CN115478524B

CN115478524B - Hydraulic lifter

Info

Publication number: CN115478524B
Application number: CN202211384565.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 易坚浩; 易煊恺
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-01-10
Filing date: 2022-11-07
Publication date: 2023-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-07
Also published as: CN114197430A; CN115478524A

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic lifter, which comprises a balance body, a power assembly and a control assembly, wherein the balance body is arranged to float on a water body of a vertical shaft and is arranged to bear navigation ships or other objects; the power component and the balance body are connected with each other, the power component is used for driving the balance body, and the control component is connected with the balance body and the power component and used for controlling the start and stop of the balance body and the speed of floating and sinking. The hydraulic elevator is applied to the vertical shaft, the balance body floats on the water body of the vertical shaft, and then the motion of the balance body is realized through the power assembly, so that the hydraulic elevator has the functions of a ship lock or a ship lift or both, has the characteristics of low equipment investment and low energy consumption, can realize high passing efficiency of the ship lock and water saving of the ship lift only based on the vertical shaft and the water level at the upstream and the downstream, and can save water and energy to the greatest extent.

Description

Hydraulic lifter

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lifting, is suitable for ship lifting, and particularly relates to a hydraulic lifter.

Background

Under the condition that a water level difference exists between the upstream and the downstream, navigation facilities such as a ship lock or a ship lift and the like are required to be built to solve the ship passing requirement; the existing navigation facilities mainly comprise two types of ship locks and ship lifts, but in either type, selection and decision making are needed in the initial stage of construction according to the annual flow of the channel. If the ship lift is selected to be built, the ship lift can not operate in a ship lock mode even if the upstream water quantity is found to be abundant after the ship lift is built; if the ship lock is selected to be constructed, once insufficient water resources for consumption appear in the operation, the ship lock can be disconnected, and the ship lock can not be switched in operation mode according to the change of the flow rate of the channel after being constructed. In addition, in the ship lock mode, the larger the upstream and downstream water level difference is, the more water is consumed at one pass, and although a water saving pool can be externally connected to achieve a certain water saving effect, the land feature area and the engineering quantity are increased, the water conveying time is prolonged, and the running efficiency is reduced; although the ship lift does not consume water, the passing efficiency is low, the ship lift is generally suitable for passing only one ship at a time, the investment of lifting equipment is large, and the operation and maintenance cost is high. Therefore, no matter the navigation facilities, there is a place to be improved in technology, and especially, it is necessary to integrate the technical characteristics of the ship lock and the ship lift, so as to achieve the effects of water saving, energy saving and high passing efficiency, and make the construction decision and selection no longer depend on whether the navigation water quantity is abundant or not, so that the adaptability of the navigation facilities to water resource conditions is improved.

In the notification of the traffic transportation department and the scientific and technical department about the printout of the schema (2021-2035) of the long-term development of technological innovation in the traffic field, the important infrastructure construction technology research of the cross-river sea channel, the western Liu Haixin channel, the canal communication engineering and the like is developed by clearly proposing to break through the important strategic channel construction technology of the country, breaking through the key technologies of high-dam navigation locks, water-saving locks and the like, and improving the reliability design and intelligent construction technology level of traffic infrastructures under the natural environment conditions of complex geology, hydrology, climate and the like.

It is reported that the hydraulic ship lift is a novel ship lift which is originally created in China and has complete independent intellectual property rights, and has a maximum lifting height of 66.86 m, a ship passing position of 500 tons and a lifting time of about 17 minutes in the whole course, and annual cargo transportation capacity of 124.5 ten thousand tons in the construction history of the ship lift at home and abroad. The ship lift is powered by water energy lifting, the vertical shaft is filled with water and drained through the water conveying pipeline, the pontoon is driven to lift, and the ship receiving chamber is driven to lift, namely, when the water conveying pipeline fills water to the vertical shaft, the pontoon in the vertical shaft is lifted, and the ship receiving chamber is driven to descend from the reservoir water level to the downstream water level; on the contrary, when the water pipe discharges water, the pontoon in the vertical shaft descends, and the ship receiving chamber is lifted to the water level of the reservoir from the downstream water level, so that the ship can pass between the scenic flood power station and the drop height of 68 meters. Compared with the traditional ship lifts at home and abroad, the hydraulic drive is adopted for the first time to replace the traditional motor drive mode, stable balance is realized by means of hydraulic drive and automatic adaptation of load change, a transmission mechanism and a control system are greatly simplified, the safety, reliability and adaptability of operation are improved, and hidden danger caused by sudden power failure is avoided. However, the hydraulic ship lift has limited ship number passing at one time, and is not as high as the ship lock passing efficiency; although the inherent drive mechanism of the ship lift is simplified, the problem of abrasion of the steel wire rope still can exist, the water saving effect also has no characteristic that the ship lift does not need water consumption, and the water consumption range degree can be similar to that of a ship lock. The hydraulic ship lift is driven by water power instead of electric power, so that lower passing efficiency of the mechanical ship lift is not improved, and effective breakthrough in key technology of a water-saving ship lock is not realized.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a hydraulic elevator, which can be a giant elevator directly driven by hydraulic power only in places with water head difference; the elevator is used for navigation facilities, can synthesize the technical characteristics of a ship lock and a ship lift, is only based on the vertical shaft and the water level fall of the upstream and the downstream, can realize the special effects of high passing efficiency of the ship lock and water saving of the ship lift, and can conveniently select and switch between a ship lock mode and a ship lift mode.

A hydraulic elevator, comprising:

the balance body is arranged on the water body floating in the vertical shaft and is used for bearing navigation ships or other objects;

the power assembly is connected with the balance body and used for driving the balance body to float upwards and sink;

and the control assembly is connected with the balance body and the power assembly and is used for controlling the start and stop of the balance body and the speed of floating and sinking.

Further, the control assembly comprises a throttle box, a pipeline, an air passage and a valve, wherein the throttle box is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the air passage.

Further, the balance body comprises a ship bearing pool and a buoyancy member which are connected with each other, the density of the buoyancy member is smaller than that of the water body, and bearing fluid is arranged in the ship bearing pool and used for floating the navigation ship on the fluid (the ship bearing pool can also bear other objects except the fluid).

Further, the power component comprises a water storage tank, a pipeline, an air passage and a valve, wherein the water storage tank is communicated with the outside atmosphere or a buoyancy member through the air passage, the water storage tank can be arranged at an upper position, a lower position or a double water storage tank clamping position, the upper position is that the water storage tank is arranged above the throttle box, the lower position is that the water storage tank is arranged below the throttle box, and the double water storage tank clamping position is that the throttle box is arranged between the two water storage tanks.

Further, one end of the pipeline in the control assembly is connected with the water inlet and outlet of the throttle box, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with the water in the vertical shaft, and the valve is arranged on the pipeline, so that the throttle box can drain water to the vertical shaft or inject water from the vertical shaft.

Further, one end of the pipeline in the power assembly is connected with the water inlet and outlet of the water storage tank, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with the upstream water level, the downstream water level or the water in the vertical shaft, and the valve is arranged on the pipeline, so that the water storage tank can selectively discharge the water to the upstream, the downstream and the vertical shaft or inject the water from the upstream, the downstream and the vertical shaft.

Further, the buoyancy member is internally provided with a gas storage cavity in a separated mode, and the gas storage cavity is introduced from the top of the water storage groove through an air passage and is communicated with the water storage groove.

Further, a water pump is also connected to the pipeline in the power assembly.

Further, when fluid is in the ship bearing pool, the two ends of the ship bearing pool are provided with gates, and the gates can be opened downwards in a lifting mode.

The novel water-saving and energy-saving hydraulic elevator comprehensive ship lock and ship lift technical characteristics provided by the invention can flexibly select different operation modes according to the navigation water quantity, simulate the navigation function of the ship lock or the ship lift, be especially applied to any place needing ship lifting to realize high-efficiency navigation such as a ship navigation overpass and an underground navigation tunnel in the ship lift mode, even cancel the setting of a downstream side gate, and simplify the construction scale of navigation facilities. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the hydraulic elevator realizes lifting by utilizing the balance and rebalance of buoyancy and dead weight, and is theoretically feasible by adopting the elevator as the navigation facility in the lifting travel range acceptable in the physical limit of the elevator and the navigation facility structure from the analysis of an operation mechanism.

2. The hydraulic lifter integrates functions and characteristics of the ship lock and the ship lifter, can have operation modes of the ship lock and the ship lifter or both, can select to operate according to whether the navigation water quantity of a navigation channel is abundant, can independently operate in the ship lock mode or the ship lifter mode, is convenient and reliable to select, and can be suitable for any places needing ship lifting to realize high-efficiency navigation, such as ship navigation overpasses, ship underground navigation tunnels and the like.

3. Under the necessary condition, the hydraulic lifter adopts double water storage tanks, one of the hydraulic lifters is arranged under the hydraulic lifter, a gate at one end of the downstream side can be canceled, and a downstream ship can directly enter and exit the ship bearing pool, so that the navigation facility structure is simplified.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic elevator with a water storage tank arranged on the upper part of the hydraulic elevator.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic lifter with the underneath type water storage tank.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a double reservoir clip type hydraulic elevator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional layout of the overhead hydraulic elevator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 (b) is a schematic view of the vertical section layout of the overhead hydraulic lift of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overhead hydraulic lift of the present invention in a downstream position.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic lift of the present invention applied in a ship navigation overpass scenario.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic lift of the present invention applied in a scene of a navigation tunnel of an underground ship.

Detailed Description

In order to more particularly describe the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical scheme of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 4 (b), the hydraulic lifter runs in a vertical shaft by virtue of buoyancy, the water body in the vertical shaft is self-organized according to the running requirement, the vertical shaft is longitudinally connected with the upstream and downstream guide channel gates, and the transverse width of the vertical shaft is slightly larger than the width of the upstream and downstream guide channel gates; as shown in fig. 1-3, the elevator body comprises a ship bearing pool, a throttle box, a water storage tank and a pontoon, wherein the self weight of the elevator and the buoyancy of the pontoon form a balance body, the water storage and the water discharge of the water storage tank can cause the self weight or the buoyancy change of the elevator to drive the balance body to lift, and the process of accommodating or spitting the vertical well water back by the throttle box is the lifting process of the elevator; specifically:

the ship bearing pool is used for accommodating the navigation ship and is positioned at the top of the lifter, the water level in the pool meets the ship draft, the ship bearing pool is provided with gates at the two ends of the ship inlet and outlet, and when the lifter is lifted to the highest position (ship bearing pool water level and upstream water level) or the lowest position (ship bearing pool water level and downstream water level), the ship bearing pool gates are in butt joint with the upstream or downstream navigation channel gates. The size of the ship bearing pool is designed according to the requirement, so that the requirement of bearing a plurality of ships can be met, and the same one-time passing efficiency as that of ship locks can be achieved in the number of the ships.

The throttle box is positioned between the ship bearing pool and the pontoon, the height of the throttle box is determined according to the lifting stroke, the bottom side valve controls the water in the vertical well to enter and exit the throttle box, the top 1# air passage is communicated with the external atmosphere, the internal and external air can freely enter and exit the throttle box when the water in the vertical well enters and exits the throttle box in the sinking and floating process, the size and shape of the throttle box can influence the lifting speed of the lifter, and the flow of the water inlet and outlet holes of the throttle box and the opening and closing of the air passage can also control the lifting and the speed of the throttle box.

The pontoon is located the lift bottom, and the height is H, can almost bear whole lift dead weight on the surface of water, and its inside opens up partial space height and is Hs, makes whole pontoon divide into the high first gas storage space of Hs and the high second gas storage space of Hz and remaining reserve space, and two gas storage spaces are communicated with the catch basin by 0# and 2# air flue respectively.

The water storage tank is positioned above or below the throttle box, the inlet and outlet of the water storage tank is connected with a foldable pipe or hose, and the water storage tank can be communicated with upstream or downstream or vertical shaft water body through a water delivery gallery after being switched by a valve. When the water storage tank stores water from the upstream or stores water from the vertical shaft through the water pump, the self weight of the lifter is increased or the buoyancy is reduced, and the lifter descends; when the water storage tank drains water downstream or drains water to the vertical shaft, the dead weight of the lifter is reduced or the buoyancy is increased, and the lifter ascends. The water storage tank and the throttle box are repeatedly used for storing water, feeding water, discharging water and discharging water in sequence, and the pontoon can bear the water storage tank, the throttle box and the ship bearing pool to circularly finish up-and-down lifting movement in the vertical shaft.

According to the structural and composition requirements of the elevator, through theoretical analysis, the position of the water storage tank can be divided into an upper part and a lower part relative to the throttle box, one water storage tank or two water storage tanks can be divided according to the number of the water storage tanks, and a single water storage tank can be understood as a double water storage tank formed by combining the water storage tanks on the same side of the water storage tank. Fig. 1 is that a water storage tank is arranged above a throttle box, fig. 2 is that a water storage tank is arranged below a throttle box, fig. 3 is that a double water storage tank is arranged below the throttle box, and the water storage tank is vertically clamped, the double water storage tanks are arranged below the throttle box, vertical well water and downstream water are integrated, a gate at one end of the downstream side is canceled, the water level of a ship carrying pool and the water level of the downstream ship carrying pool can be directly in and out of the ship carrying pool.

Examples

The three arrangement modes have basically the same operation principle, and the present embodiment will respectively explain the operation principle of the elevator and the related calculation.

For a better description of the elevator lifting process, we define the relevant symbols as follows:

p is atmospheric pressure, expressed as the height of water, about 10.33m;

hg is the maximum upstream and downstream water level drop, namely the height of the throttle box;

hc is the sum of the water depth of the ship bearing pool and the structural height of the bottom of the ship bearing pool;

hx is the height of the reservoir, determined by the force of the elevator to rise or fall as Hx (1-k) gravity or buoyancy, where k= (p+hc+hx)/(2p+hc+hx) in the upper position, k= (p+hg+hc+hx)/(2 x (p+hg) +hc+hx) in the lower position, k=0.5 in the case of double reservoirs, and k x Hx for each reservoir height, and Hx for the total height.

Hs is the height of the space opened up in the pontoon;

hz is the height of the space in the pontoon;

hk is the minimum descent height of the elevator required for gas to fill Hz space after the reservoir is filled with Hx x k space;

h is the total height of the space of the pontoon, is about the draft of the elevator, and is more than or equal to Hs+Hz;

s is the width of the vertical shaft; sa is the elevator width.

Assume that: sa/S is approximately 0; the shape of each part of the elevator is regular, the sizes of various water filling and discharging holes and air passages, gaps and thicknesses of each part are not counted, under the condition that the section widths are the same, the volume is in proportional relation with the height, and meanwhile, the pressure and the water height can be simplified to be expressed mutually.

The hydraulic lifter is driven by the water level difference between the upstream and the downstream or a water pump, the hydraulic lifter consumes potential energy (similar to a ship lock operation mode), and the hydraulic lifter consumes electric power (similar to a ship lift operation mode). In either mode, the reservoir needs to be filled at an upstream location and drained at a downstream location; after water filling, the weight of the lifter is increased or the buoyancy is reduced, and the lifter descends; after water is drained, the weight of the lifter is reduced or the buoyancy is increased, and the lifter ascends.

Next, we will describe the principle of elevator operation in terms of a ship lock operation mode and a ship elevator operation mode, respectively.

(1) Ship lock operation mode:

in the water charging and discharging operation process of the water storage tank, when the water storage tank is arranged on the upper side, the minimum basic air pressure in the Hs is ensured to be p, and the minimum basic air pressure in the Hz space in the pontoon is Hc+Hx+p. When the water storage tank is arranged below, the minimum basic air pressure in the Hs is Hg+p during operation, and the minimum basic air pressure in the Hz space in the pontoon is Hc+Hx+Hg+p. When the double water storage tanks are clamped, the minimum basic air pressure in Hs is ensured to be p, and the minimum basic air pressure in the Hz space in the pontoon is Hc+Hx+Hg+p.

1.1 descent run

At the upstream position of the elevator, the water storage tank needs to store water from the upstream water body, as shown in fig. 4 (a).

The valve that the catch basin is connected upstream water link up, and the upstream water is driven by hc+hx high pressure differential, fills the catch basin through water delivery gallery and connecting tube spare, can realize through calculating the Hs size that after the catch basin fills Hx (1-k) water yield, the increase of in-tank pressure is to filling water self-resistance and is terminated, and lift weight increases Hx (1-k) water weight this moment, and in-tank Hx (1-k) gas is pressed into pontoon space Hs through 0# air flue, and lift height decline Hx (1-k) makes the choke box water inlet be located under the shaft water level.

In the case of the upper case, in the initial Hx (1-k) descent phase, the pressure and volume change associated with Hs can be expressed as the following equation:

Hx(p+Hc+Hx)+Hs*p＝(Hs+Hx*k)(p+Hc+Hx)

under the condition of the following formula:

Hx(p+Hc+Hx+Hg)+Hs(p+Hg)＝(Hs+Hx*k)(p+Hc+Hx+Hg)

under the double-water-storage-tank clamping condition:

(Hs+Hx/2)p＝Hs(Hc+Hx+p)

when the valve of the No. 1 air passage and the water storage tank is opened, the water storage tank is filled with water, and the lifter descends; at the same time, the 0# air passage is closed, the 2# air passage is opened, the water storage groove continuously fills water along with the descending of the lifter, the water storage groove is full of water after the Hk is descended, and k.times.Hx gas remained in the water storage groove is pressed into the pontoon space Hz.

In the case of the overhead, after the Hk descent phase, the pressure and volume changes associated with Hz can be expressed as the following equation:

(Hx*k+Hz)(Hc+Hx+p)＝Hz(Hc+Hx+p+Hk)

under the condition of the following formula:

(Hx*k+Hz)(Hc+Hx+Hg+p)＝Hz(Hc+Hx+Hg+p+Hk)

under the double-water-storage-tank clamping condition:

(Hx/2+Hz)(Hc+Hx+p+Hg)＝Hz(Hc+Hx+p+Hg+Hk)

when the water storage tank is full, the 2# air passage is closed, the 0# air passage is opened, the water storage tank valve is communicated with the downstream water level, and the pressure stored in the Hs space forces the corresponding part of water body in the water storage tank to be discharged downstream (gravity can be used for discharging, and the 0# air passage is communicated with the atmosphere); after the emission, the Hs space pressure is restored to be the base pressure p, the 0# air passage is closed after the restoration, the Hs space base pressure is ensured to be unchanged until the Hs space base pressure is accessed into the upstream water body again, and the next lifting cycle is started.

Under the condition of upper arrangement, after the Hk height is reduced, the internal pressure of the Hs space is discharged to the water y stage in the water storage tank, and the related pressure and volume change is as follows:

hs (p+hc+hx) = (y+hs) p, simplified by y=hx×k.

Under the condition of the following formula:

hs (p+hc+hx+hg) = (y+hs) (p+hg), simplified by y=hx×k.

Under the double-water-storage-tank clamping condition:

Hs(Hc+Hx+p)＝(Hs+Hx/2)p

at this time, the elevator has not fallen in place, the water level of the ship-bearing pool is away from the downstream water level > =hc+hx, the air passage # 2 is kept closed, the water storage tank valve is closed, the elevator continues to descend under the flow control of the throttle valve by taking the weight of the residual water which is not discharged in the water storage tank Hx (1-k) as power until the throttle roof or the throttle valve is closed, and the elevator descends to the downstream water level as shown in fig. 5.

1.2 Up running

The elevator is in a downstream position and the reservoir needs to drain to the downstream body of water, as shown in fig. 5.

The valve of the water storage tank connected with the downstream water body is communicated, when the 2# air passage is opened, the air pressure Hk in the pontoon space Hz forces the water body in the water storage tank to be discharged downstream; after the hydraulic lifting device is discharged, the weight of the lifting device is reduced by Hx (1-k), the floating drum Hz space recovers the basic pressure, the No. 2 air passage is closed immediately after the recovery, the basic pressure in Hz is kept unchanged, the No. 0 air passage is closed continuously until the lifting device rises to an upstream position, and the lifting device is connected with upstream water again to start the next lifting cycle.

Under the condition of overhead, the lifter discharges the residual water in the water storage tank at the downstream water level and the internal air pressure of the Hz space, and the related pressure and volume change are as follows:

Hz(Hk+p+Hc+Hx)+y*p＝(Hz+Hx)(p+Hc+Hx)

in the case of the following, then:

Hz(Hk+p+Hc+Hx+Hg)+y(p+Hg)＝(Hz+Hx)(p+Hc+Hx+Hg)

under the double-water-storage-tank clamping condition:

Hz(Hc+Hx+p+Hg+Hk)＝(Hx/2+Hz)(Hc+Hx+p+Hg)

after transformation, the equation is proved to be true, and the water in the tank is completely emptied. At this time, when the 1# air passage and the throttle valve are opened, the water in the throttle valve returns to the vertical shaft, the elevator ascends with Hx (1-k) as buoyancy under the control of the valve flow until the water in the throttle valve is emptied or the valve is closed, and the elevator ascends to be stopped, as shown in fig. 4 (a).

(2) Ship lift operation mode:

only one air passage is needed to be communicated with an energy storage space in the pontoon under the operation mode of the ship lift, or the water filling of the water storage tank at the upstream and the water discharging at the downstream are completed by the water pump.

2.1 descent run

At the upstream position of the elevator, the water storage tank stores water from the vertical well, as shown in fig. 4 (a).

The water pump pumps the vertical well water and fills the water storage tank, the lift of the selected water pump is approximately larger than Hg+Hx, the water storage tank is filled with Hx/2 to meet the requirement of descending power, the gas Hx/2 in the tank is pressed into the space Hz of the pontoon, and the lifter descends Hx/2 to the water inlet of the water storage tank.

When the 1# air passage and the water storage tank valve are opened, water is fed into the water storage tank, the elevator descends under the control of the flow of the water storage tank valve until the water storage tank top or the water storage tank valve is closed, the elevator descends to the downstream water level, as shown in fig. 5.

2.2 Up running

The elevator is in a downstream position with the reservoir water drained into the shaft as shown in fig. 5.

The valve that catch basin intercommunication shaft water link up, opens the 2# air flue, and catch basin water is discharged in erecting, and lift weight reduces, and in 1# air flue and storage water tank valve were opened, the water returned in the storage water tank to the shaft, and the lift rises under valve flow control, until the inside water of storage water tank is empty or the valve is closed, and the lift rises to terminate, as shown in fig. 4 (a).

In this embodiment, the pontoon is located at the bottom of the elevator, the entire elevator dead weight is borne on the water surface, the space Hs opened up in the pontoon, the pontoon space Hz and the water storage tank Hx are communicated with each other at the top of the water storage tank through the air passage, when the water storage tank is full of the water with the height of Hx, the gas with the heights of Hx (1-k) and Hx are respectively pressed into the pontoon spaces Hs and Hz, and the obtained pressure can force the water storage tank to be discharged downstream when the elevator is located at the downstream position.

The change of the water body dead weight of the water storage tank is to ensure that the elevator has enough sinking and floating force, and assuming that the minimum requirement of the water body is about 0.42m, if hx=1m, when hg=15m, p=10.33m, hc=3m, h=6m, k=0.58, the equation Hx (p+hx+hc) +hs is p= (hs+hx+k) (p+hc+hx), and hs=1.5 m is further provided that: hz=h-Hs, hz=4.5 m.

Hx is filled by equation (hx×k+hz) (hc+hx+p) =hz (hc+hx+p+hk), where hk=1.85 m.

After filling, when Hs releases the internal air pressure, the elevator ensures that the remaining water in the tank can continue to drop by about 0.42m from the equation Hs (p+ht) = (y+hs) p, where y=hx×k=0.58 m.

The equation Hz (hk+p+hc+hx) +y = (hz+hx) (p+hc+hx) can prove that the transformation is true, the lifter can discharge all the residual water in the tank when the lifter is at the downstream, and the lifter can ascend.

The calculation result is as follows: hg is greater than or equal to Hc+Hx+Hk, and the elevator meets the operation conditions of navigation facilities, and the three types of water storage tanks can meet the arrangement requirements of the navigation facilities with the fall of 15m at the upstream and downstream, but obviously, the overhead arrangement has stronger applicability. When the dead weight change of the water body of the water storage tank is about 0.4m, the power requirement of lifting and descending of the elevator can be met, then the operation only needs 1m of water consumption at one time, which is far smaller than the one-time passing water consumption of a common ship lock, therefore, the hydraulic elevator is adopted as navigation facilities, the water saving effect is quite obvious, meanwhile, the water pump efficiency is higher than the mechanical transmission efficiency in the ship elevator mode, the energy saving effect is quite obvious, the operation is reliable, and the maintenance cost is low.

According to the operation principle, under the necessary condition, when the lifter adopts the double-water-storage-tank clamping structure shown in fig. 3, the lower water storage tank is approximately equal to the draft height Hc of the ship bearing tank, the external energy storage space is increased, namely the Hz space is enlarged in an external mode, the lifter can enable the ship bearing tank to sink into the downstream water body under the condition of small upstream and downstream water level difference, vertical shaft water and the downstream water are integrated, and the ship directly enters and exits the ship bearing tank, so that the possibility of canceling a downstream side gate is achieved. The double-water-storage-tank lifter has good water-saving effect when the lifter is circularly operated for one time, and the water consumption is Hx+Hc at most.

The hydraulic lifter provided by the invention has the advantages of saving water and energy and integrating the advantages of a ship lock and a ship lift as a navigation facility, can realize the functions of the conventional navigation facility and the scene application thereof, can be widely applied to places which cannot provide abundant hydraulic resources and are required to achieve the ship lock passing efficiency, and is especially suitable for navigation occasions requiring construction of a water saving pool.

In the scene of the ship navigation overpass shown in fig. 6, the hydraulic lifters are arranged at the left end and the right end of the overpass and run in a ship lift mode, so that the purpose of realizing navigation without lifting the bridge deck can be achieved, and the problem of high bridge reconstruction cost caused by insufficient bridge clearance and high land-sign removal cost is solved instead.

In the scene of the underground navigation tunnel of the ship shown in fig. 7, the hydraulic elevators are arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the tunnel by taking the hydraulic elevators as navigation facilities, and the hydraulic elevators operate in a ship lift mode, so that the high-efficiency three-dimensional cross navigation of different water systems can be achieved, and the number of the once-through ships is the same as that of the ship locks.

The ship bearing pool of the lifter with the double water storage tanks clamped or the double water storage tanks arranged under the lifter can be all submerged in the downstream water body, the ship can directly enter and exit the ship bearing pool, and the ship in the ship bearing pool can be lifted to the required height, so that the ship is convenient to maintain.

In places with water level difference, the elevator can be regarded as a giant elevator driven directly by water power, and the increase and decrease of the water quantity of the upper water storage tank cooperate with the weight change of the bearing object to realize the balance and rebalancing of the self weight and the buoyancy of the elevator and complete the lifting cycle.

The embodiments described above are described in order to facilitate the understanding and application of the present invention to those skilled in the art, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the embodiments described above and that the general principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the need for inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic elevator, comprising:

the control assembly is connected with the balance body and the power assembly and is used for controlling the start and stop of the balance body and the speed of floating and sinking;

the balance body comprises a ship bearing pool and a buoyancy member which are connected with each other, and the density of the buoyancy member is smaller than that of the water body;

the control assembly comprises a throttle box, wherein the throttle box is positioned between the ship bearing pool and the buoyancy member, and the height of the throttle box is determined according to the lifting travel;

the power assembly comprises a water storage tank, a pipeline, an air passage and a valve, wherein the water storage tank is communicated with the outside atmosphere or a balance body through the air passage, the water storage tank is arranged at an upper position, a lower position or a double water storage tank clamping position, the upper position or the water storage tank is positioned above the throttle box, the lower position or the water storage tank is positioned below the throttle box, and the double water storage tank clamping position or the throttle box is positioned between the two water storage tanks;

one end of the pipeline in the power assembly is connected with the water inlet and outlet of the water storage tank, the other end of the pipeline is mutually communicated with the upstream water level, the downstream water level or the water in the vertical shaft, and the valve is arranged on the pipeline, so that the water storage tank can selectively discharge the water to the upstream, downstream and vertical shaft or inject the water into the upstream, downstream and vertical shaft.

2. The hydraulic lift of claim 1 wherein: the control assembly further comprises a pipeline, an air passage and a valve, and the throttle box is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the air passage.

3. The hydraulic lift of claim 1 wherein: the ship bearing pool is internally provided with bearing fluid for floating the navigation ship on the fluid.

4. The hydraulic lift of claim 2 wherein: one end of the pipeline in the control assembly is connected with the water inlet and outlet of the throttle box, the other end of the pipeline is mutually communicated with the water in the vertical shaft, and the valve is arranged on the pipeline, so that the throttle box can discharge the water into the vertical shaft or inject the water into the vertical shaft.

5. The hydraulic lift of claim 1 wherein: the buoyancy member is internally provided with a gas storage cavity in a separated mode, and the gas storage cavity is introduced from the top of the water storage groove through an air passage and is communicated with the water storage groove.

6. The hydraulic lift of claim 1 wherein: and a water pump is also connected to the pipeline in the power assembly.

7. The hydraulic lift of claim 1 wherein: when fluid is in the ship bearing pool, the two ends of the ship bearing pool are provided with gates which are opened downwards in a lifting mode.