CN115505402A - Conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil and using method thereof - Google Patents

Conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil and using method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115505402A
CN115505402A CN202211269539.8A CN202211269539A CN115505402A CN 115505402 A CN115505402 A CN 115505402A CN 202211269539 A CN202211269539 A CN 202211269539A CN 115505402 A CN115505402 A CN 115505402A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
parts
fertilizer
conditioner
organic fertilizer
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CN202211269539.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马立锋
阮建云
杨向德
倪康
刘美雅
方丽
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Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN202211269539.8A priority Critical patent/CN115505402A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C7/00Fertilisers containing calcium or other cyanamides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tea garden soil conditioning, and discloses a conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: biomass charcoal, commercial organic fertilizer, "popcorn" organic fertilizer, dolomite powder and lime nitrogen. The using method of the conditioner comprises the following steps: the application amount is 100-200 kg/mu, the fertilizer is applied when the base fertilizer is applied every year, the fertilizer is applied to the soil surface of the tea garden, and the soil is ploughed after the fertilizer is broadcast; the application is stopped when the soil pH value reaches above 4.5. The soil conditioner disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the pH value of soil, improve soil hardening, obviously improve the soil environment condition for tea tree growth, improve the yield and quality of tea leaves and reduce environmental pollution.

Description

Conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil and using method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea garden soil conditioning, in particular to a conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil and a using method thereof.
Background
The tea tree originates from the cloud plateau in the southwest area of China, and forms an acid preference habit under the condition of mild and humid subtropical climate. The growth of tea trees needs a relatively proper environment, wherein soil acidity is an important limiting factor for the growth of the tea trees, the normal growth of the tea trees is limited after the soil is acidified, and the yield and the quality of the tea are reduced.
Generally, the pH of the soil is between 4.0 and 6.5, preferably between 4.5 and 5.5, to allow proper growth of tea plants.
However, since the 90 s of the last century, due to unreasonable fertilization modes (heavy fertilizers, light organic fertilizers, broadcast application and the like), the soil acidification of the tea garden is increasingly serious, and the soil acidification is increasingly intensified after the 21 st century, and a large number of documents show that the tea garden acidification rate in China is over 60 percent. After the soil is acidified, cations are exchanged more, leaching loss is serious, the biological effectiveness of heavy metal elements (such as lead) and pollution elements (such as fluorine) can be increased, and the leaching loss of some basic ions causes harm to underground water. The acidification causes the humus in the soil to be changed into soluble humic acid, and a good granular structure is difficult to form after leaching loss, so that the soil is hardened.
Therefore, the soil conditioner is used for changing the acidification and hardening conditions of the tea garden soil, is an effective method, promotes the growth of tea trees, improves the yield and quality of tea leaves, and is environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil and a use method thereof, and the soil conditioner can effectively increase the pH value of soil, improve soil hardening, obviously improve the soil environment condition for tea tree growth, increase the yield and quality of tea leaves, and reduce environmental pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a conditioner for improving acidified soil in a tea garden, comprising: biomass charcoal, commercial organic fertilizer, "popcorn" organic fertilizer, dolomite powder, lime nitrogen.
Preferably, the conditioner for improving the acidified soil of the tea garden comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-44 parts of biomass charcoal, 12-24 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 18-36 parts of popcorn organic fertilizer, 20-40 parts of dolomite powder and 28-56 parts of lime nitrogen.
Further preferably, the conditioner for improving the acidified soil of the tea garden comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: every 100 parts of the fertilizer contains 22 parts of biomass charcoal, 12 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 18 parts of organic fertilizer of popcorn, 20 parts of dolomite powder and 28 parts of lime nitrogen.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Biomass charcoal
The plant biomass is a substance which is obtained by carbonizing and pyrolyzing plant biomass under the condition of low oxygen or anaerobic condition, has high stability and strong adsorption property, is applied to soil, not only increases organic substances of the soil and improves the fertility, but also is resistant to degradation, and improves the sealing time of carbon in the soil. The soil hardening condition is effectively improved.
(2) Commercial organic fertilizer
Increase and update soil organic matters, promote the propagation of microorganisms, and improve the physicochemical property and the biological activity of soil.
(3) Organic fertilizer of popcorn
The organic fertilizer formed by the treatment of the puffing technology can quickly change the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, and particularly has obvious effect on improving hardened soil.
(4) Dolomite powder
The main components are calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, and the pH value of the soil can be rapidly increased.
(5) Lime nitrogen
Is a mixture of calcium cyanamide, calcium oxide and other insoluble impurities. Is an alkaline fertilizer, can provide nitrogen fertilizer and can improve the pH value of soil.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a conditioner for improving acidified soil in tea gardens, comprising the following steps:
1) Mixing the raw materials;
2) The application amount is 100-200 kg/mu, the fertilizer is applied when the base fertilizer is applied every year, the fertilizer is applied to the soil surface of the tea garden, and the soil is ploughed after the fertilizer is broadcast;
3) The application is stopped when the soil pH reaches above 4.5.
The biomass charcoal provided by the invention is a highly aromatic substance obtained by carbonizing and pyrolyzing plant biomass under low-oxygen or anaerobic conditions, has high stability and strong adsorption characteristics, is applied to soil to increase organic substances in the soil and improve fertility, is resistant to degradation, and effectively improves the soil hardening condition. Dolomite powder can rapidly increase the pH value of soil; the commercial organic fertilizer can increase soil organic matters, promote microbial propagation, improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of soil and permanently stabilize the pH value of the soil; the organic fertilizer formed by the puffed technology treatment of the popcorn organic fertilizer can be rapidly expanded after being applied into soil, and multiple gaps are formed in the soil, so that soil hardening is effectively improved.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The latest soil improvement products were injected: such as biomass carbon, "popcorn" fertilizer, lime nitrogen, and the like;
(2) The long-acting effect and the quick-acting effect are combined, the characteristics of soil acidification improvement and structural improvement are considered, the pH value of the soil is mildly increased: the chemical modifier dolomite powder is used for quickly improving the pH value of the soil in a short period. The biomass charcoal, the organic fertilizer of 'popcorn' and the like are used for carrying out soil structural improvement, and the pH value of the soil is maintained for a long time;
(3) Obviously improve the soil hardening problem: the organic fertilizer of the popcorn can be rapidly expanded after being applied into the soil, and a plurality of gaps are formed in the soil, so that the soil hardening is effectively improved;
(4) Has the advantages of nutrition, reduced fertilizer application: the conditioner contains lime nitrogen (providing a nitrogen source) and organic fertilizer (providing nutrients);
(5) The acidification improvement effect is stable: by using the novel improved product and technology, the pH value of the tea garden soil is quickly and stably improved, the organic matter content of the soil is increased, the soil environment for tea tree growth is effectively improved, the nutrient absorption capacity of the tea trees is improved, and the problems of tea yield reduction, quality reduction and the like caused by excessive acidification and hardening of the tea garden soil are solved;
(6) The use is simple and convenient: the fertilizer is applied together with the base fertilizer, so that the additional fertilizer application cost is not increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in soil pH after application of a conditioner;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change in volume weight of soil;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of young shoot yield;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the quality components of young sprouts.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A nutritional tea garden soil conditioner for improving acidified soil is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of biomass charcoal, 12 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 18 parts of organic fertilizer of popcorn, 20 parts of dolomite powder and 28 parts of lime nitrogen.
Example 2
44 parts of biomass charcoal, 24 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 36 parts of organic fertilizer of popcorn, 40 parts of dolomite powder and 56 parts of lime nitrogen.
Example 3
33 parts of biomass charcoal, 18 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 27 parts of organic fertilizer of 'popcorn', 30 parts of dolomite powder and 42 parts of lime nitrogen.
Example 4
29 parts of biomass charcoal, 16 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 23 parts of organic fertilizer of popcorn, 26 parts of dolomite powder and 36 parts of lime nitrogen.
Example 5
37 parts of biomass charcoal, 20 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 31 parts of organic fertilizer of 'popcorn', 34 parts of dolomite powder and 48 parts of lime nitrogen.
Example 6
A field test of a nutritional tea garden soil conditioner is carried out in a Zhejiang Shaoxing production tea garden. The conditioner obtained in example 1 was applied to the soil surface of a tea garden at an application rate of 100 kg/mu in the case of base fertilizer application, and the soil was plowed after broadcast application. After the conditioner was applied to the soil, soil sampling analysis was performed. Table 1 shows specific nutrient properties of the conditioner of example 1 of the present invention.
TABLE 1
pH value Organic matter N P 2 O 5 K 2 O Moisture content
Conditioning agent 12.65 45.03 3.73 2.13 1.29 4.46
The results of the tests show that after application of the conditioner, the pH of the tea garden soil increases rapidly and then falls back gradually, with the pH being substantially stable after about half a year (fig. 1). Compared with no conditioner, the volume weight of the soil is not obviously changed after only the dolomite powder is applied, but the volume weight of the soil is obviously reduced after the conditioner of the invention is applied (figure 2). After the soil conditioner is applied, the yield can be increased by 4.8 percent and 10.8 percent respectively, and compared with the dolomite powder, the conditioner has more obvious yield increasing effect (figure 3). The analysis result of the young sprout quality components shows (figure 4), after the soil conditioner is applied, the content of amino acid in the young sprout can be increased, the conditioner of the invention can increase the content of amino acid better and obviously, and can increase the content of tea polyphenol in the young sprout at the same time, which has obvious promotion effect on the tea taste of the tea tree variety with low tea polyphenol.
Therefore, in order to stabilize the pH value of the soil in the tea garden at a higher level, the soil can be applied again after the 2 nd year, and the soil can be stopped when the pH value reaches above 4.5.
Similarly, the conditioners obtained in examples 2, 3, 4 and 5 were subjected to the same test as in example 6, and finally compared with the conditioner not applied, the soil conditioner applied according to the invention has the advantages of significantly increased pH value of the soil, increased tea yield by more than 10% and improved tea quality.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (5)

1. A conditioner for improving acidified soil in a tea garden, which is characterized by comprising: biomass charcoal, commercial organic fertilizer, "popcorn" organic fertilizer, dolomite powder, lime nitrogen.
2. The conditioner for improving the acidified soil in the tea garden as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-44 parts of biomass charcoal, 12-24 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 18-36 parts of popcorn organic fertilizer, 20-40 parts of dolomite powder and 28-56 parts of lime nitrogen.
3. The conditioner for improving the acidified soil of the tea garden as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of biomass charcoal, 12 parts of commercial organic fertilizer, 18 parts of 'popcorn' organic fertilizer, 20 parts of dolomite powder and 28 parts of lime nitrogen.
4. The conditioner for improving the acidified soil of the tea garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer of "popcorn" is an organic fertilizer formed by a puffing technique.
5. Use of a conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising the steps of:
1) Mixing the raw materials;
2) The application amount is 100-200 kg/mu, the fertilizer is applied when the base fertilizer is applied every year, the fertilizer is applied to the soil surface of the tea garden, and the soil is ploughed after the fertilizer is broadcast;
3) The application is stopped when the soil pH reaches above 4.5.
CN202211269539.8A 2022-10-17 2022-10-17 Conditioner for improving tea garden acidified soil and using method thereof Pending CN115505402A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1107824A (en) * 1994-11-30 1995-09-06 刘凡 High-energy bulked organic fertilizer
CN110093164A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-08-06 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 A kind of tea place acidic soil conditioner and its preparation method and application
CN112680234A (en) * 2021-01-08 2021-04-20 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Tea garden acidified soil conditioner, preparation method thereof and soil conditioning method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1107824A (en) * 1994-11-30 1995-09-06 刘凡 High-energy bulked organic fertilizer
CN110093164A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-08-06 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 A kind of tea place acidic soil conditioner and its preparation method and application
CN112680234A (en) * 2021-01-08 2021-04-20 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Tea garden acidified soil conditioner, preparation method thereof and soil conditioning method

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
季昆森: "发展循环经济 加速安徽崛起论坛文集", 31 July 2008, 安徽大学出版社, pages: 324 *
武汉市物资管理局编: "实用物资手册 第2辑 化工产品 燃料 机电产品", 31 October 1982, 湖北科学技术出版社, pages: 409 *

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