction of axis to be straightened is arranged upward；
Weight is fixed on the top of axis to be straightened, to realize the bending direction that the load is loaded on to axis to be straightened
Reversely.
Preferably, described heat axis to be straightened, to make axis high-temerature creep to be straightened to realize contraflexure deformation the step of
Between the step of load described in the removal further include:
Axis is cooled to room temperature；And/or
After the step of load described in the removal further include:
Measure and calculate the practical magnitude of interference of the axis after alignment；
Compare whether the practical magnitude of interference meets the target magnitude of interference, if it is not, it is practical then to enable initial interference be equal to
Magnitude of interference, and return it is described according to initial interference determine theoretical magnitude of interference and theoretical moment of flexure, so that the initial interference and
The vector sum of the theory magnitude of interference meets target magnitude of interference, and the theoretical magnitude of interference is greater than the yield strength of axis to be straightened
Step；If so,
Lonneal handles axis.
The present invention also provides a kind of alignment toolings, the method applied to above-mentioned alignment axis, comprising:
Alignment pedestal to horizontal fixed axis to be straightened；
The weight of load is downwardly applied to above the axis to be straightened on the alignment pedestal to self-retaining.
Preferably, further includes:
Set on the weight lower section and upper surface is contacted with the weight, lower end surface is to the side wall with axis to be straightened
The radian balance weight of application of a surface；
Between alignment pedestal and the weight, to support the weight jointly with the radian balance weight
Supporting block.
Preferably, the weight along the horizontal plane in section be in equilateral triangle；
The number of the supporting block is specially two, and two supporting blocks and a radian balance weight are respectively set
In three apexes of the weight.
Preferably, the alignment pedestal includes:
Flat base；
Multiple upper surfaces for being detachably secured to the flat base and coaxial arrangement put axis to block from top to bottom
Support base；Any support base has to lower recess, the negative camber to be close to axis to be straightened.
Relative to above-mentioned background technique, the method for alignment axis provided by the present invention utilizes the surrender of material under the condition of high temperature
Intensity is lower than the characteristics of yield strength of material under normal temperature state, and combines the bending deformation situation in state, will by loading device
Load is applied to the reversed of the bending direction of axis to be straightened, and by loading device and axis to be straightened heating to reach mechanical alignment
Purpose.In brief, the above method uses the recurvate principle of high-temerature creep, and the load of axis to be straightened is applied to by being rationally arranged
Lotus can ensure axis back-flexing at high temperature, neither will cause the performance impairment of axis to be straightened, and it is high to be straightened precision.
The method that alignment tooling provided by the present invention is suitable for above-mentioned alignment axis, can be in the process for being straightened axis to be straightened
Middle fixation axis to be straightened and the reasonable load of reversely application to the bending direction of axis to be straightened, wherein alignment pedestal be located to
Be straightened the lower section of axis, for horizontal fixed axis to be straightened to realize the bending direction of axis to be straightened upward, once weight court
To the bending direction wait be straightened axis when reversely depressing and reach theoretical alignment amount, the bottom surface of axis be straightened base contacts, to keep away
It is excessive to exempt from alignment.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the first alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the method for second of alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of the method for the third alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the method for the 4th kind of alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of alignment tooling provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, with reference to the accompanying drawing and it is embodied
The present invention is described in further detail for mode.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is please referred to, Fig. 1 is the process signal of the method for the first alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the method for second of alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention
The flow diagram of the method for the third provided alignment axis；Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of alignment axis provided by the embodiment of the present invention
Method flow diagram；Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of alignment tooling provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of method for being straightened axis, comprising:
S1: the bending deformation quantity of axis 01 to be straightened is obtained；
S2: load needed for being straightened axis 01 to be straightened is obtained according to bending deformation quantity；
S3: load is applied to the reversed of the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened；
S4: heat axis 01 to be straightened, to make 01 high-temerature creep of axis to be straightened to realize that contraflexure deforms；
S5: load removal.
The method of alignment axis provided herein is deformed using high-temerature creep contraflexure, that is to say, that using wait be straightened
The lower feature of the yield strength of its material at high operating temperatures of axis 01 is carried to the reversed application of the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened
Lotus, to eliminate the bending of axis 01 to be straightened.The state of axis usually after alignment can be divided into two kinds of situations: one, the axis after being straightened
Without bending；Two, the axis after being straightened still has bending, but bending deformation quantity at this time meets the installation requirements of axis.
Before being straightened axis 01 to be straightened, need to treat the current bending state of alignment axis 01 and analyzed, for example, one to
There are several curved poles of theoretical centerline relative to axis 01 to be straightened on alignment axis 01, it may also be said to be one wait be straightened
There are several sections of bendings on axis 01, and certainly, bending state should also include to describe each section of curved arrow in addition to curved quantity
Amount, such as bending direction and the degree of bending.To sum up, curved quantity, bending direction and the bending degree of axis 01 to be straightened can
With with bending deformation quantity come homeostasis, that is to say, that need to measure the bending deformation of axis 01 to be straightened before being straightened axis 01 to be straightened
Amount.It should be noted that aforementioned axis to be straightened 01 not merely refers to optical axis, it further include other using axis 01 to be straightened as composed structure
One of components, such as gear shaft.
After measurement obtains the bending deformation quantity wait be straightened axis 01, so that it may using after alignment without the ideal being bent as alignment
State, and the load that axis 01 to be straightened can be aligned to ideally required application is calculated according to aforementioned bending deformation quantity
Lotus, the direction of size and load including load；And then load is loaded on into axis 01 to be straightened, and the load for applying load is filled
It sets and axis to be straightened 01 while heating, the yield strength to reduce axis 01 to be straightened, to realize the surrender in axis 01 to be straightened
Axis 01 to be straightened is aligned to perfect condition using the load being applied on axis 01 to be straightened when intensity is lower；When axis 01 to be straightened
At high temperature stand a period of time, and bending part be improved even full correction it is straight after, the load for being applied to axis is unloaded
It carries, completes alignment.
Loading device in view of applying load needs to heat simultaneously with axis 01 to be straightened, thus the device for applying load is logical
Frequently with variable weights resistant to high temperature, carried using the gravity of variable weights itself to the reversed application of the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened
Lotus.Certainly, may also set up other can be to the loading device of the Opposite side loading load of the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened, as long as energy
Enough ensure the loading device high temperature resistant and the load of definite value can be applied to axis 01 to be straightened.Obviously, if using weight bearing
Block then needs to guarantee the relative position of variable weights Yu axis 01 to be straightened as the device for applying load, namely needs to treat alignment
Axis 01 and variable weights carry out installation fixation, to ensure the bending direction of the axis to be straightened 01 under the heated condition vertically upward,
And variable weights treat the direction for the load that alignment axis 01 applies downwards.
Compared to the method for existing alignment axis, the method for alignment axis provided by the present invention uses high-temerature creep contraflexure
It is straightened axis 01 to be straightened, because the yield strength of axis 01 to be straightened under high temperature is small, what is applied to it is small to the load that is straightened, will not
Alignment axis 01 is treated to cause to damage；And the spring-go amount after unloading is small, both may be implemented significantly to be straightened, and can also realize school by a small margin
Directly, in brief, the method for the alignment axis can be realized biggish alignment range and alignment precision is high.
With reference to the accompanying drawing and embodiment, further description is done to the method for alignment axis provided by the present invention.
The step of obtaining the bending deformation quantity of axis 01 to be straightened specifically includes:
S11: axis 01 to be straightened is loaded in lathe；
S12: it is corresponding to obtain the pitch circle bounce position of axis 01 to be straightened and pitch circle bounce position to treat alignment 01 centering of axis
Jerk value；
S13: the bending deformation quantity of axis 01 to be straightened is calculated according to pitch circle bounce position and jerk value.
The concrete mode for obtaining the bending deformation quantity of axis 01 to be straightened is not unique, can be according to the installation requirements of axis 01 to be straightened
Reasonably select, below in such a way that lathe centering is as the bending deformation quantity for obtaining axis 01 to be straightened for be illustrated.
Axis 01 to be straightened is loaded in lathe, lathe is started, making to be loaded needs to be straightened scroll chuck and the thimble rotation of axis 01
Turn to drive axis 01 to be straightened to rotate, and make the surface of the scriber alignment workpiece of lathe, according to scriber and 01 surface of axis to be straightened
Between gap carry out centering.
Since the bending part of axis 01 to be straightened will form the biggish surface of revolution when rotated, scriber and axis to be straightened can be made
Gap between 01 surface reduces and then contacts, and can obtain checking list dial plate according to the numerical value change situation of checking list dial plate at this time
The maximum value of numerical fluctuations, the position of the corresponding axis 01 to be straightened of scriber is pitch circle bounce position at this time, and according to the position
The numerical value of lower checking list dial plate can be calculated corresponding to jerk value namely the pitch circle bounce position of 01 current location of axis to be straightened
Jerk value.Beating jerk value corresponding to position and pitch circle bounce position according to the pitch circle of the aforementioned axis to be straightened 01 measured can
The bending deformation quantity to axis 01 to be straightened calculated, including amount of deflection and corner.
The step of obtaining load needed for being straightened axis 01 to be straightened according to bending deformation quantity specifically:
S21: initial interference is calculated according to bending deformation quantity；
S22: theoretical magnitude of interference and theoretical moment of flexure are determined, so that initial interference and theoretical magnitude of interference according to initial interference
Vector sum meet target magnitude of interference, and theoretical magnitude of interference is greater than the yield strength of axis 01 to be straightened；
S23: load needed for being straightened axis 01 to be straightened is determined according to theoretical moment of flexure.
Even if load removal rear axle still can generate the spring-go amount of minimum amplitude in view of being straightened in the case of a high temperature, because
And axis 01 to be straightened is aligned to the difficult of no bending state namely perfect condition, therefore be usually straightened axis 01 to be straightened
To meeting installation requirements.
It specifically, can be by the interference between axis 01 to be straightened and the mounting hole of the components to install axis 01 to be straightened
Amount is considered as initial interference, as long as reducing initial interference by alignment to realize that the axis after alignment can be assembled to peace as required
It fills in hole, and this axis and the fitting limit of hole cooperation can be considered target magnitude of interference, that is to say, that as long as after guaranteeing alignment
Axis and the magnitude of interference of mounting hole meet target magnitude of interference.
To sum up, when calculating is straightened the load needed for being straightened axis 01, the bending deformation quantity using axis 01 to be straightened is needed,
Namely amount of deflection and corner calculate initial interference when being straightened axis 01 and mounting hole assembles, and are made according to the axis 01 to be straightened
Its target magnitude of interference is determined with occasion；And theoretical magnitude of interference then can be considered and be aligned to axis 01 to be straightened completely from initial interference
Any value that is straight or meeting target magnitude of interference, that is to say, that the vector sum of theoretical magnitude of interference and initial interference is equal to 0
Or the vector sum of theoretical magnitude of interference and initial interference meets target magnitude of interference, it is clear that this theoretical magnitude of interference should be greater than
The yield strength of axis 01 to be straightened just is able to achieve the alignment under high temperature.
Wherein, theoretical magnitude of interference are as follows:
σ=M/0.1d3,
Wherein, σ is theoretical magnitude of interference, and M is the theoretical moment of flexure being applied on axis 01 to be straightened, and d is the straight of axis 01 to be straightened
Diameter.It can determine that the theoretical magnitude of interference institute of the condition of satisfaction is right according to the relationship of three parameters involved in this formula of theoretical magnitude of interference
The value for the theoretical moment of flexure answered；Specifically, theoretical magnitude of interference σ is predetermined value, and the diameter of axis 01 to be straightened is measured value,
The theoretical moment M being applied on axis 01 to be straightened then is the relating value for being applied to 01 load of axis to be straightened, according to theoretical magnitude of interference σ
It can be calculated theoretical moment M, and then calculate the load for being straightened axis 01 to be straightened and being applied according to theoretical moment M.
Further, the reversed step that load is loaded on to the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened specifically includes:
S31: 01 level of axis to be straightened is loaded in alignment tooling, set the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened upward
It sets；
S32: weight 2 is fixed on the top of axis 01 to be straightened, to realize to the reversed of the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened
Apply load.
In this embodiment, the weight 2 of the reversed application load for the bending direction to axis 01 to be straightened specifically is selected
Variable weights, the position between fixed variable weights and axis to be straightened 01, can be fixed on alignment for 01 level of axis to be straightened for convenience
Tooling；With season, the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened is arranged upward, so that variable weights are downwardly applied to pressure using self gravity.
Wherein, the set-up mode for being straightened tooling is not unique, makees as long as being capable of providing the horizontal fixed support of axis 01 to be straightened
With, for example, be loaded from bottom to top or both ends clamping etc..In view of axis 01 to be straightened has that alignment is excessive, preferably
Using the mode that is loaded from bottom to top, that is to say, that when bending direction from variable weights to axis 01 to be straightened reversed application load
When, the bending part of axis 01 to be straightened is shunk gradually downward, until it is straight, once the lower surface of curved part and alignment originally
Tooling contact is then straightened tooling and provides support force straight up, excessive to avoid alignment to axis.
On the basis of the above embodiments, axis 01 to be straightened, anti-to realize to make 01 high-temerature creep of axis to be straightened is heated
Between the step of the step of bending deformation and load removal further include:
S50: axis is cooled to room temperature；And/or
After the step of load removal further include:
S6: measuring and calculates the practical magnitude of interference of the axis after alignment；
S7: whether practical magnitude of interference meets target magnitude of interference, if it is not, initial interference is then enabled to be equal to practical interference
Amount, and return step S22；If so, into
S8: lonneal handles axis.
Since high-temerature creep contraflexure deforms the alignment effect in this aligning method by the size of axis 01 to be straightened itself
The load, the duration of alignment and the heating temperature that are applied with material, the fixed form of axis to be straightened 01, variable weights etc. it is multiple because
The influence of element, thus the practical magnitude of interference of the axis and mounting hole after alignment may and be unsatisfactory for target magnitude of interference, for this purpose, in removal
Further include that axis is cooled to room temperature after the step of load, then to axis after cooling again centering to determine its practical interference
Amount, compares whether the practical magnitude of interference meets target magnitude of interference, completes to be straightened if meeting, higher for some exact requirements
Axis can also carry out further progress lonneal processing, to guarantee its structural behaviour；It needs to repeat if being unsatisfactory for be straightened
Process, namely carry out secondary alignment.
The method of alignment axis provided by the present invention utilizes the recurvate principle of high-temerature creep, by the way that weight 2 is rationally arranged
The load for being applied to axis 01 to be straightened can ensure the back-flexing at high temperature of axis 01 to be straightened, and neither will cause axis 01 to be straightened
Performance impairment, and be straightened that precision is high, alignment range is wide.
The present invention also provides a kind of alignment tooling, including alignment pedestal 1 and weight 2, when alignment will axis 01 be straightened it is horizontal
It is fixed on alignment pedestal 1 and fixes the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened upward, then weight 2 is fixed on axis 01 to be straightened
Top, to realize that weight 2 reversely applies load to the bending direction of axis 01 to be straightened.
When need to be straightened wait be straightened axis 01 it is fixed using aforementioned alignment tooling after, axis 01 to be straightened and can will be straightened tooling
It heats simultaneously, the furnace structures such as heating furnace can be used, so that weight 2, axis to be straightened 01 and alignment pedestal 1 is complete in heating device
It is placed in the heating chamber of heating furnace, it is ensured that temperature of the axis 01 to be straightened in alignment process is constant, and then guarantees axis 01 to be straightened
Microstructure it is in stable condition.
It should be noted that in order to avoid axis 01 to be straightened and alignment pedestal 1 or weight 2 bond in the case of a high temperature,
Alignment pedestal 1 and weight 2 should select material more resistant to high temperature than the material of axis 01 to be straightened, or can be in alignment pedestal 1
To contact the lower end surface coating high-temperaure coating of the upper surface and weight 2 of axis 01 to be straightened to contact axis 01 to be straightened.
The face contacted with weight 2 in view of axis 01 to be straightened is curved surface, for convenience fixed axis 01 to be straightened and weight 2 it
Between relative position, the equipment of alignment axis 01 to be straightened further include set on weight 2 lower section and upper surface contacted with weight 2,
Lower end surface to the application of a surface of 01 side wall of axis to be straightened radian balance weight 3 and be set to alignment pedestal 1 and weight 2 between,
To support the supporting block 4 of weight 2 jointly with radian balance weight 3.In simple terms, weight 2 relies on supporting block 4 and radian balance weight
3 common realize are fixed, wherein supporting block 4 is fixed on the lower end surface of weight 2 and is straightened the upper surface of the bottom plate of pedestal 1, and radian
Balance weight 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower end surface of weight 2 and the bending part of axis 01 to be straightened.
The number of supporting block 4 is preferably two, and two supporting blocks 4 and radian balance weight 3 be not conllinear, therefore both of the aforesaid
Supporting block 4 and radian balance weight 3 can be considered supported at three point to the support of weight 2；Obviously, it is applied by the weight 2 of three fulcrum supports
The load for being added on axis 01 to be straightened is less than the self weight of weight 2, calculates the load that weight 2 is actually applied to axis 01 to be straightened for convenience
Lotus, weight 2 along the horizontal plane in section be preferably equilateral triangle, and then two supporting blocks 4 and a radian balance weight 3 are distinguished
It is fixed on three apexes of weight 2.
Further, alignment pedestal 1 includes flat base 11 and multiple upper ends for being detachably secured to flat base 11
Face and with axis 01 to be straightened setting, to block the support base 12 for putting axis 01 to be straightened from top to bottom；Wherein, any support base 12 has
Oriented lower recess, the negative camber to be close to axis 01 to be straightened.It, can basis when will be fixed on multiple support bases 12 wait be straightened axis 01
The diameter of axis 01 to be straightened selects the model of support base 12, and specifically, support base 12 has the curved surface to lower recess,
The radius of curvature of the curved surface of different types of support base 12 is used to match the diameter of different axis to be straightened 01, fixed axis to be straightened
The support base 12 for needing to select to fit with axis 01 to be straightened curved surface directed downwardly when 01, to guarantee that the top of axis 01 to be straightened is applied
Axis 01 to be straightened will not be deviated towards horizontal two sides when loading lotus；And then it can also length according to axis 01 to be straightened and axis to be straightened
Position where 01 bending part is adjusted the spacing between multiple support bases 12.
Fastener realization specifically can be used in being detachably connected between any support base 12 and flat base 11, can also be
Groove is arranged in the upper surface of straight bottom plate, is realized and is fixed by the interference fit of groove and the bottom end of any support base 12.
The method and alignment tooling of alignment axis provided by the present invention are described in detail above.It is used herein
A specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and the above embodiments are only used to help understand originally
The method and its core concept of invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from this hair
, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention under the premise of bright principle, these improvement and modification also fall into power of the present invention
In the protection scope that benefit requires.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for being straightened axis characterized by comprising
Obtain the bending deformation quantity of axis to be straightened (01)；
Load needed for being straightened axis to be straightened (01) is obtained according to the bending deformation quantity；
The load is loaded on into the reversed of the bending direction of axis to be straightened (01)；
Heat axis to be straightened (01), to make axis to be straightened (01) high-temerature creep with realize contraflexure deform；
Load described in removal.
2. the method for alignment axis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bending for obtaining axis to be straightened (01) becomes
The step of shape amount, specifically includes:
Axis (01) to be straightened is loaded in lathe；
It is corresponding to treat alignment axis (01) centering, the pitch circle bounce position to obtain axis to be straightened (01) and pitch circle bounce position
Jerk value；
The bending deformation quantity of axis to be straightened (01) is calculated according to pitch circle bounce position and the jerk value.
3. the method for alignment axis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to obtain school according to the bending deformation quantity
The step of load needed for waiting until alignment axis (01) specifically:
Initial interference is calculated according to the bending deformation quantity；
Theoretical magnitude of interference and theoretical moment of flexure are determined, so that the initial interference and the theoretical mistake according to the initial interference
The vector sum for the amount of being full of meets target magnitude of interference, and the theoretical magnitude of interference is greater than the yield strength of axis to be straightened (01)；
Load needed for being straightened axis to be straightened (01) is determined according to the theoretical moment of flexure.
4. the method for alignment axis according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the theory magnitude of interference are as follows:
σ=M/0.1d3,
Wherein, σ is theoretical magnitude of interference, and M is the theoretical moment of flexure being applied on axis to be straightened (01), and d is the straight of axis to be straightened (01)
Diameter.
5. the method for alignment axis according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described that the load is loaded on axis to be straightened
(01) the reversed step of bending direction specifically includes:
Axis to be straightened (01) level is loaded in alignment tooling, the bending direction of axis to be straightened (01) is arranged upward；
Weight (2) is fixed on the top of axis to be straightened (01), the load is loaded on into the curved of axis to be straightened (01) to realize
Qu Fangxiang's is reversed.
6. according to the method for the described in any item alignment axis of claim 3 to 5, which is characterized in that described to heat axis to be straightened
(01), the step of the step of to make axis to be straightened (01) high-temerature creep to realize contraflexure deformation, is with load described in the removal
Between further include:
Axis is cooled to room temperature；And/or
After the step of load described in the removal further include:
Measure and calculate the practical magnitude of interference of the axis after alignment；
Compare whether the practical magnitude of interference meets the target magnitude of interference, if it is not, initial interference is then enabled to be equal to practical interference
Amount, and return it is described according to initial interference determine theoretical magnitude of interference and theory moment of flexure, so that the initial interference with it is described
The vector sum of theoretical magnitude of interference meets target magnitude of interference, and the theoretical magnitude of interference is greater than the yield strength of axis to be straightened (01)
Step；If so,
Lonneal handles axis.
7. a kind of alignment tooling, which is characterized in that applied to the claims 1 to 6 it is described in any item alignment axis methods,
Include:
Alignment pedestal (1) to horizontal fixed axis (01) to be straightened；
The weight (2) of load is downwardly applied to above the axis to be straightened (01) on alignment pedestal (1) to self-retaining.
8. alignment tooling according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include:
Set on the weight (2) lower section and upper surface contact with the weight (2), lower end surface to axis to be straightened (01)
The radian balance weight (3) of the application of a surface of side wall；
Between the alignment pedestal (1) and the weight (3), to the radian balance weight (3) jointly support described in
The supporting block (4) of weight (2).
9. alignment tooling according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the weight (2) along the horizontal plane in section in just
Triangle；
The number of the supporting block (4) is specially two, two supporting blocks (4) and a radian balance weight (3) point
It is not set to three apexes of the weight (2).
10. alignment tooling according to any one of claims 7 to 9, which is characterized in that the alignment pedestal (1) includes:
Flat base (11)；
Multiple upper surfaces for being detachably secured to the flat base (11) and coaxial arrangement put axis to block from top to bottom
Support base (12)；Any support base (12) has to lower recess, the negative camber to be close to axis to be straightened (01).
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| CN111842553A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 成都光明派特贵金属有限公司 | Method for straightening main shaft of noble metal stirring rod |
| CN114147144A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-08 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Wire body straightening device and method |
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| CN111842553B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-04-01 | 成都光明派特贵金属有限公司 | Method for straightening main shaft of noble metal stirring rod |
| CN114147144A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-08 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Wire body straightening device and method |
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