CN109211451B - Method for measuring friction force of hydraulically driven ship lift system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring friction force of a hydraulically driven ship lift system, and belongs to the field of channel engineering monitoring. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) installing a sensor; (2) measuring and calculating the buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber in the upward direction; (3) measuring and calculating the downward buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber; (4) calculating the friction force of the ship compartment at the same elevation; (5) averaging the friction force obtained in the step (4); (6) finally obtaining a relation line of the friction force of the hydraulically driven ship lift and the ship chamber elevation position. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for measuring the friction force of the hydraulic ship lift system by using the buoyancy is novel, simple in principle, easy to implement and accurate and reliable in data; the number of measuring elements is small, and a sensor is only required to be arranged on one side of the winding drum; the system friction of the full-stroke ship lift can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring the friction force of a hydraulically driven ship lift system, in particular to a method for directly measuring the friction force of the hydraulically driven ship lift system, and belongs to the field of channel engineering monitoring.
Background
The ship lift is a channel capable of overcoming large water head difference and providing fast dam-passing for ships, is parallel to a ship lock to form two main navigation building types, and is particularly suitable for high dam navigation. The construction technology level of large ship lifts in Europe such as Germany and Belgium is high, the large ship lifts in China start later, but the development is rapid in recent years, a batch of representative large ship lifts are built successively, and a plurality of parts of the world are created. The largest-scale Changjiang river Sanxia gear-rack climbing ship lift has been tried in 2016 for navigation in 9 months, the largest lift weight is 15500t, the largest lift height is 113m, the effective water area size of a ship chamber is 120m multiplied by 18m multiplied by 3.5m (length multiplied by width multiplied by water depth), and the ship can pass through a 3000t large-scale ship; the single-stage hoisting machine with the largest single-stage hoisting height for the Wujiang construction beaches is a wire rope hoisting type ship elevator, the maximum hoisting height of 127m can pass through a 500t ship, and the ship can be installed and debugged at present; the original landscape flood hydraulic drive type ship lift in China is tried to navigate in 2016 and 8 months, can pass through 500t ships, and is also the largest cabin underwater ship lift built in China at present. The three ship lifts are representative of three main types of large vertical ship lifts.
The friction force of the ship lift system is always a great concern for design units and operation departments. The influence of the system friction on the design and operation of the ship lift is mainly reflected in the following aspects: in the design process, the selection of the lifting mechanism, the friction force is used for wearing a mechanical system, the friction force is superposed with other loads to influence the safety of the ship lift, and the like.
The friction force measuring method is a friction force measuring method introduced by a junior middle school physical textbook and adopts a spring scale to pull a wood block to do uniform linear motion. Among the related friction force measuring methods, cylinder friction force measurement documents are numerous. The measuring method is roughly divided into two methods, one method is that the pressure of an air inlet cavity and an air exhaust cavity at two ends of a piston is measured in real time by adopting air pressure driving, and the static friction force and the dynamic friction force are indirectly calculated according to a balance equation of the friction force and the air pressure on the piston, which can be called as an indirect measuring method of the friction force of the cylinder; and the second method adopts external traction drive, an external driving element is connected with the cylinder through a force sensor, the output of the force sensor is collected, and the static and dynamic friction forces of the cylinder are obtained by combining a motion equation, so that the method is called as a direct measurement method.
The hydraulically driven ship lift is a novel ship lift which is independently developed in China, and related mechanical properties of the ship lift need to be obtained through direct monitoring. The main defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the hydraulic driven ship lift is a new type of ship lift, and its friction force mainly includes the friction forces between drum and drum support, synchronizing shaft and bearing support, ship chamber guide wheel and ship lift guide rail, all of which are rolling friction forces. The friction force has many composition items and complex influence factors, and no proper method is available for measurement.
(2) The traditional measuring method is directed at a winch type ship lift, a tension meter is directly arranged on a steel wire rope for measuring, the technology is complex, and the normal operation of a ship lock is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the system friction of a hydraulically driven ship lift, so as to obtain the system friction of the hydraulically driven ship lift.
The technical scheme for achieving the aim of the invention is as follows: a method for measuring friction force of a hydraulically driven ship lift system comprises the steps of considering the friction force of the ship lift from the whole system of the ship lift, arranging a water level sensor at the bottom of a vertical shaft and arranging a laser displacement sensor at the top of the vertical shaft, monitoring the water level of the vertical shaft and the position data of a buoy in the uniform ascending and descending or reversing processes of the ship lift, calculating buoyancy change of the buoy, and converting the buoyancy change into the friction force of the ship lift system.
A friction force measuring method for a hydraulically driven ship lift system realizes the principle of system friction force measurement:
(1) in the process of uniform speed ascending and descending and reversing of the ship chamber, the buoyancy of the buoy is changed due to the blocking effect of the friction force of the system on relative operation;
(2) monitoring the water surface of the vertical shaft and the position of the buoy to obtain buoyancy change of the buoy;
(3) converting the buoyancy of the buoy changing according to the time sequence into the buoyancy of the buoy changing according to the elevation of the ship compartment, and obtaining a buoyancy change value at the same elevation through the difference of the buoyancy of the buoys ascending and descending at the same elevation of the ship compartment;
(4) the buoyancy change value of the buoy at the same elevation in the processes of ascending, descending and reversing of the ship chamber is 4 times of the friction force of the system, and the initial full-stroke system friction force of the ship chamber can be obtained.
(5) In order to solve the problem that the acceleration running of the ship chamber does not meet the uniform speed condition in the opening process of the valve in the ascending and descending processes, considering that the opening time of the valve is short, the influence of the acceleration on the running distance of the ship chamber is short, and averaging the preliminary system friction calculated in the ascending and descending processes according to the elevation every 5m to obtain the system friction at the elevation.
The invention discloses a method for measuring the friction force of a hydraulically driven ship lift system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) installing a sensor; the method specifically comprises the steps that a water level sensor is installed at the bottom of a vertical shaft, and a laser displacement sensor is installed at the top of the vertical shaft; the water level sensor at the bottom of the vertical shaft is used for measuring the water level of the vertical shaft, and the laser displacement sensor at the top of the vertical shaft is used for measuring the distance from the top of the buoy to the arrangement position of the laser displacement sensor;
(2) measuring and calculating the buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber in the upward direction; starting the ship chamber to ascend, and acquiring the water level elevation of the vertical shaft by the water level sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the acquisition well; the laser displacement sensor collects the distance from the top of the buoy to the laser displacement sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy to the laser displacement sensor;
subtracting the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft from the top elevation of the buoy to obtain the water outlet height of the buoy, subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy from the total height of the buoy to obtain the water inlet depth of the buoy, and calculating the buoyancy of the buoy according to the water inlet depth of the buoy;
Fu＝ρ(h1-(h2u-h3u))sg+Fv(a)
wherein FuIs the buoyancy force borne by the buoy when the ship chamber goes upwards1Is the height of the cylinder section of the buoy h2uFor the elevation of the pontoon during the ascent of the ship's cabin3uAs a shipThe water level elevation of the vertical shaft during the upward movement of the compartment, s is the sectional area of the cylindrical section of the buoy, g is the gravity acceleration, and rho is the density of the water body; buoy Fv is the buoy non-cylindrical section buoyancy, and this section is always under water. Will go upward buoyancy FuEstablishing a relationship with the running position of the ship chamber to form an upward buoyancy FuA curve changing along with the ascending position of the ship compartment;
(3) measuring and calculating the downward buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber; starting the ship chamber to descend, and acquiring the water level elevation of the vertical shaft by the water level sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the acquisition well; the laser displacement sensor collects the distance from the top of the buoy to the laser displacement sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy to the laser displacement sensor;
subtracting the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft from the top elevation of the buoy to obtain the water outlet height of the buoy, subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy from the total height of the buoy to obtain the water inlet depth of the buoy, and calculating the buoyancy of the buoy according to the water inlet depth of the buoy;
Fd＝ρ(h1-(h2d-h3d))sg+Fv(b)
wherein FdBuoyancy of the pontoon during the downward movement of the chamber, h1Is the height of the cylinder section of the buoy h2dFor the elevation of the pontoon during the downward movement of the ship chamber, h3dThe elevation of the water surface of a vertical shaft during the descending of a ship chamber, s is the sectional area of a cylindrical section of the buoy, and g is the gravity acceleration; thereby obtaining the buoyancy F of the buoy when the ship chamber goes downd(ii) a ρ is the density of the water body, FvThe buoy is not buoyant in a cylinder section, and the section is always underwater.
Will descend buoyancy FdEstablishing a relationship with the running position of the ship chamber to form a downward buoyancy FdA change curve along with the position of the ship compartment;
(4) calculating the friction force of the ship chamber at the same elevation as follows:
wherein T is the tension of the steel wire rope at the side of the ship chamber, wherein TdFor wire rope tension during descent, TuFor the tension of the wire rope during the ascending, M is the float bowl massG is the acceleration of gravity, FdFor buoyancy of the pontoon during downward travel of the vessel, FuWhen the ship chamber ascends, the floating cylinder is subjected to buoyancy, and f is system friction;
(5) averaging the preliminary friction force according to every 5m of elevation to eliminate the influence of acceleration in the opening process of the valve, and obtaining the friction force of the system at a certain elevation in the uplink and downlink processes;
(6) in the reversing process, the position of the buoy is unchanged, only the water level of the vertical shaft is changed, and the friction force of the ship lift system is changed into static friction force, so that the influence of acceleration is not required to be considered.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a brand-new method for measuring the friction force of a hydraulic ship lift system by using a buoyancy method very simply;
(2) the number of measuring elements is small, and a sensor is only required to be arranged on one side of the winding drum;
(3) the system friction of the full-stroke ship lift can be obtained, the system friction of the hydraulic drive ship lift in the whole operation process is deeply known, and the design and the operation mode of the ship lift are theoretically guided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hydraulically driven ship lift according to the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a water level-time process line of a shaft of the hydraulically driven ship lift of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the hydraulically driven vessel elevator buoy elevation versus time course of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the elevation-time course of the ship chamber of the hydraulically driven ship lift according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the relationship between buoyancy of the buoy and elevation of the ship chamber of the hydraulically driven ship lift;
FIG. 6 shows the friction-cabin elevation relationship line of the hydraulically driven ship lift system.
Detailed Description
The embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the invention is described in detail.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a hydraulically driven ship lift, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a downward force applied to the hydraulically driven ship lift, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of an upward force applied to the hydraulically driven ship lift. The device comprises a winding drum 1, a vertical shaft 2, a floating barrel 3, a ship chamber 4, a vertical shaft water surface 5, a steel wire rope 6, a movable pulley 7, a water level sensor 13 and a laser displacement sensor 14.
The hydraulic drive type ship lift descends in the process that water is filled into the vertical shaft 2, the water level 5 of the vertical shaft rises to drive the floating barrel 3 to rise, the ship chamber 4 and the floating barrel 3 are connected by bypassing the winding barrel 1 through the steel wire rope 6, the floating barrel 3 rises to drive the ship chamber 4 to descend, the process is the ship lift descending process, and the ascending process is opposite to the descending process.
The invention discloses a method for measuring friction force of a hydraulically driven ship lift system, which comprises the following steps
(1) Installing a sensor; a water level sensor 13 is arranged at the bottom of the shaft 2, a laser displacement sensor 14 is arranged at the top of the shaft 2, referring to the attached drawing 1, the water level sensor 13 at the bottom of the shaft 2 is used for measuring the water level of the shaft 2, and the laser displacement sensor 14 at the top of the shaft 2 is used for measuring the distance from the top of the buoy 3 to the arrangement position of the laser displacement sensor 14;
(2) measuring and calculating the ascending buoyancy and the buoyancy process of the ship chamber 4; the ship chamber 4 is started to move upwards, the water level sensor 13 collects the water level elevation of the vertical shaft 2 at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the collection well; the laser displacement sensor 14 collects the distance from the top of the buoy 3 to the laser displacement sensor 14 at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy 3 to the laser displacement sensor 14;
the water outlet height of the buoy 3 is obtained by subtracting the water surface height of the vertical shaft 2 from the top height of the buoy 3, the water inlet depth of the buoy 3 can be obtained by subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy 3 from the total height of the buoy 3, and the buoyancy of the buoy can be calculated according to the water inlet depth;
Fu＝ρ(h1-(h2u-h3u))sg+Fv(a)
wherein FuBuoyancy borne by the pontoon when the ship chamber ascends, h1Is the height of the cylinder section of the buoy h2uFor the elevation of the pontoon during the ascent of the ship's cabin3uThe elevation of the water surface of a vertical shaft during the ascending of a ship chamber, s is the sectional area of a cylindrical barrel section of a buoy, g is the acceleration of gravity, and rhoIs the water density; fvThe buoy is not buoyant in a cylinder section, and the section is always underwater.
(3) Measuring and calculating the downward buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber 4; the ship chamber 4 starts to descend, the water level sensor collects the water level elevation of the vertical shaft 2 at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz, and the time change curve of the water level of the vertical shaft is obtained and is shown in figure 4; the laser displacement sensor 14 collects the distance from the top of the buoy 3 to the laser displacement sensor 14 at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy 3 to the laser displacement sensor 14;
the water outlet height of the buoy 3 is obtained by subtracting the water surface height of the vertical shaft 2 from the top height of the buoy 3, the water inlet depth of the buoy 3 can be obtained by subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy 3 from the total height of the buoy 3, and the buoyancy of the buoy can be calculated according to the water inlet depth;
Fd＝ρ(h1-(h2d-h3d))sg+Fv(b)
wherein FdBuoyancy of the pontoon during the downward movement of the chamber, h1For balancing the height of the cylinder segments, h2dFor the elevation of the pontoon during the downward movement of the ship chamber, h3dThe elevation of the water surface of a vertical shaft during the descending of a ship chamber, s is the sectional area of a cylindrical section of the buoy, and g is the gravity acceleration; thereby obtaining the buoyancy F of the buoy when the ship chamber goes downd(ii) a ρ is the density of the water body, FvThe buoy is not buoyant in a cylinder section, and the section is always underwater.
(4) Calculating the friction force of the ship chamber at the same elevation as follows:
wherein T is the tension of the steel wire rope at the side of the ship chamber, M is the mass of the buoy, g is the acceleration of gravity, and FdFor buoyancy of the pontoon during downward travel of the vessel, FuThe buoyancy force borne by the buoy when the ship chamber ascends, and f is the system friction force;
(5) averaging the preliminary friction force according to every 5m of elevation to eliminate the influence of acceleration in the opening process of the valve, and obtaining the friction force of the system at a certain elevation in the uplink and downlink processes;
(6) in the reversing process, the position of the buoy is unchanged, only the water level of the vertical shaft 2 is changed, and the friction force of the ship lift system is changed into static friction force, so that the influence of acceleration is not required to be considered.
Example two
Taking a certain hydraulically driven ship lift as an example, the height of a pontoon of the ship lift is 16.8m, the area of an annular gap between a vertical shaft and the pontoon is 30.19m, and the volume of a conical body at the bottom of the pontoon is 18m3And the friction force measurement steps of the hydraulic drive type ship lift system are as follows:
(1) installing a sensor; the method specifically comprises the steps that a water level sensor is installed at the bottom of a vertical shaft, and a laser displacement sensor is installed at the top of the vertical shaft; the water level sensor at the bottom of the vertical shaft is used for measuring the water level of the vertical shaft, and the laser displacement sensor at the top of the vertical shaft is used for measuring the distance from the top of the buoy to the arrangement position of the laser displacement sensor;
(2) measuring and calculating the buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber in the upward direction; starting the ship chamber to ascend, and acquiring the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft by the water level sensor at the frequency of 100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the acquisition well, which is shown in the attached figure 4; the laser displacement sensor collects the distance from the top of the buoy to the laser displacement sensor at the frequency of 100Hz to obtain a buoy elevation-time change curve, which is shown in figure 3, and meanwhile, as the buoy is connected with the cabin through the steel wire rope, the buoy elevation-time change curve can be converted into a cabin elevation-time change curve according to the length of the steel wire rope, which is shown in figure 4;
subtracting the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft from the top elevation of the buoy to obtain the water outlet height of the buoy, subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy from the total height of the buoy to obtain the water inlet depth of the buoy, and calculating the buoyancy of the buoy according to the water inlet depth of the buoy;
Fu＝ρ(h1-(h2uu-h3u))sg+Fv(a)
wherein FuBuoyancy borne by the pontoon when the ship chamber ascends, h1Is the height of the cylinder section of the buoy h2uFor the elevation of the pontoon during the ascent of the ship's cabin3uThe elevation of the water surface of a vertical shaft during the ascending of a ship chamber, s is the sectional area of a cylindrical section of a buoy, g is the gravity acceleration, and rho is the density of a water body; fvThe buoy is buoyancy of a non-cylinder section, and the section is always underwater; will go upward buoyancy FuEstablishing a relationship with the running position of the ship chamber to form an ascending buoyancyFuThe elevation change curve along with the ship compartment is shown in figure 5;
(3) measuring and calculating the downward buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber; starting the ship chamber to descend, and acquiring the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft by the water level sensor at the frequency of 100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the acquisition well; the laser displacement sensor collects the distance from the top of the buoy to the laser displacement sensor at the frequency of 100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy to the laser displacement sensor;
subtracting the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft from the top elevation of the buoy to obtain the water outlet height of the buoy, subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy from the total height of the buoy to obtain the water inlet depth of the buoy, and calculating the buoyancy of the buoy according to the water inlet depth of the buoy;
Fd＝ρ(h1-(h2d-h3d))sg+Fv(b)
wherein FdBuoyancy of the pontoon during the downward movement of the chamber, h1For balancing the height of the cylinder segments, h2dFor the elevation of the pontoon during the downward movement of the ship chamber, h3dThe elevation of the water surface of a vertical shaft during the descending of a ship chamber, s is the sectional area of a cylindrical section of the buoy, and g is the gravity acceleration; thereby obtaining the buoyancy F of the buoy when the ship chamber goes downd(ii) a ρ is the density of the water body, FvThe buoy is buoyancy of a non-cylinder section, and the section is always underwater; will descend buoyancy FdEstablishing a relationship with the running position of the ship chamber to form a downward buoyancy FdThe elevation change curve along with the ship compartment is shown in figure 5;
(4) calculating the friction force of the ship chamber at the same elevation as follows:
wherein T is the tension of a steel wire rope at the side of the ship chamber, M is the mass of the buoy, g is the gravity acceleration, Fd is the buoyancy of the buoy during the descending of the ship chamber, the buoyancy borne by the buoy when the Fu ship chamber ascends, and f is the friction force of the system;
(5) averaging the preliminary friction force according to the elevation of every 5m to eliminate the influence of the acceleration in the opening process of the valve, and obtaining the friction force of the system at a certain elevation in the uplink and downlink processes, as shown in FIG. 6;
(6) in the reversing process, as the position of the buoy is unchanged and only changes in the water level of the vertical shaft, the friction force of the ship lift system is changed into static friction force, so that the influence of acceleration is not required to be considered, and the relation line of the friction force of the whole hydraulic drive type ship lift and the elevation position of a ship chamber is shown in a figure 6.
Claims (3)
1. A method for measuring the friction force of a hydraulically driven ship lift system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) installing a sensor; the method specifically comprises the steps that a water level sensor is installed at the bottom of a vertical shaft, and a laser displacement sensor is installed at the top of the vertical shaft;
(2) measuring and calculating the buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber in the upward direction; will go upward buoyancy FuEstablishing a relationship with the running position of the ship chamber to form an upward buoyancy FuA curve changing along with the ascending position of the ship compartment;
(3) measuring and calculating the downward buoyancy and buoyancy process of the ship chamber; will descend buoyancy FdEstablishing a relationship with the running position of the ship chamber to form a downward buoyancy FdA curve changing along with the descending position of the ship compartment;
(4) calculating the friction force of the ship chamber at the same elevation as follows:
wherein T is the tension of the steel wire rope at the side of the ship chamber, wherein TdFor wire rope tension during descent, TuFor the wire rope tension during the ascent, M is the buoy mass, g is the gravitational acceleration, FdFor buoyancy of the pontoon during downward travel of the vessel, FuThe buoyancy force borne by the buoy when the ship chamber ascends, and f is the system friction force;
(5) averaging the friction force obtained in the step (4) according to the elevation of every 5m to eliminate the influence of acceleration in the opening process of the valve, and obtaining the friction force of the system at a certain elevation in the uplink and downlink processes;
(6) in the reversing process, as the position of the buoy is unchanged and only changes in the water level of the vertical shaft, the friction force of the ship lift system is changed into static friction force, so that the influence of acceleration is not required to be considered, and a relation line between the friction force of the hydraulically driven ship lift and the elevation position of a ship chamber is obtained.
2. The method for measuring the friction force of the hydraulically driven ship lift system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for measuring and calculating the ascending buoyancy and the buoyancy of the ship chamber comprises the following steps: starting the ship chamber to ascend, and acquiring the water level elevation of the vertical shaft by the water level sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the acquisition well; the laser displacement sensor collects the distance from the top of the buoy to the laser displacement sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy to the laser displacement sensor; the shaft surface of water elevation is subtracted to the flotation pontoon apical elevation and the flotation pontoon height of going out is obtained, subtracts the flotation pontoon height of going out with the total height of flotation pontoon and can obtain the flotation pontoon depth of going into water, can calculate flotation pontoon buoyancy in view of the above:
Fu＝ρ(h1-(h2u-h3u))sg+Fv(a)
wherein FuBuoyancy borne by the pontoon when the ship chamber ascends, h1Is the height of the cylinder section of the buoy h2uFor the elevation of the pontoon during the ascent of the ship's cabin3uThe elevation of the water surface of a vertical shaft during the ascending of a ship chamber, s is the sectional area of a cylindrical section of a buoy, g is the gravity acceleration, and rho is the density of a water body; float FvThe buoy is not buoyant in a cylinder section, and the section is always underwater.
3. The method for measuring the friction force of the hydraulically driven ship lift system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for measuring and calculating the descending buoyancy and the buoyancy process of the ship chamber comprises the following steps: starting the ship chamber to descend, and acquiring the water level elevation of the vertical shaft by the water level sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a water level time change curve of the acquisition well; the laser displacement sensor collects the distance from the top of the buoy to the laser displacement sensor at the frequency of 1Hz-100Hz to obtain a distance-time change curve from the buoy to the laser displacement sensor; subtracting the water surface elevation of the vertical shaft from the top elevation of the buoy to obtain the water outlet height of the buoy, subtracting the water outlet height of the buoy from the total height of the buoy to obtain the water inlet depth of the buoy, and calculating the buoyancy of the buoy according to the water inlet depth of the buoy;
Fd＝ρ(h1-(h2d-h3d))sg+Fv(b)
wherein FdBuoyancy of the pontoon during the downward movement of the chamber, h1Is the height of the cylinder section of the buoy h2dFor the elevation of the pontoon during the downward movement of the ship chamber, h3dThe elevation of the water surface of the vertical shaft during the descending of the ship chamber, s is a buoy with the sectional area of a buoy barrel section, and g is gravity acceleration; thereby obtaining the buoyancy F of the buoy when the ship chamber goes downd(ii) a ρ is the density of the water body, FvThe buoy is not buoyant in a cylinder section, and the section is always underwater.
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