CN115432128B - Shallow draft bottom-sitting type platform bottom structure and bottom-sitting control method - Google Patents
Shallow draft bottom-sitting type platform bottom structure and bottom-sitting control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115432128B CN115432128B CN202211205957.0A CN202211205957A CN115432128B CN 115432128 B CN115432128 B CN 115432128B CN 202211205957 A CN202211205957 A CN 202211205957A CN 115432128 B CN115432128 B CN 115432128B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
- B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
Abstract
The bottom structure of the shallow draft bottom-supported platform and the bottom-supported control method comprise a lower floating body of the platform, wherein an upright post is arranged on the lower floating body, the bottom of the lower floating body is a bilge, twelve ballast water tanks are sequentially arranged in the bilge from one end in a counter-clockwise direction, and each ballast water tank is internally provided with a corresponding control valve; the system comprises a platform, a supply ship, a first sea water cavity, a second sea water cavity, a third sea water cavity, a fourth sea water cavity, a second sea water cavity and a third sea water cavity, wherein the supply ship is arranged at one end of the platform, the sea water cavities are symmetrically distributed in pairs, the first sea water cavity and the second sea water cavity are symmetrically distributed, the third sea water cavity and the fourth sea water cavity are symmetrically arranged, and a remote control valve is arranged at the tail end of each sea water cavity; the outer plates at two ends of the lower floating body are provided with water inlets which are structure openings, and a filter screen is arranged at the structure openings; and controlling the water inlet speeds of different ballast water tanks according to the sitting state of the platform, controlling the sitting speed of the platform, reducing abrupt change of wet surface area and keeping the stability of the platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship and ocean structure construction, in particular to a shallow draft bottom-supported platform bottom structure and a bottom-supported control method.
Background
The bottom-supported platform is generally composed of an upper building, an upper floating body, an upright post and a lower floating body, wherein the lower floating body is immersed in seawater and is a key part for influencing the stability of a broken cabin of the platform.
After the bottoming platform tows to the target sea area, the bottoming platform needs to be ballasted quickly within a specified time to perform bottoming operation. Due to the specificity of the bottom structure of the platform, along with continuous injection of ballast water, the lower floating body gradually sinks to the joint of the lower floating body and the upright posts, the lower floating body is completely immersed in water, only four upright posts are in contact with seawater, the wet area of the platform is suddenly reduced, and at the moment, the original stability of the platform is damaged and is easy to destabilize. How to ensure the rapid floating of the platform and maintain the floating stability of the platform is a technical difficulty in construction process.
Aiming at a bottom-supported platform in a shallower draft area, especially considering that the target sea area is small in water depth and the platform is shallower in draft, the overall size and equipment arrangement space of the platform are limited, the platform often does not have larger equipment, the power of a power station is limited, and the power load only meets the requirement in daily operation; meanwhile, when the platform is at the end of towing and is ready to float downwards, the ballast water injection can be required to be completed in a short time to quickly sit on the bottom in consideration of weather and tide effects. After the platform sits on the bottom, the platform hardly floats again in the life cycle, and if a high-power ballast water pump is configured, firstly, higher requirements are put on a platform power station, the capacity of the power station is wasted, and the initial cost is increased; secondly, the high-power ballast water pumps can not be used after the bottom is seated, so that equipment is empty and wasted, construction and maintenance cost and maintenance workload are increased, and thirdly, if a sea water valve of a lower floating body sea door fails, sea water is easy to enter an inner cabin, the internal equipment of a platform is submerged, and great influence is caused on the safety of the platform.
How to ensure the good stability all the time when the shallow draft bottom-supported platform floats downwards, and reduce the construction cost and the probability of immersing the inner cabin of the platform in seawater, is a key difficulty to be solved when the platform is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a shallow draft bottom-supported platform bottom structure and a bottom-supported control method for solving the problems of shallow draft bottom-supported closing stability and construction cost saving.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the bottom structure of the shallow draft bottom-supported platform comprises a lower floating body of the platform, wherein an upright post is arranged on the lower floating body, the bottom of the lower floating body is provided with a bilge, a first ballast water tank, a second ballast water tank, a third ballast water tank, a fourth ballast water tank, a sixth ballast water tank, an eighth ballast water tank, a twelfth ballast water tank, an eleventh ballast water tank, a tenth ballast water tank, a ninth ballast water tank, a seventh ballast water tank and a fifth ballast water tank are sequentially arranged in the bilge from one end in a anticlockwise direction, and a corresponding control valve is arranged in each ballast water tank; one end of the platform is provided with a supplying ship, the platform is provided with sea water cavities which are symmetrically distributed in pairs and are respectively a first sea water cavity and a second sea water cavity which are symmetrical, the first seawater cavity and the fourth seawater cavity are symmetrically arranged, the second seawater cavity and the third seawater cavity are symmetrically arranged, and a remote control valve is arranged at the tail end of each seawater cavity; the outer plates at two ends of the lower floating body are provided with water inlets which are structure openings, and filter screens are arranged at the structure openings.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the height of the sea water cavity is consistent with that of the lower floating body.
The length of the sea water cavity is the same as that of the outer plate.
Each seawater cavity is internally provided with a seawater channel corresponding to the ballast water tank.
The seawater channel is a structural channel.
The seawater channels are communicated with the seawater cavities, and the seawater is smoothly drained to the corresponding ballast water tanks.
A bulkhead is arranged between each ballast water tank.
The protection level of the remote control valve meets IP66.
The height of the water inlet is lower than the draft height of the platform under the towing working condition.
A bottom control method of a bottom structure of a shallow draft bottom-supported platform comprises the following steps:
s1: the platform is floated downwards,
injecting seawater into each ballast water tank through the seawater cavity and the seawater flow channel;
s1.1: according to the stability and posture conditions of the platform, the posture of the platform is adjusted by injecting each ballast water tank in the lower floating body;
the platform floats on the water surface in a designed posture;
s1.2: the platform begins to sink down and the platform,
the platform begins to sink in a designed posture, the original posture of the platform is kept to slowly sink through the water injection work of each ballast water tank,
meanwhile, control valves of each ballast water tank are controlled symmetrically, and the opening degree of the valves is regulated according to the flow fed back by each control valve, so that the flow passing through each control valve is consistent;
at the moment, the platform gradually sinks under the action of synchronous water injection of the berthing side and the non-berthing side water carrying tanks; until the sea water is just submerged in the floating body, the upright post contacts the sea water;
s2: the plateau passes through the wet surface area abrupt change critical point,
when the upright post is about to contact seawater, stopping water injection of each ballast water tank of the platform, and stopping sinking of the platform;
at the moment, the valve is controlled remotely, so that the gravity center of the platform is deviated to the berthing side, the platform is tilted at the non-berthing side, the upright post at the berthing side enters water, and the immersing action of the upright post at the side is completed;
the remote control valve is used for recovering the gravity center of the platform to the designed gravity center position again, the platform is recovered to be flat-floating from inclination, the stand columns are contacted with seawater, and the platform completes the water inlet action of the wet surface;
s3: the platform is arranged at the bottom of the seat,
after the platform passes through the critical point of the wet surface area, the control valve is remotely controlled, so that the seawater enters each ballast tank through each seawater runner simultaneously, and the platform is accelerated to sink to sit on the bottom until the bottom sitting action is completed;
s4: automatically adjusts, stabilizes the sitting bottom,
and restarting the related control valve, and automatically adjusting the valve.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, the sea water cavity is arranged in the lower floating body at the berthing side of the platform, the water inlets are arranged on the outer plates at the two ends of the sea water cavity, the sea water filter screen is arranged at the same time, the impurities with larger particles can be blocked outside and prevented from entering the sea water cavity, the sea water flow passage is arranged at the bottom of the sea water cavity and corresponds to the ballast water cavity, the sea water is controlled to enter and exit the ballast water cavity through the remote control valve arranged at the tail end of the sea water flow passage, meanwhile, the water inlet speeds of different ballast water tanks are controlled according to the seating state of the platform, the seating speed of the platform is controlled, the abrupt change of the wet surface area is reduced, and the stability of the platform is maintained.
The invention can effectively solve the problem of the stability of the foundation of the shallow draft platform and save the construction cost.
Meanwhile, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention utilizes the floating body structure under the platform to construct the seawater flow channel, thereby effectively reducing the external pipelines and reducing the construction workload;
2. the structural flow channel effectively increases the structural strength of the lower floating body and improves the total strength of the platform while guaranteeing the diversion of seawater;
3. according to the invention, the seawater cavity is formed between the platform outer plate and the ballast water tank, so that the equipment soaking caused by seawater entering the platform due to the failure of the seawater valve can be effectively avoided, the safety of the platform is greatly improved, and the viability is improved;
4. the structure type of the invention can eliminate the influence of the high-power ballast water pump on the capacity of the shallow draft platform power station, and effectively solve the problem of bottom sitting of the platform under the condition of limited capacity of the power station;
5. the structure form of the invention can effectively avoid abrupt change of wet surface area when the platform sits on the bottom, and improve the safety of the platform when sitting on the bottom.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom compartment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sea water chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first seawater chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the first seawater chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a view in the direction a of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a view in the B direction of fig. 1.
Wherein: 1. supplying the ship; 2. a filter screen; 3. a first seawater cavity; 4. a first ballast water tank; 5. bilge; 6. a ballast water tank No. two; 7. a third ballast water tank; 8. a second sea water cavity; 9. a fifth ballast water tank; 10. a seventh ballast water tank; 11. a sixth ballast water tank; 12. a ballast water tank No. eight; 13. a ballast water tank No. nine; 14. a No. four sea water cavity; 15. a ballast water tank No. ten; 16. eleven ballast water tanks; 17. a No. three sea water cavity; 18. twelve ballast water tanks; 19. a remote control valve; 20. a fourth ballast water tank; 21. a sea water channel; 22. an outer plate; 23. a column; 24. a bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the bottom structure of the shallow draft bottom-supported platform of the present embodiment includes a lower floating body of the platform, an upright post 23 is provided on the lower floating body, the bottom of the lower floating body is a bilge 5, a first ballast water tank 4, a second ballast water tank 6, a third ballast water tank 7, a fourth ballast water tank 20, a sixth ballast water tank 11, a eighth ballast water tank 12, a twelve ballast water tank 18, an eleventh ballast water tank 16, a tenth ballast water tank 15, a ninth ballast water tank 13, a seventh ballast water tank 10 and a fifth ballast water tank 9 are sequentially provided in the bilge 5 from one end in a counterclockwise direction, and a corresponding control valve is provided in each ballast water tank; the system comprises a platform, a supply ship 1, a sea water cavity, a first sea water cavity 3, a second sea water cavity 8, a third sea water cavity 17, a fourth sea water cavity 14, a second sea water cavity 8, a third sea water cavity 17 and a fourth sea water cavity 14, wherein the sea water cavity 3, the second sea water cavity 8, the third sea water cavity 17, the remote control valve 19 and the remote control valve 19 are symmetrically arranged at the tail end of each sea water cavity; the outer plates 22 at the two ends of the lower floating body are provided with water inlets which are structure openings, and the filter screen 2 is arranged at the structure openings.
The height of the sea water cavity is consistent with that of the lower floating body.
The length of the sea chest is the same as the length of the outer plate 22.
Each seawater chamber is provided with a seawater passage 21 corresponding to the ballast water tank.
The seawater channel 21 is a structural flow channel.
The seawater channel 21 is communicated with the seawater cavity and is used for smoothly draining seawater to the corresponding ballast water tank.
A bulkhead is arranged between each ballast water tank.
The protection level of the remote control valve 19 satisfies IP66.
The height of the water inlet is lower than the draft height of the platform under towing conditions.
The bottom control method of the bottom structure of the shallow draft bottom-supported platform of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: the platform is floated downwards,
injecting seawater into each ballast water tank through the seawater cavity and the seawater flow channel;
s1.1: according to the stability and posture conditions of the platform, the posture of the platform is adjusted by injecting each ballast water tank in the lower floating body;
the platform floats on the water surface in a designed posture;
s1.2: the platform begins to sink down and the platform,
the platform begins to sink in a designed posture, the original posture of the platform is kept to slowly sink through the water injection work of each ballast water tank,
meanwhile, control valves of each ballast water tank are controlled symmetrically, and the opening degree of the valves is regulated according to the flow fed back by each control valve, so that the flow passing through each control valve is consistent;
at the moment, the platform gradually sinks under the action of synchronous water injection of the berthing side and the non-berthing side water carrying tanks; until the sea water is just submerged in the floating body, the upright post 23 contacts the sea water;
s2: the plateau passes through the wet surface area abrupt change critical point,
when the upright post 23 is about to contact seawater, stopping water injection of each ballast water tank of the platform, and stopping sinking of the platform;
at the moment, the valve is controlled remotely, so that the gravity center of the platform is deviated to the berthing side, the platform is tilted at the non-berthing side, the upright post 23 at the berthing side enters water, and the immersing action of the side upright post 23 is completed;
the remote control valve is used for recovering the gravity center of the platform to the designed gravity center position again, the platform is recovered to be flat-floating from inclination, the upright posts 23 are contacted with seawater, and the platform completes the water inlet action of the wet surface;
s3: the platform is arranged at the bottom of the seat,
after the platform passes through the critical point of the wet surface area, the control valve is remotely controlled, so that the seawater enters each ballast tank through each seawater runner simultaneously, and the platform is accelerated to sink to sit on the bottom until the bottom sitting action is completed;
s4: automatically adjusts, stabilizes the sitting bottom,
and restarting the related control valve, and automatically adjusting the valve.
The specific structure and functions of the bottom structure of the shallow draft bottom-supported platform are as follows:
the invention provides a sea water cavity in a lower floating body at the berthing side of a ship, wherein the sea water cavity is formed by the structure of the lower floating body and participates in the structural strength of the lower floating body, and the sea water cavity is characterized in that:
the height of the sea water cavity is consistent with that of the lower floating body;
the sea water cavity length is the length of the lower floating body side outer plate 22.
The width of the seawater cavity can ensure that the capacity of the seawater cavity meets the requirement of ballast water when the platform sits at the bottom;
the sea chest uses the outer plate 22 of the lower float, a portion of the upper deck and a portion of the bottom plate 24, while a watertight bulkhead is provided inside the ballast tank.
The seawater chamber may isolate the lower float interior ballast tank from the outer plate 22 while increasing the structural strength of the lower float.
Meanwhile, a communicated sea water cavity is arranged in the opposite-side lower floating body at the berthing side, and the characteristics of the sea water cavity at the berthing side are consistent with those of the sea water cavity at the berthing side.
The outer plates 22 at the two ends of the sea water cavity are provided with water inlets which are structurally open, meanwhile, the filter screen 2 is arranged, impurities with larger particles can be blocked outside and prevented from entering the sea water cavity, and meanwhile, the size of the openings is determined according to the capacity of the sea water cavity, so that the requirement of the platform on the sea water quantity when sitting at the bottom is met.
Meanwhile, the height of the water inlet is lower than the draft of the platform under the towing working condition, so that the water inlet is always under the waterline under any working condition.
A seawater runner is arranged at the bottom of the seawater cavity and corresponds to the ballast water tank, and is a structural runner which participates in structural strength, so that the structural strength of the lower floating body is enhanced while the seawater is supplied.
The sea water cavity in the berthing side lower appendage and the sea water cavity in the contralateral lower floating body are connected and communicated through the sea water flow passage at the outermost end, so that the pressure balance in the sea water cavity is ensured, and the free flow of sea water in the sea water cavity can be ensured.
The sectional area of the seawater flow passage meets the seawater demand of the corresponding ballast water tank.
The seawater flow passage is communicated with the seawater cavity, so that seawater can be smoothly drained to the corresponding ballast water tank;
when the seawater runner penetrates through the watertight bulkhead, the watertight integrity of the bulkhead is ensured.
A remote control valve 19 is arranged at the tail end of the seawater flow passage, the remote control valve 19 can be immersed in seawater, and the protection level of the remote control valve meets IP66.
The remote control valve 19 is communicated with the ballast water tank and the seawater flow passage, and the seawater can be controlled to enter and exit the ballast water tank by opening and closing the remote control valve 19.
The valve body of the remote control valve 19 is connected with the seawater runner in the ballast water tank through a seat plate, and the outlet of the valve body is communicated with the ballast water tank;
the driving end of the remote control valve 19 is arranged on the bulkhead inside the ballast water tank, so that emergency operation or maintenance of a shipman can be facilitated.
The driving end of the remote control valve 19 is connected with the valve body through an extended valve rod, and the valve rod ensures watertight at the penetrating part when the ship is over-pressurized on the inner wall of the water carrying cabin.
The end of the remote control valve 19 is provided with a flowmeter, so that the flow of the seawater passing through the remote control valve 19 can be monitored in real time.
Each ballast water tank around the floating body under the platform corresponds to a sea water flow passage and a remote control valve 19. Ensuring that the seawater required by the ballast tank is smoothly led into the ballast tank from the seawater cavity through the seawater flow passage and the remote control valve 19.
When the platform is built, the seawater cavity and the seawater channel are used as the structure, and an external pipe system is not needed.
When the platform tows to the target sea area, the platform enters a bottom working condition.
Because the lower floating body is partially immersed in the seawater, and still a part of the lower floating body is on the waterline, at the moment, the seawater in the seawater cavity is consistent with the external seawater in height, the seawater flow passage is arranged at the bottom of the seawater cavity, and the control valve for controlling the first ballast water tank 4 on the berthing side and the control valve for controlling the second ballast water tank on the non-berthing side and the control valve for controlling the tenth ballast water tank 15 on the non-berthing side, the control valve for controlling the third ballast water tank 7 on the berthing side and the control valve for controlling the eleventh ballast water tank 16 on the non-berthing side and the control valve for controlling the fourth ballast water tank 20 on the berthing side and the control valve for controlling the ninth ballast water tank 13 on the non-berthing side are simultaneously opened.
Seawater enters the first ballast water tank 4 through a seawater flow passage and a control valve of the first ballast water tank 4, enters the second ballast water tank 6 through a seawater flow passage and a control valve of the second ballast water tank 6, enters the third ballast water tank 7 through a seawater flow passage and a control valve of the third ballast water tank 7, enters the fourth ballast water tank 20 through a control valve of the seawater flow passage and the fourth ballast water tank 20, enters the ninth ballast water tank 13 through a control valve of the seawater flow passage and the ninth ballast water tank 13, enters the tenth ballast water tank 15 through a control valve of the seawater flow passage and the tenth ballast water tank 15, enters the eleventh ballast water tank 16 through a control valve of the seawater flow passage and the eleventh ballast water tank 16, and enters the twelfth ballast water tank 18 through a control valve of the seawater flow passage and the twelfth ballast water tank 18.
The ballast water enters each appointed ballast water tank in a large quantity, and the platform is quickly submerged. When the under-platform float is fully submerged in water. The control valve of the first ballast water tank 4, the control valve of the second ballast water tank 6, the control valve of the third ballast water tank 7, the control valve of the fourth ballast water tank 20, the control valve of the ninth ballast water tank 13, the control valve of the tenth ballast water tank 15, the control valve of the eleventh ballast water tank 16 and the control valve of the twelfth ballast water tank 18 are closed by remote control. External seawater stops entering each ballast water tank in the lower floating body, and the platform stops sinking.
At this time, the platform waterline is located at the junction of the lower floating body and the upright post 23, and the platform wet surface area is at the abrupt critical point. At this time, the control valve of the fifth ballast tank 9 and the control valve of the sixth ballast tank 11 are remotely controlled to be opened gradually, seawater in the seawater cavity slowly enters the fifth ballast tank 9 through the seawater flow passage and slowly enters the sixth ballast tank 11 through the seawater flow passage, the gravity center of the platform is shifted to the berthing side, the platform is tilted at the non-berthing side, the berthing side stand column 23 enters the water, and the immersing action of the side stand column 23 is completed. Ensure the slow change of the wet surface of the platform and avoid the mutation condition.
Simultaneously, a control valve of the seventh ballast water tank 10 and a control valve of the eighth ballast water tank 12 are remotely controlled to be opened, and seawater in the seawater cavity enters the seventh ballast water tank 10 through a seawater flow passage and enters the eighth ballast water tank 12 through a seawater flow passage.
The gravity center of the platform is restored to the designed gravity center position again, the platform is restored to the flat floating state from the inclination, the upright posts 23 are contacted with seawater, and the platform completes the water inlet action of the wet surface. At this time, the control valve of the fifth ballast water tank 9, the control valve of the sixth ballast water tank 11, the control valve of the seventh ballast water tank 10, and the control valve of the eighth ballast water tank 12 are closed.
Simultaneously, the control valve of the first ballast water tank 4, the control valve of the second ballast water tank 6, the control valve of the third ballast water tank 7, the control valve of the fourth ballast water tank 20, the control valve of the ninth ballast water tank 13, the control valve of the tenth ballast water tank 15, the control valve of the eleventh ballast water tank 16 and the control valve of the twelfth ballast water tank 18 are opened in a remote control manner. Sea water enters each ballast tank through each sea water flow passage at the same time, and the platform is accelerated to sink to sit on the bottom until the bottom sitting action is completed.
At this time, the control valve of the first ballast water tank 4, the control valve of the second ballast water tank 6, the control valve of the third ballast water tank 7, the control valve of the fourth ballast water tank 20, the control valve of the ninth ballast water tank 13, the control valve of the tenth ballast water tank 15, the control valve of the eleventh ballast water tank 16, and the control valve of the twelfth ballast water tank 18 are closed.
The control valve of the fifth ballast water tank 9, the control valve of the sixth ballast water tank 11, the control valve of the seventh ballast water tank 10, and the control valve of the eighth ballast water tank 12 are re-opened.
Because the platform is at the bottom, the five-number ballast water tank 9, the six-number ballast water tank 11, the seven-number ballast water tank 10 and the eight-number ballast water tank 12 are used as regulating water tanks, when the tide acts, the seawater in the four ballast water tanks is communicated with the external seawater, and the automatic water injection action is completed timely and effectively aiming at the external sea conditions. The gravity of the platform can be ensured to be enough to overcome the upward pulling force of waves, and the sitting force is increased, so that the platform is ensured to be stably and firmly sitting on the target seabed.
In the actual working process:
platform (I) floats downwards
In this case, it is necessary to fill the specific ballast water tank with seawater through the seawater chamber and the seawater flow passage.
(1) According to the stability and posture conditions of the platform, the posture of the platform is adjusted by injecting each ballast water tank in the lower floating body.
Assuming that the left side of the platform is at this point deeper, the attitude of the platform needs to be adjusted before sinking. The control valves of the four ballast water tanks, namely, the right nine ballast water tank 13, the tenth ballast water tank 15, the eleven ballast water tank 16, the twelve ballast water tank 18 and the like, are opened, the seawater in the seawater cavity flows into the ballast water tanks, the draft on the right side of the platform is gradually increased until the left draft and the right draft are consistent, and the water injection of the four ballast water tanks is stopped.
The platform floats on the water surface in a designed attitude.
(2) The platform begins to sink
In the process, the platform begins to sink in the design attitude. The water is injected into each ballast water tank at the left side and the right side, so that the platform keeps the original posture and slowly sinks.
The control valve for symmetrically controlling the first ballast water tank 4 on the berthing side and the control valve for controlling the second ballast water tank on the non-berthing side and the control valve for controlling the tenth ballast water tank 15 on the berthing side, the control valve for controlling the third ballast water tank 7 on the berthing side and the control valve for controlling the eleventh ballast water tank 16 on the non-berthing side, and the control valve for controlling the fourth ballast water tank 20 on the berthing side and the control valve for controlling the ninth ballast water tank 13 on the non-berthing side are simultaneously opened. And the opening of the valve is regulated according to the flow fed back by each control valve, so that the flow passing through each control valve is consistent.
At this time, the platform gradually sinks under the action of synchronous water injection of the berthing side and the non-berthing side water carrying tanks. Until the sea water is just about to submerge the float, the columns 23 contact the sea water.
(II) plateau through the critical point of abrupt change of wet surface area
When the upright posts 23 are about to contact seawater, the water injection of each ballast tank of the platform is stopped, and the platform stops sinking. At this time, the control valve of the fifth ballast tank 9 and the control valve of the sixth ballast tank 11 are remotely controlled to be opened gradually, seawater in the seawater cavity slowly enters the fifth ballast tank 9 through the seawater flow passage and slowly enters the sixth ballast tank 11 through the seawater flow passage, the gravity center of the platform is shifted to the berthing side, the platform is tilted at the non-berthing side, the berthing side stand column 23 enters the water, and the immersing action of the side stand column 23 is completed. Ensure the slow change of the wet surface of the platform and avoid the mutation condition.
Simultaneously, a control valve of the seventh ballast water tank 10 and a control valve of the eighth ballast water tank 12 are remotely controlled to be opened, and seawater in the seawater cavity enters the seventh ballast water tank 10 through a seawater flow passage and enters the eighth ballast water tank 12 through a seawater flow passage.
The gravity center of the platform is restored to the designed gravity center position again, the platform is restored to the flat floating state from the inclination, the upright posts 23 are contacted with seawater, and the platform completes the water inlet action of the wet surface. At this time, the control valve of the fifth ballast water tank 9, the control valve of the sixth ballast water tank 11, the control valve of the seventh ballast water tank 10, and the control valve of the eighth ballast water tank 12 are closed.
(III) platform seat bottom
After the platform passes the critical point of the wet surface area, the control valve of the first ballast water tank 4, the control valve of the second ballast water tank 6, the control valve of the third ballast water tank 7, the control valve of the fourth ballast water tank 20, the control valve of the ninth ballast water tank 13, the control valve of the tenth ballast water tank 15, the control valve of the eleventh ballast water tank 16, and the control valve of the twelfth ballast water tank 18 are simultaneously opened. Sea water enters each ballast tank through each sea water flow passage at the same time, and the platform is accelerated to sink to sit on the bottom until the bottom sitting action is completed.
At this time, the control valve of the first ballast water tank 4, the control valve of the second ballast water tank 6, the control valve of the third ballast water tank 7, the control valve of the fourth ballast water tank 20, the control valve of the ninth ballast water tank 13, the control valve of the tenth ballast water tank 15, the control valve of the eleventh ballast water tank 16, and the control valve of the twelfth ballast water tank 18 are closed.
(IV) automatic adjustment and stable sitting bottom
The control valve of the fifth ballast water tank 9, the control valve of the sixth ballast water tank 11, the control valve of the seventh ballast water tank 10, and the control valve of the eighth ballast water tank 12 are re-opened.
As the platform sits down, a fifth ballast water tank 9, a sixth ballast water tank 11, a seventh ballast water tank 10, and an eighth ballast water tank 12 are used as the regulating water tanks. When the tide acts, the seawater in the four ballast water tanks is communicated with the external seawater, and the automatic water injection action is completed timely and effectively aiming at the external sea conditions. The gravity of the platform can be ensured to be enough to overcome the upward pulling force of waves, and the sitting force is increased, so that the platform is ensured to be stably and firmly sitting on the target seabed.
The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A control method of a bottom structure of a shallow draft bottom-supported platform comprises the following steps: including the lower body of platform, be provided with stand (23) on the lower body, its characterized in that: the bottom of the lower floating body is provided with a bilge (5), a first ballast water tank (4), a second ballast water tank (6), a third ballast water tank (7), a fourth ballast water tank (20), a sixth ballast water tank (11), a eighth ballast water tank (12), a twelfth ballast water tank (18), an eleventh ballast water tank (16), a tenth ballast water tank (15), a ninth ballast water tank (13), a seventh ballast water tank (10) and a fifth ballast water tank (9) are sequentially arranged in the bilge (5) from one end in a anticlockwise direction, and a corresponding control valve is arranged in each ballast water tank; the system comprises a platform, a supply ship (1) arranged at one end of the platform, sea water cavities arranged on the platform, a first sea water cavity (3) and a second sea water cavity (8) which are symmetrical, a third sea water cavity (17) and a fourth sea water cavity (14) which are symmetrical, wherein the first sea water cavity (3) and the fourth sea water cavity (14) are symmetrically arranged, the second sea water cavity (8) and the third sea water cavity (17) are symmetrically arranged, and a remote control valve (19) is arranged at the tail end of each sea water cavity; the outer plates (22) at the two ends of the lower floating body are provided with water inlets which are structure openings, and a filter screen (2) is arranged at the structure openings; each seawater cavity is internally provided with a seawater channel (21) corresponding to the ballast water tank;
the control method comprises the following steps:
s1: the platform is floated downwards,
injecting seawater into each ballast water tank through the seawater cavity and the seawater channel (21);
s1.1: according to the stability and posture conditions of the platform, the posture of the platform is adjusted by injecting each ballast water tank in the lower floating body;
the platform floats on the water surface in a designed posture;
s1.2: the platform begins to sink down and the platform,
the platform begins to sink in a designed posture, the original posture of the platform is kept to slowly sink through the water injection work of each ballast water tank,
meanwhile, control valves of each ballast water tank are controlled symmetrically, and the opening degree of the valves is regulated according to the flow fed back by each control valve, so that the flow passing through each control valve is consistent;
at the moment, the platform gradually sinks under the action of synchronous water injection of the berthing side and the non-berthing side water carrying tanks; until the sea water is just submerged in the floating body, the upright post (23) contacts the sea water;
s2: the plateau passes through the wet surface area abrupt change critical point,
when the upright post (23) is about to contact seawater, stopping water injection of each ballast water tank of the platform, and stopping sinking of the platform;
at the moment, the valve is controlled remotely, so that the gravity center of the platform is deviated to the berthing side, the platform is tilted at the non-berthing side, the upright post (23) at the berthing side enters water, and the immersing action of the side upright post (23) is completed;
the remote control valve is used for recovering the gravity center of the platform to the designed gravity center position again, the platform is recovered to be flat floating from inclination, the stand columns (23) are contacted with seawater, and the platform completes the water inlet action of the wet surface;
s3: the platform is arranged at the bottom of the seat,
after the platform passes through the critical point of the wet surface area, the control valve is remotely controlled, so that the seawater enters each ballast tank through each seawater channel (21) simultaneously, and the platform is accelerated to sink to sit on the bottom until the bottom sitting action is completed;
s4: automatically adjusts, stabilizes the sitting bottom,
and restarting the related control valve, and automatically adjusting the valve.
2. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: the height of the sea water cavity is consistent with that of the lower floating body.
3. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: the length of the sea water cavity is the same as that of the outer plate (22).
4. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: the seawater channel (21) is a structural flow channel.
5. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: the seawater channel (21) is communicated with the seawater cavity, and the seawater is smoothly drained to the corresponding ballast water tank.
6. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: a bulkhead is arranged between each ballast water tank.
7. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: the protection level of the remote control valve (19) meets IP66.
8. A method of controlling a shallow draft, bottom-supported platform substructure according to claim 1 wherein: the height of the water inlet is lower than the draft height of the platform under the towing working condition.
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| DE1109557B (en) * | 1958-11-05 | 1961-06-22 | Gustav Kuhr | Closed lifeboat made of plastic, in shell construction, to be carried on board seagoing vessels |
| EP2096026B1 (en) * | 2006-12-09 | 2014-10-29 | National University Corporation Yokohama National University | Ship buoyancy control system |
| CN107685838A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-13 | 中集海洋工程研究院有限公司 | The ballasting system and its ballast method of Semi-submersible type hoisting platform |
| CN209069744U (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-07-05 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | A kind of bottom-sitting type wind turbine installation vessel |
| CN109238863A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-18 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | A kind of seat bottom structure and seat baselap ballast test method for wind turbine installation vessel |
| CN112078742A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-15 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Annular ballast water system of column-stabilized platform |
| CN113636026B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-05-20 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Rapid ballast system of semi-submersible type hoisting and dismantling platform and operation method thereof |
| CN112977741B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-05-17 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Shallow water semi-submersible type sitting bottom type guarantee platform |
| CN113212641A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-06 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Bottom-sitting boat |
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