CN104476198B - Method for manufacturing engine crankshaft - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing engine crankshaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104476198B CN104476198B CN201410721697.1A CN201410721697A CN104476198B CN 104476198 B CN104476198 B CN 104476198B CN 201410721697 A CN201410721697 A CN 201410721697A CN 104476198 B CN104476198 B CN 104476198B
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- Prior art keywords
- bent axle
- crankshaft
- engine crankshaft
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- processing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/07—Crankshafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an engine crankshaft and relates to the field of automobile parts manufacturing. The method includes the following steps: (1), blank casting; (2), hole drilling; (3), turning; (4), milling; (5), thermal treatment; (6), grinding; (7), chamferring; (8), checking and boxing. In the method, an airflow impact moulding process is adopted to manufacture a sand mould of the engine crankshaft, so that the manufactured sand mould has the advantages of being free of rebounding and deforming and the like, and high-accuracy crankshaft castings can be acquired; in the process of thermal treatment of the crankshaft, the crankshaft is normalized to remove internal stress inside a workpiece; a computer is adopted to monitor medium-frequency induction quenching, on the crankshaft, performed by a closed-loop medium-frequency induction heating device, so that quenching temperature and time can be controlled precisely, and good quenching effect of the crankshaft can be guaranteed; a curved surface chamferring machine is adopted to chamfer the crankshaft, so that working efficiency is improved, and the crankshaft is enabled to be practical and attractive.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the invention belongs to auto parts manufacture field, it is more particularly related to manufacture of engine crankshaft
Method.
Background technology
Engine crankshaft is the main rotary gadget of engine, and after loading onto connecting rod, the up and down motion that can accept connecting rod becomes and follows
Ring moves.It is important parts on electromotor, its material is made up of carbon structural steels or spheroidal graphite cast-iron, has two
Significant points：Trunnion, connecting rod neck.Trunnion is installed on cylinder body, and connecting rod neck is connected with crank pin end pore, connecting rod small end hole
It is connected with steam-cylinder piston, be a typical slider-crank mechanism.The lubrication of bent axle is primarily referred to as and big end bearing shell and song
The lubrication of axle connecting rod neck and the lubrication of two fixing point.The rotation of bent axle is the power source of electromotor.Current engine crankshaft
There is following technical problem in manufacturing process：
1st, existing engine crankshaft manufacturing process is simple, and the product quality produced is general, it is common to use the life-span is not long；
2nd, most of engine crankshaft blanks adopt sand casting to manufacture blank at present, but do not carry out desulfurization before most casting
Process, lead to the bent axle fragility producing larger, easy fracture lost efficacy；
3rd, the both ends of the surface machining accuracy of existing most of engine crankshaft is poor, affects origin reference location, and other chis
Very little precision；
4th, the finished heat treatment of existing a lot of several engine crankshafts is all using common Quenching Treatment, the bent axle power obtaining
Learn performance and do not reach requirement, lead to its service life low.
Content of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one kind economical and practical, and a kind of engine crankshaft of usage cycles length
Production method.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is：A kind of manufacture method of engine crankshaft, this
Motivation bent axle is manufactured by spheroidal graphite cast-iron QT800-6, comprises the steps：
(1) cast blank：Manufacture the sand mo(u)ld of engine crankshaft using air-impulse moulding technique, then by spheroidal graphite cast-iron
QT800-6 is fused into liquid, after desulfurization, molten iron is poured into sand mold and is cast, after the completion of casting, be cooled to room
Temperature, bent axle is taken out；
(2) hole：The crank shaft blank having cast is fixed on drilling machine and carries out drilling processing, get out trunnion centre bore and
Rod journal centre bore；
(3) turnery processing：The bent axle processed through drilling is carried out size detection, qualified after bent axle is fixed on lathe
Carry out turnery processing, car goes out the both ends of the surface of the rod journal of bent axle, cylindrical and bent axle, and retains the processing of 0.5mm to 0.8mm
Surplus；
(4) Milling Process：Bent axle after turnery processing is carried out size detection, qualified after that bent axle is fixed on milling machine is enterprising
Row Milling Process, by the keyway of milling machine machining crankshafts, and retains the allowance of 0.5mm to 0.8mm；
(5) heat treatment：Bent axle after Milling Process is carried out size detection, qualified after bent axle put in stove, carry out normalizing
Process, normalizing temperature is set to 870 DEG C to 900 DEG C, be incubated 1h to 3h, bent axle is taken out and outside stove, places in the air cooling, treat bent axle
After temperature is down to room temperature, mid-frequency induction hardening is carried out to it, hardening heat is set to 820 DEG C to 860 DEG C；
(6) grinding：The bent axle carrying out after heat treatment is fixed on numerically control grinder and carries out grinding, ensure bent axle
Each position accessory size is worked within the margin of tolerance, and process after bent axle surface roughness Ra 0.8 μm～0.4 μm it
Between；
(7) chamfering：The bent axle of grinding is carried out size detection, qualified after chamfering is carried out to bent axle corner angle, reuse
Polisher removes flash removed；
(8) inspection vanning：The engine crankshaft processing finally is carried out quality testing, qualified after brush in crankshaft surface
One layer of rust preventive engine oil, is positioned in warehouse after vanning.
Preferably, use cupola melting spheroidal graphite cast-iron in described step (1), and add in liquid spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Inovulant.
Preferably, the sand mold in described step (1) uses disappearance modular form.
Preferably, in described step (4), the keyway of bent axle is processed by CNC milling machine, and this keyway is flat key keyway.
Preferably, in described step (5), intermediate frequency is carried out to bent axle using computer monitoring closed loop intermediate frequency induction heating device
Impewdance matching.
Preferably, use curved surface beveler in described step (7) and chamfering is carried out to bent axle.
The invention difference from existing technology is that the present invention achieves following technique effect：This technique employs air-flow
Impact Molding technique manufactures the sand mo(u)ld of engine crankshaft, and the sand mold producing has the advantages that no rebound deformation, it is possible to obtain high
The automatic modeling crankshaft casting of precision；Employ cupola melting spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and carry out desulfurization process, add inovulant, improve spheroidal graphite
Every mechanical property of cast iron, increased its castability, ensures and processes high-quality bent axle；In the heat treatment that bent axle is carried out,
First normalizing is carried out to it, got rid of the internal stress of inside workpiece, increased the hardness of bent axle, be that next step heat treatment is carried out
Prepare, mid-frequency induction hardening is carried out to bent axle using computer monitoring closed loop intermediate frequency induction heating device, accurate can control and quench
Fiery temperature and time, ensures the quenching effect of bent axle, makes bent axle mechanical property reach requirement；Employ curved surface beveler to bent axle
Carry out chamfering, improve work efficiency, ensured the effect of chamfering, make bent axle not only practical but also attractive in appearance.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments, the above-mentioned He other technical characteristic of the present invention and advantage are described in more detail.
Embodiment 1：
This technique is carried out in eight steps, and first carries out (1) cast blank：Engine crankshaft is manufactured using air-impulse moulding technique
Sand mo(u)ld, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron QT800-6 is fused into liquid, after desulfurization, molten iron is poured into sand mold and is cast, casting
After the completion of making, it is cooled to room temperature, bent axle is taken out；Carry out (2) boring again：The crank shaft blank having cast is fixed on drilling machine
Carry out drilling processing, get out trunnion centre bore and rod journal centre bore；Then carry out (3) turnery processing：Will be through drilling
The bent axle of processing carries out size detection, qualified after bent axle be fixed on lathe carry out turnery processing, car goes out the pitman shaft of bent axle
Neck, the both ends of the surface of cylindrical and bent axle, and retain the allowance of 0.8mm；Carry out (4) Milling Process again：After turnery processing
Bent axle carry out size detection, qualified after bent axle be fixed on milling machine carry out Milling Process, by the key of milling machine machining crankshafts
Groove, and retain the allowance of 0.8mm；Carry out (5) heat treatment again：Bent axle after Milling Process is carried out size detection, qualified
Afterwards bent axle is put into and in stove, carry out normalized treatment, normalizing temperature is set to 900 DEG C, be incubated 1h, bent axle is taken out and outside stove, places air
Middle cooling, is down to after room temperature after crankcase temperature, carries out mid-frequency induction hardening to it, and hardening heat is set to 860 DEG C；Carry out (6) again
Grinding：The bent axle carrying out after heat treatment is fixed on numerically control grinder and carries out grinding, ensure bent axle each position part
Dimensioned is within the margin of tolerance, and the surface roughness Ra of the bent axle after processing is between 0.8 μm～0.4 μm；Carry out again
(7) chamfering：The bent axle of grinding is carried out size detection, qualified after chamfering is carried out to bent axle corner angle, reuse polisher and go
Flash removed；Finally carry out (8) inspection vanning：The engine crankshaft processing finally is carried out quality testing, qualified after in bent axle
One layer of rust preventive engine oil is brushed on surface, is positioned in warehouse after vanning.
Embodiment 2：
Repeat embodiment 1 by described same steps, difference is：Step (3) turnery processing：Turnery processing
Retain the allowance of 0.6mm；Step (4) Milling Process：Milling Process retains the allowance of 0.6mm；At step (5) heat
Reason：Normalizing temperature is set to 880 DEG C, and is incubated 2h, and mid-frequency induction hardening temperature is set to 840 DEG C.
Embodiment 3：
Repeat embodiment 1 by described same steps, difference is：Step (3) turnery processing：Turnery processing
Retain the allowance of 0.5mm；Step (4) Milling Process：Milling Process retains the allowance of 0.5mm；At step (5) heat
Reason：Normalizing temperature is set to 870 DEG C, and is incubated 3h, and mid-frequency induction hardening temperature is set to 820 DEG C.
After process above is processed, take out engine crankshaft sample respectively, measurement result is as follows：
| Detection project | Fatigue strength | Yield strength | Hardness | Limit number of revolutions |
| Embodiment 1 | 580MPa | 970MPa | 66HRC | 8×1015 |
| Embodiment 2 | 580MPa | 950MPa | 64HRC | 6×1015 |
| Embodiment 3 | 550MPa | 940MPa | 61HRC | 7×1015 |
| Prior art | 520MPa | 900MPa | 58HRC | 5×1015 |
By above-mentioned 3 embodiments, from three groups of data in upper table, 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 in conjunction with the embodiments,
Contrast existing technical specification, be all significantly increased, be conducive to the production and application of engine crankshaft, especially when using embodiment 1
During parameter, the at this moment fatigue strength of engine crankshaft and yield strength highest, hardness highest, limit number of revolutions is most, now
It is more beneficial for the production and application of engine crankshaft.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, the not model to the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of without departing from design spirit of the present invention, the technical side to the present invention for the those of ordinary skill in the art
Various modifications and improvement that case is made, all should fall in the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of manufacture method of engine crankshaft, this engine crankshaft manufactured by spheroidal graphite cast-iron QT800-6 it is characterised in that
Comprise the steps：
(1) cast blank：Manufacture the sand mo(u)ld of engine crankshaft using air-impulse moulding technique, then by spheroidal graphite cast-iron QT800-6
It is fused into liquid, after desulfurization, molten iron is poured into sand mold and is cast, after the completion of casting, be cooled to room temperature, by song
Axle takes out；
(2) hole：The crank shaft blank having cast is fixed on drilling machine and carries out drilling processing, get out trunnion centre bore and connecting rod
Journal centre hole；
(3) turnery processing：The bent axle processed through drilling is carried out size detection, qualified after bent axle be fixed on lathe carry out
Turnery processing, car goes out the both ends of the surface of the rod journal of bent axle, cylindrical and bent axle, and retains more than the processing of 0.5mm to 0.8mm
Amount；
(4) Milling Process：Bent axle after turnery processing is carried out size detection, qualified after bent axle be fixed on milling machine carry out milling
Cut processing, by the keyway of milling machine machining crankshafts, and retain the allowance of 0.5mm to 0.8mm；
(5) heat treatment：Bent axle after Milling Process is carried out size detection, qualified after bent axle put in stove carry out at normalizing
Reason, normalizing temperature is set to 870 DEG C to 900 DEG C, is incubated 1h to 3h, bent axle is taken out and places in the air cooling outside stove, treat bent axle temperature
After degree is down to room temperature, mid-frequency induction hardening is carried out to it, hardening heat is set to 820 DEG C to 860 DEG C；
(6) grinding：The bent axle carrying out after heat treatment is fixed on numerically control grinder and carries out grinding, ensure each portion of bent axle
Position accessory size is worked within the margin of tolerance, and the surface roughness Ra of the bent axle after processing is between 0.8 μm～0.4 μm；
(7) chamfering：The bent axle of grinding is carried out size detection, qualified after chamfering is carried out to bent axle corner angle, reuse polishing
Machine removes flash removed；
(8) inspection vanning：The engine crankshaft processing finally is carried out quality testing, qualified after brush one layer in crankshaft surface
Rust preventive engine oil, is positioned in warehouse after vanning.
2. engine crankshaft as claimed in claim 1 manufacture method it is characterised in that：Use in described step (1)
Cupola melting spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and add inovulant in liquid spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
3. engine crankshaft as claimed in claim 1 manufacture method it is characterised in that：Sand mold casting in described step (1)
Mould uses disappearance modular form.
4. engine crankshaft as claimed in claim 1 manufacture method it is characterised in that：The key of bent axle in described step (4)
Groove is processed by CNC milling machine, and this keyway is flat key keyway.
5. engine crankshaft as claimed in claim 1 manufacture method it is characterised in that：Using calculating in described step (5)
Machine monitoring closed loop intermediate frequency induction heating device carries out mid-frequency induction hardening to bent axle.
6. engine crankshaft as claimed in claim 1 manufacture method it is characterised in that：Use in described step (7)
Curved surface beveler carries out chamfering to bent axle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410721697.1A CN104476198B (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2014-12-03 | Method for manufacturing engine crankshaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410721697.1A CN104476198B (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2014-12-03 | Method for manufacturing engine crankshaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104476198A CN104476198A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
| CN104476198B true CN104476198B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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ID=52750872
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410721697.1A Active CN104476198B (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2014-12-03 | Method for manufacturing engine crankshaft |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106640929A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏恒悦机械有限公司 | Rare earth microelement iron-carbon alloy crankshaft and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108621040A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2018-10-09 | 四川省宜宾普什汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of high-precision high rigidity low cost crankshaft processing technology |
| CN108380949B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-02-09 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Crankshaft milling process |
| US11739788B2 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2023-08-29 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Crankshaft and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN109048242B (en) * | 2018-11-10 | 2020-06-02 | 温岭市鑫都机械有限公司 | Machining process of engine crankshaft |
| CN111360590B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-03-19 | 桂林福达曲轴有限公司 | Method for removing grinding burrs on crankshaft journal edge and shoulder surface |
| CN112743041A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-04 | 银峰铸造（芜湖）有限公司 | Crankshaft casting processing method |
| CN112706016B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 广东罗庚机器人有限公司 | Grinding treatment method and server suitable for engine crankshaft |
| CN112756920A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-07 | 缪心怡 | Manufacturing process of automobile engine crankshaft assembly |
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| CN102777480A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-11-14 | 道依茨一汽（大连）柴油机有限公司 | Fillet rolling nodular cast iron crankshaft and machining technology thereof |
| CN102899579A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2013-01-30 | 南车玉柴四川发动机股份有限公司 | Large power engine crankshaft and manufacturing method |
| EP2570230A2 (en) * | 2011-09-18 | 2013-03-20 | MAG IAS GmbH | Device and method for finishing workpieces |
| CN103447778A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-12-18 | 浙江伟林机械零部件有限公司 | Machining process of engine crankshafts in heavy trucks |
| DE102012015445A1 (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-06 | Daimler Ag | Rolling bearing-supported shaft comprises shaft body made of first material, comprising bearing points respectively having running surface for rolling bodies, which is applied as layer of thermally sprayed second material on shaft body |
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2014
- 2014-12-03 CN CN201410721697.1A patent/CN104476198B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2570230A2 (en) * | 2011-09-18 | 2013-03-20 | MAG IAS GmbH | Device and method for finishing workpieces |
| CN102777480A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-11-14 | 道依茨一汽（大连）柴油机有限公司 | Fillet rolling nodular cast iron crankshaft and machining technology thereof |
| DE102012015445A1 (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-06 | Daimler Ag | Rolling bearing-supported shaft comprises shaft body made of first material, comprising bearing points respectively having running surface for rolling bodies, which is applied as layer of thermally sprayed second material on shaft body |
| CN102899579A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2013-01-30 | 南车玉柴四川发动机股份有限公司 | Large power engine crankshaft and manufacturing method |
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| CN104476198A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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