CN115416376A - 一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115416376A
CN115416376A CN202211195437.6A CN202211195437A CN115416376A CN 115416376 A CN115416376 A CN 115416376A CN 202211195437 A CN202211195437 A CN 202211195437A CN 115416376 A CN115416376 A CN 115416376A
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cushion block
temperature
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strength heat
heat insulation
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郭铁军
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Shanghai Changhai Marine Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，包括垫块本体，垫块本体包括若干层基体与胶泥构成，相邻基体之间通过胶泥粘连后加压制成垫块本体，基体为玻璃纤维毡/布、玄武岩纤维毡/布、氧化铝纤维毡/布、硅酸铝纤维毡/布或莫来石纤维毡/布中的一种或多种，胶泥由磷酸二氢铝溶液、酚醛树脂与加固剂均匀混合制成。本发明属于隔热垫块技术领域，具体是提供了一种用于吸收舱底热量，且具有较小的摩擦率以适应储罐热胀冷缩带来的位移，材料来源丰富、成本低廉、制作简便，具有优异的力学性能，抗压强度高，还有较低的导热系数的耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法。

Description

一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于隔热垫块技术领域，具体是指一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法。
背景技术
沥青、硫磺等高温液体货物运输船是一种特殊的船型，具有较高科技含量，制造难度较大，其中沥青等货物装载在独立货舱-储罐中，温度已经能够达到250℃，甚至280℃。在这种情况下，由于装载货物的储罐都为金属材质，如果储罐直接安装在船体上，那么与货罐接触的船体部分与海水之间存在很大的温度差，因此很容易在船体结构上形成由于热胀冷缩造成的应力集中及屈服压力。这种现象容易导致舱壁出现裂纹甚至破裂。
针对上述情况，必须采用一定的舱底支撑结构来隔绝储罐的热传递到舱底，使舱底温度降到可以接受的范围。除了要吸收舱底热量外，舱底支撑块还必须有较小的摩擦率以适应储罐热胀冷缩带来的位移。
发明内容
针对上述情况，为克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种用于吸收舱底热量，且具有较小的摩擦率以适应储罐热胀冷缩带来的位移，材料来源丰富、成本低廉、制作简便，具有优异的力学性能，抗压强度高，还有较低的导热系数的耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法。
本发明采取的技术方案如下：本发明一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，包括垫块本体，所述垫块本体包括基体与胶泥构成，相邻所述基体之间通过胶泥粘连后加压制成垫块本体。
优选的，所述基体包括但不限于玻璃纤维毡/布、玄武岩纤维毡/布、氧化铝纤维毡/布、硅酸铝纤维毡/布或莫来石纤维毡/布中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述基体的厚度为3mm-10mm，且所述基体均为无碱无蜡。
进一步地，所述胶泥由磷酸二氢铝溶液、酚醛树脂与加固剂均匀混合制成。
作为另一方案，本方案还公开了一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、配置胶粘剂：准备磷酸二氢铝溶液，向磷酸二氢铝溶液内加入质量比不超过5％的固化剂，充分搅拌得到胶粘剂；
步骤二、制备酚醛树脂胶：准备酚醛树脂，向酚醛树脂内加入质量比为10％的固化剂，充分搅拌得到酚醛树脂胶；
步骤三：取一定尺寸的基体使用酚醛树脂进行浸渍，然后对浸渍后的基体晾置1h后进行干燥，得到干燥纤维布；
步骤四：将质量分数为2％的偶联剂KH550加入到酚醛树脂胶中，充分混合后再与胶粘剂均匀混合，搅拌10min以上得到胶泥；
步骤五：将干燥纤维布铺一层后，倒上适量的胶泥，将胶泥涂抹均匀，再铺第二层干燥纤维布，保证每层之间无气泡；
步骤六：重复步骤五至一定厚度，等胶泥凝固前加压至4Mpa，凉置24小时，得到所述耐高温高强度隔热垫块；根据需要切割成相应的尺寸。
在本方案中，所述胶泥中胶粘剂与酚醛树脂胶的重量比为(5-7)：(3-5)。
优选方案中，所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.47-1.55g/mL。
进一步地，所述步骤一中磷酸二氢铝溶液与固化剂的重量比为100：(1-5)。
优选方案中，所述步骤三中干燥的温度保持在35-50℃，干燥的时间为20min。
优选方案中，所述固化剂选用氧化锌或氧化镁。
采用上述方案本发明取得的有益效果如下：本方案一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块及其制备方法，用于吸收舱底热量外，具有较小的摩擦率以适应储罐热胀冷缩带来的位移，使用2cm厚度以上的该垫块就可以将垫块冷侧温度下降至60℃以下，成本低廉、制作简便，且具有优异的力学性能，填补了国内该产品的空白，便于推广使用。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例；基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1，本发明一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，包括垫块本体，其中，垫块本体包括若干层基体与胶泥构成，相邻基体之间通过胶泥粘连后加压制成垫块本体。
且单层基体的厚度为3mm-10mm，且基体均为无碱无蜡。
作为另一实施例，本方案还公开了一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、配置胶粘剂：准备磷酸二氢铝溶液，其中，磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.47-1.55g/mL，向磷酸二氢铝溶液内加入质量比为1％-5％的固化剂，充分搅拌得到胶粘剂；
步骤二、制备酚醛树脂胶：准备酚醛树脂，向酚醛树脂内加入质量比为10％的固化剂，充分搅拌得到酚醛树脂胶，固化剂选用氧化锌或氧化镁；
步骤三：取一定尺寸的基体使用酚醛树脂进行浸渍，然后对浸渍后的基体晾置1h后进行干燥，干燥的温度保持在35-50℃，干燥的时间为20min，得到干燥纤维布；
步骤四：将质量分数为2％的偶联剂KH550加入到酚醛树脂胶中，充分混合后再与胶粘剂均匀混合，搅拌10min以上得到胶泥，优选的，胶泥中胶粘剂与酚醛树脂胶的重量比为(5-7)：(3-5)；
步骤五：将干燥纤维布铺一层后，倒上适量的胶泥，将胶泥涂抹均匀，以完全覆盖干燥纤维布的表面为准，再铺第二层干燥纤维布，保证每层之间无气泡；
步骤六：重复步骤五至一定厚度，等胶泥凝固前加压至4Mpa，凉置24小时，得到所述耐高温高强度隔热垫块；根据需要切割成相应的尺寸。
实施例中，基体可设置为多层，且多层基体的选材包括但不限于玻璃纤维毡、玻璃纤维布、玄武岩纤维毡、玄武岩纤维布、氧化铝纤维毡、氧化铝纤维布、硅酸铝纤维毡、硅酸铝纤维布、莫来石纤维毡、莫来石纤维布中的一种或多种。
最终得到的垫块本体具有耐温300℃等级以及优异的阻燃特性，使用2cm厚度以上的该垫块本体就可以将垫块冷侧温度下降至60℃以下。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
以上对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，这种描述没有限制性，实施例中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。总而言之如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，其特征在于：包括垫块本体，所述垫块本体包括若干层基体与胶泥构成，相邻所述基体之间通过胶泥粘连后加压制成垫块本体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，其特征在于：所述基体包括但不限于玻璃纤维毡、玻璃纤维布、玄武岩纤维毡、玄武岩纤维布、氧化铝纤维毡、氧化铝纤维布、硅酸铝纤维毡、硅酸铝纤维布、莫来石纤维毡、莫来石纤维布中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，其特征在于：所述胶泥由磷酸二氢铝溶液、酚醛树脂、加固剂均匀混合制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块，其特征在于：单层所述基体的厚度为3mm-10mm，所述基体均为无碱无蜡材质。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、配置胶粘剂：准备磷酸二氢铝溶液，向磷酸二氢铝溶液内加入质量比不超过5％的固化剂，充分搅拌得到胶粘剂；
步骤二、制备酚醛树脂胶：准备酚醛树脂，向酚醛树脂内加入质量比为10％的固化剂，充分搅拌得到酚醛树脂胶；
步骤三：取一定尺寸的基体使用酚醛树脂进行浸渍，然后对浸渍后的基体晾置1h后进行干燥，得到干燥纤维布；
步骤四：将质量分数为2％的偶联剂KH550加入到酚醛树脂胶中，充分混合后再与胶粘剂均匀混合，搅拌10min以上得到胶泥；
步骤五：将干燥纤维布铺一层后，倒上适量的胶泥，将胶泥涂抹均匀，再铺第二层干燥纤维布，保证每层之间无气泡；
步骤六：重复步骤五至一定厚度，等胶泥凝固前加压至4Mpa，凉置24小时，得到所述耐高温高强度隔热垫块，根据需要切割成相应的尺寸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，其特征在于：所述胶泥中胶粘剂与酚醛树脂胶的重量比为(5-7)：(3-5)。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，其特征在于：所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.47-1.55g/mL。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中磷酸二氢铝溶液与固化剂的重量比为100：(1-5)。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中干燥的温度保持在35-50℃，干燥的时间为20min。
10.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐高温高强度隔热垫块的制备方法，其特征在于：所述固化剂选用氧化锌或氧化镁。
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