CN115518978A - System and method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime - Google Patents
System and method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime Download PDFInfo
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- CN115518978A CN115518978A CN202211112309.0A CN202211112309A CN115518978A CN 115518978 A CN115518978 A CN 115518978A CN 202211112309 A CN202211112309 A CN 202211112309A CN 115518978 A CN115518978 A CN 115518978A
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- milk vetch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for restoring acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime. The system and the method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime comprise the following steps: a tractor; a hydraulic mechanism; a main body; a crushing mechanism; the bottom end of the first cylinder is connected with the second cylinder in a sliding manner, the base is connected with the second cylinder in a sliding manner, and a plurality of crushing blades are obliquely arranged on the side walls of the base and the second cylinder respectively; the feeding mechanism is arranged in the main body and is respectively and rotatably connected with the rotating shaft and the mounting shaft, the second blade is mounted on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the spiral third blade is mounted on the side wall of the mounting shaft; a blanking mechanism; a drive mechanism; and (4) a connecting mechanism. The system and the method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime have the advantages of accelerating the decay speed of astragalus sinicus and improving the soil improvement effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acidified soil remediation, in particular to a system and a method for remediating acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime.
Background
Acidification is an important aspect of the soil weathering and soil-forming process, leads to the reduction of pH value, forms acid soil, influences the activity of organisms in the soil, changes the form of nutrients in the soil, reduces the effectiveness of the nutrients, promotes free manganese ions and aluminum ions to be dissolved in the soil solution, and generates toxic action on crops; researches show that the content of cadmium in an exchange state can be effectively reduced by scattering the astragalus sinicus and the quicklime into the soil, and the nitrogen in the soil can be greatly excited when the astragalus sinicus is decomposed, so that the nitrogen circulation can be maintained in a farmland ecosystem, and the lime powder can also play a role in regulating acid and supplementing calcium to the soil.
When the milk vetch is harvested, the plants are short and small, and the branches and the stems are crawled on the ground, so that harvesting is difficult, most of people adopt a soil turning machine to directly turn the milk vetch into the soil to rot the milk vetch, but the milk vetch does not directly enter the soil after being crushed, the milk vetch is piled together, the rotting speed is low, the effect of improving the soil by the milk vetch is reduced, and when the milk vetch is planted in the field, the stem and the stalk of the milk vetch which are not rotten influence the planting of people.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new system and method for remedying acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime, which can accelerate the decay speed of astragalus sinicus and improve the soil improvement effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the system for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime provided by the invention comprises: a tractor; a hydraulic mechanism; the hydraulic mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the tractor; the main body is fixedly connected with the hydraulic mechanism; the crushing mechanism comprises a fixed shell, a first gear, a first barrel, a second barrel, a crushing blade and a base, wherein the fixed shell is installed at the top end of the main body, the first gear and the first barrel are rotatably connected inside the fixed shell, the top end of the first barrel is fixedly connected with the first gear, and the first gears are meshed with each other; the bottom end of the first cylinder is connected with the second cylinder in a sliding manner, the base is connected with the second cylinder in a sliding manner, and the side walls of the base and the second cylinder are respectively provided with a plurality of crushing blades in an inclined manner; the feeding mechanism comprises a second blade, a rotating shaft, a third blade, an installation shaft, a fifth gear and a conversion gear, the rotating shaft and the installation shaft are respectively and rotatably connected inside the main body, the side wall of the main body is symmetrically and rotatably connected with the conversion gear, and the two conversion gears are meshed with each other; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with one switching gear, and the side wall of the rotating shaft is provided with the second blade; the fifth gear is installed at the top end of the installation shaft, and the spiral third blade is installed on the side wall of the installation shaft; the blanking mechanism is arranged at the top end of the main body; the driving mechanism is respectively connected with the first gear, the blanking mechanism, the rotating shaft and the fifth gear; the connecting mechanism is connected with the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the base.
Preferably, the hydraulic pressure mechanism includes support frame, hydraulic stem, link and splint, splint are fixed in the bottom of tractor, the inside of splint is rotated and is connected the support frame with the hydraulic stem, just the hydraulic stem with rotate between the support frame and be connected, just the bottom fixed connection of support frame the link.
Preferably, the main body comprises a ditching sheet, a discharging funnel, a shell, a scraping plate, a partition plate and a baffle plate, the supporting frame is fixedly connected with the shell, the partition plate and the scraping plate are arranged in the shell, the side wall of the shell is arc-shaped, the partition plate and the scraping plate are connected with the discharging funnel, and the discharging funnel is fixed on the side wall of the shell; the baffles are symmetrically arranged in the shell, and the ditching pieces are equidistantly fixed at the bottom end of the connecting frame.
Preferably, the blanking mechanism comprises a box body, a first blade, a second gear, a rotating rod, a blanking tube, a bump and a grinding rod, the top end of the shell is fixedly connected with the box body, the bottom end of the box body is provided with the funnel-shaped blanking tube, the interior of the blanking tube is rotatably connected with the grinding rod, the bump and the rotating rod, the grinding rod with the funnel-shaped side wall is fixedly connected with the rotating rod, and the hemispherical bump is uniformly arranged on the side wall of the grinding rod; the top end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the second gear, the side wall of the rotating rod is provided with the spiral first blade, and the first blade is rotatably connected with the blanking pipe and the inside of the box body.
Preferably, the mounting direction of the first blade on the side wall of the rotating rod is opposite to the mounting direction of the third blade on the side wall of the mounting shaft, and the mounting shafts which are obliquely arranged are rotatably connected with the partition plate.
Preferably, the connecting mechanism comprises a limiting rod, sliding grooves, clamping grooves, limiting blocks, fixing columns and a connecting plate, the bottom end of the shell is fixedly connected with the connecting plate, the fixing columns are symmetrically installed on the side wall of the connecting plate, the fixing columns are rotatably connected with the base and the first barrel, the side wall of each fixing column is obliquely provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, one ends of the sliding grooves are slidably connected with the spherical limiting rod, and the inner side wall of the second barrel is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting rods; the side wall of first barrel with the second barrel is equipped with a plurality ofly respectively the draw-in groove, the inside sliding connection of draw-in groove the stopper, just the base with the side wall of second barrel is fixed connection respectively a plurality ofly the stopper.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the crushing blade gradually decreases along the direction from the base to the first cylinder, and the distance between the adjacent crushing blades on the same side wall of the second cylinder gradually increases along the direction from the base to the first cylinder.
Preferably, the rotation directions of the two second cylinders are opposite, and the second cylinder and the third blade are located between the two baffles.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a mounting box, a belt, a sleeve shaft, a motor, a support rod, a third gear and a fourth gear, the top end of the shell is fixedly connected with the mounting box, the motor is mounted in the mounting box, the motor, one of the conversion gears, the mounting shaft, one of the first gears, the support rod and the fourth gear are respectively connected with the sleeve shaft, and the side wall of the sleeve shaft is sleeved with the belt; the lateral wall both ends of bracing piece are fixed connection respectively the third gear, it is a plurality of the third gear meshes respectively the fourth gear the second gear with the fifth gear, the fifth gear rotates and connects the lateral wall of shell.
Preferably, the method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the viola-cloudbeckia sinensis needs to be harvested, the tractor moves into a field, the hydraulic mechanism operates to drive the main body to move downwards, the infrared distance sensor is installed on the side wall of the main body, the infrared distance sensor monitors the distance between the main body and the ground and transmits information to the central processing unit, and when the distance between the main body and the ground is appropriate, the central processing unit operates to close the hydraulic mechanism and fix the position of the main body;
step two: the tractor operates to drive the main body to move above the ground, at the moment, the driving mechanism operates to drive the first cylinder, the second cylinders, the base and the crushing blades to rotate, the crushing blades on the side wall of the base cut off the roots of the milk vetch, the crushing blades are obliquely arranged on the side walls of the base and the second cylinders, so that the crushing blades roll up the milk vetch on the ground, the milk vetch can conveniently enter between the two second cylinders, the second cylinders are of a circular table structure, the distance between the bottom ends of the second cylinders is large, and the milk vetch after being cut off can conveniently and quickly enter between the two second cylinders, so that the milk vetch on the ground can be quickly harvested; the milk vetch entering between the two second cylinders is cut and crushed by the crushing blades continuously, and when the two second cylinders rotate, one second cylinder moves downwards, and the other second cylinder moves upwards, so that the distance between the crushing blades is changed continuously, and the milk vetch is crushed by the crushing blades quickly; the chopped milk vetch moves upwards along the scraping plate, the side wall of the scraping plate is arc-shaped, the milk vetch moving upwards along the scraping plate is in contact with the spiral third blade, the third blade rotates to lift the crushed milk vetch upwards, the loose degree of the milk vetch is increased, meanwhile, the milk vetch is prevented from being accumulated at the bottom end of the scraping plate, the second blade rotates to lift the milk vetch upwards, meanwhile, ground quicklime powder in the feeding mechanism floats downwards and is in contact with the milk vetch moving upwards, at the moment, the second blade drives the milk vetch to be obliquely laid in the main body, the contact area of the quicklime powder and the milk vetch is increased, and therefore the quicklime powder is uniformly mixed in the milk vetch; after the milk vetch enters the main body, the distance between the adjacent crushing blades on the side wall of the same second cylinder is gradually increased along the direction of the base towards the first cylinder, so that the volume of the crushed milk vetch above the main body is larger than that of the crushed milk vetch at the bottom end of the main body, the third blade rotates to lift the large milk vetch to be in contact with the second blade, the second blade cuts the milk vetch again to reduce the volume of the milk vetch, and meanwhile, the second blade rotates to drive the milk vetch with the surface stained with the lime powder to move towards the direction of the discharging funnel, so that the milk vetch is conveniently and quickly discharged from the inside of the main body;
step three: the milk vetch which is crushed and mixed with the lime powder is paved on the ground through the discharging funnel, and the ditching piece turns up the soil to bury the milk vetch, so that the milk vetch is quickly rotten to improve the soil.
Compared with the related technology, the system and the method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a system and a method for restoring acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime, wherein when the milk vetch is harvested, a driving mechanism operates to drive a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a base and a crushing blade to rotate, the crushing blade on the side wall of the base cuts off the root of the milk vetch, and the crushing blade is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the base and the second cylinder, so that the crushing blade rolls up the milk vetch on the ground, the milk vetch can conveniently enter between the two second cylinders, the second cylinder is of a circular truncated cone structure, the distance between the bottom ends of the second cylinders is large, the separated milk vetch can conveniently and quickly enter between the two second cylinders, and the milk vetch on the ground can be harvested quickly; the milk vetch entering between the two second cylinders is continuously cut and crushed by the crushing blades, and when the two second cylinders rotate, one second cylinder moves downwards, and the other second cylinder moves upwards, so that the distance between the crushing blades is continuously changed, and the milk vetch is conveniently and quickly crushed by the crushing blades; the cut milk vetch enters the inside of the main body and rotates with the rotating installation shaft and the third blade, the spiral third blade rotates to lift the crushed milk vetch upwards to increase the looseness of the milk vetch, the second blade rotates to lift the milk vetch upwards, and meanwhile, ground quicklime powder in the feeding mechanism flows downwards to be in contact with the milk vetch moving upwards, so that the quicklime powder is uniformly mixed in the milk vetch; after the milk vetch enters the main body, the space between the adjacent crushing blades on the side wall of the same second cylinder is gradually increased along the direction of the base towards the first cylinder, so that the volume of the crushed milk vetch above the main body is larger than that of the crushed milk vetch at the bottom end of the main body, the third blade rotates to lift the large milk vetch and rotate the second blade to contact the second blade, the second blade cuts the milk vetch again to reduce the volume of the milk vetch, and quicklime powder enters the soil along with the milk vetch, so that the acid property of the soil is improved, and the decay speed of the milk vetch is accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for remediating acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the second barrel construction shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the internal structure of the housing shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at A shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the fifth gear arrangement shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the hydraulic mechanism shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 9 is a circuit structure diagram provided by the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. tractor, 2, hydraulic pressure mechanism, 21, support frame, 22, hydraulic stem, 23, link, 24, splint, 3, main part, 31, ditching piece, 32, discharging funnel, 33, shell, 34, scraper blade, 35, clapboard, 36, baffle, 4, crushing mechanism, 41, fixed shell, 42, first gear, 43, first cylinder, 44, second cylinder, 45, crushing blade, 46, base, 5, blanking mechanism, 51, box, 52, first blade, 53, second gear, 54, rotating rod, 55, blanking tube, 56, lug, 57, grinding rod, 6, driving mechanism, 61, mounting box, 62, belt, 63, sleeve shaft, 64, motor, 65, support rod, 66, third gear, 67, fourth gear, 7, feeding mechanism, 71, second blade, 72, rotating shaft, 73, third blade, 74, belt, 75, fifth gear, 76, conversion gear, 8, connecting mechanism, 81, fixing shaft, fixing rod, 82, limiting rod, fixing shaft, 85, limiting block, and connecting shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8 and fig. 9 in combination; the system and the method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime comprise the following steps: a tractor 1; a hydraulic mechanism 2; the hydraulic mechanism 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the tractor 1; the main body 3 is fixedly connected with the hydraulic mechanism 2; the crushing mechanism 4 comprises a fixed shell 41, a first gear 42, a first cylinder 43, a second cylinder 44, a crushing blade 45 and a base 46, wherein the fixed shell 41 is installed at the top end of the main body 3, the first gear 42 and the first cylinder 43 are rotatably connected inside the fixed shell 41, the first gear 42 is fixedly connected at the top end of the first cylinder 43, and the first gears 42 are mutually meshed; the bottom end of the first cylinder 43 is slidably connected with the second cylinder 44 in a truncated cone shape, the base 46 is slidably connected with the second cylinder 44, and a plurality of crushing blades 45 are respectively and obliquely arranged on the side walls of the base 46 and the second cylinder 44; the feeding mechanism 7 comprises a second blade 71, a rotating shaft 72, a third blade 73, a mounting shaft 74, a fifth gear 75 and a switching gear 76, the rotating shaft 72 and the mounting shaft 74 are respectively rotatably connected inside the main body 3, the side walls of the main body 3 are symmetrically and rotatably connected with the switching gear 76, and the two switching gears 76 are meshed with each other; one end of the rotating shaft 72 is fixedly connected with one switching gear 76, and the side wall of the rotating shaft 72 is provided with the second blade 71; the top end of the mounting shaft 74 is provided with the fifth gear 75, and the side wall of the mounting shaft 74 is provided with the third blade 73 with a spiral shape; the blanking mechanism 5 is arranged at the top end of the main body 3; the driving mechanism 6, the driving mechanism 6 is respectively connected to the first gear 42, the blanking mechanism 5, the rotating shaft 72 and the fifth gear 75; a connecting mechanism 8, wherein the connecting mechanism 8 connects the first cylinder 43, the second cylinder 44 and the base 46.
The hydraulic mechanism 2 comprises a support frame 21, a hydraulic rod 22, a connecting frame 23 and a clamping plate 24, the clamping plate 24 is fixed at the bottom end of the tractor 1, the interior of the clamping plate 24 is rotatably connected with the support frame 21 and the hydraulic rod 22, the hydraulic rod 22 is rotatably connected with the support frame 21, and the bottom end of the support frame 21 is fixedly connected with the connecting frame 23; the main body 3 comprises a ditching sheet 31, a discharging funnel 32, a shell 33, a scraping plate 34, a partition plate 35 and a baffle 36, the supporting frame 21 is fixedly connected with the shell 33, the partition plate 35 and the scraping plate 34 with arc-shaped side walls are arranged inside the shell 33, the partition plate 35 and the scraping plate 34 are connected with the discharging funnel 32, and the discharging funnel 32 is fixed on the side wall of the shell 33; the baffles 36 are symmetrically arranged in the shell 33, the ditching sheets 31 are equidistantly fixed at the bottom end of the connecting frame 23, so that the hydraulic rod 22 can drive the supporting frame 21 and the shell 33 to rotate to adjust the distance between the shell 33 and the ground, and milk vetch can enter the shell 33 for processing conveniently.
The blanking mechanism 5 comprises a box body 51, a first blade 52, a second gear 53, a rotating rod 54, a blanking pipe 55, a bump 56 and a grinding rod 57, the top end of the shell 33 is fixedly connected with the box body 51, the blanking pipe 55 with a funnel-shaped bottom end is mounted at the bottom end of the box body 51, the inner part of the blanking pipe 55 is rotatably connected with the grinding rod 57, the bump 56 and the rotating rod 54, the grinding rod 57 with a funnel-shaped side wall is fixedly connected with the rotating rod 54, and hemispherical bumps 56 are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the grinding rod 57; the top end of the rotating rod 54 is fixedly connected with the second gear 53, the side wall of the rotating rod 54 is provided with the spiral first blade 52, the first blade 52 is rotatably connected with the discharging pipe 55 and the inside of the box body 51, in order that when the rotating rod 54 rotates, the rotating rod 54 drives the spiral first blade 52 to rotate, the first blade 52 rotates to push lime to the inside of the discharging pipe 55, the lime is contacted with the rotating grinding rod 57 and the protruding block 56, and the grinding rod 57 and the protruding block 56 grind the quick lime in the discharging pipe 55 again, so that the quick lime powder is contacted with the milk vetch.
The mounting direction of the first blade 52 on the side wall of the rotating rod 54 is opposite to the mounting direction of the third blade 73 on the side wall of the mounting shaft 74, a plurality of obliquely arranged mounting shafts 74 are rotatably connected with the partition 35, when the first blade 52 and the third blade 73 rotate in the same direction and anticlockwise (as shown in fig. 2), the first blade 52 pushes an object to move downwards, and the third blade 73 pushes the object to move upwards.
The connecting mechanism 8 comprises a limiting rod 81, sliding grooves 82, a clamping groove 83, a limiting block 84, a fixing column 85 and a connecting plate 86, the bottom end of the shell 33 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 86, the fixing columns 85 are symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the connecting plate 86, the fixing columns 85 are rotatably connected with the base 46 and the first barrel 43, the plurality of sliding grooves 82 are obliquely arranged on the side wall of the fixing column 85, one ends of the sliding grooves 82 are connected with the spherical limiting rod 81 in a sliding mode, and the inner side wall of the second barrel 44 is fixedly connected with the plurality of limiting rods 82; the side walls of the first cylinder 43 and the second cylinder 44 are respectively provided with a plurality of the locking grooves 83, the locking grooves 83 are slidably connected to the limiting blocks 84, and the side walls of the base 46 and the second cylinder 44 are respectively fixedly connected to the limiting blocks 84, when the first cylinder 43 rotates, the locking grooves 83 in the first cylinder 43 extrude the limiting blocks 84 at the top end of the second cylinder 44, so that the limiting blocks 84 rotate synchronously with the locking grooves 83, and the first cylinder 43 and the second cylinder 44 rotate synchronously, in the same way, the first cylinder 43 drives the base 46 to rotate synchronously, when the second cylinder 44 rotates, the second cylinder 44 drives the limiting rods 81 to rotate, one end of the limiting rods 81 is locked inside the annular sliding groove 82, so that the limiting rods 81 rotate along the side walls of the inclined sliding groove 82, and thus the second cylinder 44 is driven to move up and down continuously, and in the process, the second cylinder 44 drives the limiting blocks 84 to slide up and down in the locking grooves 83, so as to change the distance between the crushing blades 45.
The inclination angle of the crushing blade 45 is gradually reduced along the direction from the base 46 to the first cylinder 43, so that the crushing blade 45 at the bottom end of the second cylinder 44 rolls up the creeping milk vetch on the ground, and the milk vetch can conveniently enter between the two second cylinders 44; and be located same the second barrel 44 lateral wall adjacent interval between the crushing blade 45 along base 46 towards the direction of first barrel 43 is gradually increaseed family, when the milk vetch gets into when between the second barrel 44, is located the milk vetch quantity of second barrel 44 bottom is the most, here simultaneously crushing blade 45 quantity is the densest, is favorable to crushing blade 45 shreds the milk vetch.
The rotation directions of the two second cylinders 44 are opposite, and the second cylinder 44 and the third blade 73 are located between the two baffles 36, so that the second cylinder 44 rotates to push the crushed milk vetch to enter between the two baffles 36.
The driving mechanism 6 comprises a mounting box 61, a belt 62, a sleeve shaft 63, a motor 64, a support rod 65, a third gear 66 and a fourth gear 67, the top end of the outer shell 33 is fixedly connected with the mounting box 61, the motor 64 is mounted in the mounting box 61, the motor 64, one of the switching gears 76, the mounting shaft 74, one of the first gears 42, the support rod 65 and the fourth gear 67 are respectively connected with the sleeve shaft 63, and the side wall of the sleeve shaft 63 is sleeved with the belt 62; the two ends of the side wall of the supporting rod 65 are respectively and fixedly connected with the third gears 66, the third gears 66 are respectively meshed with the fourth gear 67, the second gear 53 and the fifth gear 75, the fifth gear 75 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shell 33, so that the motor 64 operates to drive the sleeve shaft 63 to rotate, the sleeve shaft 63 drives the belt 62 to rotate, and the conversion gear 76, the mounting shaft 74, the first gear 42, the supporting rod 65, the fourth gear 67, the second gear 53 and the fifth gear 75 are rotated.
A method for restoring acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the ziyunnan is required to be harvested, firstly adding a proper amount of quicklime powder into the box body 51, and applying 25-40 kg of quicklime powder per mu of land; when the tractor 1 moves to the field, a central processor controls the operation of the hydraulic rod 22 to enable the hydraulic rod 22 to drive the support frame 21 and the shell 33 to rotate, the distance between the shell 33 and the ground is adjusted, an infrared distance sensor is installed on the side wall of the main body 3, the infrared distance sensor monitors the distance between the main body 3 and the ground and transmits information to the central processor, and when the distance between the main body 3 and the ground is proper, the central processor operates to close the hydraulic rod 22, so that the position of the main body 3 is fixed;
step two: the tractor 1 operates to drive the main body 3 to move above the ground, the central processing unit operates to drive the motor 64, the storage battery provides electric energy for the operation of the motor 64, the motor 64 operates to drive the sleeve shaft 63 to rotate, the sleeve shaft 63 drives the belt 62 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 72, the mounting shaft 74, the first gear 42, the supporting rod 65, the fourth gear 67, the second gear 53 and the fifth gear 75 rotate, the motor 64 drives the fourth gear 67 to rotate counterclockwise, the fourth gear 67 pushes the third gear 66 and the supporting rod 65 to rotate clockwise (as shown in fig. 5 and 7), the sleeve shaft 63 and the belt 62 on the surface of the supporting rod 65 drive one of the first gear 42 to rotate clockwise, and the first gear 42 rotates to drive the first cylinder 43 to rotate, the stopper 84 at the top end of the second cylinder 44 is extruded by the clamping groove 83 inside the first cylinder 43, so that the stopper 84 rotates synchronously with the clamping groove 83, and thus the first cylinder 43 and the second cylinder 44 rotate synchronously, and similarly, the first cylinder 43 drives the base 46 to rotate synchronously, the first cylinder 43 and the base 46 rotate on the side wall of the fixing column 85, the rotation directions of the two second cylinders 44 are opposite, the second cylinder 44 and the base 46 drive the crushing blade 45 to rotate, the crushing blade 45 on the side wall of the base 46 cuts off the root of the milk vetch, and the crushing blade 45 is obliquely arranged on the side walls of the base 46 and the second cylinder 44, so that the crushing blade 45 rolls up the milk vetch on the ground, and the milk vetch can conveniently enter between the two second cylinders 44, the second cylinder 44 is of a round table structure, and the distance between the bottom ends of the second cylinders 44 is large, so that the partitioned milk vetch can rapidly enter between the two second cylinders 44, and the milk vetch on the ground can be rapidly harvested; the milk vetch entering between the two second cylinders 44 is continuously cut and crushed by the crushing blades 45, and when the two second cylinders 44 rotate, the second cylinders 44 drive the limiting rod 81 to rotate, one end of the limiting rod 81 is clamped inside the annular sliding groove 82, so that the limiting rod 81 rotates along the side wall of the inclined sliding groove 82, and the second cylinders 44 are driven to continuously move up and down, in the process, the second cylinders 44 drive the limiting block 84 to continuously slide up and down inside the clamping groove 83, and when one second cylinder 44 moves down, the other second cylinder 44 moves up, so that the distance between the crushing blades 45 is continuously changed, the crushing blades 45 can rapidly crush the milk vetch, and the milk vetch is prevented from being clamped between the second cylinders 44; the shortest distance between the adjacent crushing blades 45 is greater than the height of the sliding groove 82, so that the crushing blades 45 are prevented from contacting with each other when rotating, the crushed milk vetch enters between the two baffle plates 36, the crushed milk vetch moves upwards along the scraping plate 34, the side wall of the scraping plate 34 is arc-shaped, the milk vetch moving upwards along the scraping plate 34 contacts with the spiral third blade 73, the inner part of the main body 3 rotates anticlockwise (as shown in figure 2) with the rotating mounting shaft 74 and the third blade 73, the third blade 73 rotates to lift the crushed milk vetch upwards, the looseness of the milk vetch is increased, and the milk vetch is prevented from being accumulated at the bottom end of the scraping plate 34; at this time, the third gear 66 pushes the second gear 53 to rotate counterclockwise, the second gear 53 drives the rotating rod 54 to rotate counterclockwise (as shown in fig. 2), the rotating rod 54 drives the spiral first blade 52 to rotate, the first blade 52 rotates to push lime to the inside of the feeding pipe 55, the lime is contacted with the rotating grinding rod 57 and the protruding block 56, so that the grinding rod 57 and the protruding block 56 grind the quick lime in the feeding pipe 55 again, the ground quick lime powder drifts downwards to be contacted with the upwardly moving milk vetch, at this time, the third blade 73 drives the milk vetch to be obliquely laid in the inside of the main body 3, the contact area between the quick lime powder and the milk vetch is increased, and the quick lime powder is uniformly mixed in the milk vetch; after the milk vetch enters the main body 3, as the distance between the adjacent crushing blades 45 positioned on the side wall of the same second cylinder 44 is gradually increased along the direction from the base 46 to the first cylinder 43, the volume of the crushed milk vetch above the main body 3 is larger than that of the crushed milk vetch at the bottom end of the main body 3, the third blade 73 rotates to lift the large milk vetch to be in contact with the second blade 71, the second blade 71 cuts the milk vetch into pieces again to reduce the volume of the milk vetch, so that the fast decay of the milk vetch is facilitated, and the second blade 71 rotates clockwise, the second blade 71 rotates to drive the milk vetch with the surface stained with the lime powder to move towards the scraper 34, so that the milk vetch mixed with the lime powder is mixed with the milk vetch on the surface of the scraper 34, and meanwhile, the second blade 71 pushes the milk vetch to move towards the direction of the discharge funnel 32, so that the milk vetch is conveniently and quickly discharged from the inside of the main body 3;
step three: the milk vetch which is crushed and mixed with the lime powder is paved on the ground through the discharging funnel 32, the ditching piece 31 upwards turns up the soil to bury the milk vetch, and the quicklime powder enters the soil along with the milk vetch, so that the acidity of the soil is improved and the rotting speed of the milk vetch is accelerated.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for restoring acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime is characterized by comprising:
a tractor (1);
a hydraulic mechanism (2); the hydraulic mechanism (2) is arranged at the bottom end of the tractor (1);
the main body (3) is fixedly connected with the hydraulic mechanism (2);
the crushing mechanism (4) comprises a fixed shell (41), a first gear (42), a first cylinder (43), a second cylinder (44), a crushing blade (45) and a base (46), the fixed shell (41) is installed at the top end of the main body (3), the first gear (42) and the first cylinder (43) are rotatably connected inside the fixed shell (41), the first gear (42) is fixedly connected to the top end of the first cylinder (43), and the first gears (42) are meshed with each other; the bottom end of the first cylinder (43) is connected with the second cylinder (44) in a sliding manner, the base (46) is connected with the second cylinder (44) in a sliding manner, and a plurality of crushing blades (45) are respectively and obliquely arranged on the side walls of the base (46) and the second cylinder (44);
the feeding mechanism (7) comprises a second blade (71), a rotating shaft (72), a third blade (73), a mounting shaft (74), a fifth gear (75) and a conversion gear (76), the rotating shaft (72) and the mounting shaft (74) are respectively connected to the inside of the main body (3) in a rotating mode, the side wall of the main body (3) is symmetrically connected with the conversion gear (76) in a rotating mode, and the two conversion gears (76) are meshed with each other; one end of the rotating shaft (72) is fixedly connected with the switching gear (76), and the side wall of the rotating shaft (72) is provided with the second blade (71); the top end of the mounting shaft (74) is provided with the fifth gear (75), and the side wall of the mounting shaft (74) is provided with the third blade (73) in a spiral shape;
the blanking mechanism (5), the blanking mechanism (5) is installed at the top end of the main body (3);
the driving mechanism (6), the driving mechanism (6) is respectively connected with the first gear (42), the blanking mechanism (5), the rotating shaft (72) and the fifth gear (75);
a connection mechanism (8), the connection mechanism (8) connecting the first cylinder (43), the second cylinder (44) and the base (46).
2. The system for repairing acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime as well as according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic mechanism (2) comprises a support frame (21), a hydraulic rod (22), a connecting frame (23) and a clamping plate (24), the clamping plate (24) is fixed at the bottom end of the tractor (1), the internal rotation of the clamping plate (24) is connected with the support frame (21) and the hydraulic rod (22), the hydraulic rod (22) is connected with the support frame (21) in a rotating manner, and the bottom end of the support frame (21) is fixedly connected with the connecting frame (23).
3. The system for remediating acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime as defined in claim 2, wherein the main body (3) comprises a ditching plate (31), a discharging funnel (32), a housing (33), a scraping plate (34), a partition plate (35) and a baffle plate (36), the support frame (21) is fixedly connected with the housing (33), the partition plate (35) and the scraping plate (34) with arc-shaped side walls are arranged in the housing (33), the partition plate (35) and the scraping plate (34) are connected with the discharging funnel (32), and the discharging funnel (32) is fixed on the side wall of the housing (33); the baffles (36) are symmetrically arranged in the shell (33), and the ditching pieces (31) are equidistantly fixed at the bottom end of the connecting frame (23).
4. The system for remediating acidified soil by using milk vetch and quicklime as well as according to claim 3, wherein the blanking mechanism (5) comprises a box body (51), a first blade (52), a second gear (53), a rotating rod (54), a blanking tube (55), a bump (56) and a grinding rod (57), the top end of the shell (33) is fixedly connected with the box body (51), the blanking tube (55) with a funnel-shaped bottom end is mounted at the bottom end of the box body (51), the grinding rod (57), the bump (56) and the rotating rod (54) are rotatably connected with the inside of the blanking tube (55), the grinding rod (57) with the funnel-shaped side wall is fixedly connected with the rotating rod (54), and the hemispherical bumps (56) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the grinding rod (57); the top end of the rotating rod (54) is fixedly connected with the second gear (53), the side wall of the rotating rod (54) is provided with the spiral first blade (52), and the first blade (52) is rotatably connected with the discharging pipe (55) and the interior of the box body (51).
5. The system for remediating acidified soil using milk vetch and quicklime as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mounting direction of the first blade (52) on the side wall of the rotating rod (54) is opposite to the mounting direction of the third blade (73) on the side wall of the mounting shaft (74), and a plurality of obliquely arranged mounting shafts (74) are rotatably connected to the partition (35).
6. The system for remediating acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quick lime as well as comprising the following components according to claim 5, wherein the connecting mechanism (8) comprises a limiting rod (81), a sliding groove (82), a clamping groove (83), a limiting block (84), a fixing column (85) and a connecting plate (86), the bottom end of the shell (33) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (86), the fixing column (85) is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the connecting plate (86), the fixing column (85) is rotatably connected with the base (46) and the first cylinder (43), the plurality of sliding grooves (82) are obliquely arranged on the side wall of the fixing column (85), one end of the sliding groove (82) is connected with the spherical limiting rod (81), and the inner side wall of the second cylinder (44) is fixedly connected with the plurality of limiting rods (82); the side wall of the first barrel (43) and the second barrel (44) is respectively provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (83), the inner part of each clamping groove (83) is slidably connected with the corresponding limiting block (84), and the side wall of the base (46) and the side wall of the second barrel (44) are respectively fixedly connected with the corresponding limiting blocks (84).
7. The system for remediating acidified soil using milk vetch and quicklime as claimed in claim 6, wherein the inclination angle of the crushing blades (45) is gradually decreased along the base (46) toward the first cylinder (43), and the interval between the adjacent crushing blades (45) located on the same side wall of the second cylinder (44) is gradually increased along the base (46) toward the first cylinder (43).
8. The system for remediating acidified soil using milk vetch and quicklime as claimed in claim 7, wherein the two second cylinders (44) rotate in opposite directions, and the second cylinder (44) and the third blade (73) are located between the two baffles (36).
9. The system for remediating acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime as well as according to claim 8, wherein the driving mechanism (6) comprises a mounting box (61), a belt (62), a sleeve shaft (63), a motor (64), a support rod (65), a third gear (66) and a fourth gear (67), the top end of the housing (33) is fixedly connected with the mounting box (61), the motor (64) is mounted in the mounting box (61), the motor (64), one of the conversion gears (76), the mounting shaft (74), one of the first gears (42), the support rod (65) and the fourth gear (67) are respectively connected with the sleeve shaft (63), and the belt (62) is sleeved on the side wall of the sleeve shaft (63); the lateral wall both ends of bracing piece (65) are fixed connection respectively third gear (66), and are a plurality of third gear (66) meshes respectively fourth gear (67), second gear (53) with fifth gear (75), fifth gear (75) rotate and connect the lateral wall of shell (33).
10. A method for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime, which is used for a system for restoring acidified soil by using astragalus sinicus and quicklime as claimed in claim 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the purple cloud English needs to be harvested, the tractor (1) moves into a field, the hydraulic mechanism (2) operates to drive the main body (3) to move downwards, the infrared distance sensor is mounted on the side wall of the main body (3), monitors the distance between the main body (3) and the ground and transmits information to the central processing unit, and when the distance between the main body (3) and the ground is proper, the central processing unit operates to close the hydraulic mechanism (3) and fix the position of the main body (3);
step two: the tractor (1) operates to drive the main body (3) to move above the ground, at the moment, the driving mechanism (6) operates to drive the first cylinder (43), the second cylinder (44), the base (46) and the crushing blades (45) to rotate, the crushing blades (45) on the side wall of the base (46) cut off the roots of the milk vetch, the crushing blades (45) are obliquely arranged on the side walls of the base (46) and the second cylinder (44), so that the crushing blades (45) roll up the milk vetch on the ground, the milk vetch can conveniently enter between the two second cylinders (44), the second cylinder (44) is of a circular truncated cone structure, the distance between the bottom ends of the second cylinders (44) is large, and the milk vetch after being cut off can conveniently and quickly enter between the two second cylinders (44), so that the milk vetch on the ground can be harvested quickly; milk vetch entering between the two second cylinders (44) is continuously cut and crushed by the crushing blades (45), and when the two second cylinders (44) rotate, one second cylinder (44) moves downwards, and the other second cylinder (44) moves upwards, so that the distance between the crushing blades (45) is continuously changed, and the crushing blades (45) are convenient to rapidly crush the milk vetch; the chopped milk vetch moves upwards along the scraper (34), the side wall of the scraper (34) is arc-shaped, the milk vetch moving upwards along the scraper (34) is contacted with the spiral third blade (73), the third blade (73) rotates to lift the crushed milk vetch upwards, the looseness of the milk vetch is increased, the milk vetch is prevented from being accumulated at the bottom end of the scraper (34), the second blade (72) rotates to lift the milk vetch upwards, the ground quicklime powder in the blanking mechanism (5) floats downwards and is contacted with the milk vetch moving upwards, at the moment, the second blade (72) drives the milk vetch to be obliquely laid in the main body (3), and the contact area of the quicklime powder and the milk vetch is increased, so that the quicklime powder is uniformly mixed in the milk vetch; after the milk vetch enters the main body (3), the space between the adjacent crushing blades (45) positioned on the side wall of the same second cylinder (44) is gradually increased along the direction of the base (46) towards the first cylinder (43), so that the volume of the crushed milk vetch above the main body (3) is larger than the volume of the crushed milk vetch at the bottom end of the main body (3), the third blade (73) rotates to lift the large-volume milk vetch to be in contact with the second blade (71) in a rotating mode, the second blade (71) cuts the milk vetch again to reduce the volume of the milk vetch, and meanwhile, the second blade (71) rotates to drive the milk vetch with the surface stained with lime powder to move towards the direction of the discharging funnel (32), so that the milk vetch is conveniently and quickly discharged from the inside of the main body (3);
step three: the milk vetch which is crushed and mixed with the lime powder is paved on the ground through the discharging funnel (32), and the ditching piece (31) turns up the soil to bury the milk vetch, so that the milk vetch is quickly rotten to improve the soil.
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| CN202211112309.0A CN115518978B (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | System and method for repairing acidified soil by utilizing milk vetch and quicklime |
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| CN115518978B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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