CN101481909B - Hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift - Google Patents

Hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101481909B
CN101481909B CN2008103048990A CN200810304899A CN101481909B CN 101481909 B CN101481909 B CN 101481909B CN 2008103048990 A CN2008103048990 A CN 2008103048990A CN 200810304899 A CN200810304899 A CN 200810304899A CN 101481909 B CN101481909 B CN 101481909B
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water
compartment
railway carriage
gravity
ship
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CN101481909A (en
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许昌义
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Rudong Shuangma Knitting Needle Machinery Co., Ltd.
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许昌义
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Abstract

The invention relates to a waterpower gravity type vertical ship lift. A ship chamber and a gravity water chamber are caused to be in butted joint by an assembly pulley and a steel cable winding system of a wound roll in the way of bilateral balance so as to cause the lifting points of the ship chamber and the gravity water chamber to be in mutual rigid connection, thereby benefiting the maintenance of favorable synchronization during up and down running. When the ship chamber needs to be descended, water in the gravity water chamber is discharged; and when the ship chamber needs to be lifted, water is added to the gravity water chamber. By changing the gravity difference of counterpoise on both sides, the abrasion resisting moment of the steel cable winding system is overcome, thereby causing a ship reception chamber to be moved up and down and realizing the navigable butted joint of upstream and downstream water levels. A method for adding water to the gravity water chamber is as follows: by enlarging the area of a feed water inlet, the flow of the water is decelerated, and the mode of multi-layer water supply is adopted so as to reduce the water supply drop height of the feed water inlet and the gravity water chamber. The water flows out from overflow pore plates of a water storage chamber in a way of overflow and then flows downwards into the gravity water chamber along water curtain wall plates.

Description

Hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ship lift, especially a kind of by changing the water yield in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, directly drive the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift in ship railway carriage or compartment with the gravity water railway carriage or compartment.
Background technology
At present, in order to produce the better ship lift of cost performance, Chinese patent application number: 00266550.6 " the assembly pulley balance ship lift " that proposes adds one of equalizer pulley group at the two ends of every balance rope.Make ship railway carriage or compartment and rudder balance connect into integral body, and mutual balance, between ship railway carriage or compartment and rudder balance, establish the some portions of lifting machine again, two of hoisting wireropes and two in lifting assembly pulley wait member to form, and can make the lifting of ship railway carriage or compartment, also can reduce lifting force.And Chinese patent application number: 200810047149.X " hydropower floating quick vertical ship lift " is the water in winding shaft water-filling or discharging winding shaft, reaches to change the weight that promotes surge drum and overcome the purpose that frictional resistance impels the lifting of ship railway carriage or compartment.These schemes respectively possess some good points, and also have weak points.For example, the Three Gorges Dam ship lift of building, its hoisting depth will reach 113m, and lifting weight reaches 16000t, records through half a lifetime and proves, and ship lift is fixed to: rack-and-pinion is climbed, the design scheme of long nut post short screw safety device.Its driving mechanism is made up of equipment such as exposed gear, tooth bar, hydropneumatic type pneumohydraulic spring, reducer, motor.Its rack-and-pinion z=16, modulus m=62.7, gear diameter D=1002.7mm, single-unit tooth bar length 4725mm, the static investment (price level at 1993 5 the end of month) that ship lift preliminary estimate basic scheme is determined reaches 19.8 hundred million yuan.It has advanced safety device, but it is big to be used to drive the plant equipment in ship railway carriage or compartment, the difficulty of manufacturing.When mistake was carried the depth of water above positive and negative 5cm in ship railway carriage or compartment and the lock head docking operation, the reversible water pump system that needs to start two ends, ship railway carriage or compartment was regulated.Along with of the development of China's water resources and hydropower construction, and the exploitation of southwestern rivers step water power, more and more to the demand of the selection of dissimilar ship lifts towards high dam, Da Ku, ultra-large direction.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to try hard to provide again a kind of structure simpler, make easier, keep in repair hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift more easily.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: by the steel cable winding system of assembly pulley, reel, the ship railway carriage or compartment is docked in the mode of both sides balance with the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, make both sides form counterweight.This structure make ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment each Heave Here each other rigidity connect, help keeping when moving up and down well synchronously.During the design steel cable winding system, according to weight, the water level condition of dam is selected rational wirerope diameter and suitable pulley block ratio, and pulley block ratio is selected to be equal to or greater than 1.Form counterweight after allowing ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment fill water, and keep balance.If want the ship railway carriage or compartment to descend, just discharge the water in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, if want to rise on the ship railway carriage or compartment, just give in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment to add water.By changing the gravitational difference of both sides counterweight, overcome the frictional resistance square of steel cable winding system, thereby boat supporting case can be moved up and down, realize the navigation butt joint of water levels of upstream and downstream.
The gravity water railway carriage or compartment can be two kinds of configuration modes: the first, gravity water railway carriage or compartment play the effect of counterweight simultaneously again as the ballast water railway carriage or compartment, and the volume of this mode gravity tank is bigger, but only need a cover wire rope wind.It two is, the making that counterweight is independent, and be that 1 mode is docked with the ship railway carriage or compartment by pulley block ratio, also independent the docking with the ship railway carriage or compartment greater than 1 mode in gravity water railway carriage or compartment simultaneously by pulley block ratio, this mode needs the above wire rope wind of two covers, but the volume of gravity tank can be little a lot of in this way.
[0006]The method that adds water in gravity water railway carriage or compartment is that by widening the area of feed water inlet, to slow down the flow velocity of water, employing multilayer way of supplying water reaches the water supply drop that reduces between feed water inlet and the gravity water railway carriage or compartment.Priming apparatus mainly contains: water inlet pipe valve, water inlet pipe, even water pipe, retaining railway carriage or compartment, casual water hole plate, water curtain wallboard.It adds the water mode two kinds: first kind is, water from the dam upstream, by the water inlet pipe valve, enter feed pipe, even water pipe, make water flow into the retaining railway carriage or compartment uniformly, constantly add water in the process that the retaining railway carriage or compartment can rise, descend and stop on the ship railway carriage or compartment, after water is full, just close into water pipe valve, adopt this retaining mode can make the diameter of inlet pipeline and the bore of valve reduce greatly, when needing water simultaneously, again can and fast speed be discharged to next water railway carriage or compartment.Because it is full that the water in the water railway carriage or compartment remains, as long as there are current fashionable again, water will flow out with the form that diffuses out from the casual water hole plate in retaining railway carriage or compartment, and the water that diffuses out flows downwards along the water curtain wallboard, following gravity water railway carriage or compartment oral area is provided with elasticity water receiving scraper plate, and the water receiving scraper plate is introduced water in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment again.For example if when needing the gravity water railway carriage or compartment to descend, the water control valve that adds between the retaining railway carriage or compartment of second layer retaining railway carriage or compartment and first floor on the gravity water railway carriage or compartment is opened, then water can flow into the retaining railway carriage or compartment of first floor from the second layer retaining railway carriage or compartment on the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, first floor retaining railway carriage or compartment on the gravity water railway carriage or compartment flows into the gravity water railway carriage or compartment again, thereby control gravity water railway carriage or compartment descends.Adopt this water mode that adds, as long as the valve aperture of selecting is enough big, the water in retaining railway carriage or compartment can and fast speed discharge, flow into the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, so this mode can make ship railway carriage or compartment and fast starting, rising at a high speed.Can satisfy fully in the vertical ship lift design guide rule: the specified rising or falling speed 0.15m/s~0.25m/s in ship railway carriage or compartment.Second kind of mode that adds water is, water in the same retaining railway carriage or compartment is full, directly adds in the first floor retaining railway carriage or compartment on the gravity water railway carriage or compartment from the water of water inlet pipe, and water diffuses out from the retaining railway carriage or compartment again, flow in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, the specification that this mode needs water inlet pipe and valve more greatly.Can adopt single water curtain wallboard, or two water curtain wallboard.
The drainage pattern in gravity water railway carriage or compartment is, the operation draining valve is housed on the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, opens the directly draining of operation draining valve.Operation draining valve discharge water fast in the gravity railway carriage or compartment allows ship railway carriage or compartment and fast speed descend.Gravity water has the sump of going out below the railway carriage or compartment, and the operation draining valve in gravity water railway carriage or compartment enters out sump with water, from going out the water that sump diffuses out, flow out from the drainage network orifice plate again, go out water guide plate through the elasticity below the orifice plate of drainage network, be directed under the Water curtain wall plate current, this process is just in order to reduce the sound that water falls.
Water inlet pipe and retaining railway carriage or compartment are multilayers, are for reducing the water supply drop between feed water inlet and the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, and dam body is high more, and it is many more that the number of plies should design, and according to actual conditions, every layer spacing can be irregular grade during design, and the more little response speed of spacing is fast more.The gravity water railway carriage or compartment at the volley, only need be with above it passable once open control to two-layer water intaking valve, can realize this control by position sensor and PLC.
The design of gravity water railway carriage or compartment stroke is to guarantee that between minimum navigable water stage in the upstream of dam and downstream highest navigable stage, gravity water railway carriage or compartment stroke just can normally move.Under improper situation, when the dam water level was lower than the highest one deck retaining railway carriage or compartment, the water railway carriage or compartment can not get supplying water, and just can not move downwards aloft.But there are three kinds of measures to address this problem, the first is provided with the hydraulic wireline winch that a cover can be adjusted the assembly pulley rope capacity in the top layer machine room, during adjustment with the water emptying in ship railway carriage or compartment and the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, by the lengthen wire rope of assembly pulley of hydraulic wireline winch, the gravity water railway carriage or compartment is got final product, at the locking hydraulic wireline winch to being displaced downwardly to the height that is lower than current water level.This method is because can empty railway carriage or compartment, the Ultra-Low Speed operation, and the power of equipment is less, but cost is higher.It two is to be associated with suction pump on the water storage box, suction pump just is being lower than the minimum navigable water stage in upstream when the dam water level, and enable when being lower than the highest one deck retaining railway carriage or compartment, by suction pump to last two layers of retaining railway carriage or compartment in gravity water railway carriage or compartment continuous add water till water is full, descend thereby can control the gravity water railway carriage or compartment.Because last two layers of water railway carriage or compartment can rise on the ship railway carriage or compartment, descend and the process that stops in constantly retaining, as long as and have the water yield of the frictional resistance in the time of overcoming balance just can make the decline of ship railway carriage or compartment, so just can reduce the power of suction pump to a great extent.In addition, suction pump also can directly add water to last layer retaining railway carriage or compartment and drive the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, but the speed in such ship railway carriage or compartment will be limited by the water supply speed of suction pump.It three is also the same with the Three Gorges Dam ship lift on the ship railway carriage or compartment, disposes reversible water pump system at two ends, ship railway carriage or compartment, by with water pump the ship railway carriage or compartment being added water and draining, changes the gravitational difference of both sides counterweight, overcomes the frictional resistance square of steel cable winding system.
The safety of ship lift is of paramount importance thing, will be divided into a plurality of sump with branch storehouse dividing plate in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, makes when wherein one or two sump breaks down, and still can guarantee to move up and down.Each sump is provided with draining valve, its water level that can discharge of operation draining valve be, make the weight in ship railway carriage or compartment can overcome the frictional resistance square of steel cable winding system, promptly the ship railway carriage or compartment can be moved downwards.The lower floor of operation draining valve is provided with emergent draining valve, and it is when in the ship railway carriage or compartment leakage being arranged, and discharge water is to obtain the new balance in both sides, and its discharging lowest water level is the water level when weight when making ship railway carriage or compartment empty van and gravity water railway carriage or compartment balance.In order to guarantee operating steadily up and down of ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment,, on ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment, all adorn guide wheel and guide rail for strengthening safety factor.And on ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment, the guide rail hydraulic tongs is housed all.Every track cable is connected with the ship railway carriage or compartment through the balanced oil cylinder of hydraulic pressure, but the end erection weight sensor of wire rope, before tumbling in the ship railway carriage or compartment, the number of each sensor is put and can be taken place than big-difference, PLC can instruct the whole deadman's brake of locking, prevents that the ship railway carriage or compartment from tumbling.Also have ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment water level compared with control, the modes such as control of the speed of service and traffic direction are controlled safe operation, connect rotary encoder to help the control of realization speed and position on the fixed pulley of top layer machine room.In addition, safety devices such as existing service brake and deadman's brake, hydraulic brake, limiter of speed, safety tongs, steel cable brake, snubber have been given us numerous selections.Therefore produce the reliable mechanism of safety mechanical, electrical, the liquid interlocking, guarantee the safe operation of ship lift, we should be filled with unbounded confidence to this.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that driving mechanism is directly simple, the manufacturing of frame for movement and building structure is relatively easy.Mistake in ship railway carriage or compartment and the lock head docking operation is carried the depth of water, can regulate by the draining of advancing in gravity water railway carriage or compartment.Its design feature can be passed through the quick draining in gravity water railway carriage or compartment when water all blank extreme accident in ship railway carriage or compartment takes place, reach the balance in ship railway carriage or compartment and gravity water railway carriage or compartment.Its machine driving is simple, is suitable for making the ship lift of large level, and it also can be used for the transformation of some old-fashioned steel cable elevator balance weight type vertical ship lifts.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and an embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift of embodiment of the invention proposition.
Fig. 2 is the assembly pulley of the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift that proposes of the present invention, the steel cable winding system and the guide rail structure schematic diagram of reel.
Fig. 3 is the gravity water end structure schematic diagram of the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift that proposes of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift that proposes of the present invention add water structural representation partly.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the water inlet pipe of the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift that proposes of the present invention.
1. ship railway carriage or compartments among the figure, 2. gravity water railway carriage or compartment, 3. guide rail, 4. guide rail hydraulic tongs, 5. steel cable winding system, 6. running block, 7. fixed pulley group, 8. guide rail is taken turns, 9. casual water hole plate, 10. building supports, 11. retaining railway carriage or compartment, 12. water inlet pipe valve, 13. add water control valve, 14. water outlet orifice plate, 15. water curtain wallboard, 16. even water pipe, 17. water inlet pipe, 18. even water hole, 19. elasticity water receiving scraper plate, 20. elasticity goes out water guide plate, 21. go out sump, 22. cross the dam ship, 23. top layer machine room, 24. divide the storehouse dividing plate
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift of embodiment of the invention proposition.Cross dam ship (22) among the figure in ship railway carriage or compartment (1), ship railway carriage or compartment (1) and gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) form the counterweight of balance, guide rail (3) plays steady effect when moving with guide rail wheel (8), building supports (10) and can make of composite board or concrete for reinforced concrete structure, retaining railway carriage or compartment (11), and top layer machine room (23) is the concrete structure.
Referring to Fig. 2, steel cable winding system (5) by assembly pulley, reel, ship railway carriage or compartment (1) is docked in the mode of both sides balance with gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), the effect of balance counterweight has been played in gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) for ship railway carriage or compartment (1), this structure make ship railway carriage or compartment (1) and gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) each Heave Here each other rigidity connect, help keeping when moving up and down well synchronously.The pulley block ratio of steel cable winding system is 2 in the legend, and the stroke of ship railway carriage or compartment (1) is a times of gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), and the water of gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) dress is Duoed one times than the water of ship railway carriage or compartment (1) dress, could keep balance.
If want ship railway carriage or compartment (1) to rise, just give gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) Zhong Jiashui.The mode that adds water in gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) is, referring to Fig. 5, water from water inlet pipe valve (12), by water inlet pipe (17), enter even water pipe (16), water flows out from the even water hole (18) on the even water pipe (16), even water hole (18) is distributed in the retaining railway carriage or compartment (11), water can flow into retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) more stably, and retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) can constantly add water in the process that ship railway carriage or compartment (1) is risen, descended and stop, and completely just closes into water pipe valve (12) until water.Because it is full that the water in retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) remains, referring to Fig. 4, as long as there are current fashionable again, water will flow out in the mode that diffuses out from the casual water hole plate (9) in retaining railway carriage or compartment.For example, the water control valve (13) that adds between the retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) of second layer retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) on gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) and first floor is opened, then water can flow into the retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) of first floor from the second layer retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) on gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), diffuse out from first floor retaining railway carriage or compartment (11) again, the water that diffuses out downstream curtain wall panel (15) to dirty, the oral area in following gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) is provided with elasticity water receiving scraper plate (19), referring to Fig. 3, elasticity water receiving scraper plate (19) can keep the minimum clearance with water curtain wallboard (15) surface in the moving up and down of gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), elasticity water receiving scraper plate (19) is introduced water in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) again, thereby control gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) descends, and what adopt in this example is two water curtain wallboards (15).
If want ship railway carriage or compartment (1) to descend, just discharge the water in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), referring to Fig. 3, below gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), be provided with out sump (21), the operation draining valve of opening in the gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) enters out sump (21) with water, flow out from the water outlet orifice plate (14) that goes out on the sump (21), the elasticity of process goes out water guide plate (20), is directed at water curtain wallboard (15) to dirty again.Elasticity water receiving scraper plate (19) goes out water guide plate (20) with elasticity and makes the error of perpendicularity that the water outlet curtain wall panel (15) that can disappear is to a certain extent like this installed of rubber.
The safety of ship lift is of paramount importance thing, with being divided into several sump with branch storehouse dividing plate (24) in gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), referring to Fig. 3, can make when wherein one or two sump breaks down, and still can keep ship railway carriage or compartment (1) to move up and down.Each sump is provided with the operation draining valve, the water level that it can discharge be, make the weight in ship railway carriage or compartment (1) can overcome the frictional resistance square of steel cable winding system, promptly ship railway carriage or compartment (1) can be moved downwards.The lower floor of operation draining valve is provided with emergent draining valve, and it is in ship railway carriage or compartment (1) when leakage discharge water to be arranged, and to obtain the new balance in both sides, its discharging lowest water level is the water level when weight when making ship railway carriage or compartment (1) empty van and gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2) balance.The above-mentioned water valve of mentioning is a closed type program control type hydraulic drive far away water valve, and perhaps oil circuit is designed to normally closed.In order to guarantee operating steadily up and down of ship railway carriage or compartment (1) and gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), guide rail wheel (8) is housed all on ship railway carriage or compartment (1) and the gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2).And on ship railway carriage or compartment (1) and gravity water railway carriage or compartment (2), all adorn guide rail hydraulic tongs (4) to strengthen safety factor.The signal that on the fixed pulley of top layer machine room, connects rotary encoder, the data that contrast as the main collection of direction, speed and the Position Control of ship railway carriage or compartment (1).

Claims (5)

1. hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift, it comprises ship railway carriage or compartment, counterweight and steel cable winding system, it is characterized in that: it has the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, steel cable winding system with assembly pulley, reel docks with the gravity water railway carriage or compartment ship railway carriage or compartment in the mode of both sides balance, make both sides form counterweight, pulley block ratio is selected to be equal to or greater than 1 according to the water level situation;
The priming apparatus of gravity tank mainly contains into water pipe valve, water inlet pipe, even water pipe, retaining railway carriage or compartment, casual water hole plate, water curtain wallboard; Priming apparatus is a multilayer, and its number of plies is selected to be equal to or greater than 1 according to the water level situation; Be connected with even water pipe on the water inlet pipe, the even water hole on the even water pipe is distributed in the retaining railway carriage or compartment; There is casual water hole plate side, retaining railway carriage or compartment, overflows water hole plate and water curtain wallboard on a plane;
The oral area in gravity water railway carriage or compartment is provided with elasticity water receiving scraper plate, and gravity water railway carriage or compartment lower floor is provided with out sump, and side, gravity water railway carriage or compartment has water outlet orifice plate, elasticity to go out water guide plate; The gravity water railway carriage or compartment is divided into a plurality of sump with branch storehouse dividing plate, and the number of sump is selected to be equal to or greater than 1 according to significance level; Each sump is provided with draining valve, and the lower floor of operation draining valve is provided with emergent draining valve;
All adorn guide wheel and guide rail on ship railway carriage or compartment and the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, and on the gravity water railway carriage or compartment, the guide rail hydraulic tongs is housed.
2. hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift according to claim 1 is characterized in that: elasticity water receiving scraper plate and elasticity go out water guide plate and make of rubber.
3. hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift according to claim 1 is characterized in that: priming apparatus is a multilayer, between every layer of priming apparatus the water control valve of adding is arranged.
4. hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be associated with suction pump on the water storage box.
5. hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift according to claim 1 is characterized in that: connect rotary encoder on the fixed pulley of top layer machine room or reel.
CN2008103048990A 2008-10-13 2008-10-13 Hydraulic gravity force type vertical ship lift Expired - Fee Related CN101481909B (en)

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CN110206003B (en) * 2019-06-20 2024-05-31 郑闻博 Gravity type vertical ship lift and ship lifting method
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SU894057A1 (en) * 1980-04-30 1981-12-30 Предприятие П/Я М-5828 Pontoon ship lift
DE19846471A1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-13 Tretec Gmbh Ges Fuer Technolog Ship emptying and loading system, in which standard platforms are raised and lowered by crane system
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CN1789077A (en) * 2005-12-27 2006-06-21 国营武昌造船厂 Gravity balance type ship vertical lifter

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