CN111809138A - Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method - Google Patents
Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111809138A CN111809138A CN202010596176.3A CN202010596176A CN111809138A CN 111809138 A CN111809138 A CN 111809138A CN 202010596176 A CN202010596176 A CN 202010596176A CN 111809138 A CN111809138 A CN 111809138A
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- crankshaft
- thickness
- nitriding
- pressing plate
- tool
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- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010066054 Dysmorphism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a tool for increasing rigidity during gas nitriding of a crankshaft and a using method thereof, wherein the tool comprises at least two groups of fixing mechanisms arranged on the crankshaft; the fixing mechanism comprises two pressing plates which are arranged in parallel; the pressure plate is arranged on the balance weight surface of the crankshaft through bolts. According to the tool, the balance weight surfaces on two sides of the same connecting rod journal are connected through the pressing plate and the bolts, a certain supporting effect is achieved on the opening of the crankshaft connecting rod journal, the rigidity of the crankshaft is increased, and the crankshaft is prevented from deforming in the nitriding process. Meanwhile, when the tool is used, the thickness of the pressing plate is determined according to the swinging quantity of the crankshaft, and the deformation resistance is improved. The method quantifies the process indexes, can effectively prevent the problem of large axial runout of the slender crankshaft after nitriding, and solves the problem of nitriding deformation of the slender crankshaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crankshaft heat treatment, and mainly relates to a tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and a using method.
Background
The gas nitriding heat treatment is a chemical heat treatment method in which nitrogen atoms are allowed to penetrate into the surface of a workpiece in a certain medium at a certain temperature. The product subjected to the gas nitriding treatment has the characteristics of excellent wear resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. Gas nitriding is a final heat treatment process of a nitrided crankshaft, and the crankshaft has basically no machining allowance (only polishing allowance) before and after gas nitriding, and has a relatively high requirement on deformation.
The bent axle is the dysmorphism piece, and overall structure intensity is not high, and gaseous nitrogenize time is longer, produces the deformation easily after the gaseous nitrogenize, directly leads to the part to scrap, causes huge loss. There is therefore a need for a method of preventing gas nitriding deformation of an elongated crankshaft, which avoids such phenomena.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tool for increasing rigidity in gas nitriding of a crankshaft and a using method, which can protect the crankshaft and prevent the crankshaft from deforming in the nitriding process of the crankshaft.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a frock that is used for increasing rigidity when bent axle gas nitriding which characterized in that: comprises at least two groups of fixing mechanisms arranged on a crankshaft;
the fixing mechanism comprises two pressing plates which are arranged in parallel; the pressure plate is arranged on the balance weight surface of the crankshaft through bolts; the two said platens have a uniform thickness and a thickness of { N × L × S × (1-m) }/Q;
wherein N is the number of the pressing plates; l is the length of the pressing plate; s is the opening size of the crankshaft; m is a swing coefficient; q is the crankshaft length.
The use method of the tool according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out three-point support by using V-shaped iron and leveling a crankshaft to be subjected to gas nitriding to obtain a leveled crankshaft;
s2, taking pressure plates with standard thickness on the premise of not rotating the leveled crankshaft in the step S1, and pre-tightening bolts on each group of pressure plates to obtain a pre-tightened crankshaft;
s3, rotating the pre-tightened crankshaft in the step S2 to enable the balance weight surface of the pre-tightened crankshaft to be horizontal, and tightening bolts on each group of pressure plates to obtain a tightened crankshaft;
s4, checking the axial runout X of the screwed crankshaft through the two-point support of the V-shaped iron in the step S1, and obtaining the final thickness of the pressing plate according to the axial runout X;
s5, installing the pressing plate with the final thickness obtained in the step S4 according to the installation method consistent with the steps S2-S3 to obtain a crankshaft to be nitrided;
s6, protecting the non-nitriding area;
s7, the crankshaft to be nitrided in the step S5 is flatly placed in a trolley type nitriding furnace or hung in a well type furnace in a multi-contact mode, and the nitriding process is completed.
Has the advantages that: according to the tool, the balance weight surfaces on two sides of the same connecting rod journal are connected through the pressing plate and the bolts, a certain supporting effect is achieved on the opening of the crankshaft connecting rod journal, the rigidity of the crankshaft is increased, and the crankshaft is prevented from deforming in the nitriding process. Meanwhile, when the tool is used, the thickness of the pressing plate is determined according to the swinging quantity of the crankshaft, and the deformation resistance is improved. The method quantifies the process indexes, can effectively prevent the problem of large axial runout of the slender crankshaft after nitriding, and solves the problem of nitriding deformation of the slender crankshaft.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the tool.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tooling with a beam.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the two-point support of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a platen, 1A is a beam; 2-bolt, 3-crankshaft balance weight surface.
It is to be understood that: four positions A, B, C and D in FIG. 4 are used for connecting two pressing plates respectively, two positions A and B are connected with one pressing plate, and two positions C and D are connected with the other pressing plate, so that a fixing mechanism is formed.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 ~ 3, a frock that is used for increasing rigidity that uses when bent axle gas nitriding, its characterized in that: comprises at least two groups of fixing mechanisms arranged on a crankshaft;
the fixing mechanism comprises two pressing plates 1 which are arranged in parallel; each pressure plate 1 spans two balance weight surfaces 3, and the crankshaft and the pressure plate 1 are connected and pressed tightly by bolts 2. Wherein the two pressing plates 1 have the same thickness, and the thickness is { N × L × S × (1-m) }/Q;
wherein N is the number of the pressing plates 1; l is the length of the pressing plate 1; s is the opening size of the crankshaft; m is a swing coefficient; q is the crankshaft length.
Wherein, the two ends of the pressure plate 1 are provided with unthreaded holes 2A for passing through bolts 2; and a threaded hole matched with the bolt 2 is formed in the crankshaft balance weight surface.
In use, in order to ensure the integrity of the two pressure plates 1, a cross beam 1A consistent with the thickness of the pressure plates 1 can be arranged between the two pressure plates 1.
Preferably, the material of the pressure plate 1 is 45 steel.
Referring to fig. 4, a method for using the tool is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out three-point support by using V-shaped iron and leveling a crankshaft to be subjected to gas nitriding to obtain a leveled crankshaft;
s2, taking the pressing plates 1 with standard thickness on the premise of not rotating the leveled crankshaft in the step S1, and pre-screwing the bolts 2 on each group of pressing plates 1 to obtain a pre-screwed crankshaft; wherein, each group of bolts 2 is pre-tightened by a torque wrench in a cross way;
the standard thickness of the pressing plate 1 is an empirical value, the value is 5mm, and the standard thickness of the pressing plate can be set according to the production condition.
S3, rotating the pre-tightened crankshaft in the step S2 to enable the balance weight surface of the pre-tightened crankshaft to be horizontal, and tightening the bolts 2 on each group of pressure plates 1 to obtain a tightened crankshaft; wherein, the tightening process is as follows: sequentially screwing the bolts 2 on each group of the pressing plates 1 by using a torque wrench, and screwing each group of the tooling bolts 2 in a cross manner;
wherein, torque wrench moment of torsion is adjusted according to the bent axle size. The bolt 2 is judged to be screwed down by the click sound generated in the screwing process. The torque wrench is used for screwing, so that the same torque can be adopted when each bolt 2 is screwed, and the fastening effect is ensured;
s4, checking the axial runout X of the screwed crankshaft through the two-point support of the V-shaped iron in the step S1, and obtaining the final thickness of the pressing plate 1 according to the axial runout X;
if the axial runout is less than 0.02mm, performing S5;
if the axial runout is larger than 0.02mm, the thickness of the pressure plate 1 with the standard thickness is not proper, the final thickness of the pressure plate 1 is obtained through a thickness formula, and then the step S5 is carried out;
since the width of the platen 1 can be used while securing the strength thereof in actual production, the main factors determining the function of the platen 1 are the length of the platen and the thickness of the platen. Therefore, the thickness formula ═ { N × L × S × (1-m) }/Q, thereby obtaining the thickness of the platen 1;
wherein N is the number of the pressing plates 1; l is the length of the pressing plate 1; s is the opening size of the crankshaft; m is a swing coefficient; q is the crankshaft length; l ═ S +2d + E; wherein d is the diameter of the bolt 2 for fixing the pressure plate 1; m ═ X-Y)/(X + Y); wherein, X is crankshaft run-out data after the pressing plate 1 with standard thickness is installed; y is preset maximum crankshaft run-out data; wherein, E is the minimum distance of the bolt 2 close to the length direction edge of the pressure plate 1, and is generally 10 mm.
S5, installing the pressing plate 1 with the final thickness obtained in the step S4 according to the installation method consistent with the steps S2-S3 to obtain a crankshaft to be nitrided;
s6, protecting the non-nitriding area;
s7, the crankshaft to be nitrided in the step S6 is flatly placed in a trolley type nitriding furnace or hung in a well type furnace in a multi-contact mode, and the nitriding process is completed.
If the cross beam 1A is connected to the pressure plate 1, screws A, B, C and D are simultaneously installed, and the cross screwing mode is also followed.
The specific embodiment is as follows: through the production verification of a certain type V16 crankshaft: according to the thickness formula: (ii) { N × L × S × (1-m) }/Q; wherein N is 4; the length L of the platen 1 is S +2d + 10; s is 50 mm; the swing coefficient m is (X-Y)/(X + Y); q is 800 mm; wherein d is 20 mm; wherein X is crankshaft run-out data after the pressing plate 1 with standard thickness is installed, namely the steps S2-S4, and the measurement result is 0.05 mm; y is the preset maximum crankshaft run-out data and is set to be 0.02 mm.
It is to be understood that: n, S, Q in the thickness formula can be measured.
The thickness of the resulting press plate 1 should be 10.1 mm; then, the final nitridation process is completed by performing steps S5 to S7.
As a result of multiple product nitriding, the method can effectively solve the problem of crankshaft nitriding deformation and ensure the crankshaft nitriding quality.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a frock that is used for increasing rigidity when bent axle gas nitriding which characterized in that: comprises at least two groups of fixing mechanisms arranged on a crankshaft;
wherein the fixing mechanism comprises two press plates (1) which are arranged in parallel; the pressure plate (1) is arranged on a crankshaft balance weight surface through a bolt (2);
wherein the two pressure plates (1) have the same thickness and the thickness is { N multiplied by L multiplied by S multiplied by (1-m) }/Q;
wherein N is the number of the pressing plates (1); l is the length of the pressing plate (1); s is the opening size of the crankshaft; m is a swing coefficient; q is the crankshaft length.
2. The tool for increasing the rigidity in the gas nitriding of the crankshaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two ends of the pressure plate (1) are provided with unthreaded holes for passing through the bolts (2); and a threaded hole matched with the bolt (2) is formed in the crankshaft balance weight surface.
3. A tooling for increasing the stiffness for use in gas nitriding of crankshafts according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: and a cross beam (1A) with the same thickness as the pressing plate (1) is also arranged between the two pressing plates (1).
4. The use method of the tool according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out three-point support by using V-shaped iron and leveling a crankshaft to be subjected to gas nitriding to obtain a leveled crankshaft;
s2, taking the pressing plates (1) with standard thickness on the premise of not rotating the leveled crankshaft in the step S1, and pre-screwing the bolts (2) on each group of pressing plates (1) to obtain a pre-screwed crankshaft;
s3, rotating the pre-tightened crankshaft in the step S2 to enable the balance weight surface of the pre-tightened crankshaft to be horizontal, and tightening bolts (2) on each group of pressure plates (1) to obtain a tightened crankshaft;
s4, checking the axial runout X of the screwed crankshaft through the two-point support of the V-shaped iron in the step S1, and obtaining the final thickness of the pressing plate (1) according to the axial runout X;
s5, installing the pressing plate (1) with the final thickness obtained in the step S4 according to the installation method consistent with the steps S2-S3 to obtain a crankshaft to be nitrided;
s6, protecting the non-nitriding area;
s7, the crankshaft to be nitrided in the step S6 is flatly placed in a trolley type nitriding furnace or hung in a well type furnace in a multi-contact mode, and the nitriding process is completed.
5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the method for obtaining the thickness of the pressing plate (1) in the step S4 is as follows:
obtaining the thickness of the platen (1) by a thickness formula of { N × L × S × (1-m) }/Q;
wherein N is the number of the pressing plates (1); l is the length of the pressing plate (1); s is the opening size of the crankshaft; m is a swing coefficient; q is the crankshaft length; l ═ S +2d + E; d is the diameter of the bolt (2) for fixing the pressure plate (1); e is the minimum distance between the bolt (2) and the edge of the pressing plate (1) in the length direction; m ═ X-Y)/(X + Y); wherein X is crankshaft run-out data after the standard pressure plate (1) is installed; and Y is preset maximum crankshaft run-out data.
6. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the thickness of the standard thick pressing plate is 5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010596176.3A CN111809138A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010596176.3A CN111809138A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111809138A true CN111809138A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010596176.3A Pending CN111809138A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Tool for increasing rigidity during crankshaft gas nitriding and using method |
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| CN (1) | CN111809138A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008240085A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Jatco Ltd | Heat treatment tool of belt ring of continuously variable transmission |
| US20100146753A1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2010-06-17 | Alfons Reeb | Method for Increasing the Strength of a Part |
| CN102198457A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft |
| CN102758168A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Device for nitriding crank shaft and inside furnace |
| CN104438479A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 | Method for correcting and adjusting deformation of locomotive crankshaft |
| CN104651774A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 欧达宜昌机电设备制造有限公司 | Nitrogenation furnace |
| CN110158019A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-23 | 国营第六一六厂 | A kind of device of control crankshaft nitriding deformation |
-
2020
- 2020-06-28 CN CN202010596176.3A patent/CN111809138A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008240085A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Jatco Ltd | Heat treatment tool of belt ring of continuously variable transmission |
| US20100146753A1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2010-06-17 | Alfons Reeb | Method for Increasing the Strength of a Part |
| CN102198457A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method and tool for straightening bending deformation of crankshaft |
| CN102758168A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Device for nitriding crank shaft and inside furnace |
| CN104651774A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 欧达宜昌机电设备制造有限公司 | Nitrogenation furnace |
| CN104438479A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 | Method for correcting and adjusting deformation of locomotive crankshaft |
| CN110158019A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-23 | 国营第六一六厂 | A kind of device of control crankshaft nitriding deformation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张兆隆 主编: "《机械制造技术（第2版）》", 30 September 2019 * |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |
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