CN108466009B - Process for hot charging roller leather - Google Patents
Process for hot charging roller leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN108466009B CN108466009B CN201810567445.6A CN201810567445A CN108466009B CN 108466009 B CN108466009 B CN 108466009B CN 201810567445 A CN201810567445 A CN 201810567445A CN 108466009 B CN108466009 B CN 108466009B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
- B23P11/02—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits
- B23P11/025—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits by using heat or cold
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for hot charging of roller skins, which comprises the following steps: step one, hot mounting a hub; a. preparing four square boxes I with the same height, and arranging the square boxes I on an assembly platform in two groups; b. cleaning the matching surface of the roll shaft and the wheel hub without oil stain, flash and burr; c. rechecking the sizes of the hub and the roll shaft; d. connecting two ends of the roll shaft through two lifting ring bolts, matching keys and making paired marks; e. manufacturing a first measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the first measuring rod is 0.75mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the hub; f. feeding the two hubs into a furnace for heating, and actually measuring the heating temperature to 220 ℃ by using a temperature measuring instrument; the roller shell cooling device is scientific and reasonable in design, the roller shell can be uniformly heated by adopting a gradual heating mode when being heated, and the two ends of the square box are blocked by the wood plates when being cooled, so that the bottom of the roller shell is prevented from being cooled too fast, the assembly precision of the hub and the roller shell during assembly can be ensured, and the service life of the roller shell is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy steel hot charging, and particularly relates to a process for hot charging a roller skin with large excess.
Background
The interference fit depends on the interference value of the shaft and the hole, and after assembly, elastic pressure is generated between the surfaces of the parts, so that tight connection is obtained. The interference fit assembly method mainly comprises press fit, hot fit and cold fit. The press fit is the press fit at normal temperature, is suitable for several kinds of static fits with small interference magnitude, is convenient and simple to operate, acts quickly, and is the most common method. According to different force application modes, the press-fit assembly is divided into a hammering method and a press-in method, wherein the hammering method is mainly used for connecting pieces which are low in matching surface requirement, short in length and transition fit; the press-in method has the advantages of uniform stress application, good direction control and high production efficiency, and is mainly used for interference fit. The small-size connecting piece matched with smaller interference can be pressed in by a screw type or lever type pressing tool, and the large interference is pressed in by a press machine. The hot fitting is realized by heating the containing part (hole) to expand the diameter to a certain value, then freely feeding the matched contained part (shaft) into the hole, and tightly throwing the shaft after the hole is cooled to generate great connection strength to meet the requirement of press fitting. The cold assembly is that when the sleeve is too large and the pressed parts are too small, the heating sleeve is inconvenient to use and even cannot be heated; or when some kits are not heated, the parts which are pressed in by low pressure can be cooled to reduce the size, and then the parts are quickly arranged in the kits, so that the cold fitting is realized.
The roller skin is an essential important component in the briquette equipment of the ball press, the roller skin of the ball press determines the shape of the ball press formed by pressing, and the roller skin of the ball press is a cylindrical component comprising a layer of surface layer outside the roller core of the ball press and provided with a ball socket in a digging way. In the prior art, a hot-assembling method is used for assembling the roller skin, however, the existing roller skin is easy to cause the damage of a hole and a shaft during the assembly, or the roller skin assembly quality problem is caused due to the difficulty in temperature control, and the efficiency and the quality of the assembly are not favorably improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a process for hot charging of roller skins, which is scientific and reasonable in design and convenient to use; the size of the parts is checked for many times in the assembling process, and the hot charging temperature is effectively controlled during assembling, so that the improvement of the hot charging quality of the roller skin is facilitated.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a process for hot charging roller skins comprises the following steps:
step one, hot mounting a hub;
a. preparing four square boxes I with the same height, and arranging the square boxes I on an assembly platform in two groups;
b. cleaning the matching surface of the roll shaft and the wheel hub without oil stain, flash and burr;
c. rechecking the sizes of the hub and the roll shaft;
d. connecting two ends of the roll shaft through two lifting ring bolts, matching keys and making paired marks;
e. manufacturing a first measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the first measuring rod is 0.75mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the hub;
f. feeding the two hubs into a furnace for heating, and actually measuring the heating temperature to 220 ℃ by using a temperature measuring instrument;
g. utilize the gauge rod to test wheel hub expansion volume after, place wheel hub on square chest one, wheel hub's central line is perpendicular and square chest one upper surface, and the roller penetrates in wheel hub's the centre bore, penetrates the in-process and makes roller and wheel hub terminal surface mutually perpendicular to with the key cooperation of roller, treat when wheel hub temperature is less than 50 ℃, keep flat the roller that will be equipped with wheel hub
Step two, finely turning the outer circle of the hub; after the wheel hub and the roll shaft are hot-loaded and cooled, the wheel hub and the roll shaft are put on a lathe, the roll shaft diameters at the two ends of the roll shaft are utilized for alignment, the outer circle of the wheel hub is finely turned, polishing and grinding are carried out, and the size of the inner hole of the roll skin is rechecked before the outer circle of the wheel hub is finely turned so as to meet the size requirement of the outer circle of the wheel;
step three, hot-charging the roller leather;
a. rechecking the sizes of the outer circle of the hub and the inner hole of the roller shell, cleaning the hub and the roller shell, and then manufacturing a second measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the second measuring rod is 1.8mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the roller shell;
b. preparing four pieces of a second piece with the same height in the same direction, dividing the two pieces into two groups, placing the two groups of the two pieces of the four pieces of the two pieces;
c. preparing four sizing blocks with the height of 200mm, dividing the four sizing blocks into two groups, placing the two groups in a gas heating furnace, wrapping the excircle of a roller skin by asbestos cloth, and then placing the wrapped roller skin on the sizing blocks of the gas heating furnace;
d. heating the roller sheet, actually measuring the heating temperature by using a temperature measuring instrument, actually measuring the inner hole expansion amount of the roller sheet by using a measuring rod II after heating is finished, and discharging the roller sheet when the inner hole expansion amount of the roller sheet is more than or equal to 1.8 mm;
e. two crown blocks are matched, one crown block is used for hoisting a roll shaft with a hub, the other crown block is used for placing a heated roll cover on a square box, and the roll shaft with the hub penetrates into an inner hole of the roll cover until the outer diameter of the hub is attached to the inner hole of the roll cover;
f. and (3) slowly cooling the roller leather and the roller shaft after the roller leather and the roller shaft are put in place, tightly wrapping the roller leather by using heat-preservation cotton, blocking the two ends of the square box II by using wood boards, and horizontally placing after cooling.
Step four, assembling a bearing; rechecking the size of an inner hole of the bearing seat, checking the size of the inner hole and the outer diameter of the bearing, rechecking the sizes of two parts of the bearing arranged on the shaft diameter of the roller shaft, hot-charging the bearing after the bearing is qualified, ensuring the size of the center distance between the two bearing seats when the heating temperature is not more than 100 ℃, and completing the hot charging of the roller skin by flexibly and stably rotating by hand.
In the first step, the height of the square box I is 500mm, and the size of an inner hole and the size of a key groove are mainly rechecked when the size of the hub is rechecked; when the size of the roll shaft is rechecked, the sizes of the roll shaft neck, the fillet and the chamfer are rechecked.
In the first step, bosses are arranged on the periphery of the hub, when the hub is heated, one end close to the bosses is placed upwards, the temperature is raised at the speed of 50-60 ℃/h, the boss is heated after being heated to 100 ℃ and kept warm for half an hour, and then the boss is heated again, and when the temperature reaches 220 ℃, the boss is kept warm for 4 hours, so that the purpose of setting is as follows: because the wall thickness of the movable part of the hub is thick, the heating is uniform (thorough heating) and needs a certain time, so the slow gradient heating is needed, the expansion amount of the movable part can be met by heat preservation after the heating is carried out to 220 ℃ according to the calculation of the wall thickness, and the movable part can be blued and burnt if the temperature is higher, thereby being beneficial to reducing the damage of the movable part.
In the third step, the height of the square box II is 800 mm.
In the third step, when the roller skin is heated, the temperature is raised at the speed of 20 ℃/h, the roller skin is heated after being kept at the temperature of 20 ℃ per liter for half an hour, and when the temperature of the roller skin movable piece reaches 160 ℃, the roller skin movable piece is kept at the temperature for four hours, so that the purpose of setting is as follows: the roll skin is thin in wall thickness and belongs to alloy steel, the temperature rise is controlled at 20 ℃/h, the purpose is to enable the roll skin to be heated slowly and uniformly, the expansion amount of a moving part can be met by calculating the temperature of the moving part according to the wall thickness and keeping the temperature after the temperature reaches 160 ℃, the moving part can be cracked and damaged due to too fast temperature rise, the moving part can be blued and burnt due to too high temperature, and the damage to the moving part can be reduced.
In the third step, the roller leather is wrapped by the asbestos cloth so as to reduce the deformation of a ball socket on the outer surface of the roller leather in the heating process and enable the roller leather to be heated uniformly.
In the third step, the roller skin and the roller shaft are slowly cooled after being hot-assembled in place, the roller skin is tightly wrapped by the heat-preservation cotton, and the two ends of the square box are blocked by the wood plate, so that the purpose of preventing cold air from directly blowing the roller skin from the bottom is achieved, the bottom temperature is too fast cooled, and the uniform cooling of the roller skin is facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the roller shell cooling device is scientific and reasonable in design, the roller shell can be uniformly heated by adopting a gradual heating mode when being heated, and the two ends of the square box are blocked by the wood plates when being cooled, so that the bottom of the roller shell is prevented from being cooled too fast, the assembly precision of the hub and the roller shell during assembly can be ensured, and the service life of the roller shell is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hot-fill apparatus of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1. a first square box; 2. a hub; 3. a roll shaft; 4. and (4) roller skins.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the figure, the process for hot-charging the roller skin comprises the following steps:
step one, hot mounting a hub;
a. preparing four square boxes I with the same height, and arranging the square boxes I on an assembly platform in two groups;
b. cleaning the matching surface of the roll shaft and the wheel hub without oil stain, flash and burr;
c. rechecking the sizes of the hub and the roll shaft;
d. connecting two ends of the roll shaft through two lifting ring bolts, matching keys and making paired marks;
e. manufacturing a first measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the first measuring rod is 0.75mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the hub;
f. feeding the two hubs into a furnace for heating, and actually measuring the heating temperature to 220 ℃ by using a temperature measuring instrument;
g. utilize the gauge rod to test wheel hub expansion volume after, place wheel hub on square chest one, wheel hub's central line is perpendicular and square chest one upper surface, and the roller penetrates in wheel hub's the centre bore, penetrates the in-process and makes roller and wheel hub terminal surface mutually perpendicular to with the key cooperation of roller, treat when wheel hub temperature is less than 50 ℃, keep flat the roller that will be equipped with wheel hub
Step two, finely turning the outer circle of the hub; after the wheel hub and the roll shaft are hot-loaded and cooled, the wheel hub and the roll shaft are put on a lathe, the roll shaft diameters at the two ends of the roll shaft are utilized for alignment, the outer circle of the wheel hub is finely turned, polishing and grinding are carried out, and the size of the inner hole of the roll skin is rechecked before the outer circle of the wheel hub is finely turned so as to meet the size requirement of the outer circle of the wheel;
step three, hot-charging the roller leather;
a. rechecking the sizes of the outer circle of the hub and the inner hole of the roller shell, cleaning the hub and the roller shell, and then manufacturing a second measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the second measuring rod is 1.8mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the roller shell;
b. preparing four pieces of a second piece with the same height in the same direction, dividing the two pieces into two groups, placing the two groups of the two pieces of the four pieces of the two pieces;
c. preparing four sizing blocks with the height of 200mm, dividing the four sizing blocks into two groups, placing the two groups in a gas heating furnace, wrapping the excircle of a roller skin by asbestos cloth, and then placing the wrapped roller skin on the sizing blocks of the gas heating furnace;
d. heating the roller sheet, actually measuring the heating temperature by using a temperature measuring instrument, actually measuring the inner hole expansion amount of the roller sheet by using a measuring rod II after heating is finished, and discharging the roller sheet when the inner hole expansion amount of the roller sheet is more than or equal to 1.8 mm;
e. two crown blocks are matched, one crown block is used for hoisting a roll shaft with a hub, the other crown block is used for placing a heated roll cover on a square box, and the roll shaft with the hub penetrates into an inner hole of the roll cover until the outer diameter of the hub is attached to the inner hole of the roll cover;
f. and (3) slowly cooling the roller leather and the roller shaft after the roller leather and the roller shaft are put in place, tightly wrapping the roller leather by using heat-preservation cotton, blocking the two ends of the square box II by using wood boards, and horizontally placing after cooling.
Step four, assembling a bearing; rechecking the size of an inner hole of the bearing seat, checking the size of the inner hole and the outer diameter of the bearing, rechecking the sizes of two parts of the bearing arranged on the shaft diameter of the roller shaft, hot-charging the bearing after the bearing is qualified, ensuring the size of the center distance between the two bearing seats when the heating temperature is not more than 100 ℃, and completing the hot charging of the roller skin by flexibly and stably rotating by hand.
In the first step, the height of the square box I is 500mm, and the size of an inner hole and the size of a key groove are mainly rechecked when the size of the hub is rechecked; when the size of the roll shaft is rechecked, the sizes of the roll shaft neck, the fillet and the chamfer are rechecked.
In the first step, bosses are arranged on the periphery of the hub, when the hub is heated, one end close to the bosses is placed upwards, the temperature is raised at the speed of 50-60 ℃/h, the boss is heated after being heated to 100 ℃ and kept warm for half an hour, and then the boss is heated again, and when the temperature reaches 220 ℃, the boss is kept warm for 4 hours, so that the purpose of setting is as follows: because the wall thickness of the movable part of the hub is thick, the heating is uniform (thorough heating) and needs a certain time, so the slow gradient heating is needed, the expansion amount of the movable part can be met by heat preservation after the heating is carried out to 220 ℃ according to the calculation of the wall thickness, and the movable part can be blued and burnt if the temperature is higher, thereby being beneficial to reducing the damage of the movable part.
In the third step, the height of the square box II is 800 mm.
In the third step, when the roller skin is heated, the temperature is raised at the speed of 20 ℃/h, the roller skin is heated after being kept at the temperature of 20 ℃ per liter for half an hour, and when the temperature of the roller skin movable piece reaches 160 ℃, the roller skin movable piece is kept at the temperature for four hours, so that the purpose of setting is as follows: the roll skin is thin in wall thickness and belongs to alloy steel, the temperature rise is controlled at 20 ℃/h, the purpose is to enable the roll skin to be heated slowly and uniformly, the expansion amount of a moving part can be met by calculating the temperature of the moving part according to the wall thickness and keeping the temperature after the temperature reaches 160 ℃, the moving part can be cracked and damaged due to too fast temperature rise, the moving part can be blued and burnt due to too high temperature, and the damage to the moving part can be reduced.
Claims (3)
1. A process for hot charging of roller skins is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, hot mounting a hub;
a. preparing four square boxes I with the same height, and arranging the square boxes I on an assembly platform in two groups;
b. cleaning the matching surface of the roll shaft and the wheel hub without oil stain, flash and burr;
c. rechecking the sizes of the hub and the roll shaft;
d. connecting two ends of the roll shaft through two lifting ring bolts, matching keys and making paired marks;
e. manufacturing a first measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the first measuring rod is 0.75mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the hub;
f. putting two hubs into a furnace for heating, actually measuring the heating temperature to 220 ℃ by using a temperature measuring instrument, arranging bosses on the peripheries of the hubs, placing one end close to the bosses upwards when the hubs are heated, heating at the speed of 50-60 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for half an hour when the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, then heating, and keeping the temperature for 4 hours when the temperature reaches 220 ℃;
g. after the expansion amount of the wheel hub is detected by using a measuring rod, the wheel hub is placed on a first square box, the central line of the wheel hub is vertical to the upper surface of the first square box, a roll shaft penetrates into a central hole of the wheel hub, the roll shaft is vertical to the end surface of the wheel hub in the penetrating process and matched with a key of the roll shaft, and the roll shaft provided with the wheel hub is horizontally placed when the temperature of the wheel hub is lower than 50 ℃;
step two, finely turning the outer circle of the hub; after the wheel hub and the roll shaft are hot-loaded and cooled, the wheel hub and the roll shaft are put on a lathe, the roll shaft diameters at the two ends of the roll shaft are utilized for alignment, the outer circle of the wheel hub is finely turned, polishing and grinding are carried out, and the size of the inner hole of the roll skin is rechecked before the outer circle of the wheel hub is finely turned so as to meet the size requirement of the outer circle of the wheel;
step three, hot-charging the roller leather;
a. rechecking the sizes of the outer circle of the hub and the inner hole of the roller shell, cleaning the hub and the roller shell, and then manufacturing a second measuring rod, wherein the outer diameter size of the second measuring rod is 1.8mm larger than the size of the inner hole of the roller shell;
b. preparing four square boxes II with the same height, dividing the four square boxes into two groups, placing the two groups of square boxes at the positions close to the gas heating furnace, leveling the surfaces of the square boxes II by using a horizontal ruler, and detecting that the difference between the actual temperature in the gas heating furnace and the temperature displayed on a display screen of the gas heating furnace is within 10 ℃ by using a temperature measuring instrument;
c. preparing four sizing blocks with the height of 200mm, dividing the four sizing blocks into two groups, placing the two groups in a gas heating furnace, wrapping the excircle of a roller skin by asbestos cloth, and then placing the wrapped roller skin on the sizing blocks of the gas heating furnace;
d. heating the roll skin, actually measuring the heating temperature by using a temperature measuring instrument, heating at the speed of 20 ℃/h during heating, preserving heat for half an hour when the temperature of each liter is 20 ℃, then heating, preserving heat for four hours after the temperature of a roll skin movable part reaches 160 ℃, actually measuring the inner hole expansion amount of the roll skin by using a measuring rod II after heating is finished, and discharging the roll skin when the inner hole expansion amount of the roll skin is more than or equal to 1.8 mm;
e. two crown blocks are matched, one crown block is used for hoisting a roll shaft with a hub, the other crown block is used for placing a heated roll cover on a square box, and the roll shaft with the hub penetrates into an inner hole of the roll cover until the outer diameter of the hub is attached to the inner hole of the roll cover;
f. the roll leather and the roll shaft are subjected to hot charging in place and then slowly cooled, the roll leather is tightly wrapped by heat-preservation cotton, two ends of the square box II are blocked by wood boards, and the square box II is horizontally placed after being cooled;
step four, assembling a bearing; rechecking the size of an inner hole of the bearing seat, checking the size of the inner hole and the outer diameter of the bearing, rechecking the sizes of two parts of the bearing arranged on the shaft diameter of the roller shaft, hot-charging the bearing after the bearing is qualified, ensuring the size of the center distance between the two bearing seats when the heating temperature is not more than 100 ℃, and completing the hot charging of the roller skin by flexibly and stably rotating by hand.
2. The process for shrink-fitting a roll skin according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the height of the square box I is 500mm, and when the size of the hub is rechecked, the size of an inner hole and the size of a key groove are mainly rechecked; when the size of the roll shaft is rechecked, the sizes of the roll shaft neck, the fillet and the chamfer are rechecked.
3. The process for shrink-fitting a roll skin according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the height of the square box II is 800 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810567445.6A CN108466009B (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Process for hot charging roller leather |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810567445.6A CN108466009B (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Process for hot charging roller leather |
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| CN108466009A CN108466009A (en) | 2018-08-31 |
| CN108466009B true CN108466009B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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| CN113385885B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Device for intelligently monitoring interference assembly of rotary table in real time and assembly method |
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| CN108466009A (en) | 2018-08-31 |
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