CN115531598A - 一种3d打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种3d打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN115531598A
CN115531598A CN202211336236.3A CN202211336236A CN115531598A CN 115531598 A CN115531598 A CN 115531598A CN 202211336236 A CN202211336236 A CN 202211336236A CN 115531598 A CN115531598 A CN 115531598A
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吴正国
周华
覃筱茜
王晓童
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶及其制备方法与应用。该方法包括:以醛基化纳米纤维素为原料,向其中加入羟基积草雪苷进行羟醛缩合反应,获得羟基积草雪苷化纳米纤维素;将海藻酸加入到羟基积草雪苷化纤维素中,得到纤维素基3D打印外层墨水;将甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖、Ti3C2Tx、Cu2+混合均匀,得到壳聚糖基内层打印墨水;而后通过同轴打印、固化、真空冷冻干燥,获得羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血复合气凝胶。本发明获得的羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血气凝胶,孔隙结构丰富、通道连贯,快速止血。

Description

一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶及其制备方法与 应用
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医用材料领域,具体涉及一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,不受控制的出血仍然是患者死亡的主要原因,在急诊救治中,止血是重中之重,患者的生存率在很大程度上与出血能否得到有效控制相关,为了更好地控制创伤的出血,研究者们开发了系列止血材料,市场上已有许多产品,如沸石粉、纱布、明胶海绵、止血带等。虽然它们都具有止血功能,但仍存在许多不足。
豆粕是豆制品生产过程中产生的副产物,主要成分为纤维素。但长期以来豆粕利用率低下、产品附加值低。因此,豆粕的高值化利用是亟待解决的关键问题,而将豆粕预处理后利用其开发高价值的生物可降解医用材料是一种有效的途径。壳聚糖是一种天然的聚阳离子多糖,具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性,是一种有吸引力的伤口护理材料,适合用作止血。然而,尽管壳聚糖具有止血和抗菌的双重性质,但止血效果不显著,愈创能力弱,难以满足战创伤止血和临床快速止血的要求。
如何将纤维素与壳聚糖更好结合用于医用止血材料中是关键的问题。3D打印技术是一种可灵活构筑微结构的技术,借助3D打印的制作方式,精确而便利地为患者提供各种创伤类型的止血材料,满足生物医学材料高端化需求。因此,可利用同轴3D打印技术构造壳核纤维结构,获得多功能化的止血材料,改善止血效果、促进伤后的快速愈合。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供了一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶及其制备方法。具体为高效、快速止血,抗炎、抗菌,促进伤口快速愈合的羟基积草雪苷化纤维素复合气凝胶。该制备方法利用羟醛缩合改性纤维素,羟基积草雪苷抗炎特性,MXeneTi3C2Tx的大比表面积、负电性、光热性能,铜离子的抗菌、促伤口愈合性能,制备得到具有快速止血、高效促愈合的纤维素复合气凝胶。本发明提供的复合气凝胶是一种医疗止血促愈合用复合气凝胶。
本发明的目的至少通过如下技术方案之一实现。
本发明提供的3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶的制备方法,以羟基积草雪苷化醛基化纳米纤维素/海藻酸为3D打印外层墨水,甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖、Ti3C2Tx、Cu2+混合溶液为内层打印墨水,通过同轴打印、固化、真空冷冻干燥,获得羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血复合气凝胶。通过物理微观结构、羟基积草雪苷、Ti3C2Tx、Cu2+的协同作用,实现了3D打印复合气凝胶止血、抗炎、抗菌的多重功效。
一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)利用高碘酸钠氧化纤维素,避光反应,形成醛基化纤维素;将醛基化纤维素加入水中,分散均匀,得到醛基化纤维素溶液;而后向醛基化纤维素溶液中加入羟基积草雪苷溶液,在碱性下进行反应,纯化后,得到羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液;
(2)将海藻酸钠加入步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液中,混合均匀,消除气泡,得到外层打印墨水;
(3)配置甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液中,往溶液中加入Ti3C2Tx溶液和光引发剂,混合均匀,而后加入铜离子溶液,混合均匀,得到壳聚糖基内层墨水;
(4)将步骤(2)所述外层打印墨水和步骤(3)所述壳聚糖基内层墨水通过同轴3D打印,并经固化、真空冷冻干燥,得到所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
本发明技术方案中,步骤(1)所述高碘酸钠浓度为1-10mmol/g,避光反应时间为10-60h,反应温度为20-45℃;所述醛基化纤维素溶液的质量分数为0.5-5%。
本发明技术方案中,步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷溶液的浓度为0.01-0.3g/mL;所述醛基化纤维素与羟基积草雪苷的质量比为1:1~1:15;所述碱性下进行反应的时间为2-24h,反应温度为10-90℃。
本发明技术方案中,步骤(2)所述海藻酸钠的粘度为200±20mpa.s;所述海藻酸钠质量占步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液质量的0.5-20%。
本发明技术方案中,步骤(3)所述甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液质量分数为0.5-3%;所述Ti3C2Tx溶液的浓度为0.5-20g/L;所述铜离子浓度为0.05-1mol/L;所述甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与Ti3C2Tx溶液的体积比为50:1-4:1;所述甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与铜离子溶液的体积比为50:1-10:1。
本发明技术方案中,步骤(4)所述3D同轴打印的打印压力为0.1-0.8Mpa;所述外层打印墨水的打印速率为1-15mm/s;所述壳聚糖基内层墨水的打印速率为1-10mL/h。
本发明技术方案中,步骤(3)所述光引发剂是2959光引发剂,其用量是甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖的0.05-0.5wt%。
一种上述的制备方法制得的3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
本发明提供的3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶能够应用在战伤、创伤急救的各种创面以及腔道快速止血和创面愈合等方面中。本发明提供的3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素复合气凝胶具有高效、快速止血,抗炎、抗菌促创面愈合特性。
本发明利用3D打印技术构筑微纳米结构,改善气凝胶物理吸附止血的效果;利用羟醛缩合反应改性纤维素,将具有抗炎作用的羟基积草雪苷修饰在纤维素上,以减缓伤口的炎症;铜离子的抗菌特性,解决复合气凝胶抗菌活性弱的问题;Ti3C2Tx二维片层材料与壳聚糖的表、界面效应,解决气凝胶力学强度弱、柔韧性差等缺点,以及光热特性控制抗菌活性成分的释放、达到可控持久抗菌的效果,拓展豆粕纤维素、壳聚糖在生物医药材料领域的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点和有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的制备方法,使用的原料:豆粕纤维素、海藻酸钠、壳聚糖等均为生物质多糖,绿色天然、来源广泛、价格低廉;
(2)本发明提供的制备方法,采用优异抗炎作用的羟基积草雪苷修饰纤维素,赋予纤维素功能化,提供其应用价值;
(3)本发明提供的制备方法,采用Ti3C2Tx二维纳米片,有丰富负电荷、安全无毒、性能稳定,与壳聚糖形成多维交织作用;且Cu2+作为活性位点,与壳聚糖、MXene间作用,形成点-线-面的拓扑结构,改善了气凝胶的力学性能,拓展了其应用;
(4)本发明提供的制备方法,采用同轴3D打印的方式构筑包埋结构,结合MXene光热特性,以调控抗菌活性成分铜离子的释放,达到按需释放、安全、长效抗菌的效果。
附图说明
图1是实施例2得到的纤维素复合气凝胶微观结构图;
图2是实施例2得到的纤维素复合气凝胶的吸水润胀率数据图;
图3是实施例2得到的纤维素复合气凝胶凝血指数的数据图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例及附图对本发明技术方案作进一步详细说明,但本发明实施例及保护范围不限于此。
本发明技术方案中所述的碱性条件是pH值为7~9。
实施例1
一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)利用高碘酸钠氧化(1mmol/g)纤维素(20℃温度下避光反应10h),形成醛基化纤维素;将醛基化纤维素加入水中,分散均匀,获得0.5%的醛基化纤维素溶液,而后向其中加入0.01g/mL的羟基积草雪苷溶液(醛基化纤维素与羟基积草雪苷的质量比为1:1),在碱性下进行反应(反应时间为2h,反应温度为10℃),纯化后,得到羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液;
(2)将浓度为0.5%的海藻酸钠(粘度为200±20mpa.s)加入步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维溶液中,混合均匀,消除气泡,得到外层打印墨水;
(3)配置0.5%的甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液中,往溶液中加入0.5g/L的Ti3C2Tx(甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与Ti3C2Tx溶液的体积比为50:1),添加引发剂2959(用量是甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖的0.05wt%),混合均匀,而后加入0.05mol/L铜离子溶液(甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与铜离子溶液的体积比为50:1),混合均匀,得到壳聚糖基内层墨水;
(4)将步骤(2)所述外层打印墨水和步骤(3)所述壳聚糖基内层墨水通过同轴3D打印,同轴3D打印的压力为0.1Mpa,内层打印速率为1mL/h,外层打印速率为1mm/s;并经紫外光固化,固化30s,而后真空冷冻干燥,得到所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
实施例2
一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)利用高碘酸钠氧化(6mmol/g)纤维素(40℃温度下避光反应48h),形成醛基化纤维素;将醛基化纤维素加入水中,分散均匀,获得2%的醛基化纤维素溶液,而后向其中加入0.1g/mL的羟基积草雪苷(醛基化纤维素与羟基积草雪苷的质量比为1:10),在碱性下进行反应(反应时间为12h,反应温度为30℃),纯化后,得到羟基积草雪苷化纤维素;
(2)将浓度为10%的海藻酸钠加入步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维溶液中,混合均匀,消除气泡,得到外层打印墨水;
(3)配置1%的甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液中,往溶液中加入5g/L的Ti3C2Tx(甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与Ti3C2Tx溶液的体积比为10:1),添加引发剂2959(用量是甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖的0.01wt%),混合均匀,而后加入0.2mol/L铜离子溶液(甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与铜离子溶液的体积比为25:1),混合均匀,得到壳聚糖基内层墨水;
(4)将步骤(2)所述外层打印墨水和步骤(3)所述壳聚糖基内层墨水通过同轴3D打印,同轴3D打印的压力为0.4Mpa,内层打印速率为5mL/h,外层打印速率为5mm/s;并经紫外光固化,固化3min,而后真空冷冻干燥,得到所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
实施例2制备的羟基积草雪苷化纤维素复合气凝胶的微观形貌数据图如图1所示,由图1可知,3D打印复合气凝胶的宏观结构很稳定,边缘规则、无坍塌现象,表面所配置的墨水具有优异的打印性能。另外,复合气凝胶内部呈现出复杂纵向交错的微纳结构,这种结构更有利于血液的进入、富集,达到快速止血的效果。
实施例2制备的羟基积草雪苷化纤维素复合气凝胶的吸水润胀率数据图如图2所示,由图2可知,纤维素复合气凝胶表现出较高的吸水润胀率,达到1300%以上,这是由于核层壳聚糖以及亲水性的MXene形成的微结构、自身与水的亲和性进一步锁住水分子,说明其对血液具有优异的吸附浓缩性。
实施例2制备的羟基积草雪苷化纤维素复合气凝胶的凝血指数如图3所示,由图3可知,与空白组、纤维素气凝胶凝血指数相比,纤维素复合气凝胶呈现出较低的凝血指数,表明其具有优异的止血性能。图1、图2及图3中的纤维素气凝胶为纯羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶,没有中间壳聚糖/MXene/Cu2+核层;纤维素复合气凝胶是所述3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
实施例3
一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)利用高碘酸钠氧化(10mmol/g)纤维素(45℃温度下避光反应60h),形成醛基化纤维素;将醛基化纤维素加入水中,分散均匀,获得5%的醛基化纤维素溶液,而后向其中加入0.3g/mL的羟基积草雪苷(醛基化纤维素与羟基积草雪苷的质量比为1:15),在碱性下进行反应(反应时间为24h,反应温度为90℃),纯化后,得到羟基积草雪苷化纤维素;
(2)将浓度为20%的海藻酸钠加入步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维溶液中,混合均匀,消除气泡,得到外层打印墨水;
(3)配置3%的甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液中,往溶液中加入20g/L的Ti3C2Tx(甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与Ti3C2Tx溶液的体积比为4:1),添加引发剂2959(用量是甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖的0.5wt%),混合均匀,而后加入1mol/L铜离子溶液(甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与铜离子溶液的体积比为10:1),混合均匀,得到壳聚糖基内层墨水;
(4)将步骤(2)所述外层打印墨水和步骤(3)所述壳聚糖基内层墨水通过同轴3D打印,同轴3D打印的压力为0.8Mpa,内层打印速率为10mL/h,外层打印速率为15mm/s;并经紫外光固化,固化10min,而后真空冷冻干燥,得到所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
以上实施例仅为本发明较优的实施方式,仅用于解释本发明,而非限制本发明,本领域技术人员在未脱离本发明精神实质下所作的改变、替换、修饰等均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素气凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)利用高碘酸钠氧化纤维素,避光反应,形成醛基化纤维素;将醛基化纤维素加入水中,分散均匀,得到醛基化纤维素溶液;而后向醛基化纤维素溶液中加入羟基积草雪苷溶液,在碱性下进行反应,纯化后,得到羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液;
(2)将海藻酸钠加入步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液中,混合均匀,消除气泡,得到外层打印墨水;
(3)配置甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液中,往溶液中加入Ti3C2Tx溶液和光引发剂,混合均匀,而后加入铜离子溶液,混合均匀,得到壳聚糖基内层墨水;
(4)将步骤(2)所述外层打印墨水和步骤(3)所述壳聚糖基内层墨水通过同轴3D打印,并经固化、真空冷冻干燥,得到所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述高碘酸钠浓度为1-10mmol/g,避光反应时间为10-60h,反应温度为20-45℃;所述醛基化纤维素溶液的质量分数为0.5-5%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷溶液的浓度为0.01-0.3g/mL;所述醛基化纤维素与羟基积草雪苷的质量比为1:1~1:15;所述碱性下进行反应的时间为2-24h,反应温度为10-90℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述海藻酸钠的粘度为200±20mpa.s;所述海藻酸钠质量占步骤(1)所述羟基积草雪苷化纤维素溶液质量的0.5-20%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液质量分数为0.5-3%;所述Ti3C2Tx溶液的浓度为0.5-20g/L;所述铜离子浓度为0.05-1mol/L;所述甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与Ti3C2Tx溶液的体积比为50:1-4:1;所述甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖溶液与铜离子溶液的体积比为50:1-10:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述3D同轴打印的打印压力为0.1-0.8Mpa;所述外层打印墨水的打印速率为1-15mm/s;所述壳聚糖基内层墨水的打印速率为1-10mL/h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述光引发剂是2959光引发剂,其用量是甲基丙烯酰化壳聚糖的0.05-0.5wt%。
8.一种由权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法制得的3D打印羟基积草雪苷化纤维素止血、抗炎、抗菌复合气凝胶。
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