CN111852751B - Device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by using buoyancy of water and gravity of object - Google Patents
Device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by using buoyancy of water and gravity of object Download PDFInfo
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- CN111852751B CN111852751B CN202010802832.0A CN202010802832A CN111852751B CN 111852751 B CN111852751 B CN 111852751B CN 202010802832 A CN202010802832 A CN 202010802832A CN 111852751 B CN111852751 B CN 111852751B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/02—Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
- F03B15/02—Controlling by varying liquid flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by using buoyancy of water and gravity of an object, which relates to the technical field of clean energy of water conservancy power generation, and the device for improving the water flow speed by using the water and a floating device is connected with a water generator to carry out the water conservancy power generation; the device for improving the water flow speed by utilizing the water and the floating device can close the first water inlet valve after the water enters the water tank and the executing mechanism to store water simultaneously by opening the first water inlet valve, so that the floating device in the water tank drives the executing mechanism to vertically float to a certain height, then the first water inlet valve is closed, the drain valve is opened, the executing mechanism is driven to vertically move downwards by utilizing the weight of the water and the floating device in the water tank, and water is quickly discharged through the water outlet pipe, thereby the water generator works and generates electricity, the device for improving the water flow speed by only utilizing the water and the floating device can effectively reduce the damage to the surrounding living environment, the device breaks through the electricity generation and water conservancy transportation in lakes or large-scale pools with a certain amount of water resources without water flow, and the construction cost is greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of clean energy for hydropower generation, and particularly relates to a device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by using buoyancy of water and gravity of an object.
Background
In daily life, a dam needs to be built on a large water flow rate of a common hydroelectric generation system, so that the construction cost is high, and the surrounding ecological environment is greatly influenced. In addition, a large amount of water resources exist, and the lake with no flowing water source can not utilize the water resources to generate electricity.
It is common in everyday life to ship large cargo ships at sea for cargo, which means that ships can carry large quantities of cargo as long as there is enough water. It is also sometimes seen that some vessels are left on shore due to lack of water after the seawater has been backed off, but the weight of the vessel is unchanged. This shows that the ship can be controlled to ascend and descend in a large water pool only by controlling the amount of water, and the weight of the object is not changed. Therefore, there is a need for a device for generating electricity and transporting water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of objects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by using buoyancy of water and gravity of an object, thereby overcoming the defect that the existing water conservancy power generation system needs to build a dam at a place with large water flow and has high cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object, wherein a water delivery device for delivering water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of a floating device is connected with a water generator to carry out hydroelectric power generation or deliver water to a destination; the water supply device comprises:
the water tank is arranged beside the water source, and the top of the water tank is higher than the water source;
the groove is arranged on the inner wall of the water tank, the groove is positioned in the middle of the inner wall of the water tank, and the bottom of the groove is not contacted with the bottom of the water tank;
one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the bottom of one side wall of the water tank, a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe, and whether the water in the water tank is discharged or not can be controlled through the drain valve;
the first water inlet valve is arranged on the side wall of the water tank close to the water source, is communicated with the water source, and enables water of the water source to flow into the water tank through the first water inlet valve;
the water surfaces on the left side and the right side of the groove are respectively provided with one floating device; and
the lifting mechanism is arranged in the groove and is respectively connected with the two floating devices, and the lifting mechanism is of a lifting structure capable of storing water and discharging water;
the water generator is connected with the water outlet end of the lifting mechanism, when water enters the water tank through the first water inlet valve, the floating device in the water tank floats upwards by the buoyancy of the water to drive the lifting mechanism to float, and meanwhile, the lifting mechanism stores water; when the water tank drains water through the drain pipe, the lifting mechanism is driven to move downwards by the water level in the water tank and the weight of the floating device, the lifting mechanism moves downwards under the pressure of the water level drop and the weight of the floating device, water is drained through the water outlet end, and the water generator generates electricity according to the water drained from the water outlet end or conveys the water drained from the water outlet end to a destination.
Further, the lifting mechanism includes:
the water storage device is arranged at the bottom in the groove and is a telescopic water storage device;
one end of the water inlet pipe penetrates through the bottom of the groove to be communicated with the water storage device, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the water source;
a second water inlet valve arranged on the water inlet pipe;
the support frame is respectively connected with the two floating devices, arranged above the water storage device and capable of moving up and down in the groove; and
and one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with one end of the water storage device, and the other end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through or bypasses the bottom end of the support frame to extend out.
Further, the support frame comprises:
the main board is positioned above the water tank;
one end of the first connecting rod is connected with one end below the main plate, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected with the floating device on one side of the groove;
one end of the second connecting rod is connected with the other end below the main plate, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected with the floating device on the other side of the groove;
the pressing plate is arranged above the water storage device;
the two ends of the pressing plate, which are close to the two floating devices, are respectively provided with a connecting plate, one end of each connecting plate is connected with the pressing plate, and the other end of each connecting plate is provided with at least one limiting ring;
the side wall of the groove is provided with a limiting column matched with the limiting ring, and the limiting ring is sleeved on the limiting column, so that the connecting plate is provided with the movable pressing plate to reduce left-right shaking and unbalanced pressing when the limiting column moves up and down; and
and one end of the third connecting rod is connected with the pressing plate, the other end of the third connecting rod is connected with the main board, and the main board, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod, the pressing plate and the connecting plate can move along with the movement of the floating device through the third connecting rod and the main board.
Further, the water supply device further includes:
the water level upper limit sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the groove and used for monitoring the upper limit water level of the groove;
a water level lower limit sensor disposed on an inner wall of the recess below the water level upper limit sensor; and
and the controller is respectively connected with the upper water level limit sensor, the lower water level limit sensor, the first water inlet valve, the lifting mechanism and the water discharge valve and is used for controlling the first water inlet valve and the water discharge valve to be opened or closed and the lifting mechanism to store water and discharge water according to the information of the upper water level limit sensor and the lower water level limit sensor.
Furthermore, a plurality of water delivery devices are connected with one or more water generators to generate electricity by water power or deliver water to a destination.
Further, four water delivery devices are adopted to be connected with a water generator, and the four water delivery devices are respectively: a first water delivery device, a second water delivery device, a third water delivery device and a fourth water delivery device;
the water inlet pipe of the first water delivery device is communicated with the bottom of the water tank of the fourth water delivery device, the bottom of the water tank of the first water delivery device is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the second water delivery device, the bottom of the water tank of the second water delivery device is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the third water delivery device, and the bottom of the water tank of the third water delivery device is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the fourth water delivery device;
the water generator is respectively connected with the water outlet pipes of the four water delivery devices, and the water flow flowing out of the water outlet pipes of the four water delivery devices is used for generating electricity or delivering the electricity to a destination.
Further, the water generator is arranged above the water source.
Further, the water level of the power generation and water conservancy transportation device is divided into from high to low by utilizing the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object: the highest layer, the middle water layer and the low water layer; the water level of the highest layer is the water surface height of the water source and is used for providing a water source, and the water source is one of rivers, lakes or large pools; the middle water layer is the height of the water surface in the water tank and is used for providing buoyancy for the floating device to rise; the low water layer is the height of the water surface in the lifting mechanism and is used for storing water resources by the lifting mechanism.
Furthermore, the water level control device further comprises floating device limiting plates, wherein at least one floating device limiting plate is arranged below each floating device, and the floating device limiting plates are fixedly connected with the bottom of the water tank and used for preventing the floating devices from being directly pressed on the bottom of the water tank to be damaged or inconvenient to float when the water level drops.
Further, the method for transferring water by using buoyancy of water and gravity of a floating device to perform hydroelectric power generation by connecting a water transfer device to a water generator or transferring water to a destination includes the steps of:
a1, opening the first water inlet valve, enabling water to enter the water tank through the first water inlet valve, enabling a floating device in the water tank to float upwards by buoyancy of the water to drive the lifting mechanism to float, enabling the lifting mechanism to store water, and closing the first water inlet valve after the water level reaches the upper limit of the water level;
and A2, opening the drain valve, draining water from the water tank through the drain pipe, and then enabling the water level in the water tank to descend, when the floating device loses buoyancy and the weight of the floating device drives the lifting mechanism to vertically move downwards, draining water from the water outlet end in the lifting mechanism, and enabling the water generator to generate power according to the water discharged from the water outlet end or conveying the water discharged from the water outlet end to a destination.
Further, the method for connecting the water delivery device for delivering water by using the buoyancy of four waters and the gravity of the floating device with a water generator to perform hydroelectric power generation or delivering water to a destination comprises the steps of:
b1, the water delivery devices for delivering water by the buoyancy of the four pieces of water and the gravity of the floating device are respectively as follows: the first water delivery device, the second water delivery device, the third water delivery device and the fourth water delivery device; communicating a water inlet pipe of the first water delivery device with the bottom of a water tank of a fourth water delivery device, communicating the bottom of the water tank of the first water delivery device with a water inlet pipe of a second water delivery device, communicating the bottom of the water tank of the second water delivery device with a water inlet pipe of a third water delivery device, and communicating the bottom of the water tank of the third water delivery device with a water inlet pipe of the fourth water delivery device; the water generator is respectively connected with the water outlet pipes of the four water delivery devices or the water outlet pipes of the four water delivery devices are connected with the water pipes of the destination water storage pool;
b2, before the power supply is connected, setting knob switches of a first water inlet valve, a second water inlet valve and a drain valve of all water feeding devices to be in a closed state, and then connecting the power supply;
b3, starting an electromagnetic valve of a second water inlet valve of the first water delivery device and an electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve, so that water in a groove of a fourth water delivery device flows into a lifting mechanism of the first water delivery device through a water inlet pipe of the first water delivery device, the buoyancy effect of the fourth water delivery device is lost, a floating device of the fourth water delivery device starts to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically move downwards, water is drained to a water generator or a destination through a water outlet end, and the electromagnetic valve of the second water inlet valve of the first water delivery device and the electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve are closed after a certain water level is reached;
b4, starting an electromagnetic valve of a second water inlet valve of the second water supply device and an electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve to enable water in a groove of the first water supply device to flow into a lifting mechanism of the second water supply device through a water inlet pipe of the second water supply device, losing the buoyancy effect of the first water supply device, enabling a floating device of the first water supply device to start to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically downwards run, and draining the water to a water generator or a destination through a water outlet end; when the water level in the second water delivery device reaches a certain water level, closing the electromagnetic valve of the second water inlet valve of the second water delivery device and the electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve;
b5, starting an electromagnetic valve of a second water inlet valve of the third water delivery device and an electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve to enable water in a groove of the second water delivery device to flow into a lifting mechanism of the third water delivery device through a water inlet pipe of the third water delivery device, enabling the buoyancy effect of the second water delivery device to lose effect, enabling a floating device of the second water delivery device to start to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically downwards run, and draining the water to a water generator or a destination through a water outlet end; when the water level in the third water delivery device reaches a certain water level, closing the electromagnetic valve of the second water inlet valve and the electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve of the third water delivery device;
b6, starting a solenoid valve of a second water inlet valve of the fourth water delivery device and a solenoid valve of the first water inlet valve, enabling water in a groove of the third water delivery device to flow into a lifting mechanism of the fourth water delivery device through a water inlet pipe of the fourth water delivery device, losing the buoyancy effect of the third water delivery device, starting a floating device of the third water delivery device to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically move downwards, and draining the water to a water generator or a destination through a water outlet end; when the water level of the fourth water delivery device reaches a certain water level, closing the electromagnetic valve of the second water inlet valve and the electromagnetic valve of the first water inlet valve of the fourth water delivery device;
and B7, repeating the steps S3-S6, thereby realizing hydraulic circulation power generation or sending water to a destination.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the water delivery device which utilizes the buoyancy of water and the gravity of the floating device to deliver water is connected with the water generator to carry out hydroelectric power generation; the water supply device comprises: the water tank, the groove, the drain pipe, the first water inlet valve, the floating device limiting plate and the lifting mechanism are arranged, and the top end of the water tank is higher than a water source; a groove is arranged on the inner wall of the water tank; one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the bottom of one side wall of the water tank, a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe, and whether water in the groove is drained or not can be controlled through the drain valve; the first water inlet valve is arranged on the side wall of the water tank close to the water source, and the water of the water source flows into the groove through the first water inlet valve; the water surfaces at the left side and the right side of the groove are respectively provided with a floating device; at least one floating device limiting plate connected with the bottom of the water tank is arranged below the floating device, and is used for preventing the floating device from being directly pressed on the bottom of the water tank and inconvenient to re-float when the water level drops; the lifting mechanism is arranged in the groove and is respectively connected with the two floating devices, and the lifting mechanism is a lifting structure capable of storing water and discharging water; the water generator is connected with the water outlet end of the lifting mechanism, when water enters the water tank through the first water inlet valve, the floating device in the water tank vertically floats to drive the lifting mechanism to float, meanwhile, the lifting mechanism stores water, when the water tank drains water, the lifting mechanism is driven by the water drained from the water tank and the weight of the floating device to vertically move downwards, the lifting mechanism vertically moves downwards under the pressure of the weight of the water and the weight of the floating device, and simultaneously drains water through the water outlet end, the water generator drains water according to the water outlet end to generate electricity or conveys the water drained from the water outlet end to a destination, so that the water generator works to generate electricity, the environment can be damaged without a common hydroelectric power station, the damage to the surrounding living environment can be effectively reduced by only utilizing the water and the floating device to improve the water flow speed, the electricity generation and water conservancy transportation in lakes with a certain amount of water resources and without water flow are broken, and the construction cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for generating electricity and transporting water by utilizing buoyancy of water and gravity of an object according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention using four water supply devices;
FIG. 3 is an external wiring circuit diagram of Mitsubishi programmable controller when a water delivery device is used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an I/O assignment table for the Mitsubishi programmable controller when a water delivery device is used in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a ladder diagram of a Mitsubishi programmable controller when one water delivery device is used in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an external wiring circuit diagram of Mitsubishi programmable controller when four water delivery devices are used in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a table of the I/O allocation for Mitsubishi programmable controller when the present invention employs four water delivery devices;
FIG. 8 is a ladder diagram of a Mitsubishi programmable controller when four water delivery devices are employed in accordance with the present invention;
wherein: 1. a water tank; 2. a groove; 3. a drain pipe; 4. a first water inlet valve; 5. a floatation device; 6. a flotation device limiting plate; 8. a water generator; 9. a water source; 10. a drain valve; 11. a water bladder; 12. a water inlet pipe; 13. a support frame; 14. a water outlet pipe; 15. a steel plate; 16. a second water inlet valve; 17. a main board; 18. a first connecting rod; 19. a second connecting rod; 20. a third connecting rod; 21. pressing a plate; 22. a connecting plate; 23. a limiting column; 24. a limiting ring; 25. an upper water level limit sensor; 26. a water level lower limit sensor; 28. soil; 29. a first water supply device; 30. a second water supply device; 31. a third water supply device; 32. and a fourth water delivery device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the device for generating electricity and transporting water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object, provided by the invention, is connected with a water generator 8 to generate electricity by water power or transmit water to a destination by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of a floating device 5 to transmit water; send water installation to include: the water tank comprises a water tank 1, a groove 2, a drain pipe 3, a first water inlet valve 4, a floating device 5, a floating device limiting plate 6 and a lifting mechanism.
The water tank 1 is arranged beside the water source 9, and the top of the water tank 1 is 0.5 m higher than the water surface of the water source 9;
the groove 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the water tank 1, the groove 2 is positioned in the middle of the inner wall of the water tank 1, the top of the groove 2 is lower than the top of the water tank 1, and the bottom of the groove 2 is not contacted with the bottom of the water tank 1, namely when the water storage structure in the water tank 1 is U-shaped; when basin 1 is the cuboid structure of opening up, recess 2 also adopts the cuboid structure of opening up, the inner wall fixed connection of a lateral wall and basin 1 one side of recess 2, another lateral wall that parallels with a lateral wall of recess 2 also with basin 1's inner wall connection to make recess 2 more firm. In order to provide sufficient support for the recess 2, the bottom of the recess 2 is provided with four symmetrically arranged support pillars.
One end of the drain pipe 3 is communicated with the bottom of the side wall of the water tank 1 far away from the water source 9, a drain valve 10 is arranged on the drain pipe 3, and whether the water in the water tank 1 is discharged or not can be controlled through the drain valve 10;
the first water inlet valve 4 is arranged on the side wall of the water tank 1 close to the water source 9, and the water of the water source 9 flows into the water tank 1 through the first water inlet valve 4, namely the first water inlet valve 4 is arranged on the side wall of the water tank 1 at the lower end of the water source 9;
the water surface in the water tank 1 at the left side and the right side of the groove 2 is respectively provided with a floating device 5, when the floating device 5 is not heavy enough, the weight of the floating device 5 can be increased or decreased by adding heavy objects after the floating device 5 floats;
at least one floating device limiting plate 6 is arranged below each floating device 5, the floating device limiting plates 6 are fixedly connected with the bottom of the water tank 1, in the embodiment, the floating device limiting plates 6 are two same vertical plates, the two vertical plates are symmetrically arranged right below a floating object, and when the water level is lowered, the floating devices 5 are prevented from being directly pressed on the bottom of the water tank 1 to be damaged or inconvenient to float;
the lifting mechanism is arranged in the groove 2, is a lifting structure capable of storing water and discharging water and is respectively connected with the two floating devices 5;
the water generator 8 is mounted 0.5 meters above the water source 9 by creating a platform for the water generator 8 to rest on, and the water flowing through the water generator 8 is allowed to flow back into the water source 9.
The water generator 8 is connected with the water outlet end of the lifting mechanism, when water enters the water tank 1 through the first water inlet valve 4, the floating device 5 in the water tank 1 floats by the buoyancy of the water to drive the lifting mechanism to float, and meanwhile, the lifting mechanism stores water; when the water tank 1 drains water through the drain pipe 3, when the water level in the water tank 1 drops and the weight of the floating device 5 drives the lifting mechanism to move downwards, the lifting mechanism moves downwards under the pressure of the water level drop and the weight of the floating device 5, meanwhile, water is drained through the water outlet end, and the water generator 8 generates electricity according to the water drained from the water outlet end or conveys the water drained from the water outlet end to a destination.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the lift mechanism includes: a water storage device, a water inlet pipe 12, a support frame 13, a water outlet pipe 14, a second water inlet valve 16 and a steel plate 15.
The water storage device is arranged at the bottom in the groove 2 and is a telescopic water storage device, and the water storage device adopts a water bag 11 in the embodiment;
one end of a water inlet pipe 12 sequentially penetrates through the bottom of the water tank 1 and the bottom of the groove 2 to be communicated with the water sac 11, the water inlet pipe 12 is hermetically connected with the bottom of the water tank 1 and the bottom of the groove 2, the other end of the water inlet pipe 12 is connected with a water source 9, a second water inlet valve 16 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 12, and the second water inlet valve 16 is connected with a controller; the support frames 13 are respectively connected with the two floating devices 5, the support frames 13 are arranged above the water bags 11, and the support frames 13 can move up and down in the grooves 2;
one end of the water outlet pipe 14 is connected with the top of the water bag 11, and the other end of the water outlet pipe 14 passes through or extends out of the bottom end of the support frame 13 to transmit water in the water bag 11 to a required place or generate electricity through a water generator;
in addition, on four lateral walls in the recess 2, at least two parallel faces are provided with steel plates 15, the friction between the water bag 11 and the water tank 1 or the partition plate is reduced through the steel plates 15, the service life of the water bag 11 is prolonged, and in the embodiment, four lateral plates of the recess 2 are provided with the steel plates 15.
With further reference to fig. 1, the support frame 13 comprises: the main plate 17, the first connecting rod 18, the second connecting rod 19, the third connecting rod 20, the pressing plate 21, the connecting plate 22 and the limiting column 23.
The main board 17 is positioned above the water tank 1;
one end of a first connecting rod 18 is connected with the left end below the main plate 17, and the other end is connected with the floating device 5 on the left side of the groove 2;
one end of the second connecting rod 19 is connected with the right end below the main plate 17, and the other end is connected with the floating device 5 on the right side of the groove 2;
the pressing plate 21 is arranged above the water bag 11, the shape of the pressing plate 21 is consistent with the shape of the bottom of the groove 2, namely the groove 2 is of a cuboid structure in the embodiment, the bottom of the groove 2 is rectangular, and the corresponding pressing plate 21 is rectangular;
one end of a third connecting rod 20 is connected with the pressing plate 21, the other end is connected with the main plate 17, the pressing plate 21 can move along with the movement of the floating device 5 through the third connecting rod, in the embodiment, two first connecting rods 18 are used for being connected with the floating device 5 on the left side of the groove 2, two second connecting rods are also used for being connected with the floating device 5 on the right side of the groove 2, and two third connecting rods 20 are used for being connected with the pressing plate 21, when the floating device 5 floats upwards or descends (when the pressing plate 21 ascends or descends) through the two first connecting rods and the two second connecting rods 19, the lifting mechanism (the main plate 17) is driven to be more balanced and uniform in tension, and meanwhile, when the pressing plate 21 vertically moves, the pressure is uniform through the two third connecting rods 20;
the two ends of the pressing plate 21 close to the two floats are respectively provided with a connecting plate 22, one end of the connecting plate 22 is connected with the pressing plate 21, the other end is provided with at least one limiting ring 24, in the embodiment, the four ends of the pressing plate 21 are respectively provided with a connecting plate 22 which is positioned above the pressing plate 21 and is vertical to the pressing plate 21, the other ends of the two connecting plates 22 close to the two floating devices 5 are symmetrically provided with two limiting rings 24, and the limiting rings 24 are arranged on the plate surface of the connecting plate 22 facing the corresponding floating device 5;
the side wall of the groove 2 is provided with limiting columns 23 matched with the limiting rings 24, namely, the side wall of the groove 2 is correspondingly provided with four limiting columns 23, the limiting rings 24 are sleeved on the corresponding limiting columns 23, the connecting plate 22 drives the pressing plate 21 to vertically move up and down on the limiting columns 23, the left-right shaking and unbalanced pressing of the whole lifting mechanism are reduced through the limiting columns 23, and the whole lifting mechanism vertically moves up and down perpendicular to the groove 2;
in addition, the top on every spacing post 23 still is equipped with the stopper, prevents through the stopper that the connecting plate 22 from moving upwards too high and leading to shifting.
Still further referring to fig. 1, the water supply apparatus further includes:
the water level upper limit sensor 25 is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the groove 2 principle water source 9 and is used for monitoring the upper limit water level of the groove 2;
the water level lower limit sensor 26 is arranged on the inner wall of the groove 2 below the water level upper limit sensor 25 and is used for monitoring the lower limit water level of the groove 2;
the controller is respectively connected with the upper water level limit sensor 25, the lower water level limit sensor 26, the first water inlet valve 4, the second water inlet valve 16 and the drain valve 10, and is used for controlling the opening or closing of the first water inlet valve 4, the second water inlet valve 16 and the drain valve 10 according to the information of the upper water level limit sensor 25 and the lower water level limit sensor 26, and the controller is arranged beside the water generator 8, so that management is convenient.
The first water inlet valve 4 is an electric round-mouth gate valve. The controller adopts a Mitsubishi programmable controller. The specific circuit diagram is shown in fig. 3.
The invention utilizes the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object to realize the hydraulic transportation device, and the device is connected with one or more water generators 8 through 1 or more water delivery devices to generate electricity by water power or deliver water to a destination.
The operation principle of the device for generating electricity and transporting water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object in the invention is explained in detail so that the technical personnel in the field can more understand the invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the water tank 1 is a water tank 1 made of a reinforced concrete structure.
The water tank 1, the groove 2 and the floating device limiting plate 6 are all made of reinforced concrete structures. And the water tank 1, the groove 2 and the floating device limiting plate 6 are of an integrated structure.
The support frame 13 is made of steel.
The diameter of the water outlet pipe 3 is larger than that of the water outlet pipe 14, so that water in the groove 2 is quickly drained, the buoyancy of the floating device 5 disappears, and the floating device vertically moves downwards in a gravity mode.
The water delivery device is arranged beside a water source 9, the distance between the drain pipe 3 and the bottom of the water tank 1 is 1.5 meters, the distance between the lower water level limit sensor 26 and the bottom of the water tank 1 is 3.5 meters, the distance between the upper water level limit sensor 25 and the bottom of the water tank 1 is 5.5 meters, the height of the water tank 1 is 8 meters, and the size of the water delivery device can be changed in proportion according to the landform and the size of materials.
As shown in fig. 1, when the water supply device is used alone, the water level of the water in the water supply device and the water source 9 are divided into three layers from high to low, the first layer is the highest layer, and the water in the highest layer is the height of the water source 9 and is used for providing water resources which can be rivers, lakes or large-scale pools; the second layer is a middle water layer, the middle water layer is the height of the water in the groove 2, and the water in the groove 2 is used for providing power for the floating objects to rise; the third layer is a low water layer, namely the height of the water level in the lifting mechanism, and the low water layer is used for storing water resources for the lifting mechanism.
At this time, the circuit diagram of Mitsubishi programmable controller PLC is shown in FIG. 3, the I/O distribution table of Mitsubishi programmable controller PLC is shown in FIG. 4, the operation principle is shown in FIG. 5,
when the lifting mechanism is required to ascend: the opening of the second water inlet valve 16 and the first water inlet valve 4 is controlled by a Mitsubishi programmable controller PLC, water enters the water tank 1 through the first water inlet valve 4, the floating device 5 and the lifting mechanism are vertically pulled up to a certain height by the buoyancy of the water in the water tank 1, meanwhile, the water enters the water bag 11 through the second water inlet valve 16 and is closed after rising to the upper water level limit sensor 25. When the lifting mechanism is required to ascend: the programmable controller PLC of Mitsubishi controls the opening of the drain valve 10 to drain water, when the floating device 5 only adopts floaters, because the water quantity of the water tank is less than that of the floaters, the floaters fall down, the floaters need to be added with cargos to increase the weight, and the caliber of the drain outlet of the drain pipe 3 is greater than that of the water outlet pipe 14, the lifting mechanism is pressed by the gravity of the floaters or the cargos to move vertically downwards, the water in the lifting mechanism is conveyed to a high place (destination) through the water outlet pipe 14, and the operation is repeated so as to convey the water to a corresponding place; or the water outlet of the water outlet pipe 14 is connected with the water generator 8, and the water generator 8 generates power through the speed of water discharge.
Connecting a plurality of water delivery devices with one water delivery device or a plurality of water generators 8 to generate electricity by water power or deliver water to a destination. As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, four water delivery devices are connected to one water generator 8, and the four water delivery devices are respectively: a first water delivery device 29, a second water delivery device 30, a third water delivery device 31 and a fourth water delivery device, respectively.
The water inlet pipe 12 of the first water delivery device 29 is communicated with the bottom of the water tank 1 of the fourth water delivery device, the bottom of the water tank 1 of the first water delivery device 29 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 12 of the second water delivery device 30, the bottom of the water tank 1 of the second water delivery device 30 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 12 of the third water delivery device 31, and the bottom of the water tank 1 of the third water delivery device 31 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 12 of the fourth water delivery device;
the water generator 8 is respectively connected with the water outlet pipes 14 of the four water delivery devices, and the water flow flowing out through the water outlet pipes 14 of the four water delivery devices generates electricity or is delivered to a destination.
Fig. 6 shows a circuit diagram of four water delivery devices, specifically fig. 8 shows a ladder diagram when one mitsubishi programmable controller PLC is used to control the four water delivery devices, fig. 7 shows an I/O distribution table of the mitsubishi programmable controller when the four water delivery devices are used, and the working principle of the four water delivery devices is adopted:
s1, before starting the device, knob switches of a first water inlet valve 4, a second water inlet valve 16 and a drain valve 10 of all water feeding devices are set to be in a closed state, and then an air switch of the Mitsubishi programmable logic controller is closed to supply power to the Mitsubishi Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).
And S2, rotating a start and stop knob switch (connected with a pin X025 of the PLC) of the Mitsubishi programmable controller PLC to a connection state.
S3, automatic and manual knob switches (connected with a pin X024 of the PLC) of the Mitsubishi programmable controller PLC belong to a closed state and a manual mode, and electromagnetic valves corresponding to the first water inlet valve 4, the second water inlet valve 16 and the drain valve 10 can be switched on or off as long as the rotary switches for rotating the corresponding first water inlet valve 4, the second water inlet valve 16 and the drain valve 10 are arranged.
And S4, converting the automatic and manual knob switches to an on state mode into an automatic mode, and turning on a first auxiliary relay M10 of the Mitsubishi programmable controller PLC and self-locking the first auxiliary relay at the rising edge of the automatic and manual knob switches at the moment of rotating the automatic and manual knob switches.
And S5, performing a self-checking mode after the first auxiliary relay M10 is normally opened and electrified, and switching on the electromagnetic valves (connected with pins Y001, Y004, Y007 and Y012 of the PLC) of the drain valves 10 of the four water delivery devices to drain. When none of the water level lower limit sensors 26 (connected to the pins X001, X003, X005, and X007 of the PLC) of the four water feeding devices is turned on, the second auxiliary relay M11 of the mitsubishi programmable controller PLC is turned on, and the first auxiliary relay M10 is turned off.
S6, after the second auxiliary relay M11 is normally opened and connected, a first water inlet electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y013 of the PLC) of the fourth water supply device is started to add water to the water tank 1, after a water level upper limit sensor 25 (connected with a lead X006 of the PLC) of the fourth water supply device is connected, the third auxiliary relay M0 is electrified and self-locked, and then the second auxiliary relay M11 and the pin Y013 are disconnected.
S7, the third auxiliary relay M0 is normally opened and connected, an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y000 of the PLC) of the second water inlet valve 16 of the first water delivery device 29 and an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y002 of the PLC) of the first water inlet valve 4 are started, at this time, water in the groove 2 of the fourth water delivery device flows to the lifting mechanism of the first water delivery device 29 through the water inlet pipe 12 of the first water delivery device 29, the buoyancy of the fourth water delivery device is lost, the floating device 5 of the fourth water delivery device starts to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically and downwards run, when the water level upper limit sensor 25 (connected with a pin X000 of the PLC) of the first water delivery device 29 is connected, the fourth auxiliary relay M1 is electrified and self-locked, and then the Y000, the Y002 and the third auxiliary relay M0 are disconnected.
S8, the fourth auxiliary relay M1 is normally opened and switched on, an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y003 of the PLC) of the second water inlet valve 16 of the second water supply device 30 and an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y005 of the PLC) of the first water inlet valve 4 are started, at this time, water in the groove 2 of the first water supply device 29 flows into a lifting mechanism of the second water supply device 30 through a water inlet pipe 12 of the second water supply device 30, the buoyancy effect of the first water supply device 29 is lost, the floating device 5 of the first water supply device 29 starts to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically and downwards run, when a water level upper limit sensor 25 (connected with a pin X002 of the PLC) of the second water supply device 30 is switched on, the fifth auxiliary relay M2 is electrified and self-locked, and then the Y003, the Y005 and the fourth auxiliary relay M1 are switched off.
S9, the fifth auxiliary relay M2 is normally opened and switched on, an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y006 of the PLC) of a second water inlet valve 16 of the third water supply device 31 and an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y010 of the PLC) of a first water inlet valve 4 are started, at this time, water in a groove 2 of the second water supply device 30 flows into a lifting mechanism of the third water supply device 31 through a water inlet pipe 12 of the third water supply device 31, the buoyancy effect of the second water supply device 30 is lost, a floating device 5 of the second water supply device 30 starts to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically and downwards run, when a water level upper limit sensor 25 (connected with a pin X004 of the PLC) of the third water supply device 31 is switched on, the sixth auxiliary relay M3 is electrified and self-locked, and then the Y006, Y010 and the fifth auxiliary relay M2 are switched off.
S10, a sixth auxiliary relay M3 is normally opened and switched on, an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y011 of a PLC) of a second water inlet valve 16 of a fourth water supply device and an electromagnetic valve (connected with a pin Y013 of the PLC) of a first water inlet valve 4 are started, at the moment, water in a groove 2 of a third water supply device 31 flows into a lifting mechanism of the fourth water supply device through a water inlet pipe 12 of the fourth water supply device, the buoyancy effect of the third water supply device 31 is lost, a floating device 5 of the third water supply device 31 starts to drive the lifting mechanism to vertically and downwards run, when a water level upper limit sensor 25 (connected with a pin X006 of the PLC) of the fourth water supply device is switched on, a third auxiliary relay M0 is electrified and self-locked, and then Y010, Y013 and the third auxiliary relay M3 are switched off;
s11, repeating S7-S10 under the condition that the X024 is in the on state and the automatic mode is kept.
S12, when the X024 is in the on state, the X025 is closed in the automatic mode state, and the operation of all the water supply devices is stopped, and when the air switch is not closed, the X025 can continue to operate from the position where the air switch was previously turned off.
In conclusion, the device for generating electricity and transporting water conservancy by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of objects can effectively reduce the damage to the surrounding living environment by using the water conveying device without damaging the environment like a common hydroelectric power station, breaks through the generation and transportation of the water conservancy in lakes with a certain amount of water resources and without water flow, and greatly saves the construction cost.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an utilize buoyancy of water and the gravity of object to realize electricity generation and water conservancy conveyer which characterized in that: the water delivery device which delivers water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of the floating device is connected with a water generator to perform hydroelectric power generation or deliver water to a destination; the water supply device comprises:
the water tank is arranged beside the water source, and the top of the water tank is higher than the water source;
the groove is arranged on the inner wall of the water tank, the groove is positioned in the middle of the inner wall of the water tank, and the bottom of the groove is not contacted with the bottom of the water tank;
one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the bottom of one side wall of the water tank, a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe, and whether the water in the water tank is discharged or not can be controlled through the drain valve;
the first water inlet valve is arranged on the side wall of the water tank close to the water source, is communicated with the water source, and enables water of the water source to flow into the water tank through the first water inlet valve;
the floating devices are respectively arranged on the water surfaces of the left side and the right side of the groove; and
the lifting mechanism is arranged in the groove and is respectively connected with the two floating devices, and the lifting mechanism is a lifting structure capable of storing water and discharging water; the water generator is connected with the water outlet end of the lifting mechanism;
the lifting mechanism comprises:
the water storage device is arranged at the bottom in the groove and is a telescopic water storage device;
one end of the water inlet pipe penetrates through the bottom of the groove to be communicated with the water storage device, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the water source;
a second water inlet valve arranged on the water inlet pipe;
the support frame is respectively connected with the two floating devices, arranged above the water storage device and capable of moving up and down in the groove; and
one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with one end of the water storage device, and the other end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through or bypasses the bottom end of the support frame to extend out;
the support frame includes:
the main board is positioned above the water tank;
one end of the first connecting rod is connected with one end below the main plate, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected with the floating device on one side of the groove;
one end of the second connecting rod is connected with the other end below the main plate, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected with the floating device on the other side of the groove;
the pressing plate is arranged above the water storage device;
the two ends of the pressing plate, which are close to the two floating devices, are respectively provided with a connecting plate, one end of each connecting plate is connected with the pressing plate, and the other end of each connecting plate is provided with at least one limiting ring;
the side wall of the groove is provided with a limiting column matched with the limiting ring, and the limiting ring is sleeved on the limiting column, so that the connecting plate is provided with the pressing plate to reduce left and right shaking and unbalanced pressing when the limiting column moves up and down; and
and one end of the third connecting rod is connected with the pressing plate, the other end of the third connecting rod is connected with the main board, and the main board, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod, the pressing plate and the connecting plate can move along with the movement of the floating device through the third connecting rod and the main board.
2. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by utilizing buoyancy of water and gravity of objects according to claim 1, wherein: the water supply device further comprises:
the water level upper limit sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the groove and used for monitoring the upper limit water level of the groove;
a water level lower limit sensor disposed on an inner wall of the recess below the water level upper limit sensor; and
and the controller is respectively connected with the upper water level limit sensor, the lower water level limit sensor, the first water inlet valve, the lifting mechanism and the water discharge valve and is used for controlling the first water inlet valve and the water discharge valve to be opened or closed and the lifting mechanism to store water and discharge water according to the information of the upper water level limit sensor and the lower water level limit sensor.
3. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by utilizing buoyancy of water and gravity of objects according to claim 1, wherein: and connecting a plurality of water delivery devices with one or more water generators to generate electricity by water power or deliver water to a destination.
4. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object according to claim 1, wherein: adopt four send water installation to be connected with a water generator, four send water installation to be respectively: the first water delivery device, the second water delivery device, the third water delivery device and the fourth water delivery device;
the water inlet pipe of the first water delivery device is communicated with the bottom of the water tank of the fourth water delivery device, the bottom of the water tank of the first water delivery device is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the second water delivery device, the bottom of the water tank of the second water delivery device is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the third water delivery device, and the bottom of the water tank of the third water delivery device is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the fourth water delivery device;
the water generator is respectively connected with the water outlet pipes of the four water delivery devices, and water flows flowing out of the water outlet pipes of the four water delivery devices are used for generating power or delivering the power to a destination.
5. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by utilizing buoyancy of water and gravity of objects according to claim 1, wherein: the water generator is arranged above the water source.
6. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by utilizing buoyancy of water and gravity of objects according to claim 1, wherein: the water level of the device for realizing power generation and water conservancy transportation by utilizing the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object is divided into the following parts from high to low: the highest layer, the middle water layer and the low water layer; the water level of the highest layer is the water surface height of the water source and is used for providing a water source, and the water source is one of rivers, lakes or large pools; the middle water layer is the height of the water surface in the water tank and is used for providing buoyancy for the floating device to rise; the low water layer is the height of the water surface in the lifting mechanism and is used for storing water resources by the lifting mechanism.
7. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by utilizing buoyancy of water and gravity of objects according to claim 1, wherein: the water tank is characterized by further comprising floating device limiting plates, wherein at least one floating device limiting plate is arranged below each floating device, and the floating device limiting plates are fixedly connected with the bottom of the water tank and used for preventing the floating devices from being directly pressed on the bottom of the water tank to be damaged or inconvenient to re-float when the water level descends.
8. The device for generating electricity and transporting water by using the buoyancy of water and the gravity of an object according to claim 1, wherein: the method for transferring water by using buoyancy of water and gravity of a floating device to connect a water transfer device with a water generator to perform hydroelectric power generation or transfer water to a destination includes the steps of:
a1, opening the first water inlet valve, enabling water to enter the water tank through the first water inlet valve, enabling a floating device in the water tank to float upwards by buoyancy of the water to drive the lifting mechanism to float, enabling the lifting mechanism to store water, and closing the first water inlet valve after the water level reaches the upper limit of the water level;
and A2, opening the drain valve, draining water from the water tank through the drain pipe, and then enabling the water level in the water tank to descend, when the floating device loses buoyancy and the weight of the floating device drives the lifting mechanism to vertically move downwards, draining water from the water outlet end in the lifting mechanism, and enabling the water generator to generate power according to the water discharged from the water outlet end or conveying the water discharged from the water outlet end to a destination.
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