CN115505122B - 无溶剂法合成的亚胺类聚合物正极材料及其应用 - Google Patents
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DNHCPEFCQYRQQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5,6-tetraaminocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical compound NC1=C(N)C(=O)C(N)=C(N)C1=O DNHCPEFCQYRQQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical class O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
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- C08G73/0683—Polycondensates containing six-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无溶剂法合成的亚胺类聚合物正极材料及其应用。本发明在无溶剂条件下,将2,3,5,6‑四(氨基)对苯醌加入至反应容器中,然后在保护气氛下,于180±5℃下搅拌反应得到聚合物正极材料。本发明具有实验方法简单、原材料价格低廉、绿色环保、等优点;所得到的材料为全新的结构,可以作为正极材料应用于水系锌离子电池中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水系锌离子电池材料技术领域,具体涉及一种亚胺类聚合物正极材料及其合成方法。
背景技术
在电极材料方面,目前大多采用的仍然是各类无机化合物,他们主要通过晶格结构发生的氧化还原态转变来储存电荷。在许多情况下,这些可逆反应的周期性点中和态依赖于特定的反离子补偿,而这往往受到无机化合物晶格的限制。这种特性导致无机材料对电解液的相容性较差,即同一种无机电极材料不能同时适用于不同的碱金属电解液。另外无机电极材料还存在加工困难,环境危害性等问题,这意味着他们的合成往往会需要更大的能耗,同时排放各类有毒废料,对可持续发展造成不利影响。
相比之下,有机材料显示出了独有的优势,为开发新一代储能技术提供了可能性。与无机电极材料储能机制不同,有机分子利用分子前线轨道储存电子,离子则分散在对电荷集中的原子附近。有机电极材料可分为赝电容型聚合物和电池型氧化还原化合物两类,后者通过特定化学键进行氧化还原反应,大幅提升电极储能容量,可分为:共轭羰基类,共轭亚胺类,共轭氰基类,有机二硫类,共轭偶氮类,氮氧自由基类,共轭氧醚类,共轭硫醚类等等。它们在有机电解液中的电化学反应通常是单步、单电子过程,过程中会产生自由基中间体。利用中间体反应活性高、动力学快等特点,电池型化合物具有快速的氧化还原反应动力学。但小分子自由基中间体带有高活性的未配对电子,容易与其它活性高的中间体形成二聚体,造成电极材料失活。此外,有机小分子的导电性差,电子在其内部的抽取效率低,从而造成储能器件倍率性差、难以在大电流密度下工作。
而聚合物作为有机材料的一个分支,在相当程度上解决了这些问题,聚合物因电子离域范围更广而比小分子化合物具有更高的导电性,同时保留了有机小分子材料的原有优势。另一方面,随着现代有机合成化学的发展,聚合物可以通过各种化学修饰路线来满足比容量、溶解度、结晶度、电子/离子电导率和机械性能等方面要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的提供一种亚胺类聚合物正极材料及其合成方法和应用。
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案是:一种聚合物正极材料(PTABQ),其结构式如下:
本发明还提供上述聚合物正极材料(PTABQ)的合成方法,包括:
将2,3,5,6-四(氨基)对苯醌加入至反应容器中,然后在保护气氛下,于180±5℃下搅拌反应的步骤,
进一步的,保护气氛为氮气。
进一步的,搅拌反应至少48小时。
本发明还提供了上述聚合物正极材料在水系锌离子电池中的用途。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明的合成方法简便,利用2,3,5,6-四(氨基)对苯醌进行一步高温无溶剂法制备出聚合物正极材料(PTABQ)。该聚合物具有较好的容量。
附图说明
图1为聚合物正极材料(PTABQ)的红外光谱谱图。
图2为聚合物正极材料(PTABQ)的XRD谱图。
图3为基于PTABQ作为正极,以2M ZnSO4溶液为电解质的水系锌离子电池,在不同扫描速率下的CV图。
图4为基于PTABQ作为正极,以2M ZnSO4溶液为电解质的水系锌离子电池,在1A g-1的电流密度下的充放电曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明作进一步详述。
实施例
聚合物正极材料(PTABQ)的合成,具体步骤如下:
将2,3,5,6-四(氨基)对苯醌(0.1g,0.59mmol)加入至25ml反应瓶中,然后在氮气氛围下,180℃下搅拌反应24h。然后将反应冷却至室温,分别用DMF(200mL),丙酮(200mL),去离子水(300mL),无水乙醇(150mL)一次洗涤过滤纯化。将所得固体在真空烘箱中,50℃下烘干24h后得到PTABQ。
如图1所示,在3349和3292cm-1处N-H的红外吸收峰;1533cm-1处C=N的红外吸收峰,证明了PTABQ的结构;
如图2所示,在13.5°和27.8°处显示出了结晶峰,证明了聚合物PTABQ的结晶性良好,具有良好的导电性。
如图3所示,以PTABQ为正极,锌片为负极,电解质为2M ZnSO4溶液组装的水系锌离子电池的电压窗口为1.6V,在扫描速率逐渐增加(从1mV-10mV)时,可以观察到一对氧化还原峰。
如图4所示,PTABQ在1A g-1的电流密度下的放电比容量为142mAh g-1,说明了本发明应用于水系锌离子电池有不错的前景。
Claims (5)
1.一种亚胺类聚合物正极材料,其特征在于,其结构式如下:
2.如权利要求1所述的聚合物正极材料的合成方法,其特征在于,包括:在无溶剂条件下,将2,3,5,6-四(氨基)对苯醌加入至反应容器中,然后在保护气氛下,于180℃下搅拌反应的步骤,
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,保护气氛为氮气。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,搅拌反应至少48小时。
5.如权利要求1所述的聚合物正极材料在水系锌离子电池中的用途。
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JP2020066681A (ja) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | 学校法人早稲田大学 | ポリマー、電極活物質及び二次電池 |
CN113809325A (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-17 | 常州大学 | 基于电活性共价有机框架聚合物的碱性水系二次电池及应用 |
CN114920930A (zh) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-19 | 安徽大学 | 一种含吡嗪-苯醌结构的聚合物及其在锂离子/水系锌离子电池中的应用 |
CN115073731A (zh) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-20 | 南开大学 | 有机梯形聚合物、其制备方法及其在锂离子电池中的应用 |
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WO2020084828A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | 学校法人早稲田大学 | ポリマー、電極活物質及び二次電池 |
CN115073731A (zh) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-20 | 南开大学 | 有机梯形聚合物、其制备方法及其在锂离子电池中的应用 |
CN113809325A (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-17 | 常州大学 | 基于电活性共价有机框架聚合物的碱性水系二次电池及应用 |
CN114920930A (zh) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-19 | 安徽大学 | 一种含吡嗪-苯醌结构的聚合物及其在锂离子/水系锌离子电池中的应用 |
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