Combined tool for machining metal honeycomb workpiece
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal honeycomb piece processing for aerospace, in particular to a combined tool for processing a metal honeycomb piece.
Background
The metal honeycomb workpiece has the advantages of light weight, high strength and good rigidity, and has good sound insulation and heat insulation effects, so that the metal honeycomb workpiece is widely applied to main parts in the field of aerospace.
Because the metal honeycomb workpiece is of a thin-wall porous structure, the wall thickness is generally less than 0.1mm, and the side length of the cells is generally less than 10mm, the metal honeycomb workpiece has higher strength along the axial direction of the cells, and has small radial equivalent strength, and is easy to deform and fall under the action of certain radial force, so that how to clamp and position the metal honeycomb workpiece during processing is particularly important.
The processing method of the metal honeycomb workpiece in the related art mainly comprises an electric spark processing method and a liquid nitrogen cooling ice holding processing method. The electric spark machining needs to fix a workpiece on a positioning fixture of an electric spark honeycomb electrolytic grinding machine, and utilizes a round bar electrode to rotate to finish machining through an electrolytic grinding process, but the defects that the metal honeycomb workpiece is extremely inconvenient to clamp and use, the machining mode is low in machining efficiency, the electrode is wasted, the machining efficiency is low, the form and position tolerance of parts is large, and the requirements of the parts cannot be met are overcome.
The method for processing the ice by cooling the liquid nitrogen comprises the steps of filling low-temperature pure water or cutting fluid into metal honeycomb workpiece cells placed in a metal honeycomb workpiece ice holding clamp, placing the metal honeycomb workpiece holding clamp in an adjustable refrigeration test cabinet, setting the refrigeration temperature and the refrigeration time, clamping the metal honeycomb workpiece ice holding clamp on a machine tool workbench, processing the metal honeycomb workpiece by using a liquid nitrogen internal spraying cutter, and keeping the liquid nitrogen external spraying in a frozen state, wherein the whole process device is very complex. The inventor believes that by adopting the processing method, the metal honeycomb workpiece can be fixed on the clamp only by freezing, in the whole processing engineering, the ultralow temperature cutting can be ensured only by continuously supplying liquid nitrogen, otherwise, the metal honeycomb workpiece can be melted, the production cost is undoubtedly increased, and meanwhile, the risk of frostbite caused by ultralow temperature exists in the operation process of an operator.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to simplify the frock structure, facilitate the use to improve clamping reliability and efficiency, this application provides a metal honeycomb work piece processing is with combination frock.
The application provides a combination frock is used in processing of metal honeycomb work piece adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a metal honeycomb work piece processing is with combination frock, is including the cutting frock that is used for the pre-forming frock of work piece pre-forming processing and/or is used for work piece cutting processing, pre-forming frock and cutting frock all including the lower mould that is used for supporting the work piece and be used for compressing tightly the last mould of fixing on the lower mould with the work piece, be provided with the setting element that is used for the work piece location on the lower mould, go up and be provided with between mould and the lower mould and be used for making last mould and lower mould compress tightly or the locking Assembly who loosens.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the workpiece to be machined needs to be specially shaped, the workpiece is clamped and fixed by utilizing the upper die and the lower die of the pre-forming tool, the pre-forming tool is installed on the pre-forming machining equipment for pre-forming machining, the workpiece is taken down from the pre-forming tool after the pre-forming machining is completed, the workpiece is clamped and fixed by utilizing the upper die and the lower die of the cutting tool, the cutting tool is installed on the machining equipment for cutting, and therefore the machining of the whole workpiece is completed.
When the workpiece to be processed does not need special modeling, only a cutting tool is needed, and a pre-forming tool is not needed; similarly, when the workpiece to be processed only needs to be subjected to pre-forming processing, only a pre-forming tool is needed, and a cutting tool does not need to be equipped. Therefore, the combined tool is simple in overall structure and convenient to use, and the clamping reliability and efficiency can be improved by arranging the positioning piece and the locking assembly.
Optionally, one surface of the lower die of the pre-forming tool, which is used for supporting the workpiece, is a first shaping surface for shaping the workpiece, one surface of the upper die of the pre-forming tool, which faces the lower die, is a second shaping surface conformal with the first shaping surface, and the areas of the first shaping surface and the second shaping surface are both larger than the area of the workpiece.
By adopting the technical scheme, the workpiece is clamped and positioned after the second shaping surface and the first shaping surface are compressed and folded, so that the workpiece is clamped and positioned before the pre-shaping processing; and the areas of the first fixing surface and the second fixing surface are larger than the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be completely fixed, and the clamping reliability is improved.
Optionally, the positioning element of the pre-forming tool is perpendicular to the lower die, one end of the positioning element is fixed to the lower die, and the other end of the positioning element extends out of the lower die to form an extension positioning section for being inserted into the workpiece cell to position the workpiece.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, realize fixing a position the work piece, reduce the work piece and place the possibility that takes place the landing on the lower mould, promote and compress tightly the location effect.
Optionally, the locking assembly of the preforming tool comprises screw rods arranged at two ends of the first fixing surface in the length direction and locking nuts matched with the corresponding screw rods, one end of each screw rod is fixedly arranged on the lower die in a penetrating mode, and the other end of each screw rod is connected with the corresponding locking nut in a threaded mode after penetrating through the upper die.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, lock nut is screwed up to the accessible, makes to go up the mould and compresses tightly the work piece and fix on the lower mould, realizes compressing tightly fixedly to the work piece, when the work piece was taken off to needs simultaneously, unscrew lock nut can, facilitate the use, the clamping is reliable, and the clamping process is simple, can improve clamping efficiency.
Optionally, the screw rod overcoat is equipped with the stopper, the stopper is located between lower mould and the last mould, and the height that highly equals the work piece of stopper.
By adopting the technical scheme, the clamping consistency can be improved, and the clamping error is reduced.
Optionally, the pre-forming tool further comprises a guide assembly, the guide assembly comprises a guide pillar and a guide sleeve, the guide pillar is vertically arranged on the lower die, one end of the guide pillar is fixedly connected to the lower die, the other end of the guide pillar penetrates through a guide hole formed in the upper die, and the guide sleeve is fixed in the guide hole of the upper die and is in sliding connection with the guide pillar.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper die can be guided and restrained when being pressed down, the clamping reliability is improved, and the clamping error is reduced.
Optionally, a lifting ring is arranged on one surface, back to the lower die, of the upper die of the pre-forming tool.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, conveniently hoist convenient to use to the preforming frock.
Optionally, one surface of the lower die of the cutting tool, which is used for supporting the workpiece, is a first assembly surface conformal with the workpiece, one surface of the upper die of the cutting tool, which faces the lower die, is a second assembly surface conformal with the first assembly surface, the area of the first assembly surface is larger than that of the workpiece, the area of the second assembly surface is smaller than that of the workpiece, and the second assembly surface is located at the center of the first assembly surface.
By adopting the technical scheme, the second assembly surface and the first assembly surface are compacted and folded to clamp and position the workpiece, so that the workpiece is clamped and positioned before cutting; and the area of the second assembling surface is smaller than that of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be conveniently cut.
Optionally, a yielding groove is formed in the first assembling face and close to the edge of the second assembling face, and a hanging ring is arranged on the first assembling face and close to the edge.
By adopting the technical scheme, the abdicating groove is arranged, so that the protection effect is achieved, the damage to the lower die caused by cutting the surface of the first assembly surface during cutting machining is avoided, the liquid low-melting-point alloy can flow into the abdicating groove when the low-melting-point alloy is cast on the surface of the workpiece, and the liquid low-melting-point alloy and the workpiece are integrated after being solidified, so that the possibility of falling off from the lower die when the workpiece is machined to the cutting position is reduced, and the machining effect is improved; through setting up rings, conveniently hoist convenient to use to the cutting frock.
Optionally, a positioning element of the cutting tool is perpendicular to the lower die, one end of the positioning element is fixed to the lower die, the other end of the positioning element extends out of the lower die to form an extension positioning section, and the extension positioning section penetrates through a hole lattice of the workpiece and then is located in a positioning hole formed in the upper die; the locking assembly of the cutting tool comprises a screw rod arranged in the middle of the first assembling surface and a locking nut matched with the screw rod, one end of the screw rod is fixedly arranged on the lower die in a penetrating mode, and the other end of the screw rod is connected with the locking nut in a threaded mode after penetrating through the hole lattices of the workpiece and the upper die in sequence.
By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning piece is arranged, so that the workpiece can be positioned, the possibility that the workpiece slides down when being placed on the lower die is reduced, the pressing and positioning effect is improved, and the upper die can be guided and positioned; through setting up screw rod and lock nut, lock nut is screwed up to the accessible, makes to go up the mould and compresses tightly the work piece and fix on the lower mould, realizes compressing tightly fixedly to the work piece, when the work piece was taken off to needs simultaneously, unscrew lock nut can, facilitate the use, the clamping is reliable, and the clamping process is simple, can improve clamping efficiency.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the combined use can be realized by simultaneously selecting a preprocessing tool and a cutting tool or only selecting one of the preprocessing tool and the cutting tool according to the use requirements of processing; the whole structure is simple, the use is convenient, and the clamping reliability and efficiency can be improved by arranging the positioning piece and the locking assembly;
2. by adopting the combined tool, the workpiece can be detected on the tool in real time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preforming tool and a workpiece in embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting tool and a workpiece in embodiment 1 of the present application before machining;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting tool and the workpiece after being processed in embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 5.
Description of reference numerals: 1. performing a tool; 11. a first lower die; 111. a first shaped face; 12. a first upper die; 121. a second shaped face; 13. a first positioning member; 14. a first locking assembly; 141. a first screw; 142. a first lock nut; 15. a guide assembly; 151. a guide post; 152. a guide sleeve; 2. cutting a tool; 21. a second lower die; 211. a first assembly face; 22. a second upper die; 221. a second assembly face; 23. a second positioning member; 24. a second locking assembly; 241. a second screw; 242. a second lock nut; 25. a yielding groove; 3. a workpiece; 4. a limiting block; 5. a lifting ring.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application discloses combined tooling for machining a metal honeycomb workpiece. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the combined tool comprises a pre-forming tool 1 for pre-forming a workpiece 3 and a cutting tool 2 for cutting the workpiece 3, the pre-forming tool 1 and the cutting tool 2 both comprise a lower die for supporting the workpiece 3 and an upper die for pressing and fixing the workpiece 3 on the lower die, a positioning piece for positioning the workpiece 3 is arranged on the lower die, and a locking assembly for pressing or releasing the upper die and the lower die is arranged between the upper die and the lower die. The combined tool is suitable for a workpiece 3 to be machined, which needs to be specially shaped and needs to be cut, the workpiece 3 is clamped and fixed by the pre-forming tool 1, the pre-forming tool 1 is installed on pre-forming machining equipment for pre-forming machining, after the pre-forming machining is completed on the workpiece 3, the workpiece 3 is taken down from the pre-forming tool 1, the workpiece 3 is clamped and fixed by the cutting tool 2, the cutting tool 2 is installed on machining equipment for cutting, and therefore the machining of the whole workpiece 3 is completed. In the embodiment, each component of the pre-forming tool 1 is made of a heat-resistant alloy material, so that the thermal deformation is small, and the high strength and hardness can be kept in a high-temperature environment.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a surface of the first lower die 11 for supporting the workpiece 3 is a first shaping surface 111 for shaping the workpiece 3, a surface of the first upper die 12 facing the first lower die 11 is a second shaping surface 121 conforming to the first shaping surface 111, and the first and second shaping surfaces 111 and 121 each have an area larger than that of the workpiece 3. In this embodiment, the first fixing surface 111 and the second fixing surface 121 are both arc-shaped surfaces, and the cross sections of the first fixing surface 111 and the second fixing surface 121 are both rectangular, so that the workpiece 3 can be preprocessed to form an arc-shaped member, and certainly, the first fixing surface 111 and the second fixing surface 121 also adopt other shapes according to actual use requirements; the areas of the first fixing surface 111 and the second fixing surface 121 are equal, and the areas of the first fixing surface 111 and the second fixing surface 121 are larger than that of the workpiece 3, so that the workpiece 3 can be completely fixed, and the clamping reliability is improved. A lifting ring 5 is arranged on one surface of the first upper die 12, which faces away from the first lower die 11, and in this embodiment, the lifting ring 5 is a lifting ring screw, and the lifting ring screw is in threaded connection with the first upper die 12.
Referring to fig. 3, the first positioning element 13 is perpendicular to the first lower die 11, one end of the first positioning element 13 is fixed to the first lower die 11, and the other end of the first positioning element 13 extends out of the first lower die 11 to form an extending positioning section for inserting into the hole of the workpiece 3 to position the workpiece 3. In this embodiment, the first positioning element 13 is a positioning pin, one end of the positioning pin is in interference fit or clearance fit with the first lower die 11, and of course, the positioning pin can be connected by threads, and the other end of the positioning pin extends out of the first lower die 11 to form an extension positioning section, and the extension positioning section is inserted into a hole lattice of the workpiece 3, so that the workpiece 3 is positioned, the possibility that the workpiece 3 slides down when being placed on the first lower die 11 is reduced, and the compression positioning effect is improved; the locating pin is two, and the symmetry sets up in lower mould 11 middle part to improve the location effect.
Referring to fig. 3, the first locking assembly 14 includes first screws 141 disposed at two ends of the first fixing surface 111 in the length direction, and first locking nuts 142 engaged with the corresponding first screws 141, where one end of each first screw 141 is in interference fit or clearance fit with the first lower mold 11, but the first screws 141 and the first lower mold 11 may also be in threaded connection, and the other end of each first screw 141 passes through the first upper mold 12 and then is in threaded connection with the first locking nut 142. In this embodiment, the number of the first screws 141 is four, and the first screws 141 are respectively located at four top corners of the first fixing surface 11, and the number of the first locking nuts 142 corresponds to the number of the first screws 141. In order to improve the consistency of clamping and reduce the clamping error, the first screw rod 141 is sleeved with a limiting block 4, the limiting block 4 is positioned between the first lower die 11 and the first upper die 12, the height of the limiting block 4 is equal to that of the workpiece 3, the limiting block 4 can adopt a sleeve structure, the structure is simple, the processing and the manufacturing are convenient, and the cost is low.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the preforming tool 1 further includes a guide assembly 15, the guide assembly 15 includes a guide pillar 151 and a guide sleeve 152, the guide pillar 151 is vertically disposed on the first lower die 11, one end of the guide pillar 151 is fixed on the first lower die 11 through interference fit or clearance fit, of course, the guide pillar 151 and the first lower die 11 can also be in threaded connection, the other end of the guide pillar 151 is inserted into a guide hole formed in the first upper die 12, and the guide sleeve 152 is welded and fixed in the guide hole of the upper die of the preforming tool and is slidably connected with the guide pillar 151. In this embodiment, two sets of guiding assemblies 15 are provided, the two sets of guiding assemblies 15 are symmetrically disposed at two ends of the first lower die 11 in the length direction, the guiding assemblies 15 are located at the center of the first lower die 11 in the width direction, and the center lines of the first screw rod 141 and the guide pillar 151 located at the same end of the first lower die 11 in the length direction are located on the same straight line, so as to improve the clamping reliability and reduce the clamping error.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, one surface of the second lower die 21 for supporting the workpiece 3 is a first mounting surface 211 conforming to the workpiece 3, one surface of the second upper die 22 facing the second lower die 21 is a second mounting surface 221 conforming to the first mounting surface 211, the area of the first mounting surface 211 is larger than that of the workpiece 3, the area of the second mounting surface 221 is smaller than that of the workpiece 3, and the second mounting surface 221 is located at the center of the first mounting surface 211. In this embodiment, the second assembling surface 221 and the first assembling surface 211 are both arc-shaped surfaces, the cross sections of the second assembling surface 221 and the first assembling surface 211 are rectangular, and the shapes of the second assembling surface 221 and the first assembling surface 211 conform to the shape of a pre-machined workpiece, so as to clamp and position the workpiece 3 before cutting; the second mounting surface 221 has a smaller area than the workpiece 3, and facilitates cutting of the workpiece 3.
Referring to fig. 4, the edge of the first assembling surface 211 close to the second assembling surface 221 is provided with a receding groove 25, and the edge of the first assembling surface 211 close to the edge is provided with a hanging ring 5. In the embodiment, the abdicating groove 25 is an annular groove, which not only has a protection effect and prevents the surface of the first assembling surface 211 from being cut during cutting and processing to damage the lower die 21, but also can enable the liquid low-melting-point alloy to flow into the abdicating groove 25 when the low-melting-point alloy is cast on the surface of the workpiece 3, and the liquid low-melting-point alloy and the workpiece 3 are integrated after being solidified, so that the possibility of falling off from the lower die 21 when the workpiece 3 is processed at the cutting position is reduced, and the processing effect is improved; the lifting ring 5 is a lifting ring screw which is in threaded connection with the upper die 22.
Referring to fig. 4, the second positioning element 23 is perpendicular to the second lower die 21, one end of the second positioning element 23 is in interference fit or clearance fit with the second lower die 21, and of course, a threaded connection may also be adopted, the other end of the second positioning element 23 extends out of the second lower die 21 to form an extension positioning section, the extension positioning section passes through the hole of the workpiece 3 and then is located in the positioning hole formed in the second upper die 22, in this embodiment, the second positioning element 23 is a positioning pin, the two positioning pins are two, and the two positioning pins are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the second assembling surface 221 in the length direction.
Referring to fig. 4, the second locking assembly 24 includes a second screw 241 disposed in the middle of the first assembling surface 211 and a second locking nut 242 engaged with the second screw 241, one end of the second screw 241 is in interference fit or clearance fit with the second lower die 21, and of course, a threaded connection may also be adopted, and the other end of the second screw 241 sequentially passes through the hole lattice of the workpiece 3 and the second upper die 22 and then is in threaded connection with the second locking nut 242, in this embodiment, the second locking assemblies 24 are two sets, the two ends of the second assembling surface 221 in the length direction are symmetrically disposed, and the two sets of second locking assemblies 24 are located between the two positioning pins.
The implementation principle of the embodiment 1 of the application is as follows: clamping and fixing a workpiece 3 to be machined on a pre-forming tool 1, then loading the pre-forming tool 1 into a vacuum furnace for heating, heating to a preset temperature, keeping the temperature for a period of time, cooling and shaping along with the furnace to finish pre-machining, after the workpiece 3 finishes the pre-forming machining, taking the workpiece 3 off the pre-forming tool 1, clamping and fixing the workpiece 3 on a cutting tool 2, casting a low-melting-point alloy, mounting the cutting tool 2 on machining equipment for cutting machining after the casting is finished, and taking the workpiece 3 off after the cutting machining is finished, thus finishing the whole machining.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the combined tool includes a pre-forming tool 1, and is suitable for a workpiece 3 to be processed, which only needs to perform pre-forming processing, and does not need to be provided with a cutting tool 2
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the combined tool comprises a cutting tool 2, and is suitable for a workpiece 3 to be processed without special modeling and without a pre-forming tool 1.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.