CN115529892A

CN115529892A - Method for sprouting Chinese honey locust seeds

Info

Publication number: CN115529892A
Application number: CN202211261689.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 旷仁平; 舒慧娟; 刘克明; 梁晓丽
Original assignee: Hunan Normal University
Current assignee: Hunan Normal University
Priority date: 2022-10-14
Filing date: 2022-10-14
Publication date: 2022-12-30
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-14
Also published as: CN115529892B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for sprouting Chinese honey locust seeds, which comprises the steps of hot water soaking treatment at 60-95 ℃, placing in a bed, cultivation and the like, wherein the Chinese honey locust seeds are treated by hot water soaking in advance, then the seeds are cultivated to sprout, and the sprouting rate can be as high as 68.89% at most through experimental verification.

Description

Method for sprouting Chinese honey locust seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, in particular to a method for sprouting Chinese honey locust seeds.

Background

The Gleditsia villosa is an extremely-dangerous (CR) tree species in the Red catalogue of endangered species of the world nature protection alliance (IUCN), enjoys the name of panda in the plant world, belongs to the national first-level protection wild plant and ten endangered species in China, and only the Nanyue exists 9 wild Gleditsia villosa in the world at present. The most original one is the one with the age of more than 310 years, which is hollow and is about to decay. Gleditsia villosa is a relatively primitive group of Gleditsia of Caesalpiniaceae, and has important value in studying phylogeny of whole Leguminosae. Meanwhile, the fructus gleditsiae villosa has high medicinal value, economic value and ornamental value. The thorn and fruit can be used as medicine; the wood material is hard and not easy to break, and is a good material for furniture; the fruit pods are rich in pancreatic saponin, and can be used as silk and furniture detergent; the tree crown is beautiful, the pod is densely covered by golden yellow villi, and the tree can be used as an excellent garden ornamental tree species.

According to research, the endangered reason of the Gleditsia villosa is mainly that the seeds have extremely low natural germination rate and weak self-reproduction capability. Although the seed setting amount of the gleditsia villosa is large, about 20-30 seeds exist in one pod, the pod is difficult to open under natural conditions, and the seed coat is particularly hard and rich in waxy structures, so that external moisture is difficult to soak; meanwhile, the gleditsia fruits are easily damaged by pests, one of the main pests is the gleditsia horrida, seeds can be damaged by boring, the inner parts of the seeds are bitten into cavities, so that the seeds lose vigor, and the pest control difficulty is high. Therefore, the Gleditsia villosa seeds are difficult to germinate and sprout under natural conditions, and the natural renewal is very slow. The domestic scholars conduct a great deal of research on rescuing the rare tree species, such as cuttage, grafting, tissue culture and the like, and the scholars also have extremely low germination rate through a seed propagation mode. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a method for increasing the germination rate of the gleditsia sinensis seeds.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, based on the background, the method provided by the invention is simple to operate, can greatly improve the germination rate of the Gleditsia villosa seeds, and has important practical significance for the protection and breeding of Gleditsia villosa germplasm resources.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a method for sprouting seeds of Gleditsia villosa comprises the following steps:

s1: pretreatment

Soaking the seeds of the Chinese honeylocust villus in hot water at the temperature of 60-95 ℃ for 10-30min, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, and continuing to soak for 24h;

s2: placing bed

Covering two layers of filter paper or absorbent cotton on a culture dish, and dripping distilled water by using a dropper, wherein the humidity is kept at 60-75%;

transferring the treated Gleditsia villosa seeds to a culture dish;

s3: culturing at 23-25 deg.C until the seeds germinate.

Preferably, the temperature of the hot water in step S1 is 60 to 85 ℃.

Preferably, the hot water temperature in step S1 is 80 ℃ and the soaking time is 20min.

Preferably, the humidity of the filter paper or the absorbent cotton in steps S2 and S3 is controlled to be 70%.

Preferably, the incubation period in step S3 is 2-9 days.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the gleditsia sinensis seeds are soaked in hot water in advance for treatment, then the seeds are cultured for germination, and tests prove that the germination rate can be as high as 68.89 at most, compared with the existing seed propagation technology, the germination rate is obviously improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows the state of the example after 2 days of culture in 80 deg.C, 85 deg.C, 90 deg.C hot water soaking treatment for 10min, 20min, 30min, respectively;

FIG. 2 shows germination conditions after culturing for 9 days after treatment at 80 deg.C and 85 deg.C for 10min, 20min and 30min in the examples;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the seed size patterns in different states according to the embodiment; wherein panel a is seeds that have not been subjected to a hot water treatment; FIG. b shows the seeds after hot water treatment; FIGS. c-e are germinating seeds;

FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the example after the germinated seeds are transplanted into sandy soil and conventionally managed, the seedlings are grown.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are described below. Each example is provided by way of explanation, not limitation, of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used on another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment.

It is therefore intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Other objects, features and aspects of the present invention are disclosed in or are apparent from the following detailed description. It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention. The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1: in the embodiment, the influence of different time on the germination rate of the gleditsia sinensis seeds is verified under the soaking of hot water with gradient temperature

The Gleditsia sinensis seed of this example was obtained from a few mature seeds of original seed harvested in 2021 years by the institute of Bio-electro-mechanical occupational sciences of Hunan, changsha, hunan, 28 '11' to 16.91 'north latitude, 113' 5 'to east longitude, 7.91' elevation 36m, and was taken back to the laboratory to remove pericarp and impurities, and was stored in a cool and dry place indoors after spreading for later use.

The experiment of this example was performed at the end of months 3 to months 6.

Hot water temperature gradient setting:

the hot water is respectively arranged at 60 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃,85 ℃, 90 ℃ and 95 ℃, and the water bath is adopted to control the temperature of the hot water; each temperature is a set.

The experimental process comprises the following steps:

1) Pretreatment

3 beakers are respectively placed in each water bath at each temperature, distilled water is added into the beakers, when the temperature of the distilled water is consistent with that of the water bath, 30 seeds are placed in each beaker for soaking, one beaker in each group is taken out after 10min, one beaker is taken out after 20min, one beaker is taken out after 30min, and the taken-out beaker is naturally cooled to room temperature and then is continuously soaked for 24h.

2) Placing bed

Two layers of filter paper or absorbent cotton are covered on the culture dish, distilled water is dripped on the culture dish by a dropper, the humidity is kept at about 70%, then the treated gleditsia sinensis seeds are transferred to the culture dish, 30 seeds are put in each culture dish, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, the total number is 54, and all label paper is pasted.

3) After the treatment, the culture dish is placed into a constant temperature condition of 23-25 ℃ for cultivation until the seeds germinate.

The management and recording operation of step 3) is as follows:

the humidity in the petri dish was checked every day, and distilled water was added to maintain it at 70% humidity. And (3) carrying out observation record for 1 time every day, picking out mildewed seeds in time, washing the slightly mildewed seeds with clear water, and putting the seeds into a germination dish after the seeds are washed clean, wherein the filter paper is required to be replaced in time when the number of the mildewed seeds is large.

The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Effect of different temperature hot water treatment on the Germination of Gleditsia villosa seeds

Germination rate (%) = (number of germinated seeds/number of test seeds) × 100% in table 1;

imbibition rate (%) = (number of imbibition seeds/number of test seeds) × 100%;

average germination (%) = ∑ germination/number of repeated experiments;

average swell ratio (%) = ∑ swell ratio/number of repeated experiments;

as can be seen from Table 1, the high temperature water treatment can soften the seed coat and accelerate the water absorption process of the seeds, thereby promoting the germination of the embryos and breaking the dormancy of the seeds.

Wherein:

(1) After 60-85 ℃ hot water soaking treatment is carried out on the Gleditsia sinensis seeds, the germination rate and the imbibition rate of the seeds are increased along with the increase of the temperature, the germination rate of the seeds is reduced along with the increase of the temperature after 85 ℃, the water absorption performance of the seeds is increased along with the increase of the temperature, and finally the seeds are stabilized at the maximum value of 100%;

(2) Treating seeds with 80 deg.C hot water for 20min, which is most beneficial to the germination of Gleditsia sinensis seeds, and the germination rate can reach 68.89%;

(3) The germination rate of the seeds is reduced and the imbibition rate is stable along with the increase of the temperature and the extension of the heating time, which should be that the high temperature breaks the seed coats to increase the water absorption performance of the seeds, but the too long time damages the vitality of the embryo of the seeds, thereby influencing the germination of the seeds.

In the attached figure 1, it can be seen that after the seeds of the cashmere Mao Zaojia are soaked in hot water at 80 ℃,85 ℃ and 90 ℃, a small amount of seeds germinate after 2 days; as can be seen in FIG. 2, the velvet Mao Zaojia seeds after being soaked in hot water at 80 deg.C, 85 deg.C and 90 deg.C have more seeds sprouting and have grown primary leaf buds after 9 days.

FIG. 4 shows photographs of seedlings grown after transplanting the germinated Gleditsia sinensis seeds into sandy soil and performing conventional management, and the survival rate can reach more than 80% as proved by experiments.

The current related researches on the breeding mode of the gleditsia villosa seeds include:

yuan Renkang, characterisation and propagation techniques of Gleditsia sinensis (J), chinese gardening article, 2009, (9), 160-161, which refers to the technique of propagating Gleditsia sinensis seeds by storing the seeds in sand with appropriate humidity after seed collection until 3 rd year. The weight of 4 grains of the seeds is 158g, the seeds are firstly put into 0.15 percent formalin solution for disinfection for about 15min, and the seeds are put into a container to be sealed for 2h or are washed after being soaked in 5 percent lime water for 30 min. The bed soil is mixed with quicklime for disinfection, and the pH value is preferably kept at about 5.5. Through the test of scientific researchers, the seeds are sown in 3 months and 7 days in 1981, the seeds begin to bud in 26 days in 3 months, and the germination period is as long as 30 days. The embryo is easy to rot, the damping off is serious after the embryo emerges, 1 percent of green vitriol liquid has certain effect, the indoor germination rate is 50 percent, the fast growth period is 7-8 months, the growth stops in 9 months, the 1-year-old seedling is as high as 117cm, and the average height is 60-70 cm. And (3) outplanting and planting the nursery stock with more than 1m of nursery stock in winter. The method adopts more chemical agents, the indoor germination rate of the method only reaches 50 percent, and the germination operation has larger relevance with time-saving, thereby limiting the operation of the method.

Guo Chunlong, a method for breeding fine hair soap pod [ J ], jiangxi forestry science and technology, 2004 (5), 12-14, which refers to a fine hair soap pod seed breeding method, which operates by "picking up fine hair soap pod seeds at the bottom of 10 months when they are mature, storing in sand with appropriate humidity, taking out and washing in the first 3 months of the next year, sterilizing with 0.15% formalin solution for about 15min, placing in a container, sealing for 2h, or soaking in 5% lime water for 30min, then washing, drilling in a seedbed, about 20d, starting to produce seedlings, and completing seedlings after one month, but the rate of emergence is less than 10%. "the method adopted by it is consistent with Yuan Renkang, but the emergence rate is less than 10%.

Compared with the prior related Chinese honeylocust seed propagation, the method has the advantages that no chemical agent is involved, the operation is simpler and more convenient, the cost is low, the germination rate can reach as high as 68.89 percent, and the method is remarkably improved compared with the prior art.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

Claims

1. A method for sprouting Chinese honey locust seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: pretreatment

s2: placing bed

transferring the treated Gleditsia villosa seeds to a petri dish;

s3: culturing at 23-25 deg.C until the seeds germinate.

2. The method for sprouting seeds of Gleditsia villosa as claimed in claim 1 wherein the temperature of the hot water in step S1 is 60 ℃ to 85 ℃.

3. The method for sprouting of Gleditsia villosa seeds as claimed in claim 2 wherein in step S1 the hot water temperature is 80 ℃ and the soaking time is 20min.

4. The method for sprouting the seeds of Gleditsia villosa as claimed in claim 1 wherein the humidity of the filter paper or absorbent cotton in steps S2 and S3 is controlled to 70%.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the incubation period in step S3 is 2-9 days.