CN115553463A - 一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法 - Google Patents
一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β‑胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法，属于微胶囊领域。本发明通过微胶囊包埋技术，对β‑胡萝卜素进行包埋，生产出形态特征良好，形状为球星，表面形态光滑无褶皱，尺寸分布均匀，大小适中的微胶囊，以期为使用微胶囊造粒仪包埋β‑胡萝卜素提供指导，拓宽微胶囊造粒仪的应用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微胶囊领域，具体涉及一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法。
背景技术
β-胡萝卜素是一种从植物中提取的脂溶性天然色素，在绝大多数国家，它都是存在于水果和蔬菜中最常见的一种类胡萝卜素，因此它是被研究最广泛的一种类胡萝卜素，具有改善视力，预防夜盲症、干眼症，提高免疫力，抗氧化，抗衰老，预防心脏病和某些癌症的作用。但β-胡萝卜素非常不稳定，在具有光、热，氧等环境条件下，其活性半衰期会明显缩短。因此保证其加工、运输、贮藏乃至消化吸收过程中的活性，通过使用一种温和有效的方法，对其进行包埋保护和递送是必要的。
海藻酸钠是由古洛糖醛酸和甘露糖醛酸聚合而成的多糖聚合物，它可以与二价或三价的阳离子交联形成水凝胶，因其反应条件温和，凝胶紧密包裹性好，操作过程简单，被广泛应用于微胶囊化技术。以在食品中最常选用Ca2+作为交联剂，这种交联结构通常被描述成“蛋盒模型”。但值得注意的是，这种海藻酸钠与阳离子凝胶化的方法在包埋水溶性物质和酶类物质时会存在包埋率相对较低和酶类失活等问题，因此并不适于直接包埋上述类别物质，但对脂溶性物质的包埋效果较好，经常被用于包埋脂溶性营养物质、精油等，因此选用此方法包埋β-胡萝卜素。
对于油性材料的微胶囊化包埋，目前主要有锐孔简单挤压、喷雾干燥、微流控等方法。微流控法的主要缺点是与其他油性物质微胶囊化方法相比产量过低。而直接将包埋油性物质的乳液进行高温造粉的喷雾干燥法，也具有装置成本高、微胶囊尺寸分布大，使温度敏感型油性物质的氧化和挥发等缺点。而锐孔简单挤压法会在微胶囊中形成芯材的多核分布，而芯材所占微胶囊的体积却非常有限，导致包埋率很低。而本实验中所使用的微胶囊造粒仪可运用共挤压技术，共挤压技术与之相比，微胶囊中的芯材为单核，但芯材占微胶囊的体积却大幅度增加，能够有效利用壁材原料，包埋率有效提高。并且微胶囊造粒仪上的震动单元也可使微胶囊造粒数量大幅增加，且使制得的微胶囊尺寸分布均匀狭窄。
本发明通过微胶囊包埋技术，对β-胡萝卜素进行包埋，生产出形态特征良好，形状为球型，表面形态光滑无褶皱，尺寸分布均匀，大小适中的微胶囊，以期为使用微胶囊造粒仪包埋β-胡萝卜素提供指导，拓宽微胶囊造粒仪的应用范围。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的最适包埋工艺。该发明可为使用微胶囊造粒仪进行双喷嘴共挤压包埋功能性物质提供指导，为包埋功能性物质起到了参考作用。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现。
一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法，其特征在于，包括下列工艺参数组分：海藻酸钠浓度为0.5-2.5％、氯化钙浓度为1.0-5.0％、固化时间为10-90min、震动频率为500-2500Hz，采用如下步骤制备：
(1)称取200mg的β-胡萝卜素，加入100ml葵花籽油，在50℃下搅拌20min制得2mg/ml的β-胡萝卜素溶液作为芯材溶液。随后称取一定量的海藻酸钠溶于100ml蒸馏水中，搅拌至溶解，作为壁材溶液；
(2)将芯材溶液和壁材溶液分别加入到两个耐压瓶中，微胶囊造粒机壁材喷嘴孔径选用450μm，芯材喷嘴孔径选用350μm,喷嘴与固化溶液液面间距离为10cm,调节流速调节阀，使芯材和壁材流速比为1:3，芯材与壁材溶液被抽吸混合后，经过包埋机实验设定频率的震动与电极片的静电作用，分散成微胶囊液滴，滴入配好浓度的氯化钙溶液中进行固化，固化一定时间后微胶囊成型，用滤布过滤出微胶囊，并用蒸馏水反复冲洗去除残留的Ca2+，常温干燥后4℃贮存。
制作β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的最佳工艺参数为：海藻酸钠浓度为2.0％、氯化钙浓度为3.0％、固化时间为30min、震动频率为1000Hz。
采用本发明方法制备的微胶囊制备方法简单，具有形态特征良好，形状为球型，表面形态光滑无褶皱，尺寸分布均匀，大小适中等特点。
具体实施方式
实施例1一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的制备方法步骤为：
(1)称取200mg的β-胡萝卜素，加入100ml葵花籽油，在50℃下搅拌20min制得2mg/ml的β-胡萝卜素溶液作为芯材溶液。随后称取1.0％的海藻酸钠溶于100ml蒸馏水中，搅拌至溶解，作为壁材溶液；
(2)将芯材溶液和壁材溶液分别加入到两个耐压瓶中，微胶囊造粒机壁材喷嘴孔径选用450μm，芯材喷嘴孔径选用350μm,喷嘴与固化溶液液面间距离为10cm,调节流速调节阀，使芯材和壁材流速比为1:3，芯材与壁材溶液被抽吸混合后，经过包埋机实验设定频率的震动为500Hz，分散成微胶囊液滴，滴入1.0％浓度的氯化钙溶液中进行固化，固化10min后微胶囊成型，用滤布过滤出微胶囊，并用蒸馏水反复冲洗去除残留的Ca2+，常温干燥后4℃贮存。
实施例2一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的制备方法步骤为：
(1)称取200mg的β-胡萝卜素，加入100ml葵花籽油，在50℃下搅拌20min制得2mg/ml的β-胡萝卜素溶液作为芯材溶液。随后称取2.0％的海藻酸钠溶于100ml蒸馏水中，搅拌至溶解，作为壁材溶液；
(2)将芯材溶液和壁材溶液分别加入到两个耐压瓶中，微胶囊造粒机壁材喷嘴孔径选用450μm，芯材喷嘴孔径选用350μm,喷嘴与固化溶液液面间距离为10cm,调节流速调节阀，使芯材和壁材流速比为1:3，芯材与壁材溶液被抽吸混合后，经过包埋机实验设定频率的震动为1000Hz，分散成微胶囊液滴，滴入3.0％浓度的氯化钙溶液中进行固化，固化30min后微胶囊成型，用滤布过滤出微胶囊，并用蒸馏水反复冲洗去除残留的Ca2+，常温干燥后4℃贮存。
实施例3一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的制备方法步骤为：
(1)称取200mg的β-胡萝卜素，加入100ml葵花籽油，在50℃下搅拌20min制得2mg/ml的β-胡萝卜素溶液作为芯材溶液。随后称取2.5％的海藻酸钠溶于100ml蒸馏水中，搅拌至溶解，作为壁材溶液；
(2)将芯材溶液和壁材溶液分别加入到两个耐压瓶中，微胶囊造粒机壁材喷嘴孔径选用450μm，芯材喷嘴孔径选用350μm,喷嘴与固化溶液液面间距离为10cm,调节流速调节阀，使芯材和壁材流速比为1:3，芯材与壁材溶液被抽吸混合后，经过包埋机实验设定频率的震动为1500Hz，分散成微胶囊液滴，滴入5.0％浓度的氯化钙溶液中进行固化，固化50min后微胶囊成型，用滤布过滤出微胶囊，并用蒸馏水反复冲洗去除残留的Ca2+，常温干燥后4℃贮存。
对上述实例下制得的β-胡萝卜素微胶囊进行对比，发现在实例2下的β-胡萝卜素微胶囊具有良好的形态特征，球形率高，包埋率高等特点。
Claims (3)
1.一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法，其特征在于，包括下列工艺参数组分：海藻酸钠浓度为0.5-2.5％、氯化钙浓度为1.0-5.0％、固化时间为10-90min、震动频率为500-2500Hz。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法，其特征在于，操作步骤为：
(1)称取200mg的β-胡萝卜素，加入100ml葵花籽油，在50℃下搅拌20min制得2mg/ml的β-胡萝卜素溶液作为芯材溶液。后称取一定量的海藻酸钠溶于100ml蒸馏水中，搅拌至溶解，作为壁材溶液；
(2)将芯材溶液和壁材溶液分别加入到两个耐压瓶中，微胶囊造粒机壁材喷嘴孔径选用450μm，芯材喷嘴孔径选用350μm,喷嘴与固化溶液液面间距离为10cm,调节流速调节阀，使芯材和壁材流速比为1:3，芯材与壁材溶液被抽吸混合后，经过包埋机实验设定频率的震动与电极片的静电作用，分散成微胶囊液滴，滴入配好浓度的氯化钙溶液中进行固化，固化一定时间后微胶囊成型，用滤布过滤出微胶囊，并用蒸馏水反复冲洗去除残留的Ca2+，常温干燥后4℃贮存。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种使用微胶囊造粒仪制备β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的方法，其特征在于，制作β-胡萝卜素微胶囊的最佳工艺参数为：海藻酸钠浓度为2.0％、氯化钙浓度为3.0％、固化时间为30min、震动频率为1000Hz。
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