CN115500430A - Preparation method of functional feed additive for improving pork quality - Google Patents
Preparation method of functional feed additive for improving pork quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN115500430A CN115500430A CN202211469787.7A CN202211469787A CN115500430A CN 115500430 A CN115500430 A CN 115500430A CN 202211469787 A CN202211469787 A CN 202211469787A CN 115500430 A CN115500430 A CN 115500430A
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- pork
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Physiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality, belonging to the technical field of functional feed additives, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing modified Chinese medicinal powder, preparing adjuvants, and mixing; mixing, namely mixing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine, and then crushing to 200-300 meshes to obtain the functional feed additive; the functional feed additive prepared by the invention can improve the pork quality, improve the palatability and the thermal stability of the functional feed additive, reduce the using amount of the functional feed additive, prolong the quality guarantee period of the functional feed additive and improve the daily gain of pork pigs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional feed additives, in particular to a preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality.
Background
The functional feed additive is a functional feed ingredient which has the functions of enhancing the immunity of animal organisms, regulating the physiological rhythm of the organisms, preventing diseases and promoting the recovery of the organisms, provides reliable guarantee for the healthy growth of animals and the safety of animal products, has one of the upgrading directions of the feed additive industry, has continuous and good market development, and simultaneously has the gradually improved ratio in the feed additive market.
In recent years, with the improvement of the quality of life of people, food is not only used as a fruit belly, but also the requirements of people on the quality, flavor and the like of the food are more and more strict, especially for pork products. The total yield of livestock and poultry meat in China basically meets the requirement, so that for a large number of pig farms, how to improve the quality of pork at the present stage is a problem that attention needs to be paid and consideration needs to be paid to the high-quality development, differentiation and competitiveness improvement of the pig raising industry in the future.
At present, the method for improving pork quality mainly comprises the steps of adding feed additives such as vitamin C, vitamin E, polysaccharide and trace elements into feed, but the direct addition of the additives can easily cause single nutrition and not greatly improve the pork quality, and if the additives are added in a combined manner, the cost is increased, and the digestion of fat, protein and carbohydrate by pork pigs can be influenced; the Chinese herbal medicine powder or the Chinese herbal medicine extract is directly used as the feed additive, but the Chinese herbal medicine powder has poor palatability, large dosage and poor thermal stability, short shelf life and quick drug effect reduction, although the Chinese herbal medicine extract can be microencapsulated, the loading capacity is small, the dosage of the feed additive is increased, and the digestion and absorption functions of the pork pig are influenced, so that the daily gain is reduced.
Chinese patent CN103355499B discloses a feed additive for improving pork quality and increasing feed utilization rate, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of eucommia ulmoides powder, 5-10 parts of poria cocos powder, 15-20 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae powder, 5-9 parts of wolfberry enzymolysis powder, 4-8 parts of clove, 5-8 parts of hawthorn, 8-12 parts of compound polysaccharide extract and 8-20 parts of fermented soybean meal; the prepared feed additive can improve the body immunity of sows, piglets and boars, promote the absorption and utilization of the pigs on the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed, but the eucommia ulmoides, the poria cocos and the rhizoma anemarrhenae are directly added after being crushed, so that the palatability is poor, and the dosage is large, so that the concentration of nutrient substances in the feed is diluted.
Chinese patent CN102210404B discloses a growing-finishing pig feed additive for effectively improving pork quality and enhancing immunity, which comprises the components of yeast selenium, tremella polysaccharide, cysteamine, sodium butyrate, phytase, arginine, 50% choline chloride and the rest of carrier stone powder, zeolite powder or medical stone; the feed additive can obviously improve lean meat percentage, make meat red and tender, improve meat flavor, improve animal intestinal flora, and improve immunity level, but the digestion of fat, protein and carbohydrate can be reduced by tremella polysaccharide.
Chinese patent CN101703158B discloses a livestock and poultry meat modifier containing lycopene and a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the livestock and poultry meat modifier comprises, by mass, 5-10% of lycopene, 10-20% of vitamin E, 0.015-0.03% of selenium, 0-0.02% of chromium, and the balance of a carrier; the preparation method comprises dissolving lycopene solid powder with small amount of n-hexane, mixing gelatin and sucrose at 3:7-1:9 mass ratio to obtain microcapsule wall material, and homogenizing; the mass of the lycopene solid powder is 10-20% of that of the mixture of the gelatin and the sucrose; mixing the lycopene microcapsule with vitamin E, selenium and chromium according to a mass ratio, and adding the balance of carrier to obtain the lycopene microcapsule; the meat quality modifier can effectively inhibit muscle fat oxidation, improve muscle water power, reduce muscle drip loss, stabilize meat color, improve muscle tenderness, maintain meat flavor, and prolong meat shelf life, but the loading capacity of lycopene is small, so that the dosage of feed additive is increased, and the digestion and absorption functions of pork pigs are affected, thereby reducing daily gain.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality, and the prepared functional feed additive can improve the pork quality, simultaneously improve the palatability and the heat stability of the functional feed additive, reduce the dosage of the functional feed additive, prolong the shelf life of the functional feed additive and improve the daily gain of pork pigs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality comprises the following steps: preparing modified Chinese medicinal powder, preparing adjuvants, and mixing.
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, respectively crushing eucommia ulmoides, cinnamon, clove, codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, hawthorn and pomegranate rind to 300-400 meshes to obtain eucommia ulmoides powder, cinnamon powder, clove powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, tangerine peel powder, hawthorn powder and pomegranate rind powder, then adding the eucommia ulmoides powder, the cinnamon powder, the clove powder, the codonopsis pilosula powder, the bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, the tangerine peel powder, the hawthorn powder and the pomegranate rind powder into a mixer according to a weight ratio of 10-12;
in the preparation of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the surface modification liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 2-3 parts of disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, 7-9 parts of citric acid and 55-60 parts of deionized water;
in the preparation of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the weight ratio of the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder to the surface modification liquid is 50;
in the preparation of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder after freeze drying, the soybean protein and the sodium alginate is 100-110.
The preparation method comprises the steps of adding algin, corn starch, choline chloride and deionized water into a mixer, controlling the temperature of the mixer to be 45-50 ℃, the rotating speed to be 180-200rpm, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation after 50-55min, controlling the frequency of ultrasonic oscillation to be 30-40kHz, the temperature to be 45-50 ℃, the time to be 20-25min, finishing the ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a mixed solution, freezing the mixed solution at-35 ℃ to-30 ℃ for 2-2.5h, unfreezing at 50-55 ℃ for 40-45min, freezing at-35 ℃ to-30 ℃ for 1.5-2h, unfreezing at 50-55 ℃ for 40-45min, freezing at-35 ℃ to-30 ℃ for 1-1.5h, unfreezing at 50-55 ℃ for 40-45min, and drying at 110-115 ℃ to obtain the auxiliary material;
in the preparation auxiliary materials, the weight ratio of the algin, the corn starch, the choline chloride and the deionized water is 10-12.
Mixing, namely mixing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine, and then crushing to 200-300 meshes to obtain the functional feed additive;
in the mixing, the weight ratio of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder to the auxiliary materials to the zeolite powder to the tremella polysaccharide to the methionine to the lysine is 100-105.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality can improve the pork quality, the functional feed additive prepared by the invention is added into basic ration of pork pigs according to the weight percentage of 0.2%, after the basic ration is continuously fed for 30 days, the back fat thickness is 3.04-3.17cm, the water content is 70.14-71.21%, the fat percentage is 24.15-26.82%, the lean meat percentage is 52.10-53.87%, the muscle pH value is 5.82-5.94, and the dripping water content isThe loss is 3.38-3.57%, and the eye muscle area is 28.73-29.17cm 2 ；
(2) The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality can improve the palatability of the functional feed additive and increase the daily gain of pork pigs, the functional feed additive prepared by the invention is added into basic ration of the pork pigs according to the weight percentage of 0.2 percent, the pork pigs are continuously fed for 30 days, the average daily feed intake during feeding is 1023 to 1084g/d, the average daily gain is 511 to 532g/d, and the feed-meat ratio is 2.00 to 2.04;
(3) The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality can reduce the dosage of the functional feed additive;
(4) The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality can improve the heat stability of the functional feed additive, the functional feed additive prepared by the invention is placed for 100 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 70 percent, then the functional feed additive is added into basic ration of pork pigs according to the proportion of 0.2 percent by weight, the pork pigs are continuously fed for 30 days, the average daily feed intake during feeding is 977-1010 g/d.head, the average daily gain is 465-484 g/d.head, and the feed-meat ratio is 2.08-2.10;
(5) The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality can prolong the shelf life of the functional feed additive, and the functional feed additive does not cake when placed at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for 1 year.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described.
Example 1
A preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality comprises the following steps:
1. preparing modified traditional Chinese medicine powder: respectively pulverizing eucommia ulmoides, cinnamon, clove, codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, hawthorn and pomegranate peel to 300 meshes to obtain eucommia ulmoides powder, cinnamon powder, clove powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, tangerine peel powder, hawthorn powder and pomegranate peel powder, then adding the eucommia ulmoides powder, the cinnamon powder, the clove powder, the codonopsis pilosula powder, the bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, the tangerine peel powder, the hawthorn powder and the pomegranate peel powder into a mixer according to a weight ratio of (12);
the surface modification liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 2 parts of disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, 7 parts of citric acid and 55 parts of deionized water;
wherein the weight ratio of the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder to the surface modification liquid is 50;
wherein, the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal powder, the soybean protein and the sodium alginate after freeze drying is 100.
2. Preparing auxiliary materials: adding algin, corn starch, choline chloride and deionized water into a mixer, controlling the temperature of the mixer to be 45 ℃, controlling the rotation speed to be 180rpm, performing ultrasonic oscillation after 50min, controlling the frequency during ultrasonic oscillation to be 30kHz, controlling the temperature to be 45 ℃, controlling the time to be 20min, obtaining a mixed solution after ultrasonic oscillation is finished, freezing the mixed solution at-35 ℃ for 2h, unfreezing at 50 ℃ for 40min, freezing at-35 ℃ for 1.5h, unfreezing at 50 ℃ for 40min, freezing at-35 ℃ for 1h, unfreezing at 50 ℃ for 40min, and drying at 110 ℃ to obtain auxiliary materials;
wherein the weight ratio of the algin, the corn starch, the choline chloride and the deionized water is 10.
3. Mixing: mixing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, auxiliary materials, zeolite powder, tremella polysaccharide, methionine and lysine, and then crushing to 200 meshes to obtain the functional feed additive;
wherein, the weight ratio of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine is 100.
Example 2
A preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality comprises the following steps:
1. preparing modified traditional Chinese medicine powder: respectively pulverizing eucommia ulmoides, cinnamon, clove, codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, hawthorn and pomegranate peel to 350 meshes to obtain eucommia ulmoides powder, cinnamon powder, clove powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, tangerine peel powder, hawthorn powder and pomegranate peel powder, then adding the eucommia ulmoides powder, the cinnamon powder, the clove powder, the codonopsis pilosula powder, the bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, the tangerine peel powder, the hawthorn powder and the pomegranate peel powder into a mixer according to a weight ratio of (13);
the surface modification liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 2.5 parts of disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, 8 parts of citric acid and 57 parts of deionized water;
wherein the weight ratio of the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder to the surface modification liquid is 50;
wherein, the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal powder, the soybean protein and the sodium alginate after freeze drying is 105.
2. Preparing auxiliary materials: adding algin, corn starch, choline chloride and deionized water into a mixer, controlling the temperature of the mixer to be 47 ℃, controlling the rotation speed to be 190rpm, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation after 52min, controlling the frequency during the ultrasonic oscillation to be 35kHz, controlling the temperature to be 47 ℃, controlling the time to be 22min, finishing the ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a mixed solution, freezing the mixed solution at-32 ℃ for 2.2h, unfreezing the mixed solution at 52 ℃ for 42min, freezing the frozen solution at-32 ℃ for 1.7h, unfreezing the frozen solution at 52 ℃ for 42min, freezing the frozen solution at-32 ℃ for 1.2h, unfreezing the frozen solution at 52 ℃ for 42min, and drying the frozen solution at 112 ℃ to obtain auxiliary materials;
wherein the weight ratio of the algin, the corn starch, the choline chloride and the deionized water is 11.
3. Mixing: mixing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, auxiliary materials, zeolite powder, tremella polysaccharide, methionine and lysine, and then crushing to 250 meshes to obtain a functional feed additive;
wherein, the weight ratio of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine is 102.
Example 3
A preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality comprises the following steps:
1. preparing modified traditional Chinese medicine powder: respectively pulverizing eucommia ulmoides, cinnamon, clove, codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, hawthorn and pomegranate peel to 400 meshes to obtain eucommia ulmoides powder, cinnamon powder, clove powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, tangerine peel powder, hawthorn powder and pomegranate peel powder, then adding the eucommia ulmoides powder, the cinnamon powder, the clove powder, the codonopsis pilosula powder, the bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, the tangerine peel powder, the hawthorn powder and the pomegranate peel powder into a mixer according to a weight ratio of (14);
the surface modification liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3 parts of disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, 9 parts of citric acid and 60 parts of deionized water;
wherein the weight ratio of the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder to the surface modification liquid is 50;
wherein, the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal powder, the soybean protein and the sodium alginate after freeze drying is 110.
2. Preparing auxiliary materials: adding algin, corn starch, choline chloride and deionized water into a mixer, controlling the temperature of the mixer to be 50 ℃, controlling the rotating speed to be 200rpm, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation after 55min, controlling the frequency during the ultrasonic oscillation to be 40kHz, controlling the temperature to be 50 ℃, controlling the time to be 25min, obtaining a mixed solution after the ultrasonic oscillation is finished, freezing the mixed solution at-30 ℃ for 2.5h, unfreezing the mixed solution at 55 ℃ for 45min, freezing the frozen solution at-30 ℃ for 2h, unfreezing the frozen solution at 55 ℃ for 45min, freezing the frozen solution at-30 ℃ for 1.5h, unfreezing the frozen solution at 55 ℃ for 45min, and drying the frozen solution at 115 ℃ to obtain an auxiliary material;
wherein the weight ratio of the algin, the corn starch, the choline chloride and the deionized water is 12.
3. Mixing: mixing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, auxiliary materials, zeolite powder, tremella polysaccharide, methionine and lysine, and then crushing to 300 meshes to obtain a functional feed additive;
wherein, the weight ratio of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine is 105.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving pork quality described in example 2 is adopted, and the difference is that: the step of preparing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder in the step 1 is changed into the following steps: respectively pulverizing eucommia ulmoides, cinnamon, clove, codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, hawthorn and pomegranate peel to 300-400 meshes to obtain eucommia ulmoides powder, cinnamon powder, clove powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, tangerine peel powder, hawthorn powder and pomegranate peel powder, and then adding the eucommia ulmoides powder, the cinnamon powder, the clove powder, the codonopsis pilosula powder, the bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, the tangerine peel powder, the hawthorn powder and the pomegranate peel powder into a mixer according to the following weight ratio of (11);
and replacing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder in the mixing step of the step 3 with the same amount of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder to form mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving pork quality described in example 2 is adopted, and the difference is that: the step of preparing the auxiliary materials in the step 2 is omitted, and the addition of the auxiliary materials in the step 3 is omitted.
Test example 1
Selecting 250 healthy pork pigs of 120 days old, dividing the healthy pork pigs into 5 groups, respectively numbering the 5 groups, and numbering each pork pig in each group according to the sequence from 1 to 50 so as to be convenient for distinguishing; then the functional feed additives for improving the pork quality prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 were added to the basic ration of 1 to 5 groups of pork pigs according to the weight percentage of 0.2%, respectively, and the corresponding relationship when feeding the pigs was as follows:
ensuring that the growth environmental conditions of each group of pigs are consistent, keeping the temperature of a pigsty at 25 ℃ and the relative humidity at 70%, carrying out free food intake and free water drinking, keeping the pigsty clean, regularly disinfecting, recording the weight and daily food intake of each group of pigs every day, and after 30 days, ending the test, calculating the average daily gain, average daily food intake and feed-meat ratio of each group of pigs, wherein the calculation result is as follows:
after the test is finished, randomly selecting one end from each group of pigs to slaughter, and testing the back fat thickness, the water content, the fat percentage, the lean meat percentage, the muscle pH value, the drip loss and the eye muscle area of the slaughtered pigs, wherein the test results are as follows:
according to the results, the palatability of the feed additive can be improved by carrying out surface modification, freeze drying and compounding with the soybean protein and the sodium alginate on the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder, so that the average daily feed intake of the pork pigs is improved, the feed conversion ratio can be reduced, and the pork quality is improved; by adding auxiliary materials, the feed conversion ratio can be reduced, and the pork quality can be improved.
Test example 2
Selecting 250 healthy pork pigs of 120 days old, dividing the healthy pork pigs into 5 groups, respectively numbering the 5 groups, and numbering each pork pig in each group according to the sequence from 1 to 50 so as to be convenient for distinguishing; then the functional feed additives for improving the pork quality prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 were added to the basic ration of the pork pigs of 1-5 groups according to the weight percentage of 0.4%, respectively, and the corresponding relationship when feeding was as follows:
ensuring that the growth environmental conditions of each group of pigs are consistent, keeping the temperature of a pigsty at 25 ℃ and the relative humidity at 70%, carrying out free food intake and free water drinking, keeping the pigsty clean, regularly disinfecting, recording the weight and daily food intake of each group of pigs every day, and after 30 days, ending the test, calculating the average daily gain, average daily food intake and feed-meat ratio of each group of pigs, wherein the calculation result is as follows:
compared with the experimental example 1, the feed additive dosage of the experimental example 2 is 2 times of that of the experimental example 1, while the numerical changes of the average daily feed intake, the average daily gain and the feed-meat ratio of the experimental examples 1-3 are not large, which shows that the feed additive prepared by the experimental examples 1-3 is added according to the proportion of 0.4 percent by weight, the most proper addition proportion is achieved, and the effect is not greatly influenced by the addition dosage; while comparative example 1 shows that the average daily feed intake and the feed-meat ratio are decreased after increasing the amount, which means that the palatability is deteriorated but the effect can be enhanced, comparative example 2 shows that the effect is enhanced after increasing the amount, which means that the feed additives of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are used in an amount higher than the feed additives prepared in examples 1 to 3.
Test example 3
The functional feed additives for improving the quality of pork prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were respectively put in a sealed bag, and then placed at a temperature of 60 ℃ and a humidity of 70% for 100 days, and then the test of test example 1 was repeated, specifically as follows:
selecting 250 healthy pork pigs of 120 days old, dividing the healthy pork pigs into 5 groups, respectively numbering the 5 groups, and numbering each pork pig in each group according to the sequence from 1 to 50 so as to be convenient for distinguishing; then the functional feed additives for improving the pork quality prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 2, which were placed at a temperature of 60 ℃ and a humidity of 70% for 100 days, were added to the basal diet of 1 to 5 groups of pork pigs according to a weight percentage of 0.2%, and the corresponding relationship when feeding was as follows:
ensuring that the growth environmental conditions of each group of pigs are consistent, keeping the temperature of a piggery at 25 ℃ and the relative humidity at 70%, carrying out free feeding and free drinking, keeping the piggery clean, regularly disinfecting, recording the weight and daily feed intake of each group of pigs every day, and calculating the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed-meat ratio of each group of pigs after 30 days, wherein the calculation results are as follows:
from the above results, it can be seen that after being placed at 60 ℃ and 70% humidity for 100 days, the average feed intake, average daily gain and feed-meat ratio of 1-3 groups changed little, and the average feed intake, average daily gain and feed-meat ratio of 4-5 groups changed greatly, indicating that the thermal stability of the feed additive can be improved by performing surface modification, freeze-drying and compounding with soybean protein and sodium alginate on the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder, and adding auxiliary materials into the feed additive.
Test example 4
The functional feed additives for improving the quality of pork prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were respectively packed in a sealed bag, and then left at a temperature of 25 ℃ and a humidity of 70% for 1 year, and then observed and recorded whether or not the blocking phenomenon was present, as follows:
from the above results, the shelf life of the feed additive can be prolonged by performing surface modification, freeze drying and compounding with the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder, the soybean protein and the sodium alginate, and adding the auxiliary materials into the feed additive.
All percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a functional feed additive for improving pork quality is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing modified Chinese medicinal powder, preparing adjuvants, and mixing;
the preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, respectively crushing eucommia bark, cinnamon, clove, codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, hawthorn and pomegranate rind to 300-400 meshes to obtain eucommia bark powder, cinnamon powder, clove powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, tangerine peel powder, hawthorn powder and pomegranate rind powder, then adding the eucommia bark powder, the cinnamon powder, the clove powder, the codonopsis pilosula powder, the bighead atractylodes rhizome powder, the tangerine peel powder, the hawthorn powder and the pomegranate rind powder into a mixer according to a weight ratio of 10-12-15;
the preparation method comprises the steps of adding algin, corn starch, choline chloride and deionized water into a mixer, mixing, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation, obtaining mixed liquid after the ultrasonic oscillation is finished, freezing the mixed liquid at-35 ℃ to-30 ℃ for 2-2.5h, unfreezing the mixed liquid at 50-55 ℃ for 40-45min, freezing the mixed liquid at-35 ℃ to-30 ℃ for 1.5-2h, unfreezing the mixed liquid at 50-55 ℃ for 40-45min, freezing the frozen liquid at-35 ℃ to-30 ℃ for 1-1.5h, unfreezing the frozen liquid at 50-55 ℃ for 40-45min, and drying the unfrozen liquid to obtain the auxiliary material.
2. The method for preparing the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality of claim 1, wherein the surface modification solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 2-3 parts of disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, 7-9 parts of citric acid and 55-60 parts of deionized water.
3. The method for preparing the functional feed additive for improving the quality of pork according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed traditional Chinese medicine powder to the surface modification liquid in the preparation of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder is 50 to 4.
4. The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal powder after freeze drying, the soybean protein and the sodium alginate in the prepared modified Chinese medicinal powder is 100-110.
5. The method for preparing the functional feed additive for improving the quality of pork according to claim 1, wherein the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder is prepared in a vacuum freeze-drying mode, wherein the vacuum degree is 180-200Pa, the temperature is-35 ℃ to-30 ℃, and the time is 2.5-3h.
6. The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the algin, the corn starch, the choline chloride and the deionized water in the preparation auxiliary materials is 10-12.
7. The method for preparing the functional feed additive for improving the quality of pork according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of ultrasonic vibration in the preparation auxiliary materials is 30-40kHz, the temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the time is 20-25min.
8. The method for preparing the functional feed additive for improving the quality of pork according to claim 1, wherein the mixing comprises mixing the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine, and then crushing to 200-300 meshes to obtain the functional feed additive.
9. The preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the pork quality according to claim 8, wherein in the mixing, the weight ratio of the modified traditional Chinese medicine powder, the auxiliary materials, the zeolite powder, the tremella polysaccharide, the methionine and the lysine is 100-105.
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Application publication date: 20221223 |
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