CN1154782C - 防火门或防火窗 - Google Patents
防火门或防火窗 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1154782C CN1154782C CNB008007128A CN00800712A CN1154782C CN 1154782 C CN1154782 C CN 1154782C CN B008007128 A CNB008007128 A CN B008007128A CN 00800712 A CN00800712 A CN 00800712A CN 1154782 C CN1154782 C CN 1154782C
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/6621—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together with special provisions for fitting in window frames or to adjacent units; Separate edge protecting strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/069—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of intumescent material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10311—Intumescent layers for fire protection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/02—Wings made completely of glass
- E06B3/025—Wings made completely of glass consisting of multiple glazing units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
- E06B5/162—Fireproof doors having windows or other openings, e.g. for permitting ventilation or escape
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明设计避免烟和/或火侵袭的防火门或防火窗,它安装在防火地段的区域内,主要由玻璃板构成,玻璃板镶嵌在一个围绕着它的金属框内,防火门/防火窗包括至少一个门扇或窗扇形式上的的运动部分,它由两块通过型材隔开距离的玻璃板构成,玻璃板基本上一直延伸到门扇或窗扇的边缘并且在隔开距离的玻璃板之间存在一种透明的防火剂,以及设计为空腔型材的型材连接成一个框,其特征为:框被玻璃板的局部瓷漆层覆盖,防火门或防火窗设计为模块式结构;以及型材设有至少两个空腔,空腔有一缺口或槽,它适用于连接其他型材;或者型材设有一空腔和一外部界边,它适用于连接其他型材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防火门或防火窗,它主要由玻璃板构成,玻璃板嵌在一个围扣住它的金属框内,以及用于在着火地段内避免烟和火的侵袭。
背景技术
例如由EP0401555A2可知这种防火门,在那里,在一个有环形安装槽的金属框内装入一玻璃板。玻璃板终止在框前,并通过附加地固定在玻璃板上起补偿适配器作用的金属边条与金属框连接。金属条借助于例如以水玻璃为基的普通防火胶连接。
EP0612910A2公开了用于金属门的封闭条,为了提高稳定性将它压入两个伸出的边之间的下部区内。
由EP0444393A2可知防火门用的框型材,其中玻璃板被一坚固的框型材固定。此框型材设计为空腔型材,在腔内有插入的防火板,它们保证这种门的耐火性。
在DE29645259A1中介绍了一种耐火的镶装玻璃。其中在一侧使用由预应力玻璃制的硅酸盐玻璃板,以及在位于两侧之间的空隙的另一侧使用加筋的硅酸盐玻璃板。这样一种耐火的镶装玻璃的结构借助一个围绕并扣夹住边缘的金属框实现。
DE29742665A1公开了一种隔热的摆动门或弹簧铰门,其中门框或门扇的边缘有隔热材料,它沿整个长度或宽度延伸。这种隔热材料受热膨胀,所以在着火的情况下门的构件自动处于可靠隔火的状态。这种门用扁平的不透明材料制造,在局部区由于要开窗而截断。
由提及的先有技术可知,这些结构已不再与当今流行的建筑风格相合。如今的做法是要使观察者感受到在这里采用了非物质化的透明的结构,然而采用由先有技术已知的设计在今天已不再能够满足这一要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是创造一种防火门或防火窗,它在建筑设计空间的现代化形象方面不因采用玻璃构件而破坏整体形象,并提供了可能性可应用于完全不同的使用目的。
此目的通过按本发明的防火门或防火窗来达到。按本发明,防火门或防火窗设计为模块式结构。在下面的说明中只针对防火门,其中按本发明的设计也涉及防火窗。通过成功创造防火门的基体,可以在无需附加工作量的情况下提供完全不同类型的门,如弹簧铰门、自动门等。在这里防火门由一个通过两块隔开间距的玻璃板构成的门扇组成,玻璃板基本上一直延伸到门扇的边缘。其中,型材设计为空腔型材并通过角接头连接成一个框。不过框不陈列在外面,从外部是看不见框的,因为它处在内部区,亦即在隔开距离的玻璃板之间,而玻璃板在型材所在区通过涂瓷漆覆盖了型材的这一区域。在门扇内部的空隙,也就是说在环形的框与间隔距离的玻璃板之间,充填透明的防火剂。但根据使用类型也可以取消透明的液态防火剂,或对于更高的防火等级在此空隙内置入特殊的防火玻璃。采用这种类型的设计创造了一种透明的门,就是在着火的情况下仍能为使用者提供一定程度的透明度,并因而可以显示出例如在这种门的后面火已被扑灭。
用于框的型材,不仅用于纵梁而且用于横梁的始终是同一种型材并至少有一个空腔,其中朝外部方向的空腔有一缺口或槽,它提供用于连接其他型材。暗藏式框的型材有凸块,它们覆盖所使用的玻璃板的玻璃板边缘,与此同时,玻璃板边缘有一凹口,以便能容纳另一个起封闭型材作用的型材。此封闭型材压入环形型材第一空腔的缺口或槽内,并因而可靠地覆盖了玻璃板端部区及其凸块。封闭型材在其中部区内有一T形槽,它适用于安装密封件。封闭型材在外部区内的走向对于自动门有一种球形的外轮廓,在这里也可设想其他的设计形式。防火层合塑料可组合在此外轮廓内。采用防火层合塑料的目的是,在着火的情况下由于提高了温度而促使其膨胀,并因而保证门扇与周围门框的密封。
因此按本发明类型的防火门可以由一个暗藏式环形框和两块由单层安全玻璃制的相隔间距的玻璃板预制而成。若除了上述具有封闭型材的设计外还希望使用另一种类型,例如使用一种自动门,则采用另外设计的型材,它同样装入空腔的缺口中以及也覆盖玻璃板的边缘,但除此之外还有用作门扇在门框内的止挡的挡边。
但也可设想,挡边不直接成形在上面,而是采用一个附加的型材,它在其外部区有至少优选的两个T形槽,在其中一个T形槽内可安装密封装置,在第二个T形槽内安装一个相应形状的止挡型材。
所采用的型材可用塑料或轻金属制造。在型材的内部装入适当的配件,以保证这种防火门的功能流程。这种门扇既可设计为单扇式也可设计为双扇式转翼门,或可设计为弹簧铰门。
附图说明
下面借助于示意表示的实施例进一步说明本发明。其中:
图1关闭的防火门前视图;
图2通过图1所示防火门的垂直剖面;
图3通过具有完全不同的型材的边缘区部分横截面图;以及
图4类似于图3,但具有另一个型材。
具体实施方式
图1表示防火门,它有一个从外面可看到的在门框1内部的门扇2。例如在图2中表示了这种门的垂直剖面。在嵌有防火层合塑料作为密封装置4的门框1上部区与地板之间在剖视图中表示了一个门扇2,它支承在地板的入口门槛23上面的门下部支座24中。门扇1的基本结构主要由两块玻璃板5和6相隔一定距离组成,间距借助于一个看不见的由型材9构成的框实现。型材9借助图中未表示的角接头组合成一个框。在框内部玻璃板5和6之间,在留下的空腔内置入一种防火填料25,例如形式上为一种防火凝胶体。
型材9基本上由两个空腔10和14组成,其中空腔10设计为封闭的空腔,而空腔14设计为有缺口19的开口空腔,缺口19朝向框的外边缘。在空腔14内部有一凹陷12,它用于进一步连接或固定附加地通过缺口19置入的其他型材。型材9在也存在缺口19的外侧,在每一边有朝玻璃板方向的凸块38。凸块38覆盖玻璃板5和6的玻璃板边缘27。玻璃板5和6在此区域相对于其外表面有一凹口7。取代凹口7,玻璃板5、6也可以如图4所示只制有一个倒角。在玻璃板5和6后面有型材9的区域内,玻璃板5和6涂有瓷漆3。所以这种防火门的观察者或使用者不能看见此框。在按图2的实施例中,不仅在上侧而且在下侧的型材9的缺口19内均装入一封闭型材17。封闭型材17有凸块18,它为封闭型材17在缺口19内提供必要的固定。封闭型材17的外轮廓16按一个半径延伸,两端终止在伸出的边8中,边8插入玻璃板5和6的凹口7中,并因而完全覆盖住玻璃板边缘27。封闭型材17的外轮廓16在中央区被T形槽15断开。在T形槽15中例如可装入密封装置39。此外两侧是朝T形槽15延伸的凹槽21,它们用形式上为膨胀条20的防火层合塑料充填。借助这些防火层合塑料,保证在着火的情况下,由于受大量的热侵袭而由门可靠隔离了着火区。
图2的实施例表示了一种例如可用作弹簧铰门的门。但也可以如图3所示,由门扇2的基体,亦即玻璃板5和6以及位于它们之间由型材9构成的框,制成一种自动门。为此例如使用型材28,它通过凸块18装在缺口19中。型材28在其外部区也有边29,它们充填在玻璃板5和6的凹口7中。与凸块30相对,型材28有两个凹口30,它们贴靠在型材9的外轮廓上。此外,在型材38的外轮廓内加工有两个优选地在边缘处的T形槽。在此T形槽内可例如装入密封件,但也可装入一个止挡型材33。此要装入的型材也可以用其他材料制造。止挡型材33设计为,它有平行于玻璃板6延伸的边34,边34过渡为边35,后者有比边34小的横截面。在边34到边35的过渡区内存在一个折角边37,它在其端部区有一个T形台阶。此T形台阶插入T形槽31内。此外,在边35上还装有密封装置36。因此,通过型材28与33的这种快速插入,基于模块式结构,可由防火门的基本构件成功创造一种自动门。在型材28的外部区内,一个凹口32在两个T形槽之间延伸,它例如可用于置入作为防火层合塑料的膨胀条。
在图4的实施例中表示了型材43,它只设计有一个空腔44。外部的界边45有成形在侧面的外伸段46,它们覆盖住玻璃板边缘27。在此实施例中,玻璃板5、6制有倒角40。按图4的设计,在界边45上连接一封闭型材41。此封闭型材41设计成U形,其中两个挡边42一直延伸到玻璃板5、6的倒角40处。在外轮廓16的中央制有一T形槽15以及侧面组合有防火层合塑料。在隔开间距的玻璃板5、6之间的空隙,可根据防火等级充填防火剂,例如凝胶或防火玻璃,或也可不充填任何防火剂。同样,型材9、43可以充填或不充填。
型材9、17、28、41和43可用塑料、钢、木材或轻金属制造。在采用塑料时涉及的是一种玻璃纤维增强塑料。
符号表
1 门框
2 门扇
3 瓷漆层
4 密封装置
5 玻璃板
6 玻璃板
7 凹口
8 边
9 型材
10 空腔
11 隔板
12 凹口
13 外壁
14 空腔
15 T形槽
16 外轮廓
17 封闭型材
18 凸块
19 缺口
20 膨胀条(防火层合塑料)
21 凹槽
23 入口门槛
24 门支座
25 防火填料
27 玻璃板边缘
28 型材
29 边
30 凹口
31 T形槽
32 凹口
33 止挡型材
34 边
35 边
36 密封装置
37 边
38 凸块
39 密封装置
40 倒角
41 封闭型材
42 边
43 型材
44 空腔
45 界边
46 外伸段
Claims (18)
1.避免烟和/或火侵袭的防火门或防火窗,它安装在防火地段的区域内,主要由玻璃板构成,玻璃板镶嵌在一个围绕着它的金属框内,防火门/防火窗包括至少一个门扇(2)或窗扇形式的运动部分,它由两块通过型材(9、43)隔开距离的玻璃板(5、6)构成,玻璃板(5、6)基本上一直延伸到门扇(2)或窗扇的边缘并且在开距离的玻璃板(5、6)之间存在一种透明的防火剂(25),以及设计为空腔型材的型材(9、43)连接成一个框,其特征为:该框被玻璃板(5、6)的局部瓷漆层(3)覆盖,防火门或防火窗设计为模块式结构;以及型材(9)设有至少两个空腔(10、14),空腔(14)有一缺口(19)或槽,它适用于连接其他型材(17、28);或者型材(43)设有一空腔(44)和一外部界边(45),它适用于连接其他型材(41)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:型材(9)有凸块(38),它们覆盖住玻璃板(5)和(6)的玻璃板边缘(27)。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:玻璃板(5、6)在玻璃板边缘(27)的区域内有凹口(7),它们由封闭型材(17、18)的边(8、29)充填。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:玻璃板(5、6)在玻璃板边缘(27)的区域内有倒角(40),它们被封闭型材(41)的边(42)覆盖。
5.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:封闭型材(17、28、41)有球形或直的外轮廓(16)。
6.按照权利要求5所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:封闭型材(17、28、41)的外轮廓(16)被至少一个T形槽(15、31)断开。
7.按照权利要求6所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:在T形槽(15、31)内装入密封装置(39)。
8.按照权利要求6或7所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:在T形槽(31)内装入止挡型材(33)。
9.按照权利要求5至7之一项所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:在外轮廓(16)内组合有防火层合塑料(20)。
10.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:有空腔(44)的型材(43)设计有一外部界边(45),它有全部或部分覆盖住玻璃板边缘(27)的外伸段(46)。
11.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:型材(9、17、28、41、43)用塑料、钢、木材或轻金属制造。
12.按照权利要求11所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:塑料是玻璃纤维增强塑料。
13.按照权利要求1或2所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:在型材(9、43)内部安装配件。
14.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:至少一个门扇(2)装在一单扇或双扇式的转翼门中。
15.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:至少一个门扇(2)装在一单扇或双扇式的弹簧铰门中。
16.按照权利要求1或2所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:玻璃板(5、6)用安全玻璃制造。
17.按照权利要求1所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:框充填防火剂(25)。
18.按照权利要求1或17所述的防火门或防火窗,其特征为:防火剂(25)是一种防火凝胶。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19933410A DE19933410B4 (de) | 1999-07-21 | 1999-07-21 | Brandschutztür oder -fenster |
DE19933410.2 | 1999-07-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1313925A CN1313925A (zh) | 2001-09-19 |
CN1154782C true CN1154782C (zh) | 2004-06-23 |
Family
ID=7915029
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB008007128A Expired - Fee Related CN1154782C (zh) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-19 | 防火门或防火窗 |
Country Status (26)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6668499B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1115958B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003521602A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20010079505A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1154782C (zh) |
AT (2) | AT4249U1 (zh) |
BG (1) | BG64758B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2344160A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ299121B6 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19933410B4 (zh) |
EE (1) | EE200100169A (zh) |
GE (1) | GEP20033121B (zh) |
HR (1) | HRP20010021A2 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0103415A3 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID28366A (zh) |
LT (1) | LT4889B (zh) |
LV (1) | LV12669B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO319863B1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL346780A1 (zh) |
RO (1) | RO120584B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2241814C2 (zh) |
SI (1) | SI20432A (zh) |
SK (1) | SK3632001A3 (zh) |
UA (1) | UA74138C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001007744A1 (zh) |
YU (1) | YU1201A (zh) |
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-
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- 2000-07-19 WO PCT/EP2000/006884 patent/WO2001007744A1/de active IP Right Grant
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- 2000-07-19 JP JP2001512151A patent/JP2003521602A/ja active Pending
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- 2000-07-19 ID IDW20010883A patent/ID28366A/id unknown
- 2000-07-19 CA CA002344160A patent/CA2344160A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-19 RO ROA200100322A patent/RO120584B1/ro unknown
- 2000-07-19 UA UA2001042722A patent/UA74138C2/uk unknown
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- 2000-07-19 EP EP00953070A patent/EP1115958B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-19 DE DE50012645T patent/DE50012645D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-19 CZ CZ20010956A patent/CZ299121B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2000-07-19 YU YU1201A patent/YU1201A/sh unknown
- 2000-07-19 KR KR1020017000237A patent/KR20010079505A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-19 SK SK363-2001A patent/SK3632001A3/sk not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2000-07-19 CN CNB008007128A patent/CN1154782C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-19 RU RU2001110107/03A patent/RU2241814C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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2001
- 2001-01-10 HR HR20010021A patent/HRP20010021A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-26 BG BG105192A patent/BG64758B1/bg unknown
- 2001-01-30 NO NO20010511A patent/NO319863B1/no unknown
- 2001-02-26 LV LV010028A patent/LV12669B/xx unknown
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