CN108620451B - A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method - Google Patents

A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108620451B
CN108620451B CN201710162588.4A CN201710162588A CN108620451B CN 108620451 B CN108620451 B CN 108620451B CN 201710162588 A CN201710162588 A CN 201710162588A CN 108620451 B CN108620451 B CN 108620451B
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China
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
trunnion
shield
cooling
maximum position
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CN201710162588.4A
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CN108620451A (en
Inventor
张强
郭兵
周毅涛
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PUSH AUTO PARTS CO Ltd
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PUSH AUTO PARTS CO Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to Crankshaft Machining technical fields.It is designed to provide a kind of crankshaft journal aligning method.Used technical solution is: a kind of engine crankshaft testing calibration device, comprising the following steps: A, crankshaft two end that needs are straightened is placed so that crankshaft is able to carry out rotation on bracket;B, one side turning crankshaft measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;The maximum position of deflection is then adjusted to the state to protrusion direction upward;C, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection and shield is set;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;Water-cooling-sprayer is arranged in shield inner surface, and water-cooling-sprayer is connected to cooling water supplying pipe;D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount is heated using electromagnetic heating coil;E, step B, C, D are repeated, until the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion reaches permissible value or less;The present invention causes to damage quite convenient for grasping and can be avoided to crankshaft.

Description

A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Crankshaft Machining technical fields, are specifically related to a kind of crankshaft journal aligning method.
Background technique
Crankshaft is the main rotary gadget of engine, and after loading onto connecting rod, the up and down motion that can accept connecting rod becomes shuttling movement. It is an important parts on engine, material is made of structural carbon steel or spheroidal graphite cast-iron.Crankshaft was using Cheng Zhong bears the periodical repeated stock of gas in the jar active force, rotating inertia force and frictional force.The highest of engine chamber Explosion pressure be 5~13MPa, and with 100~150 beats/min of Frequency Transfer to crankshaft, in each position shape of crankshaft At the alternate stress of the complexity such as bending, torsion, shearing and tension and compression, main bearing journal is caused to deform, therefore, it is necessary to the axis to crankshaft Neck is straightened.
Specifically include that cold pressure straightening, surface tap alignment, Flame straightening for the aligning method of crankshaft at present.It is cold-pressed school Directly since crank is distinguished on a different plane, and the rigidity difference of crankshaft along its length, therefore maximum pressure school deforms It necessarily occurs on the action direction of pressing force, and is frequently experienced at the axle journal fillet of dangerous end face, to cause to answer Power is concentrated, and the fatigue strength of crankshaft is reduced.It is by tools such as hand hammer, pneumatic hammer, chisel, flat chisels to crankshaft that surface, which taps alignment, The mode that surface is tapped is straightened, but more demanding to staff's skilled operation degree, meanwhile, during percussion It is easy that crankshaft surface is caused to damage, slight crack usually occurs.Therefore, how a kind of school that is simple and easy and not damaging crankshaft is provided Histogram method is always a great problem of this field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of crankshaft journal aligning methods, quite convenient for grasping and can be avoided to crankshaft It causes to damage.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of crankshaft journal aligning method, including Following steps:
A, the crankshaft two end that needs are straightened, which is placed on bracket, makes crankshaft be able to carry out rotation, and keeps the front end of crankshaft Axis and rear axle are in level;
B, one side turning crankshaft measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, and special mark Remember the maximum position of deflection;The maximum position of deflection is then adjusted to the state to protrusion direction upward;
C, electromagnetic heating coil being arranged in the maximum position of deflection and shield being set, shield has fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic The characteristic of shielding;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;Shield inner surface be arranged water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer with it is cold But water supplying pipe is connected to;
D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount is heated using electromagnetic heating coil, according to trunnion radial beat eccentricity Size selection be heated to 750~850 DEG C, keep the temperature 6~8 minutes, quickly sprayed water by water-cooling-sprayer immediately after heat preservation It is cooled down;
E, step B, C, D are repeated, until the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion reaches permissible value or less;
F, crankshaft is then integrally heated to 200~250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~1.5 hour, then slow cooling is straightened work to room temperature Terminate.
Preferably, in step D, when jerk value is between 0.2~0.25mm, 830~850 DEG C are heated to, heat preservation 8 Minute;When jerk value is between 0.15~0.20mm, 780~830 DEG C are heated to, keeps the temperature 7 minutes;When jerk value is less than When 0.15mm, 750~780 DEG C are heated to, keeps the temperature 6 minutes.
Preferably, in the step F, crankshaft is integrally heated to 230 DEG C in high temperature drying chamber, slow cooling is after closing drying chamber Crankshaft is with drying chamber Temperature fall.
Preferably, in step D, during being heated by electromagnetic heating coil, nitrogen is passed through into shield.
Beneficial effects of the present invention embody a concentrated reflection of:
1, trunnion is heated using electromagnetic heating coil, makes the maximum trunnion of deflection that there is plasticity, so that Its internal stress is completely discharged, without rebound after the completion of alignment;By water-cooling-sprayer project cooling water to crankshaft into Row quenching, ensure that the high rigidity and wear-resisting property of crankshaft.Meanwhile tapping alignment with traditional surface and being compared with cold pressure straightening, It avoids and crankshaft is caused to damage, ensure that the precision of crankshaft.
2, it during alignment, can be achieved with being precisely controlled alignment degree by the control to temperature and time, and Operating procedure and equipment are all relatively simple, convenient for grasping and promoting.
3, on the one hand insulation blocking may be implemented in the setting of shield, and the insulation effect on the other hand having can also be improved electricity The heating effect of magnetic heating coil.
4, preferably by being filled with nitrogen into shield, effectively obstructed air, avoid crankshaft at high temperature with air Directly contact aoxidizes, and effectively maintains the physicochemical property of crankshaft itself.
Specific embodiment
The crankshaft for the six cylinder engine that 3 need to be straightened is chosen, 3 crankshafts are straightened respectively, as embodiment one, two With three, 7 trunnions number of crankshaft is followed successively by a, b, c, d, e, f and g.Below by by way of embodiment to the present invention It is further elaborated.
Embodiment one
The trunnion diameter of the crankshaft is 220mm, and the permissible value of jerk value is < 0.06mm.
A, the crankshaft two end that needs are straightened is placed makes crankshaft be able to carry out rotation on bracket, and keeps the front end axis of crankshaft Level is in rear axle;
B, one side turning crankshaft measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, and special mark Remember the maximum position of deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.12 0.23 0.18 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion f) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
C, in the maximum position of deflection, (being located at trunnion f) is arranged electromagnetic heating coil and shield is arranged, shield tool There is the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;Shield inner surface is arranged cooling water and sprays Head, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion f) is heated using electromagnetic heating coil, according to The size selection of trunnion radial beat eccentricity is heated to 830~850 DEG C, keeps the temperature 8 minutes, passes through cooling after heat preservation immediately Sprinkler head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
E, the one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record number According to, and the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.12 0.02 0.18 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion g) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
Step C is repeated, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion g) and shield is set Cover, shield have the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;The setting of shield inner surface Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
It repeats step D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion g) is added using electromagnetic heating coil Heat is heated to 780~830 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, keeps the temperature 7 minutes, lead to immediately after heat preservation Supercooled water spray head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
The one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, And the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.12 0.02 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion e) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
Step C is repeated, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion e) and shield is set Cover, shield have the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;The setting of shield inner surface Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
It repeats step D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion e) is added using electromagnetic heating coil Heat is heated to 750~780 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, keeps the temperature 6 minutes, lead to immediately after heat preservation Supercooled water spray head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
The one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, And the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 < 0.06
F, crankshaft is integrally then heated in high temperature drying chamber 230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~1.5 hour, then slow cooling is to room temperature, Slow cooling is that with drying chamber Temperature fall, be straightened work terminates crankshaft after closing drying chamber.
After room temperature 10 days, detection jerk value detection is carried out to crankshaft again, as a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 < 0.06
As can be seen that the crankshaft that the method is straightened through the invention, no rebound, jerk value is extremely stable after alignment.
Embodiment two
The trunnion diameter of the crankshaft is 220mm, and the permissible value of jerk value is < 0.06mm.
A, the crankshaft two end that needs are straightened is placed makes crankshaft be able to carry out rotation on bracket, and keeps the front end axis of crankshaft Level is in rear axle;
B, one side turning crankshaft measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, and special mark Remember the maximum position of deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion b) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
C, in the maximum position of deflection, (being located at trunnion b) is arranged electromagnetic heating coil and shield is arranged, shield tool There is the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;Shield inner surface is arranged cooling water and sprays Head, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion b) is heated using electromagnetic heating coil, according to The size selection of trunnion radial beat eccentricity is heated to 750~780 DEG C, keeps the temperature 6 minutes, passes through cooling after heat preservation immediately Sprinkler head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
E, the one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record number According to, and the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.13 0.03 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion a) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
Step C is repeated, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion a) and shield is set Cover, shield have the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;The setting of shield inner surface Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
It repeats step D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion a) is added using electromagnetic heating coil Heat is heated to 750~780 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, keeps the temperature 6 minutes, lead to immediately after heat preservation Supercooled water spray head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
The one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, And the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.02 0.03 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion c) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
Step C is repeated, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion c) and shield is set Cover, shield have the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;The setting of shield inner surface Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
It repeats step D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion c) is added using electromagnetic heating coil Heat is heated to 750~780 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, keeps the temperature 6 minutes, lead to immediately after heat preservation Supercooled water spray head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
The one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, And the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
F, crankshaft is integrally then heated in high temperature drying chamber 230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~1.5 hour, then slow cooling is to room temperature, Slow cooling is that with drying chamber Temperature fall, be straightened work terminates crankshaft after closing drying chamber.
After room temperature 10 days, detection jerk value detection is carried out to crankshaft again, as a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
As can be seen that the crankshaft that the method is straightened through the invention, no rebound, jerk value is extremely stable after alignment.
Embodiment three
The trunnion diameter of the crankshaft is 220mm, and the permissible value of jerk value is < 0.06mm.
A, the crankshaft two end that needs are straightened is placed makes crankshaft be able to carry out rotation on bracket, and keeps the front end axis of crankshaft Level is in rear axle;
B, one side turning crankshaft measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, and special mark Remember the maximum position of deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.14 0.18 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion b) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
C, in the maximum position of deflection, (being located at trunnion b) is arranged electromagnetic heating coil and shield is arranged, shield tool There is the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;Shield inner surface is arranged cooling water and sprays Head, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion b) is heated using electromagnetic heating coil, according to The size selection of trunnion radial beat eccentricity is heated to 780~830 DEG C, keeps the temperature 7 minutes, passes through cooling after heat preservation immediately Sprinkler head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
E, the one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record number According to, and the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.14 0.02 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion a) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
Step C is repeated, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion a) and shield is set Cover, shield have the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;The setting of shield inner surface Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
It repeats step D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion a) is added using electromagnetic heating coil Heat is heated to 750~780 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, keeps the temperature 6 minutes, lead to immediately after heat preservation Supercooled water spray head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
The one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, And the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.02 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
Then the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion c) is adjusted into protrusion direction state upward;
Step C is repeated, electromagnetic heating coil is arranged in the maximum position of deflection (being located at trunnion c) and shield is set Cover, shield have the characteristic of fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;The setting of shield inner surface Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer are connected to cooling water supplying pipe;
It repeats step D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount (being located at trunnion c) is added using electromagnetic heating coil Heat is heated to 750~780 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, keeps the temperature 6 minutes, lead to immediately after heat preservation Supercooled water spray head is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down;
The one side step B turning crankshaft is repeated, measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Record data, And the maximum position of special marking deflection;As a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
F, crankshaft is integrally then heated in high temperature drying chamber 230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~1.5 hour, then slow cooling is to room temperature, Slow cooling is that with drying chamber Temperature fall, be straightened work terminates crankshaft after closing drying chamber.
After room temperature 10 days, detection jerk value detection is carried out to crankshaft again, as a result as follows:
Trunnion number a b c d e f g Permissible value
Jerk value mm 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.06
As can be seen that the crankshaft that the method is straightened through the invention, no rebound, jerk value is extremely stable after alignment.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of crankshaft journal aligning method, comprising the following steps:
A, the crankshaft two end that needs are straightened, which is placed on bracket, makes crankshaft be able to carry out rotation, and keep crankshaft front end axis and Rear axle is in level;
B, one side turning crankshaft measures the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion with dial gauge on one side;Data are recorded, and special marking becomes The maximum position of shape amount;The maximum position of deflection is then adjusted to the state to protrusion direction upward;
C, electromagnetic heating coil being arranged in the maximum position of deflection and shield being set, shield has fire prevention, heat preservation and magnetic screen Characteristic;Shield is advisable with just covering deformed region;Water-cooling-sprayer, water-cooling-sprayer and cooling confession is arranged in shield inner surface Water pipe connection;
D, the maximum position of crankshaft deformation amount is heated using electromagnetic heating coil, during heating, is led into shield Enter nitrogen, is heated to 750~850 DEG C according to the selection of the size of trunnion radial beat eccentricity, 6~8 minutes is kept the temperature, after heat preservation It is quickly sprayed water and is cooled down by water-cooling-sprayer immediately;
E, step B, C, D are repeated, until the radial beat eccentricity of each trunnion reaches permissible value or less;
F, crankshaft is then integrally heated to 200~250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~1.5 hour, then slow cooling is straightened work knot to room temperature Beam.
2. crankshaft journal aligning method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step D, when jerk value is 0.2 When between~0.25mm, 830~850 DEG C are heated to, keeps the temperature 8 minutes;When jerk value is between 0.15~0.20mm, it is heated to 780~830 DEG C, keep the temperature 7 minutes;When jerk value is less than 0.15mm, 750~780 DEG C are heated to, keeps the temperature 6 minutes.
3. crankshaft journal aligning method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in the step F, by crankshaft in height 230 DEG C are integrally heated in warm drying chamber, slow cooling is crankshaft after closing drying chamber with drying chamber Temperature fall.
CN201710162588.4A 2017-03-18 2017-03-18 A kind of crankshaft journal aligning method Expired - Fee Related CN108620451B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109848255B (en) * 2019-02-20 2020-10-13 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 Method for correcting complex crankshaft with large length-diameter ratio
CN113477750B (en) * 2021-05-31 2023-04-14 广州文冲船舶修造有限公司 Method for repairing bending deformation of marine stern shaft

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102198457A (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft
CN102699154A (en) * 2012-06-22 2012-10-03 陈立新 Crankshaft straightening method
CN104480281A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-04-01 天津市热处理研究所有限公司 Adjustable prestress heat treatment fixture

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050081378A1 (en) * 2003-10-15 2005-04-21 Bustamante Anthony T. Arrangement for crankshaft straightening

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102198457A (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft
CN102699154A (en) * 2012-06-22 2012-10-03 陈立新 Crankshaft straightening method
CN104480281A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-04-01 天津市热处理研究所有限公司 Adjustable prestress heat treatment fixture

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