CN115529892B

CN115529892B - Method for sprouting of gleditsia villosa seeds

Info

Publication number: CN115529892B
Application number: CN202211261689.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 旷仁平; 舒慧娟; 刘克明; 梁晓丽
Original assignee: Hunan Normal University
Current assignee: Hunan Normal University
Priority date: 2022-10-14
Filing date: 2022-10-14
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-14
Also published as: CN115529892A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for sprouting of Chinese honeylocust seeds, which comprises the steps of hot water soaking treatment at 60-95 ℃, bed placement, cultivation and the like.

Description

Method for sprouting of gleditsia villosa seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, in particular to a method for sprouting gleditsia sinensis seeds.

Background

The Chinese honeylocust is a very dangerous (CR) tree species in the 'red directory of endangered species of the world natural protection Consortium' (IUCN), enjoys the name of 'panda in plant kingdom', belongs to the first-class protection wild plants of China and is a ten-year endangered species of China, and only 9 wild Chinese honeylocust is stored in the south of the world. Wherein the most original tree is as old as 310 years, and is hollow and endangered. The Gleditsia sinensis is a relatively original group of Gleditsia sinensis of Caesalpiniaceae, and has important value in researching the phylogenetic development of the whole leguminosae. Meanwhile, the gleditsia sinensis has high medicinal value, economic value and ornamental value. The thorns and fruits can be used as medicines; the wood material is hard and not easy to break, so that the wood is a good furniture material; the fruit pods are rich in pancreatic saponin, and can be used as a detergent for silk and furniture; the crown is beautiful, the pods are densely covered with golden yellow fluff, and the pods can be used as excellent ornamental tree species for courtyards.

Researches show that the endangered cause of the gleditsia sinensis is mainly that the natural germination rate of seeds is extremely low and the self-reproductive capacity is weak. Although the pod seeds of the villus gleditsia sinensis are more in fruiting quantity, about 20-30 seeds are contained in one pod, the pod seeds are difficult to open under natural conditions, and the seed husks are particularly hard and rich in waxy structures, so that the external moisture is difficult to infiltrate; meanwhile, the gleditsia fruit is easy to be damaged by insect, one of main pests is gleditsia sinensis bean weevil, the interior of the seed can be bitten into a cavity by damaging the seed by boring, so that the seed is lost in vigor, and the pest control difficulty is high. Therefore, the Gleditsia sinensis seeds are difficult to germinate into seedlings under natural conditions, and the natural updating is very slow. Domestic scholars have carried out a great deal of research on rescuing the rare tree species, such as cuttage, grafting, tissue culture and the like, and scholars have extremely low germination rate through seed propagation modes. It is therefore highly desirable to develop methods that increase the germination rate of Gleditsia sinensis seeds.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, based on the background, the method provided by the invention is simple to operate, can greatly improve the germination rate of the gleditsia sinensis seeds, and has important practical significance for protecting and breeding the gleditsia sinensis germplasm resources.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a method for sprouting of gleditsia villosa seeds, comprising the steps of:

s1: pretreatment of

Soaking the gleditsia sinensis seeds in hot water at 60-95 ℃ for 10-30min, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, and continuously soaking for 24h;

s2: bed for placing bed

Covering two layers of filter paper or absorbent cotton on a culture dish, dripping distilled water with a dropper, and keeping the humidity at 60-75%;

transferring the treated gleditsia sinensis seeds into a culture dish;

s3: culturing at 23-25deg.C until seeds sprout.

Preferably, the hot water temperature in step S1 is 60 ℃ to 85 ℃.

Preferably, the hot water temperature in step S1 is 80℃and the soaking time is 20min.

Preferably, the humidity of the filter paper or absorbent cotton in steps S2 and S3 is controlled to 70%.

Preferably, the incubation period in step S3 is 2-9 days.

By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are as follows:

according to the invention, through the treatment of soaking the gleditsia sinensis seeds in hot water in advance, then cultivating the seeds for sprouting, the highest sprouting rate can reach 68.89% through test verification, compared with the existing seed propagation technology, the sprouting rate is remarkably improved, and the method is simple to operate, low in cost and strong in operability, can be beneficial to obtaining more seedlings in a short time, and has very important practical significance for protecting and breeding the gleditsia sinensis germplasm resources.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 shows the conditions after the examples were respectively subjected to hot water soaking treatment at 80℃and 85℃and 90℃for 10min, 20min and 30min for 2 days;

FIG. 2 shows germination conditions after the example is respectively treated at 80 ℃ for 10min, 85 ℃ for 20min and 30min and then cultured for 9 days;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of seed size morphology according to various embodiments; wherein figure a is seed without hot water treatment; FIG. b shows imbibed seeds after hot water treatment; panels c-e are germinated seeds;

FIG. 4 is a photograph showing seedlings grown after conventional management after transplanting example germinated seeds into sandy soil.

Detailed Description

Reference now will be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are described below. Each example is provided by way of explanation, not limitation, of the invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used on another embodiment to yield still a further embodiment.

Accordingly, it is intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Other objects, features and aspects of the present invention will be disclosed in or be apparent from the following detailed description. It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention. The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.

Example 1: in the embodiment, the effects of different times on the germination rate of the gleditsia sinensis seeds under the soaking of hot water with gradient temperature are verified

The Gleditsia sinensis seeds of this example were obtained from several mature seeds of the original seeds harvested in 2021 years from Hunan bioelectricity professional college (28℃11 '16.91'; 113℃5 '7.91'; 36m altitude) in Hunan, hunan province, and were brought back to the laboratory, removed of pericarps and impurities, and were then stored in a cool and dry room after tedding for later use.

The experiments of this example were performed at the end of 3 months to 6 months.

Hot water temperature gradient setting:

the hot water is respectively arranged at 60 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃,85 ℃, 90 ℃ and 95 ℃, and the temperature of the hot water is controlled by a water bath kettle; each temperature is a set.

The experimental process comprises the following steps:

1) Pretreatment of

Placing 3 beakers in the water bath at each temperature, adding distilled water into the beakers, when the temperature of the distilled water is consistent with that of the water bath, placing 30 seeds in each beaker for soaking, taking out one beaker in each group after 10min, taking out one beaker after 20min, taking out one beaker after 30min, naturally cooling the taken beaker to room temperature, and continuously soaking the seeds for 24h.

2) Bed for placing bed

Two layers of filter paper or absorbent cotton are covered on a culture dish, distilled water is dripped on the culture dish by a dropper, the humidity is kept at about 70%, then the treated gleditsia sinensis seeds are transferred into the culture dish, 30 seeds are placed in each culture dish, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, 54 times are repeated, and all label paper is attached.

3) After the treatment, the culture dish is put into a constant temperature of 23-25 ℃ for cultivation until seeds germinate.

The management and recording operation of step 3) is as follows:

the humidity in the dishes was checked every day, and distilled water was added to maintain it at 70% humidity. And (3) carrying out observation record for 1 time every day, picking out mildewed seeds in time, flushing the mildewed seeds with clear water, and placing the mildewed seeds back into a germination dish after the mildewed seeds are flushed, wherein filter paper is replaced in time when the mildewed seeds are more.

The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 influence of different temperature hot water treatments on germination of Gleditsia sinensis seeds

Germination percentage (%) = (number of germinated seeds/number of tested seeds) ×100% in table 1;

swelling ratio (%) = (number of swelled seeds/number of tested seeds) ×100%;

average germination rate (%) = Σgermination rate/number of repeated experiments;

average swelling ratio (%) = Σswellingratio/number of repeated experiments;

as can be seen from Table 1, the high temperature water treatment can soften the seed coat, accelerate the water absorption process of the seeds, promote the germination of the embryo and break the dormancy of the seeds.

Wherein:

(1) The germination rate and the swelling rate of the seeds are increased along with the temperature rise after the hot water soaking treatment of the Gleditsia sinensis seeds at 60 ℃ to 85 ℃, the germination rate of the seeds is reduced along with the temperature rise after the temperature rise, the water absorption performance of the seeds is increased along with the temperature rise, and finally the water absorption performance of the seeds is stabilized at the highest value of 100%;

(2) The seeds are treated by hot water at 80 ℃ for 20min, which is most beneficial to the germination of the gleditsia sinensis seeds, and the germination rate can reach up to 68.89%;

(3) The germination rate of the seeds is reduced along with the increase of the temperature and the prolongation of the heating time, and the swelling rate is stable, so that the seed coats are broken at high temperature, the water absorption performance of the seeds is improved, but the vitality of the seed embryos is damaged for a long time, and the germination of the seeds is influenced.

From the attached figure 1, it can be seen that a small amount of seeds germinate after the velvet Mao Zaojia seeds are soaked in hot water at 80 ℃ and 85 ℃ and 90 ℃ for 2 days; as can be seen in FIG. 2, after 9 days of the velvet Mao Zaojia seed which had been subjected to the hot water soaking treatment at 80℃and 85℃and 90℃more seeds were germinated and the primary leaf buds had grown.

FIG. 4 is a photograph showing that the survival rate of seedlings grown after conventional management is up to 80% after transplanting the sprouted Gleditsia sinensis seeds into sandy soil.

The current related researches on the propagation mode of the gleditsia sinensis seeds are as follows:

yuan Renkang characteristics and propagation technique of Gleditsia sinensis [ J ], chinese gardening article, 2009, (9), 160-161, which refers to techniques for propagation of Gleditsia sinensis seeds by "seed picking followed by storage of the seeds in sand with appropriate humidity until the last 3 months of 2. The seed 4 has a weight of 158g, and is firstly put into 0.15% formalin solution for disinfection, about 15min, put into a container for sealing for 2h, or soaked in 5% lime water for 30min and then washed. The seedling bed soil is sterilized by lime, and the pH value is preferably kept at about 5.5. Through tests of scientific researchers, the seeds are sowed in 3 months and 7 days in 1981, the buds start in 3 months and 26 days, and the germination period is up to more than 30 days. The embryo is easy to rot, the seedling blight is serious after the soil emergence, the 1% green vitriol liquid has a certain effect, the indoor germination rate is 50%, the growth is stopped at the bottom of 7 months to 8 months in the fast-growing period, the seedling grows up to 117cm in 1 year, and the average height is 60 cm to 70cm. And (5) nursery stock with the diameter of more than 1m is used for nursery-grown plant setting in winter. The method adopts more chemical agents, the indoor germination rate only reaches 50%, and the germination operation and the time period have larger correlation, so that the operation is limited.

Guo Chunlong, propagation method of Gleditsia sinensis [ J ], jiangxi forestry science and technology, 2004 (5), 12-14, this mentions that when the propagation method of Gleditsia sinensis seeds is mentioned, the operation is "under the condition that the Gleditsia sinensis seeds are ripe at the end of 10 months, the Gleditsia sinensis seeds are taken out and washed out in the last ten days of 3 months of the next year, sterilized with 0.15% formalin solution for about 15min, placed in a container for sealing for 2h, or soaked with 5% lime for 30min and washed, planted in a seedbed, seedling emergence starts about 20d, seedling emergence is even after one month, but the emergence rate is less than 10%. "the method adopted is consistent with Yuan Renkang, and the emergence rate is less than 10%.

Compared with the existing related gleditsia sinensis seeds for propagation, the invention does not involve chemical agents, has simpler and more convenient operation and low cost, and has the germination rate up to 68.89 percent, thus having remarkable improvement on the prior art.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

Claims

1. A method for sprouting of gleditsia villosa seeds, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: pretreatment of

Soaking the gleditsia sinensis seeds in hot water at 60-80 ℃ for 10-30min or in hot water at 85-95 ℃ for 10min, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, and continuously soaking for 24h;

s2: bed for placing bed

transferring the treated gleditsia sinensis seeds into a culture dish;

s3: culturing at 23-25deg.C until seeds sprout.

2. The method for germination of gleditsia sinensis seeds according to claim 1, wherein the hot water temperature in step S1 is 60 ℃ to 80 ℃.

3. The method for sprouting of gleditsia sinensis seeds according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the hot water temperature is 80 ℃ and the soaking time is 20min.

4. The method for sprouting of gleditsia sinensis seeds according to claim 1 wherein the humidity of the filter paper or absorbent cotton in the steps S2 and S3 is controlled to be 70%.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation time in step S3 is 2-9 days.