CN115090715A - High-toughness complex curved surface structure aluminum alloy casting thermal state mechanical correction device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a thermal state mechanical correction device and method for an aluminum alloy casting with a high-strength and tough complex curved surface structure. The thermal state mechanical correction device includes a positioning frame. In order to optimize and adjust, it can further improve the mechanical strength and plastic toughness of alloy materials. It is used for short-cycle low-cost precision casting and heat treatment forming of high-strength and tough aluminum alloy castings with complex curved surface structure of military equipment, and the economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

A thermomechanical correction device for aluminum alloy castings with high strength and toughness complex curved structure method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of casting and non-ferrous casting alloy materials, and in particular relates to a thermal state mechanical correction device and method for an aluminum alloy casting with a high strength and toughness complex curved surface structure.

Background technique

Aluminum alloy has low density, high specific strength/stiffness, good corrosion resistance, good plasticity, excellent processing performance, and has good welding performance, excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and has been widely used in the field of military equipment. According to the processing technology, aluminum alloys can be mainly divided into two types: deformed aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys. Among them, cast aluminum alloys have good process flow properties and medium load bearing capacity. It has been widely used in the manufacture of products such as box, engine oil pipeline, automobile engine cylinder block, automobile engine cylinder head and so on.

The mechanical properties of cast aluminum alloy as cast are low, and T5/T6 strengthening and toughening heat treatment is often required in actual use to improve the mechanical strength and plastic toughness of the metal material. During the T5/T6 solution quenching heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings with complex curved structure, large quenching thermal stress is easily generated due to uneven quenching and the wall thickness of the casting is thin, and the structural rigidity of the metal material in the solid solution state is insufficient. It is easy to produce warpage or flexural deformation in the stage, and in severe cases, quenching and hot cracking will be directly scrapped; therefore, correction treatment is often required after solution quenching of castings.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The study found that due to the complex structure and shape of aluminum alloy castings with complex curved surface structures and the complex and changeable structural design forms of each aluminum alloy casting, the traditional correction devices are often designed and manufactured according to the structure of a single variety of aluminum alloy castings. It has poor performance. When organizing the production of multi-variety and small-batch complex surface structure aluminum alloy castings, it is often necessary to invest in multiple sets of correction devices. The equipment investment is large, resulting in a serious waste of funds. In addition, the traditional mechanical correction is only to perform mechanical correction on the complex surface structure aluminum alloy casting after solution quenching, and does not give too much consideration to the structural springback deformation of the casting and the elimination of quenching residual stress, which leads to solution quenching. The size of the aluminum alloy casting with complex curved structure after mechanical correction does not meet the requirements of the design technical indicators. During the aging heat treatment process, the aluminum alloy casting with complex curved structure releases the quenching stress twice, resulting in a large deviation in the size of the casting. After the aging heat treatment, the metal The mechanical strength and hardness of the material have reached the peak value. At this time, it is difficult to correct the size of the casting by mechanical correction. At this time, the mechanical correction of aluminum alloy castings with complex curved structures at room temperature is prone to stress cracks.

In order to reduce the quenching heat treatment deformation of the high-strength and tough complex-curved structure aluminum alloy castings, and effectively eliminate or reduce the quenching residual stress of the complex-curved-structure aluminum alloy castings, the invention provides a thermal state mechanical correction device for the high-strength and tough complex-curved-structure aluminum alloy castings with method. The present invention is aimed at the current situation of the demand for multi-variety and small-batch high-strength and complex curved-surface structure aluminum alloy castings, and designs a universal thermal mechanical correction device, which can perform thermal heating on complex curved-surface structure aluminum alloy castings with various structural shapes. State mechanical calibration, the calibration device has strong applicability, and the equipment investment is small. After the thermal mechanical correction, the vibration aging stress relief treatment of the complex curved structure aluminum alloy casting can reduce the quenching residual stress of the complex curved structure high-strength and tough aluminum alloy casting, improve the dimensional accuracy of the complex curved structure aluminum alloy casting, and effectively improve the metal The mechanical strength and plastic toughness of the material.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A thermal mechanical correction device, the thermal mechanical correction device comprises a heat treatment support base, a positioning frame, a positioning card for the positioning frame, a connecting nut for the positioning frame, a connecting screw for the positioning frame, a shape-compliant pressure block for the correction end, Calibration end connecting rod, calibration end pressure plate, calibration end limit plate, calibration end limit plate connecting nut, calibration end limit plate connecting screw, fixed end conforming pressure block, inner limit plate of the fixed end, inner end of the fixed end Limit plate connecting nut, fixed end inner limit plate connecting screw, fixed end outer limit block, fixed end limit screw, fixed end limit screw stop plate, fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut, fixed The outer limit block fastening screw at the end, and the outer limit block fastening nut at the fixed end;

The calibration frame includes a lower calibration frame, a middle calibration frame and an upper calibration frame;

The alignment frame positioning card plate includes a lower alignment frame positioning card plate and a middle alignment frame positioning card plate;

The middle alignment frame is located above the lower alignment frame, and is connected by the lower alignment frame positioning card plate, and the upper alignment frame is located above the middle alignment frame and is connected by the middle alignment frame positioning card plate;

The alignment frame is a regular polygon formed by a first frame and a second frame;

The lower alignment frame is located at the outer edge of the heat treatment support base, and the lower alignment frame and the heat treatment support base are screwed together by the alignment frame connecting nut and the alignment frame connecting screw;

The calibration end limit plate is located at the outer edge of the first frame of the calibration frame, and the calibration end limit plate is connected to the first frame of the calibration frame through the calibration end limit plate connecting nut and the calibration end limit plate connecting screw. screwed;

The calibration end conforming pressure block is connected to the calibration end bearing plate through a calibration end connecting rod, and the calibration end connecting rod passes through the first frame of the calibration frame, and the calibration end conforming pressure block is close to the calibration frame The inner edge side of the first frame of the lower calibration end, the pressure-bearing plate of the calibration end is close to the outer edge side of the first frame of the lower calibration frame;

The outer limit block of the fixed end is located at the outer edge of the second frame of the alignment frame, and the outer limit block of the fixed end is connected with the alignment block through the fastening screw rod of the outer limit block of the fixed end and the fastening nut of the outer limit block of the fixed end. The second frame of the frame is screwed;

The inner limit plate at the fixed end is located on the inner edge of the second frame of the calibration frame, and the inner limit plate at the fixed end is connected to the calibration frame through the connecting nut of the inner limit plate at the fixed end and the connecting screw for the inner limit plate at the fixed end. The second frame is screwed;

The fixed end conforming pressure block is connected by the fixed end limit screw, the fixed end limit screw stop plate and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut, and the fixed end limit screw passes through the calibration frame The second frame, the fixed end conforming pressure block is close to the inner edge side of the second frame of the alignment frame, the fixed end limit screw stop plate and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut are close to the calibration position the outer edge side of the second frame of the frame.

The present invention also provides a method for thermal mechanical correction of an aluminum alloy casting, the method comprising the following steps:

(i) fixing the aluminum alloy casting after solution quenching treatment in the thermal mechanical calibration device;

(ii) Adjust the fixed end limit screw in the thermal mechanical calibration device, control the gap distance between the fixed end conforming pressure block and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting, push the correcting end pressure-bearing plate, and move the correcting end conforming pressure block Close to the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting;

Then, the thermal mechanical calibration device is placed in the middle of the lower pressure table and the upper pressure table of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic press is started to act synchronously on the pressure bearing plate of the correction end and the outer limit block of the fixed end that is farthest away from it, and the aluminum alloy casting is completed. Thermal mechanical correction of specific areas;

After using a hydraulic press to perform thermal mechanical correction on all the correction end pressure plates and the fixed end outer limit blocks at the symmetrical positions, rotate the aluminum alloy casting in the vertical direction (360/N)°, and repeat the above steps to complete the aluminum alloy casting. For the thermomechanical calibration of the whole area of the alloy casting, the number of repeated steps is N/2, where N is the number of sides of the calibration frame.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a high-strength and tough complex-curved aluminum alloy casting, characterized in that the method includes using the above-mentioned thermal mechanical correction device to perform thermal mechanical correction on the aluminum alloy casting. The method is as described above.

The present invention also provides an aluminum alloy casting with high strength and toughness complex curved structure prepared by the above method.

Beneficial effects:

The invention proposes a thermal mechanical correction device and method for an aluminum alloy casting with a high strength and toughness complex curved surface structure. Compared with the traditional correction process and device, the thermal mechanical correction device prepared by the invention has wide applicability and can be used for various complex The high-strength and tough aluminum alloy castings with curved surface structure are used for thermal mechanical correction, and there is no need to invest too many correction devices, so the equipment investment is small and the capital occupation is small. Further, after the solution quenching heat treatment and thermal mechanical correction, the vibration aging stress relief treatment process is introduced, which can further reduce the quenching residual stress of aluminum alloy castings with complex curved structure on the basis of stable thermal mechanical correction size, avoid The aluminum alloy castings with complex curved structure have large dimensional deformation due to the secondary release of quenching residual stress during the aging heat treatment stage. To sum up, the present invention optimizes and adjusts the solution quenching heat preservation and aging heat preservation heat treatment process of the alloy material, which can further improve the mechanical strength and plastic toughness of the alloy material, and is used for the short cycle of high-strength and tough aluminum alloy castings with complex curved surface structures in military equipment. Low-cost precision casting and heat treatment forming, significant economic benefits.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermomechanical correction device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of structural positioning of the transition metal shell casting of Example 3 using a thermomechanical correction device.

3 is a schematic diagram of structural positioning of the transition metal shell casting of Example 3 using a thermomechanical correction device.

4 is a schematic diagram of structural positioning of the transition metal shell casting of Example 3 using a thermomechanical correction device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the tail section metal shell casting prepared in Example 4. FIG.

6 is a comparison result of residual stress test of the same part of the tail section metal shell casting prepared in Example 4 using the traditional calibration process and the thermal mechanical calibration process of Example 4.

Reference numerals: 1 is the heat treatment support base, 2 is the vibration excitation motor, 3 is the lower alignment frame, 4 is the alignment frame connecting nut, 5 is the alignment frame connecting screw, 6 is the calibration end conforming pressure block, 7 is the calibration end connecting rod, 8 is the pressure bearing plate of the calibration end, 9 is the limit plate of the calibration end, 10 is the connecting nut of the limit plate of the calibration end, 11 is the connecting screw of the limit plate of the calibration end, 12 is the conforming pressure block of the fixed end, 13 It is the inner limit plate of the fixed end, 14 is the connecting nut of the inner limit plate of the fixed end, 15 is the connecting screw of the inner limit plate of the fixed end, 16 is the outer limit block of the fixed end, 17 is the limit screw of the fixed end, and 18 is the fixed end. End limit screw stop plate, 19 is the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut, 20 is the fixed end outer limit block tightening screw, 21 is the fixed end outer limit block tightening nut, 22 is the lower calibration Frame positioning card, 23 is an aluminum alloy casting, 24 is the middle school position frame, 25 is the middle school position frame positioning card board, 26 is the upper school position frame, 27 is the lower pressure table, and 28 is the upper pressure table.

Detailed ways

<Thermal Mechanical Correction Device>

A thermal mechanical correction device, the thermal mechanical correction device comprises a heat treatment support base 1, a positioning frame, a positioning card for the positioning frame, a connecting nut 4 for the positioning frame, a connecting screw 5 for the positioning frame, and a correction end conforming to the shape Pressure block 6, calibration end connecting rod 7, calibration end pressure plate 8, calibration end limit plate 9, calibration end limit plate connecting nut 10, calibration end limit plate connecting screw 11, fixed end conforming pressure block 12, Fixed end inner limit plate 13, fixed end inner limit plate connecting nut 14, fixed end inner limit plate connecting screw 15, fixed end outer limit block 16, fixed end limit screw 17, fixed end limit screw stop plate 18, fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19, fixed end outer limit block tightening screw 20, fixed end outer limit block tightening nut 21;

The calibration frame includes a lower calibration frame 3, a middle calibration frame 24 and an upper calibration frame 26;

The alignment frame positioning card includes a lower alignment frame positioning card 22 and a middle alignment frame positioning card 25;

The middle alignment frame 24 is located above the lower alignment frame 3 and is connected by the lower alignment frame positioning card 22, and the upper alignment frame 26 is located above the middle alignment frame 24 and is positioned by the middle alignment frame The card board 25 is connected;

The alignment frame is a regular polygon formed by a first frame and a second frame;

The lower alignment frame 3 is located at the outer edge of the heat treatment support base 1, and the lower alignment frame 3 is screwed with the heat treatment support base 1 through the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5;

The calibration end limit plate 9 is located at the outer edge of the first frame of the calibration frame, and connects the calibration end limit plate 9 with the calibration frame through the calibration end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the calibration end limit plate connecting screw 11. The first frame is screwed;

The calibration end conforming pressure block 6 is connected to the calibration end bearing plate 8 through the calibration end connecting rod 7, and the calibration end connecting rod 7 passes through the first frame of the calibration frame, and the calibration end conforms to the pressure block. 6 is close to the inner edge side of the first frame of the alignment frame, and the calibration end pressure plate 8 is close to the outer edge side of the first frame of the lower alignment frame 3;

The fixed end outer limit block 16 is located at the outer edge of the second frame of the alignment frame, and the fixed end outer limit block is fastened by the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21. 16 is screwed with the second frame of the alignment frame;

The inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end is located on the inner edge of the second frame of the alignment frame, and is connected to the inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end with the connecting nut 14 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end. The second frame of the calibration frame is screwed;

The fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is connected by the fixed end limit screw 17, the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19, and the fixed end limit screw 17 Passing through the second frame of the alignment frame, the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is close to the inner edge side of the second frame of the alignment frame, the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop The board limit nut 19 is close to the outer edge side of the second frame of the alignment frame.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal mechanical correction device is used for thermal mechanical correction of an aluminum alloy casting with a complex curved structure.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the heat-treated support base 1 is medium carbon steel, cast iron or stainless steel.

The heat treatment support base 1 is in the shape of a wheel, its outer periphery is an annular groove, and the built-in is a radial line structure; the thickness of the single side of the annular groove is ≥ 20mm; the number of radial lines is 4-8, and the radial line shape The width of the structure is ≥60mm, and the height of the radial structure is ≥40mm.

The annular groove is in contact with the bottom surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the alignment frame is a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, a regular decagon or a regular dodecagon formed by the first frame and the second frame.

The number of the first frames of the alignment frame is the same as the number of the second frames of the alignment frame, and the first frames are connected to each other, and the second frames are connected to each other.

The material of the alignment frame is low carbon steel, medium carbon steel or stainless steel.

The thickness of the first frame and the second frame of the alignment frame is greater than or equal to 30mm, and the height is greater than or equal to 120mm.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the alignment frame positioning card plate is low carbon steel or medium carbon steel.

The alignment frame positioning card plate is coincident with the center of the top surface of the first frame and the second frame of the alignment frame.

The thickness of the alignment frame positioning card board is ≥30mm.

The number of the alignment frame positioning cards is 1/2 of the number of the alignment frame sides.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the lower alignment frame positioning cards 22 are arranged above the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 at intervals.

The lower alignment frame positioning card 22 coincides with the center of the top surface of the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 .

The number of the lower alignment frame positioning cards 22 is 1/2 of the sum of the number of the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 .

The middle alignment frame positioning cards 25 are arranged above the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 24 at intervals.

The middle alignment frame positioning card 25 coincides with the center of the top surface of the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 24 .

The number of the middle alignment frame positioning cards 25 is 1/2 of the sum of the number of the first frame and the second frame of the middle alignment frame 24 .

The lower calibration frame 3 , the middle calibration frame 24 and the upper calibration frame 26 have the same structure.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the lower alignment frame 3 and the heat treatment support base 1 are distributed in concentric circles.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5 are made of low carbon steel or stainless steel.

The first frame of each alignment frame and the heat treatment support base 1 are screwed together by two alignment frame connecting nuts 4 and two alignment frame connecting screws 5; the second frame of each alignment frame and the heat treatment supporting base 1 pass through The two alignment frame connecting nuts 4 and the two alignment frame connecting screws 5 are screwed together.

The center of the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5 coincide with each other and have the same number.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the calibration end conforming pressure block 6 , the calibration end connecting rod 7 and the calibration end bearing plate 8 is stainless steel or die steel.

The center of the calibration end conforming pressure block 6, the calibration end connecting rod 7 and the calibration end pressure bearing plate 8 coincide with each other and have the same number.

The number of the calibration end conforming pressure block 6 , the calibration end connecting rod 7 and the calibration end pressure plate 8 is the same as the number of the first frame of the calibration frame.

The shape of the correction end conforming pressing block 6 is not particularly defined, for example, it is a circle or a square.

The surface area of the calibrating end conforming pressing block 6 is ≥30000mm ² , and the thickness is ≥30mm.

The diameter of the correction end connecting rod 7 is ≥40mm.

The length of the correction end bearing plate 8 is ≥ 200mm, the width is ≥ 100mm, and the thickness is ≥ 60mm.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the calibration end limiting plates 9 is the same as the number of the first frame of the calibration frame.

The calibration end limiting plate 9 coincides with the center of the first frame of the calibration frame.

The material of the correction end limiting plate 9 is medium carbon steel or stainless steel.

The correction end limiting plate 9 is provided with a T-slot structure.

The T-slot structure is matched with the correction end connecting rod 7 and the correction end bearing plate 8 .

The length of the correction end limiting plate 9 is ≥300mm, the width is ≥160mm, and the thickness is ≥100mm.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the correction end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the correction end limit plate connecting screw 11 is medium carbon steel or stainless steel.

The circle centers of the correction end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the correction end limit plate connecting screw 11 are coincident and have the same number.

Each correction end limit plate 9 is screwed together by two correction end limit plate connecting nuts 10 and a correction end limit plate connecting screw 11 .

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the centers of the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 , the fixed end limit screw 17 , the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 are coincident with each other and The same amount.

The fixed end conforming pressure block 12 , the fixed end limit screw 17 , the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 are made of low carbon steel or die steel.

The shape of the fixed end conforming pressing block 12 is not particularly defined, for example, it is a circle or a square.

The surface area of the fixed end conformal pressing block 12 is ≥20000mm ² , and the thickness is ≥30mm.

The diameter of the fixed end limiting screw 17 is ≥50mm, and the pitch is ≤1.0mm.

The length of the fixed end screw stopper plate 18 is greater than or equal to 60 mm, the width is greater than or equal to 40 mm, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 30 mm.

The thickness of the stopper nut 19 of the stopper screw stopper plate at the fixed end is greater than or equal to 40mm, and the pitch is less than or equal to 1.0mm.

The fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 is screwed with the fixed end limit screw 17 , and the height of the screw connection is lower than the outer surface of the fixed end outer limit block 16 .

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the limit plates 13 in the fixed end is the same as the number of the second frame of the alignment frame.

The inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end coincides with the center of the second frame of the alignment frame.

The material of the limiting plate 13 in the fixed end is low carbon steel or stainless steel.

The inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end is in contact with the limit screw 17 of the fixed end.

The length of the limit plate 13 in the fixed end is greater than or equal to 200 mm, the width is greater than or equal to 120 mm, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 30 mm.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the circle centers of the connecting nut 14 in the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the limit plate in the fixed end coincide with each other and have the same number.

Each fixed end inner limit plate 13 is screwed together by two fixed end inner limit plate connecting nuts 14 and two fixed end inner limit plate connecting screws 15 .

The material of the connecting nut 14 of the inner limit plate at the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end is medium carbon steel, die steel or stainless steel.

The diameter of the connecting screw 15 of the limit plate in the fixed end is greater than or equal to 30mm, and the length is less than or equal to 80mm.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the fixed end outer limit blocks 16 is the same as the number of the second frame of the alignment frame.

The outer limit block 16 of the fixed end coincides with the center of the second frame of the alignment frame.

The material of the fixed end outer limit block 16 is medium carbon steel or stainless steel.

The outer limit block 16 of the fixed end is provided with a T-slot structure inside.

The T-slot structure is matched with the fixed end limit screw 17 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 .

The length of the fixed end outer limit block 16 is greater than or equal to 300mm, the width is greater than or equal to 160mm, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 100mm.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the fixing end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21 is medium carbon steel or stainless steel.

The center of the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21 coincide with the same number.

Each fixed end outer limit block 16 is screwed together by two fixed end outer limit block fastening screws 20 and two fixed end outer limit block fastening nuts 21, and the height after screwing is lower than the fixed end outer limit Outer surface of block 16 .

The diameter of the fastening screw 20 of the outer limit block of the fixed end is ≤40mm, and the length is ≤50mm.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the device is placed on the hydraulic press, preferably between the lower pressure table 27 and the upper pressure table 28 of the hydraulic machine.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes an excitation motor 2 , which is located above the heat treatment support base 1 .

The setting of the vibration excitation motor 2 is used to provide vibration to the aluminum alloy casting 23 so as to facilitate the completion of the vibration aging stress relief treatment step.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the vibration excitation motor 2 is located directly above the heat treatment support base 1 and coincides with the center of the heat treatment support base 1 .

<Construction method of thermal mechanical correction device>

The present invention also provides a method for constructing the above thermomechanical correction device, the method comprising the following steps:

(a) optionally place the excitation motor 2 directly above the heat treatment support base 1, so that the center of the excitation motor 2 and the heat treatment support base 1 coincide;

(b) place the aluminum alloy casting 23 on the heat treatment support base 1, and place the lower alignment frame 3 on the outer edge of the heat treatment support base 1, and the two are concentrically distributed; use the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5. Screw together the heat treatment support base 1 and the lower alignment frame 3 tightly;

Place the calibration end limit plate 9 on the outer edge of the first frame of the lower calibration frame 3, and connect the calibration end limit plate 9 to the lower calibration frame through the calibration end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the calibration end limit plate connecting screw 11. The first frame of 3 is screwed;

The calibration end conforming pressure block 6 is connected to the calibration end bearing plate 8 through the calibration end connecting rod 7, and the calibration end connecting rod 7 passes through the first frame of the lower calibration frame 3, and the calibration end conforms to the pressure block. 6. It is close to the inner edge side of the first frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and the calibration end pressure plate 8 is close to the outer edge side of the first frame of the lower alignment frame 3;

Place the fixed end outer limit block 16 on the outer edge of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and use the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21 to limit the outer limit of the fixed end. The block 16 is screwed with the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3;

Place the inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end on the inner edge of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and connect the inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end through the connecting nut 14 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end. It is screwed with the second frame of the lower calibration frame 3;

The fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is connected by the fixed end limit screw 17, the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19, and the fixed end limit screw 17 passes through. Passing through the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is close to the inner edge of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop The position plate limit nut 19 is close to the outer edge side of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 to complete the assembly of the lower alignment frame 3;

(c) The middle alignment frame 24 is installed just above the lower alignment frame 3, and is fixedly connected by the lower alignment frame positioning card 22; the upper alignment frame 26 is installed just above the middle alignment frame 24, and is positioned by the middle alignment frame The card board 25 is fixedly connected, and the assembly process of the middle alignment frame 24 and the upper alignment frame 26 is the same as that of the lower alignment frame 3 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (b), the aluminum alloy casting 23 is placed directly above the heat treatment support base 1 so that the bottom surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23 is in contact with the annular groove of the heat treatment support base 1 .

<Method for thermal mechanical correction of aluminum alloy castings>

The present invention also provides a method for thermal mechanical correction of an aluminum alloy casting, the method comprising the following steps:

(i) fixing the aluminum alloy casting 23 after the solution quenching treatment in the thermal mechanical calibration device;

(ii) Adjust the fixed end limit screw 17 in the thermal mechanical calibration device, control the gap distance between the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23, push the calibration end bearing plate 8, and move the calibration end The conformal pressing block 6 is close to the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23;

Then, the thermal mechanical calibration device is placed in the middle position of the lower pressure table 27 and the upper pressure table 28 of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic press is started to act synchronously on the pressure bearing plate 8 of the calibration end and the outer limit block 16 of the fixed end which is the farthest away from it, and the completion is completed. Thermomechanical correction of specific areas of aluminum alloy castings 23;

After using a hydraulic press to perform thermal mechanical correction on all the correction end pressure plates 8 and the fixed end outer limit blocks 16 at the symmetrical positions, rotate the aluminum alloy casting 23 by (360/N)° in the vertical direction, and repeat the above steps. The thermomechanical calibration of the entire area of the aluminum alloy casting 23 is completed, and the number of repeated steps is N/2, where N is the number of sides of the calibration frame.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal mechanical correction of the aluminum alloy casting is used for the thermal mechanical correction of the aluminum alloy casting with high strength and toughness complex curved surface.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (i), the solution quenching heat treatment is that the aluminum alloy casting 23 is placed directly above the heat treatment support base 1, and the aluminum alloy casting 23 and the heat treatment support base 1 are put into the solution heat preservation furnace together Internal solution heat treatment is carried out, followed by quenching treatment.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (i), the solution quenching heat treatment is to place the aluminum alloy casting in a solution heat preservation furnace for solid solution heat preservation heat treatment; The temperature of the solution heat treatment is (T _{ternary eutectic melting} -3) ℃, the T _{ternary eutectic melting} temperature can be measured by DSC, TG, TMA and other material thermal analysis methods, and the solution heat treatment time is 14h～ 18h, the heating rate of solution heat treatment is 2.5℃·min ^-1 ~ 4.0℃·min ^-1 , the quenching transfer time is ≤15s, the quenching medium is water or polyethylene glycol, and the temperature of the quenching medium is 30℃～50℃ .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the gap distance between the fixed end conformal pressing block 12 and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23 is controlled within a range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic press is 100T˜500T, and the pressing speed of the hydraulic press is 0.5 mm·s ⁻¹ ˜2.0 mm·s ⁻¹ .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the downward pressure of the hydraulic press is the sum of the dimensional deformation of the aluminum alloy casting and the structural rebound size, and the structural rebound size is set according to Table 1:

Table 1 Structural springback dimensions

<Preparation method of high strength and toughness complex curved aluminum alloy casting>

The present invention also provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy casting with high strength and toughness and a complex curved surface.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the method of the thermomechanical correction is as described above.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:

(iii) Vibration aging stress relief treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy casting 23 that has completed the thermomechanical correction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:

(iv) After placing the aluminum alloy casting 23 that has completed the vibration aging stress relief treatment in an aging holding furnace for aging heat treatment, the preparation of the high-strength and tough complex-curved aluminum alloy casting can be completed.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), the vibration excitation motor 2 is started, and the vibration aging stress relief treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy casting 23 that has completed the thermal mechanical correction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), the frequency of the excitation motor is 40 Hz to 600 Hz, the rotational speed of the excitation motor is 1500 r·min ⁻¹ to 7500 r·min ⁻¹ , and the vibration acceleration of the excitation motor is 10 m. s ^-2 ～80m.s ^-2 , the exciting force of the exciting motor is 1000N～5000N, and the exciting time of the exciting motor is 20min～40min.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iv), the furnace temperature of the aluminum alloy casting is less than 100°C, the heat preservation temperature of the aging heat treatment is 160°C to 180°C, and the temperature rise rate of the aging heat treatment is 1.5°C·min ⁻¹ to 2.0 ℃·min ^-1 , the holding time of aging heat treatment is 6h～10h, and air cooling is finished after the heat preservation of aging heat treatment.

<High strength and toughness complex surface structure aluminum alloy casting>

The present invention also provides an aluminum alloy casting with high strength and toughness complex curved structure prepared by the above method.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, after the thermal mechanical correction, the dimensional accuracy of the inner cavity of the aluminum alloy casting can reach the CT6 to CT8 level in HB6103-2004, the dimensional deviation is controlled within ±0.20mm to ±0.40mm, and the residual stress The peak value can be controlled within ±100MPa. Compared with GB/T 1173-2013 "Casting Aluminum Alloy", the average tensile strength of aluminum alloy castings can be increased by more than 10%, the average yield strength can be increased by more than 15%, and the average elongation can be increased. 25% or more.

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following examples are only for illustrating and explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention are covered within the intended protection scope of the present invention.

The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents, materials, etc. used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

The alloy material used in the following examples is ZL114A, the dimensional accuracy is performed according to the HB6103-2004 standard, the mechanical properties of the material are performed according to GB/T 1173-2013, and the mechanical property test is performed according to GB/T 228-2010.

Example 1:

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , this embodiment provides a thermal mechanical correction device for an aluminum alloy casting with a high-strength and complex curved surface structure. The thermal mechanical correction device includes a heat treatment support base 1 , an excitation motor 2 , and a calibration frame. , Calibration frame positioning card, calibration frame connecting nut 4, calibration frame connecting screw 5, calibration end conforming pressure block 6, calibration end connecting rod 7, calibration end bearing plate 8, calibration end limit plate 9, Calibration end limit plate connecting nut 10, calibration end limit plate connecting screw 11, fixed end conforming pressure block 12, fixed end inner limit plate 13, fixed end inner limit plate connecting nut 14, fixed end inner limit plate Connecting screw 15, fixed end outer limit block 16, fixed end limit screw 17, fixed end limit screw stop plate 18, fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19, fixed end outer limit block tightening The screw 20, the outer limit block fastening nut 21 of the fixed end;

The vibration excitation motor 2 is located above the heat treatment support base 1;

The calibration frame includes a lower calibration frame 3, a middle calibration frame 24 and an upper calibration frame 26;

The alignment frame positioning card includes a lower alignment frame positioning card 22 and a middle alignment frame positioning card 25;

The middle alignment frame 24 is located above the lower alignment frame 3 and is connected by the lower alignment frame positioning card 22, and the upper alignment frame 26 is located above the middle alignment frame 24 and is positioned by the middle alignment frame The card board 25 is connected;

The alignment frame is a regular polygon formed by a first frame and a second frame;

The lower alignment frame 3 is located at the outer edge of the heat treatment support base 1, and the lower alignment frame 3 is screwed with the heat treatment support base 1 through the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5;

The calibration end limit plate 9 is located at the outer edge of the first frame of the calibration frame, and connects the calibration end limit plate 9 with the calibration frame through the calibration end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the calibration end limit plate connecting screw 11. The first frame is screwed;

The calibration end conforming pressure block 6 is connected to the calibration end bearing plate 8 through the calibration end connecting rod 7, and the calibration end connecting rod 7 passes through the first frame of the calibration frame, and the calibration end conforms to the pressure block. 6 is close to the inner edge side of the first frame of the alignment frame, and the calibration end pressure plate 8 is close to the outer edge side of the first frame of the lower alignment frame 3;

The fixed end outer limit block 16 is located at the outer edge of the second frame of the alignment frame, and the fixed end outer limit block is fastened by the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21. 16 is screwed with the second frame of the alignment frame;

The inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end is located on the inner edge of the second frame of the alignment frame, and is connected to the inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end with the connecting nut 14 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end. The second frame of the calibration frame is screwed;

The fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is connected by the fixed end limit screw 17, the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19, and the fixed end limit screw 17 Passing through the second frame of the alignment frame, the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is close to the inner edge side of the second frame of the alignment frame, the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop The board limit nut 19 is close to the outer edge side of the second frame of the alignment frame.

The construction method of the above-mentioned thermal mechanical correction device includes the following steps:

(a) place the vibration excitation motor 2 directly above the heat treatment support base 1, so that the center of the vibration excitation motor 2 and the heat treatment support base 1 coincide;

(b) place the aluminum alloy casting 23 on the heat treatment support base 1, and place the lower alignment frame 3 on the outer edge of the heat treatment support base 1, and the two are concentrically distributed; use the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5. Screw together the heat treatment support base 1 and the lower alignment frame 3 tightly;

Place the calibration end limit plate 9 on the outer edge of the first frame of the lower calibration frame 3, and connect the calibration end limit plate 9 to the lower calibration frame through the calibration end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the calibration end limit plate connecting screw 11. The first frame of 3 is screwed;

The calibration end conforming pressure block 6 is connected to the calibration end bearing plate 8 through the calibration end connecting rod 7, and the calibration end connecting rod 7 passes through the first frame of the lower calibration frame 3, and the calibration end conforms to the pressure block. 6. It is close to the inner edge side of the first frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and the calibration end pressure plate 8 is close to the outer edge side of the first frame of the lower alignment frame 3;

Place the fixed end outer limit block 16 on the outer edge of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and use the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21 to limit the outer limit of the fixed end. The block 16 is screwed with the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3;

Place the inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end on the inner edge of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and connect the inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end through the connecting nut 14 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end. It is screwed with the second frame of the lower calibration frame 3;

The fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is connected by the fixed end limit screw 17, the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19, and the fixed end limit screw 17 passes through. Passing through the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 is close to the inner edge of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3, and the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop The position plate limit nut 19 is close to the outer edge side of the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 to complete the assembly of the lower alignment frame 3;

(c) The middle alignment frame 24 is installed just above the lower alignment frame 3, and is fixedly connected by the lower alignment frame positioning card 22; the upper alignment frame 26 is installed just above the middle alignment frame 24, and is positioned by the middle alignment frame The card board 25 is fixedly connected, and the assembly process of the middle alignment frame 24 and the upper alignment frame 26 is the same as that of the lower alignment frame 3 .

Example 2

The thermal mechanical correction device of Example 1 is used to perform thermal mechanical correction on the aluminum alloy casting. The specific parameters of the thermal mechanical correction device are: the material of the heat treatment support base 1 is medium carbon steel. The heat treatment support base 1 is in the shape of a wheel, its outer periphery is an annular groove, and the built-in is a radial structure; the thickness of one side of the annular groove is 30mm; The width is 80mm, and the height of the radial structure is 50mm. The annular groove is in contact with the bottom surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23 .

The alignment frame is a regular octagon composed of a first frame and a second frame. The number of the first frames of the alignment frame is the same as the number of the second frames of the alignment frame, and the first frames are connected to each other, and the second frames are connected to each other. The material of the alignment frame is low carbon steel. The thickness of the first frame and the second frame of the alignment frame is 40mm and the height is 140mm.

The material of the alignment frame positioning card plate is medium carbon steel. The alignment frame positioning card plate is coincident with the center of the top surface of the first frame and the second frame of the alignment frame. The thickness of the alignment frame positioning card board is 40mm. The number of the alignment frame positioning card boards is 4.

The lower alignment frame positioning cards 22 are arranged above the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 at intervals. The lower alignment frame positioning card 22 coincides with the center of the top surface of the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 3 . The number of the lower alignment frame positioning cardboards 22 is four. The middle alignment frame positioning cards 25 are arranged above the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 24 at intervals. The middle alignment frame positioning card 25 coincides with the center of the top surface of the first frame and the second frame of the lower alignment frame 24 . The number of the middle alignment frame positioning cardboards 25 is four. The lower calibration frame 3 , the middle calibration frame 24 and the upper calibration frame 26 have the same structure.

The lower alignment frame 3 and the heat treatment support base 1 are distributed in concentric circles.

The alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5 are made of low carbon steel. The first frame of each alignment frame and the heat treatment support base 1 are screwed together by two alignment frame connecting nuts 4 and two alignment frame connecting screws 5; the second frame of each alignment frame and the heat treatment supporting base 1 pass through The two alignment frame connecting nuts 4 and the two alignment frame connecting screws 5 are screwed together. The center of the alignment frame connecting nut 4 and the alignment frame connecting screw 5 coincide with each other and have the same number.

The material of the correction end conforming pressure block 6 , the correction end connecting rod 7 and the correction end pressure plate 8 is die steel. The center of the calibration end conforming pressure block 6, the calibration end connecting rod 7 and the calibration end pressure bearing plate 8 coincide with each other and have the same number. The number of the calibration end conforming pressure block 6 , the calibration end connecting rod 7 and the calibration end pressure plate 8 is the same as the number of the first frame of the calibration frame. The surface area of the calibrating end conforming pressing block 6 is 32000mm ² and the thickness is 40mm. The diameter of the correction end connecting rod 7 is 60 mm. The length of the correction end bearing plate 8 is 240mm, the width is 120mm, and the thickness is 80mm.

The number of the calibration end limit plates 9 is the same as the number of the first frame of the calibration frame. The calibration end limiting plate 9 coincides with the center of the first frame of the calibration frame. The material of the correction end limiting plate 9 is medium carbon steel. The correction end limiting plate 9 is provided with a T-slot structure. The T-slot structure is matched with the correction end connecting rod 7 and the correction end bearing plate 8 . The length of the correction end limiting plate 9 is 320mm, the width is 180mm, and the thickness is 120mm.

The material of the correction end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the correction end limit plate connecting screw 11 is medium carbon steel. The circle centers of the correction end limit plate connecting nut 10 and the correction end limit plate connecting screw 11 are coincident and have the same number. Each correction end limit plate 9 is screwed together by two correction end limit plate connecting nuts 10 and a correction end limit plate connecting screw 11 .

The center of the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 , the fixed end limit screw 17 , the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 coincide with the same number. The material of the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 , the fixed end limit screw 17 , the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 is die steel. The surface area of the fixed end conformal pressing block 12 is 24000 mm ² and the thickness is 40 mm. The diameter of the fixed end limit screw 17 is 60 mm, and the pitch is 0.5 mm. The length of the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 is 80 mm, the width is 50 mm, and the thickness is 40 mm. The thickness of the fixing end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 is 50mm, and the thread pitch is 0.5mm. The fixed end limit screw stop plate limit nut 19 is screwed with the fixed end limit screw 17 , and the height of the screw connection is lower than the outer surface of the fixed end outer limit block 16 .

The number of the limit plates 13 in the fixed end is the same as the number of the second frame of the alignment frame. The inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end coincides with the center of the second frame of the alignment frame. The material of the limiting plate 13 in the fixed end is stainless steel. The inner limit plate 13 of the fixed end is in contact with the limit screw 17 of the fixed end. The length of the limit plate 13 in the fixed end is 240mm, the width is 140mm, and the thickness is 50mm.

The center of the inner limit plate connecting nut 14 of the fixed end and the center of the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end are coincident and have the same number. Each fixed end inner limit plate 13 is screwed together by two fixed end inner limit plate connecting nuts 14 and two fixed end inner limit plate connecting screws 15 . The material of the connecting nut 14 of the inner limit plate at the fixed end and the connecting screw 15 of the inner limit plate of the fixed end is medium carbon steel. The diameter of the connecting screw 15 of the limit plate in the fixed end is 50mm and the length is 60mm.

The number of the fixed end outer limit blocks 16 is the same as the number of the second frame of the alignment frame. The outer limit block 16 of the fixed end coincides with the center of the second frame of the alignment frame. The material of the fixed end outer limit block 16 is medium carbon steel. The outer limit block 16 of the fixed end is provided with a T-slot structure inside. The T-slot structure is matched with the fixed end limit screw 17 and the fixed end limit screw stop plate 18 . The length of the fixed end outer limit block 16 is 340mm, the width is 170mm, and the thickness is 110mm.

The material of the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21 is stainless steel. The center of the fixed end outer limit block fastening screw 20 and the fixed end outer limit block fastening nut 21 coincide with the same number. Each fixed end outer limit block 16 is screwed together by two fixed end outer limit block fastening screws 20 and two fixed end outer limit block fastening nuts 21, and the height after screwing is lower than the fixed end outer limit Outer surface of block 16 . The diameter of the fixing screw 20 for the outer limit block of the fixed end is 30 mm in diameter and 40 mm in length.

Example 3

The thermal mechanical correction device of Example 1 is used to perform thermal mechanical correction on the aluminum alloy casting, and the aluminum alloy casting is a transition metal shell casting, and the specific method includes the following steps:

(i) solution quenching heat treatment step: place the aluminum alloy casting 23 directly above the heat treatment support base 1, put the aluminum alloy casting 23 together with the heat treatment support base 1 into the solution heat preservation furnace for solution heat preservation heat treatment, and then carry out quenching deal with;

(ii) thermal mechanical calibration step: adjust the fixed end limit screw 17 in the thermal mechanical calibration device, control the gap distance between the fixed end conforming pressure block 12 and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23, and push the calibration end to bear the pressure plate 8, the correction end conforming pressure block 6 is closely attached to the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23;

Then, the thermal mechanical calibration device is placed in the middle position of the lower pressure table 27 and the upper pressure table 28 of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic press is started to act synchronously on the pressure bearing plate 8 of the calibration end and the outer limit block 16 of the fixed end which is the farthest away from it, and the completion is completed. Thermomechanical correction of specific areas of aluminum alloy castings 23;

After the thermomechanical calibration is performed on all the calibration end pressure plates 8 and the fixed end outer limit blocks 16 by a hydraulic press, the aluminum alloy casting 23 is rotated (360/N)° in the vertical direction, and the above steps are repeated to complete the calibration of the aluminum alloy. The thermal mechanical calibration of the whole area of the alloy casting 23, the number of repeated steps of the thermal mechanical calibration of the casting is N/2, and N is the number of edges of the calibration frame;

(iii) Vibration aging stress relief treatment step: take out the aluminum alloy casting 23, the lower alignment frame 3, the middle alignment frame 24, and the upper alignment frame 26 from the lower pressure table 27 and the upper pressure table 28 after the thermomechanical correction is completed. , placed vertically on the ground, start the excitation motor 2, and perform vibration aging stress relief treatment on the aluminum alloy casting 23;

(iv) Aging heat treatment step: The aluminum alloy casting 23 after vibration aging stress relief treatment is placed in an aging holding furnace for aging heat treatment to complete the preparation of the transition metal shell casting.

In the solution quenching heat treatment step, the furnace entry temperature is 60°C, the solution heat preservation temperature is 547°C, the solution heat preservation time is 16h, the solution heat preservation heating rate is 3.0°C·min ^-1 , the quenching transfer time is 10s, and the quenching medium For water, the quenching medium temperature is 30 ℃.

In the thermal mechanical correction step of the transition metal shell casting, the gap distance between the fixed end conformal pressing block 12 and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23 is controlled to be 0.6 mm. The hydraulic pressure is 300T, the pressing speed of the hydraulic press is 1.0mm·s ^-1 , and the pressing amount of the hydraulic press during the thermomechanical correction of the metal shell casting in the transition section is the dimensional deformation of the casting + the size of the structural rebound, and the size of the structural rebound Set according to Table 2.

Table 2 Thermal mechanical correction structure springback dimension of metal shell castings in transition section

In the vibration aging stress relief treatment step, the vibration aging excitation frequency is 120Hz, the excitation motor speed is 3000r·min ^-1 , the vibration acceleration motor vibration acceleration is 35m.s ^-2 , the excitation force is 2400N, and the excitation time is 25min.

In the aging heat treatment step, the furnace entry temperature is 50°C, the aging heat treatment holding temperature is 160°C, the aging heat treatment heating rate is 1.5°C·min ^-1 , the aging heat treatment holding time is 8h, and the furnace is air-cooled after the aging heat treatment is completed.

Example 4

Other operations are the same as in Example 3, the difference is only that the structure and processing parameters of the aluminum alloy castings are different, as follows:

In the solution quenching heat treatment step, the furnace entry temperature is 80°C, the solution heat preservation temperature is 547°C, the solution heat preservation time is 18h, the solution heat preservation heating rate is 3.5°C·min ^-1 , the quenching transfer time is 12s, and the quenching medium For polyethylene glycol, the quenching medium temperature is 40 ℃.

In the thermal mechanical correction step of the metal shell casting of the tail section, the gap distance between the fixed end conformal pressing block 12 and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting 23 is controlled to be 0.6 mm. The hydraulic pressure is 200T, the pressing speed of the hydraulic press is 1.2 mm·s ^-1 , and the pressing amount of the hydraulic press during the thermomechanical correction of the metal shell casting of the tail section is the dimensional deformation of the casting + the size of the structural rebound, and the size of the structural rebound Set according to Table 3.

Table 3 Tail section metal shell casting thermal mechanical correction structure springback size

In the vibration aging stress relief treatment step, the vibration aging excitation frequency is 120Hz, the excitation motor speed is 4500r·min ^-1 , the vibration acceleration motor vibration acceleration is 40m.s ^-2 , the excitation force is 3200N, and the excitation time is 35min.

In the aging heat treatment step, the furnace entry temperature is 40°C, the aging heat treatment holding temperature is 180°C, the aging heat treatment heating rate is 2.0°C·min ^-1 , the aging heat treatment holding time is 10h, and the furnace is air-cooled after the aging heat treatment is completed.

FIG. 6 shows the comparison results of the residual stress test using the traditional calibration process and the thermal mechanical calibration process of the embodiment 4 at the same part of the metal shell casting of the tail section in Example 4. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that compared with the traditional correction process, after the thermal mechanical correction process of Example 4 is used for the metal shell casting of the tail section, the peak value of the residual tensile stress is reduced from 178MPa to 72MPa, a decrease of 59.6%; the residual compressive stress The peak value decreased from -172MPa to -64MPa, a decrease of 62.8%; the quenching residual stress of the metal shell casting of the tail section was effectively released.

Comparative Example 1:

Other operations are the same as those in Example 3, the difference is only that the vibration aging stress relief treatment step is removed in the preparation process of the thermal mechanical correction of the aluminum alloy casting.

Comparative Example 2:

Other operations are the same as those in Example 3, the only difference is that during the thermal mechanical calibration preparation process of the aluminum alloy casting, the solution holding temperature is 535°C, the solution holding time is 10h, and the solution heating rate is 2°C·min ^-1 , the quenching transfer time is 25s.

Table 4 Performance test results of the thermal mechanically corrected aluminum alloys of Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2

To sum up, the thermal mechanical correction device of the present invention has strong applicability, and can perform effective size and shape correction treatment for various complex surface structures of high-strength and tough aluminum alloys; meanwhile, vibration aging stress relief treatment process is introduced after solution quenching. Vibration aging stress relief treatment of high-strength and tough aluminum alloy castings with complex surface structure after state mechanical correction can effectively reduce the peak quenching residual stress inside the castings and avoid dimensional deformation of the aluminum alloy castings during the secondary release of quenching residual stress during the aging heat treatment process; combined with The solution quenching and aging heat treatment heat preservation process disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the mechanical strength and plastic toughness of the metal material.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The thermal state mechanical correction device comprises a heat treatment supporting base (1), a position correcting frame positioning clamping plate, a position correcting frame connecting nut (4), a position correcting frame connecting screw rod (5), a correcting end conformal pressing block (6), a correcting end connecting rod (7), a correcting end bearing plate (8), a correcting end limiting plate (9), a correcting end limiting plate connecting nut (10), a correcting end limiting plate connecting screw rod (11), a fixing end conformal pressing block (12), a fixing end inner limiting plate (13), a fixing end inner limiting plate connecting nut (14), a fixing end inner limiting plate connecting screw rod (15), a fixing end outer limiting block (16), a fixing end limiting screw rod (17), a fixing end limiting screw rod end limiting plate (18), a fixing end limiting screw rod end limiting plate limiting nut (19), a fixing end outer limiting block fastening screw rod (20), The outer limiting block of the fixed end fastens a nut (21);

the position correcting frame comprises a lower position correcting frame (3), a middle position correcting frame (24) and an upper position correcting frame (26);

the positioning clamping plates of the positioning frame comprise a lower positioning clamping plate (22) of the positioning frame and a middle positioning clamping plate (25);

the middle position correcting frame (24) is positioned above the lower position correcting frame (3) and is connected with the lower position correcting frame through a lower position correcting frame positioning clamping plate (22), and the upper position correcting frame (26) is positioned above the middle position correcting frame (24) and is connected with the middle position correcting frame through a middle position correcting frame positioning clamping plate (25);

the position correcting frame is a regular polygon formed by a first frame and a second frame;

the lower position correcting frame (3) is positioned at the outer edge of the heat treatment supporting base (1), and the lower position correcting frame (3) is in threaded connection with the heat treatment supporting base (1) through a position correcting frame connecting nut (4) and a position correcting frame connecting screw rod (5);

the correcting end limiting plate (9) is positioned at the outer edge of the first side frame of the correcting frame, and the correcting end limiting plate (9) is in threaded connection with the first side frame of the correcting frame through a correcting end limiting plate connecting nut (10) and a correcting end limiting plate connecting screw rod (11);

the correcting end shape-following pressing block (6) is connected with a correcting end bearing pressing plate (8) through a correcting end connecting rod (7), the correcting end connecting rod (7) penetrates through a first frame of the correcting frame, the correcting end shape-following pressing block (6) is close to the inner edge side of the first frame of the correcting frame, and the correcting end bearing pressing plate (8) is close to the outer edge side of the first frame of the lower correcting frame (3);

the fixed end outer limiting block (16) is positioned at the outer edge of the second frame of the position correcting frame, and the fixed end outer limiting block (16) is in threaded connection with the second frame of the position correcting frame through a fixed end outer limiting block fastening screw rod (20) and a fixed end outer limiting block fastening nut (21);

the fixed end inner limiting plate (13) is positioned at the inner edge of the second frame of the position correcting frame, and the fixed end inner limiting plate (13) is in threaded connection with the second frame of the position correcting frame through a fixed end inner limiting plate connecting nut (14) and a fixed end inner limiting plate connecting screw rod (15);

the stiff end is followed shape briquetting (12) and is ended a board (18) and stiff end limit screw and end limit screw board stop nut (19) and link to each other, just stiff end limit screw (17) pass the second frame of position correcting frame, the stiff end is followed shape briquetting (12) and is close to the second frame inner edge side of position correcting frame, stiff end limit screw ends a board (18) and stiff end limit screw and ends a board stop nut (19) and be close to the second frame outer edge side of position correcting frame.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the position correcting frame is a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, a regular decagon or a regular dodecagon formed by the first frame and the second frame;

the number of the first frames of the position correcting frame is the same as that of the second frames of the position correcting frame, the first frames are connected, and the second frames are connected.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first rim of each alignment frame is screwed to the heat treatment support base (1) by means of two alignment frame coupling nuts (4) and two alignment frame coupling screws (5); the second frame of each position correcting frame is in threaded connection with the heat treatment supporting base (1) through two position correcting frame connecting nuts (4) and two position correcting frame connecting screw rods (5);

and/or each fixed end outer limiting block (16) is in threaded connection with two fixed end outer limiting block fastening screws (20) and two fixed end outer limiting block fastening nuts (21), and the height of each threaded connection is lower than the outer surface of each fixed end outer limiting block (16).

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a shock motor (2), said shock motor (2) being located above the heat treatment support base (1);

the excitation motor (2) is arranged for providing vibration for the aluminum alloy casting (23), so that the step of stress relief treatment of vibration aging can be completed conveniently.

5. A method of thermal mechanical correction of an aluminum alloy casting, the method comprising the steps of:

(i) fixing the aluminum alloy casting (23) subjected to the solution quenching treatment in the thermal-state mechanical correction device;

(ii) adjusting a fixed end limiting screw (17) in the thermal state mechanical correcting device, controlling the gap distance between a fixed end conformal pressing block (12) and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting (23), pushing a correcting end bearing pressing plate (8), and enabling a correcting end conformal pressing block (6) to be tightly attached to the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting (23);

then, the thermal state mechanical correction device is placed in the middle of a lower pressure table (27) and an upper pressure table (28) of the hydraulic press, the hydraulic press is started to synchronously act on a correction end bearing plate (8) and a fixed end outer limiting block (16) farthest away from the correction end bearing plate, and thermal state mechanical correction of a specific area of the aluminum alloy casting (23) is completed;

after all the correcting end bearing plates (8) and the fixed end outer limiting blocks (16) at the symmetrical positions are subjected to thermal state mechanical correction by adopting a hydraulic machine, the aluminum alloy casting (23) is rotated by 360/N degrees in the vertical direction, the steps are repeated, and then the thermal state mechanical correction of the whole area of the aluminum alloy casting (23) can be completed, wherein the number of the repeated steps is N/2, and N is the number of edges of the correcting frame.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (i), the solution quenching heat treatment is a solution heat treatment in which the aluminum alloy casting is placed in a solution heat furnace; the charging temperature of the aluminum alloy casting<At 100 ℃, the temperature of the solution heat-preservation heat treatment is (T) _{Ternary eutectic melting} -3) DEG C, the time of the solid solution heat preservation heat treatment is 14 h-18 h, and the heating rate of the solid solution heat preservation heat treatment is 2.5 DEG C.min ^-1 ～4.0℃·min ^-1 The quenching transfer time is less than or equal to 15s, the quenching medium is water or polyethylene glycol, and the temperature of the quenching medium is 30-50 ℃;

and/or in the step (ii), the gap distance between the fixed end conformal pressing block (12) and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy casting (23) is controlled within the range of 0.5 mm-1.0 mm;

and/or in step (ii), the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic machine is 100T-500T, and the pressing speed of the hydraulic machine is 0.5mm DEGs ^-1 ～2.0mm·s ^-1 。

7. The method for preparing the high-strength and high-toughness complex curved surface aluminum alloy casting is characterized by comprising the step of carrying out thermal-state mechanical correction on the aluminum alloy casting by using the thermal-state mechanical correction device, wherein the thermal-state mechanical correction method is as claimed in claim 5 or 6.

8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, further comprising the steps of:

(iii) carrying out vibration aging stress relief treatment on the aluminum alloy casting (23) subjected to thermal state mechanical correction;

(iv) and placing the aluminum alloy casting (23) subjected to the vibration aging stress relief treatment in an aging heat preservation furnace for aging heat treatment to complete the preparation of the high-strength and high-toughness complex curved surface aluminum alloy casting.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (iii), the frequency of the exciting motor is 40Hz to 600Hz, and the rotating speed of the exciting motor is 1500 r-min ^-1 ～7500r·min ^-1 The vibration acceleration of the exciting motor is 10m.s ^-2 ～80m.s ^-2 The exciting force of the exciting motor is 1000N-5000N, and the exciting time of the exciting motor is 20 min-40 min;

and/or, in step (iv), the charging temperature of the aluminum alloy casting<The heat preservation temperature of the aging heat treatment is 160-180 ℃ at 100 ℃, and the heating rate of the aging heat treatment is 1.5 ℃ min ^-1 ～2.0℃·min ^-1 The heat preservation time of the aging heat treatment is 6-10 h, and the steel plate is discharged from a furnace for air cooling after the heat preservation of the aging heat treatment is finished.

10. A high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy casting with a complex curved surface structure, which is prepared by the method of any one of claims 7 to 9.

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