CN115414697B - Extraction equipment and extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of active dendrobium polysaccharide extraction, and particularly discloses extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, which comprises a support component, wherein one side of the support component is provided with a controller, the left side of the upper end of the support component is provided with a cleaning mechanism, the right end of the cleaning mechanism is provided with a cutting mechanism, the right end of the cutting mechanism is provided with a pretreatment mechanism, the lower end of the pretreatment mechanism is provided with a centrifugal mechanism, and the right end of the centrifugal mechanism is provided with a terminal extraction mechanism; the dissolving enzyme is enabled to quickly permeate into the cell structure of the dendrobium by means of high pressure in the pretreatment mechanism, so that the dissolving speed of the cell wall of the dendrobium can be improved, dendrobium polysaccharide in dendrobium cells is more easily separated from the cell wall of the dendrobium, and the separating efficiency of the dendrobium polysaccharide is improved; by carrying out rapid centrifugal purification on the pretreated dendrobium, the dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly stripped from the dendrobium tissues, and the dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly purified by a heating mode, so that the extraction efficiency of the dendrobium polysaccharide is improved.

Description

Extraction equipment and extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of active dendrobium polysaccharide extraction, in particular to extraction equipment and an extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium.

Background

The dendrobium polysaccharide contained in the dendrobium is used as a medicinal plant, and has the functions of resisting oxidation, resisting tumors, regulating immunity, reducing blood sugar and the like, so that the dendrobium polysaccharide has higher medicinal value, the dendrobium polysaccharide is generally extracted from stem leaves of the dendrobium, the existing dendrobium polysaccharide extraction equipment generally pulverizes the dendrobium and then carries out pulping, then adopts high-concentration alcohol ratio and carries out multiple purification, and the dendrobium polysaccharide is separated out, so that the dendrobium polysaccharide with higher purity is obtained.

1. In the dendrobium extraction device in the prior art, dendrobium is crushed, pulpified and purified, and various substances in mixed liquid generated in the whole process are mixed to form a relatively overruling structure, so that the difficulty in separating and extracting dendrobium polysaccharide is improved, the extracting time is prolonged, and the dendrobium extraction efficiency is reduced;

2. the dendrobium extraction device in the prior art needs to add alcohol for many times to separate out the dendrobium extract, the used alcohol amount is more, the complexity of dendrobium extraction is increased, and the dendrobium extraction efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides an extract equipment of active dendrobe polysaccharide in follow dendrobe, includes supporting component, one side of supporting component is equipped with the controller, the left side of supporting component upper end is equipped with wiper mechanism, and is equipped with cutting mechanism at the right-hand member of wiper mechanism, cutting mechanism's right-hand member is equipped with pretreatment mechanism, pretreatment mechanism's lower extreme is equipped with centrifugal mechanism, centrifugal mechanism's right-hand member is equipped with terminal extraction mechanism, wiper mechanism includes the cleaning component, the bearing component that cleaning component upper end was established, cleaning component and the upset actuating unit that bears component right-hand member one side established, cutting mechanism include the pressure of cleaning component right-hand member send the subassembly with the cutting component that the pressure of sending the subassembly right-hand member was established, pretreatment component upper end is equipped with pretreatment liquid input subassembly, pretreatment liquid input subassembly lower extreme is equipped with the delivery subassembly, the centrifugal mechanism with the terminal extraction subassembly that sets up between the pretreatment subassembly, centrifugal mechanism includes the centrifugal box lower extreme and sets up the terminal extraction actuating unit, the terminal assembly that the terminal is equipped with the terminal assembly is handled to the terminal, the terminal assembly is set up to the terminal assembly is handled to the centrifugal box.

Preferably, the support assembly comprises a support frame and a support platen arranged at the upper end of the support frame, the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning tank with a tank structure, support legs arranged at four corners of the lower end of the cleaning tank are fixedly connected with the upper end faces of the support platen, a plurality of groups of ultrasonic vibrators are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cleaning tank, a first hinging seat with a U-shaped tank structure is arranged at the right end of the ultrasonic vibrators, and the right end of the bearing assembly is hinged with the first hinging seat.

Preferably, the bearing assembly comprises a cleaning disc with a groove body structure, leak holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the cleaning disc, a lap joint table lap joint with the left end of the upper end face of the cleaning groove is arranged at the left end of the cleaning disc, a turnover seat with a T-shaped structure is arranged at the right end of the cleaning disc, the lower end of the turnover seat and the first hinge seat are inserted and matched, a first turnover shaft penetrating and matched with two side faces of the groove body of the first hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the turnover seat, the turnover driving assembly comprises a first motor mounting seat fixedly mounted on the outer side face of the first hinge seat, a first driving motor is arranged on the side face of the first motor mounting seat, and a main shaft of the first driving motor and the shaft end of the first turnover shaft are fixedly connected through a coupler.

Preferably, the pressure feed assembly comprises a first conveying frame, a conveying groove of a groove body structure is formed in the middle of the first conveying frame, a lower conveying belt assembly is arranged at the lower end of the conveying groove, an upper conveying belt assembly is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove, a baffle is vertically arranged at the left end of the upper conveying belt assembly and above the conveying groove, a discharge hole is formed in the right end of the conveying groove in a downward communicating mode, a cutting supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and above the right end of the upper conveying belt assembly, and a first bearing cylinder mounting seat is arranged on the side face of the discharge hole and at the right end of the first conveying frame.

Preferably, the cutting assembly comprises a cutting cylinder mounting seat fixedly mounted on the first bearing cylinder mounting seat, a cutting cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the cutting cylinder mounting seat, a vertical plate is arranged at the lower end of a piston rod of the cutting cylinder, a pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate, a cutter is vertically arranged at the lower end of the pressing plate, and the cutter is inserted and matched with the left end of the discharge hole at the right port of the conveying groove.

Preferably, the pretreatment component comprises a pretreatment tank, the left side of the upper end of the pretreatment tank is fixedly connected with a feed port with a conical surface structure, the right side of the upper end of the pretreatment tank is fixedly connected with a first liquid inlet, the right lower end of the pretreatment tank is fixedly connected with a first liquid outlet with a conical surface structure, the right end of the pretreatment tank is fixedly connected with a high-pressure air inlet, the right end of the high-pressure air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the bearing component comprises a bearing cylinder fixedly mounted on the front side and the rear side of a first bearing cylinder mounting seat, the right end of a piston rod of the bearing cylinder is provided with a bearing plate between the lower end of the discharge port and the upper end of the feed port, the right end of the bearing plate is provided with a bearing groove with a groove body structure, the pretreatment liquid input component comprises a pretreatment liquid storage barrel with a barrel-shaped structure, one side treatment of the upper end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel is hinged with a sealing cover, the lower end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel is fixedly connected with a conveying port, the lower end of the conveying port is provided with an air inlet valve, the lower end of the first liquid storage barrel is fixedly mounted with a bearing cylinder, the lower end of the bearing cylinder is fixedly mounted on the piston rod of the bearing cylinder, the lower end of the bearing cylinder is provided with a bearing groove is connected with a bearing groove of the upper end of the feed port, the bearing groove is provided with a bearing groove of the feed port, and the bearing groove is fixedly connected with the bearing groove of the bearing groove.

Preferably, the centrifugal box assembly comprises a centrifugal supporting frame, the upper end of the centrifugal supporting frame is provided with a centrifugal supporting plate, a rotary supporting seat is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the centrifugal supporting plate, a rotary groove is formed in the middle of the rotary supporting seat, a second rotary shaft is sleeved in the middle of the rotary groove through a bearing, a middle centrifugal barrel is arranged at the upper end of the second rotary shaft, a pressure sensor is arranged at the inner bottom of the middle centrifugal barrel, an upper port of the middle centrifugal barrel corresponds to the position of a lower port of a material guide pipe, uniformly distributed filtering holes are formed in the wall body of the middle centrifugal barrel from top to bottom in a circumferential direction, a second liquid outlet is fixedly communicated between the outer side of the middle centrifugal barrel and the inner side of an outer protection barrel, the lower end of the centrifugal supporting plate is provided with a third one-way valve, the centrifugal driving assembly comprises a second motor mounting seat fixedly mounted at the lower port of the rotary groove, a second driving motor is arranged at the lower end of the second motor mounting seat, and a main shaft of the second driving motor is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the second rotary shaft through a shaft coupler.

Preferably, the terminal treatment box assembly comprises a terminal treatment box, a filtering chamber, a precipitation chamber and a discharge heating chamber with a cavity structure are arranged in the middle of the terminal treatment box from top to bottom, a second liquid inlet is fixedly communicated with the upper end of the filtering chamber, a filter plate pushing opening is formed in the right end of the filtering chamber, a filter plate supporting block is arranged on the side face of the filter plate pushing opening and on the left side face and the right side face of the inner wall of the filtering chamber, a third liquid outlet is fixedly communicated with the middle of the bottom of the filtering chamber to the precipitation chamber, a fourth one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the third liquid outlet, uniformly distributed liquid passing holes are formed in the bottom of the precipitation chamber to the discharge heating chamber, a material collecting opening is formed in the right end face of the precipitation chamber, a material collecting door plate is buckled in the material collecting opening, one side of the material collecting door plate is hinged with one side of an outer port of the material collecting opening, a third liquid inlet and a fifth one-way valve is fixedly communicated with the outer side of the material collecting door plate, and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the right end face of the third liquid inlet and the air outlet respectively.

Preferably, the middle conveying component comprises a conveying pipe fixedly communicated with the upper end of a second liquid inlet, the other end of the conveying pipe is fixedly communicated with the lower end of a third one-way valve, the filtering component comprises a filtering groove plate arranged in the middle of a filtering chamber, the left end and the right end of the filtering groove plate are respectively overlapped with the upper end face of a filtering plate supporting block, filtering holes which are uniformly distributed and arranged are formed in the middle of the filtering groove plate, a sealing plate is arranged at the right end of the filtering groove plate, the heating drainage component comprises a drainage sealing plate which is arranged at the lower end of a precipitation chamber and is of a C-shaped plate structure and is fixedly embedded with a heating plate in the middle of the drainage sealing plate, the right end of the drainage sealing plate is fixedly communicated with a drainage pipe on the right end face of the drainage heating chamber, an expansion air bag is arranged at the lower end of the drainage heating chamber, a connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the filtering groove plate, the upper end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drainage sealing plate, and the bottom of the guide post is fixedly connected with the bottom of the guide post.

An extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, which utilizes the extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium to extract active dendrobium polysaccharide, comprises the following steps:

firstly, cleaning, namely injecting clean water into the cleaning tank, then placing the prepared fresh dendrobe into the cleaning tray, and starting an ultrasonic vibrator by the controller to clean the fresh dendrobe in the cleaning tray;

step two, feeding and cutting off, wherein the controller starts an upper conveying belt assembly and a lower conveying belt assembly, fresh dendrobe in the cleaning disc is turned over to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly and the lower conveying belt assembly, and the controller starts a cutting cylinder to drive a cutter to cut fresh dendrobe;

step three, preprocessing, wherein after the dendrobium raw materials completely fall into the preprocessing box, the controller starts a first one-way valve to enable the preprocessing liquid in the preprocessing liquid storage barrel to downwards enter the preprocessing box from a conveying port, and the controller starts an air inlet valve to input high-pressure gas into the preprocessing box;

step four, centrifugal separation, namely opening a second one-way valve at the lower end of the first liquid outlet to enable all materials in the pretreatment tank to downwards enter the middle centrifugal barrel through the material guide pipe, starting a second driving motor by the controller to enable a rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive the rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel to rotate at a high speed, and enabling a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor to be larger than a preset pressure value;

Step five, filtering, namely opening the third one-way valve after centrifugation is finished, controlling the heating plate to start by the controller so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a first temperature preset value, increasing the volume of the expansion air bag, driving the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate to move downwards through the guide post, reducing the pressure in the terminal treatment box, and conveying the slurry in the middle centrifugal barrel to a filtering groove plate in the filtering chamber through the second liquid inlet;

step six, crystallizing, namely injecting high-concentration alcohol into the precipitation chamber through the third liquid inlet, vacuumizing the precipitation chamber, and precipitating dendrobium polysaccharide at the bottom of the precipitation chamber to form crystals;

step seven, discharging liquid, wherein when the dendrobium polysaccharide is crystallized, the controller controls the heating plate to start so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag is continuously increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate are driven to move downwards through the guide post, and when the side surface height of the drainage sealing plate is lower than the height of the drainage opening, the liquid discharging action is completed through the drainage opening flowing into the recovery container at the lower end of the drainage pipe from the drainage pipe;

Step eight, heating and forming, wherein after liquid discharging is completed, the controller controls the heating plate to start so that the temperature value of the discharging heating chamber is reduced to a first temperature preset value, and the volume of the expansion air bag is reduced so that the drainage sealing plate is pushed up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber;

and step nine, scraping finished products, opening the material collecting door plate, and scraping the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate out of the bottom of the precipitation chamber into a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by using a scraper.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the pretreatment mechanism is used for mixing the segmented dendrobium and the lytic enzyme, and the lytic enzyme is enabled to quickly permeate into the cell structure of the dendrobium in a high-pressure mode, so that the dissolution speed of the cell wall of the dendrobium can be improved, and the dendrobium polysaccharide in the dendrobium cells is more easily separated from the cell wall of the dendrobium, so that the extraction difficulty of the dendrobium polysaccharide is reduced, and the separation efficiency of the dendrobium polysaccharide is improved.

2. According to the invention, the pretreatment dendrobium is subjected to rapid centrifugal purification, so that dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly stripped from dendrobium tissues, large impurities in dendrobium polysaccharide mixed solution are rapidly removed in a filtering mode, and then dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly separated out in a low-pressure high-purity alcohol adding mode, and the dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly purified in a heating mode, so that the extraction efficiency of the dendrobium polysaccharide is improved.

3. According to the invention, through the cooperation of the expansion air bag and the heating plate, not only can the slurry in the intermediate centrifugal barrel be extracted, but also the slurry can be heated and crystallized and discharged, so that the multipurpose is strong, the operation is simple, the cooperation effect of each part is good, and the processing precision is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2 at A-A;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2 at B-B;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure at C in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2 taken at D-D;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure at E in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 8 at F-F;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the structure at G in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure at H in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure at I in FIG. 9;

fig. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure at J in fig. 9.

In the figure: 1. a support assembly; 2. cleaning the assembly; 3. a carrier assembly; 4. a flip drive assembly; 5. a pinch assembly; 6. a cutting assembly; 7. a pre-processing assembly; 8. a receiving assembly; 9. a pretreatment liquid input assembly; 10. a delivery assembly; 11. a centrifuge box assembly; 12. a centrifugal drive assembly; 13. a terminal processing box assembly; 14. a filter assembly; 15. heating the bleeder assembly; 16. an intermediate transport assembly; 201. a cleaning tank; 203. an ultrasonic vibrator; 301. cleaning a tray; 304. turning over the seat; 503. a lower conveyor belt assembly; 504. an upper conveyor belt assembly; 605. a cutter; 701. a pretreatment box; 703. a first liquid inlet; 704. a first liquid discharge port; 901. a pretreatment liquid storage barrel; 1002. a material guiding pipe; 1103. a middle centrifugal barrel; 1108. a second liquid outlet; 1302. a filtering chamber; 1303. a precipitation chamber; 1304. a discharging heating chamber; 1305. a second liquid inlet; 1308. a third liquid outlet; 1312. a material collecting door plate; 1313. a third liquid inlet; 1315. an extraction opening; 1401. a filter tank plate; 1403. a sealing plate; 1501. a drainage sealing plate; 1502. a heating plate; 1503. inflating the balloon; 1506. a drainage port; 1507. a bleeder tube; 1602. a conveying pipe.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides an extract equipment of active dendrobe polysaccharide is extracted from dendrobe, including supporting component 1, one side of supporting component 1 is equipped with the controller, each electrical component of controller electrical control, the left side of supporting component 1 upper end is equipped with wiper mechanism, and be equipped with cutting mechanism at wiper mechanism's right-hand member, cutting mechanism's right-hand member is equipped with pretreatment mechanism, pretreatment mechanism's lower extreme is equipped with centrifugal mechanism, centrifugal mechanism's right-hand member is equipped with terminal extraction mechanism, wiper mechanism includes cleaning component 2, the bearing component 3 that cleaning component 2 upper end was established and cleaning component 2 and the upset actuating unit 4 that bearing component 3 right-hand member one side was established, cutting mechanism includes the cutting component 6 that cleaning component 2 right-hand member was established and the cutting component 5 right-hand member was established, pretreatment mechanism includes the pretreatment component 7 that the pressure delivery component 5 right-hand member was established, pretreatment component 7 upper end is established pretreatment fluid input component 9, the delivery component 10 that pretreatment fluid input component 9 lower extreme was established and the centrifugation component 8 that is established between delivery component 5 and the pretreatment component 7, centrifugal mechanism includes the centrifugal mechanism that delivery component 10 lower extreme is established, centrifugal mechanism includes delivery component 11 and the terminal extraction terminal 13 and the terminal 13 that the terminal 13 is established between the centrifugal mechanism and the terminal 13 terminal of the terminal of carrying component that the terminal 13 is established to the centrifugal mechanism is equipped with the terminal of the terminal box assembly that the terminal 13.

The support assembly 1 comprises a support frame and a support platen arranged at the upper end of the support frame, the cleaning assembly 2 comprises a cleaning tank 201 with a tank body structure and support legs arranged at four corners of the lower end of the cleaning tank 201, the lower ends of the support legs are fixedly connected with the upper end face of the support platen, a plurality of groups of ultrasonic vibrators 203 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cleaning tank 201, the right end of each ultrasonic vibrator 203 is provided with a first hinging seat with a U-shaped tank body structure, the right end of each bearing assembly 3 is hinged with the corresponding first hinging seat, and fresh dendrobium nobile in the cleaning tank 201 is cleaned by the aid of the ultrasonic vibrators 203.

The bearing assembly 3 comprises a cleaning disc 301 with a groove body structure, leak holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the cleaning disc 301, a lap joint table lap joint with the left end of the upper end face of the cleaning groove 201 is arranged at the left end of the cleaning disc 301, a turnover seat 304 with a T-shaped structure is arranged at the right end of the cleaning disc 301, the lower end of the turnover seat 304 is inserted and matched with the first hinging seat, a first turnover shaft penetrating and matched with two side faces of the groove body of the first hinging seat is arranged in the middle of the turnover seat 304, the turnover seat 304 rotates to drive the cleaning disc 301 to turn over, and then fresh dendrobium nobile is conveyed to the follow-up.

The turnover driving assembly 4 comprises a first motor mounting seat fixedly mounted on the outer side face of the first hinging seat, a first driving motor is arranged on the side face of the first motor mounting seat, a main shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the first turnover shaft through a coupler, and when the turnover driving assembly is in operation, the main shaft of the first driving motor drives the first turnover shaft to turn over towards the middle of the follow-up lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the follow-up upper conveying belt assembly 504 together with the cleaning disc 301, so that fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc 301 falls into the middle of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the upper conveying belt assembly 504.

The pressure conveying assembly 5 comprises a first conveying frame, a conveying groove of a groove body structure is formed in the middle of the first conveying frame, a lower conveying belt assembly 503 is arranged at the lower end of the conveying groove, an upper conveying belt assembly 504 is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove, a baffle is vertically arranged above the conveying groove, the right end of the conveying groove is downwards communicated with a discharge hole, a cutting support plate is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and above the right end of the upper conveying belt assembly 504, a first receiving cylinder mounting seat is arranged on the side face of the discharge hole and at the right end of the first conveying frame, during operation, a belt group of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the upper conveying belt assembly 504 is conveyed downwards, when fresh dendrobium nobile falls into the middle of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the upper conveying belt assembly 504, the fresh dendrobium nobile is pressed by the belt of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the belt assembly 504 to move towards the lower port of the conveying groove, and the main effect of the baffle is to ensure that dendrobium nobile raw materials in the dendrobium nobile are blocked at the baffle to avoid splashing raw materials to the outside when the dendrobium nobile 301 is overturned.

The cutting assembly 6 comprises a cutting cylinder mounting seat fixedly mounted on the first bearing cylinder mounting seat, a cutting cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the cutting cylinder mounting seat, a vertical plate is arranged at the lower end of a piston rod of the cutting cylinder, a pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate, a cutter 605 is vertically arranged at the lower end of the pressing plate, the cutter 605 is inserted and matched with the left end of the discharge port at the right port of the conveying groove, and fresh dendrobium is cut by means of the cutter 605, so that the effect of subsequent processing is improved.

The pretreatment component 7 comprises a pretreatment tank 701, a feed inlet of a conical surface structure is fixedly communicated with the left side of the upper end of the pretreatment tank 701, a first liquid inlet 703 is fixedly communicated with the right side of the upper end of the pretreatment tank 701, a first liquid outlet 704 of the conical surface structure is fixedly communicated with the right lower end of the pretreatment tank 701, a high-pressure air inlet is fixedly communicated with the right end of the pretreatment tank 701, an air inlet valve is arranged at the right end of the high-pressure air inlet, and the pretreatment is performed on the cut fresh dendrobium nobile by means of the pretreatment tank 701, so that the stability of subsequent processing is improved.

The receiving assembly 8 comprises receiving cylinders fixedly mounted on the front side and the rear side of the first receiving cylinder mounting seat, a receiving plate is arranged between the lower port of the discharge port and the upper port of the feed port at the right end of a piston rod of each receiving cylinder, and a receiving groove of a groove body structure is formed in the right end of each receiving plate.

The pretreatment liquid input assembly 9 comprises a pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901 of a barrel-shaped structure, a sealing cover is hinged to one side of an upper port of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, a conveying port is fixedly communicated with the lower end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, a first one-way valve is installed at the valley bottom of the lower end of the conveying port, the lower end of the first one-way valve is fixedly communicated with the upper end of the first liquid inlet 703, a second supporting leg is annularly arranged at the outer side of the conveying port at the lower end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, the lower end of the second supporting leg is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the pretreatment box 701, treatment liquid is stored in the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, and decomposition of fresh dendrobium nobile is improved by means of the treatment liquid.

The discharging assembly 10 comprises a material guiding pipe 1002 with a tubular structure, wherein the material guiding pipe 1002 is fixedly connected with a second one-way valve fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first liquid outlet 704, and the material guiding pipe 1002 conducts materials.

The centrifugal box assembly 11 comprises a centrifugal supporting frame, a centrifugal supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the centrifugal supporting frame, a rotary supporting seat is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the centrifugal supporting plate, a rotary groove is formed in the middle of the rotary supporting seat, a second rotary shaft is sleeved in the middle of the rotary groove through a bearing, a middle centrifugal barrel 1103 is arranged at the upper end of the second rotary shaft, an upper port of the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 corresponds to the lower port of the material guiding pipe 1002, uniformly distributed filtering holes are formed in the wall body of the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 from top to bottom in a circumferential direction, a second liquid outlet 1108 is fixedly communicated between the outer side of the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 and the inner side of the outer protective barrel downwards at the lower end of the centrifugal supporting plate, a third one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the second liquid outlet 1108, the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 rotates to centrifugally throw fresh dendrobium, and particularly, a pressure sensor is arranged at the inner bottom of the middle centrifugal barrel 1103, and the content of internal slurry is detected through the pressure sensor.

The centrifugal driving assembly 12 comprises a second motor installation seat fixedly installed at the lower port of the rotary groove, a second driving motor is arranged at the lower end of the second motor installation seat, a main shaft of the second driving motor is fixedly connected with the shaft end of a second rotary shaft through a coupler, and the second driving motor drives the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 to rotate to centrifugally produce slurry for fresh dendrobium.

The terminal treatment tank assembly 13 comprises a terminal treatment tank, wherein a filtering chamber 1302, a separating chamber 1303 and a discharge heating chamber 1304 with cavity structures are arranged in the middle of the terminal treatment tank from top to bottom.

The upper end of the filter chamber 1302 is fixedly connected with a second liquid inlet 1305, the right end of the filter chamber 1302 is provided with a filter plate pushing port, the side surfaces of the filter plate pushing port are provided with filter plate supporting blocks on the left side surface and the right side surface of the inner wall of the filter chamber 1302, the middle of the bottom of the filter chamber 1302 is fixedly connected with a third liquid outlet 1308 in the separating chamber 1303, the lower end of the third liquid outlet 1308 is provided with a fourth one-way valve, the bottom of the separating chamber 1303 is provided with uniformly distributed liquid passing holes in the discharging heating chamber 1304, the right end surface of the separating chamber 1303 is provided with a receiving port, a receiving door plate 1312 is buckled in the receiving port, one side of the receiving door plate 1312 is hinged with one side of the outer port of the receiving port, the outer side of the receiving door plate 1312 is fixedly connected with a third liquid inlet 1313 and a pumping port 1315, and the right end surfaces of the third liquid inlet 1313 and the pumping port 1315 are respectively provided with a fifth one-way valve and a vent valve.

The intermediate transfer assembly 16 includes a transfer tube 1602 fixedly connected to the upper port of the second fluid inlet 1305, and the other end of the transfer tube 1602 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third check valve 1109.

The filter assembly 14 comprises a filter tank plate 1401 arranged in the middle of the filter chamber 1302, the left end and the right end of the filter tank plate 1401 are respectively overlapped with the upper end face of a filter plate supporting block 1307, filter holes which are uniformly distributed and arranged are formed in the middle of the filter tank plate 1401, and a sealing plate 1403 is arranged at the right end of the filter tank plate 1401.

The heating drainage assembly 15 comprises a drainage sealing plate 1501 with a C-shaped plate structure, which is arranged at the lower end of a precipitation chamber 1303 and is matched with the left end face and the right end face of a drainage heating chamber 1304 in a sliding manner, a heating plate 1502 is fixedly embedded in the middle of the drainage sealing plate 1501, a drainage opening 1506 is fixedly communicated with the right end face of the drainage heating chamber 1304, a drainage pipe 1507 is fixedly communicated with the right end of the drainage opening 1506, an expansion air bag 1503 is arranged at the lower end of the drainage heating chamber 1304, a connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the heating plate 1502, the upper end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drainage sealing plate 1501, guide posts 1505 are arranged at the two sides of the connecting plate and on the lower end face of the drainage sealing plate 1501, and the bottom of the expansion air bag 1503 is fixedly connected with the bottoms of the guide posts 1505.

When the cleaning tank 201 is used, clean water is injected into the cleaning tank 201, then the prepared fresh dendrobium is put into the cleaning tray 301, the controller starts the ultrasonic vibrator 203 to clean the fresh dendrobium in the cleaning tray 301, and after 1.5-2 minutes of cleaning, the controller stops the ultrasonic vibrator 203.

The controller starts the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, the conveying direction of the conveying belts is downward conveying, then the controller starts the first driving motor to drive the first turning shaft to rotate, the turning seat 304 drives the cleaning disc 301 to turn over the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, in the process, fresh dendrobe in the cleaning disc 301 is turned over to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, the fresh dendrobe is extruded to the lower port of the discharge hole to be conveyed, when the fresh dendrobe is conveyed to the lower port of the conveying groove, the controller starts the cutting cylinder to drive the cutter 605 to cut the fresh dendrobe into sections, the fresh dendrobe is cut into lengths of 0.3 cm-0.5 cm, and the cut fresh dendrobe dropped into the lower end of the discharge hole

The controller starts to stretch the receiving cylinder so as to drive the receiving groove to move towards the middle of the discharge port and the feeding port, the dendrobium raw material at the lower end of the discharge port passes through the receiving groove and falls into the pretreatment tank 701, after the dendrobium raw material completely falls into the pretreatment tank 701, the controller starts to retract the receiving cylinder so that the receiving plate seals the lower end of the discharge port and the upper end of the feeding port, at the moment, the controller starts the first one-way valve to enable pretreatment liquid in the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901 to enter the pretreatment tank 701 downwards from the conveying port through the first one-way valve, when the pretreatment liquid is 1 cm-2 cm high above the dendrobium raw material, the controller closes the first one-way valve, the controller starts the air inlet valve, high-pressure air is input into the pretreatment tank 701 through the high-pressure air inlet, so that the pretreatment tank 701 is in a high-pressure state, when the internal pressure of the pretreatment tank 701 reaches 3Mpa-5Mpa, the controller stops the air inlet valve 706, and stands for 20 minutes-30 minutes, so that the dissolving enzyme in the pretreatment liquid fully enters the fresh dendrobium, and the cell wall part in the dendrobium tissue is dissolved, and dendrobium polysaccharide is separated and extracted more easily.

After pretreatment is finished, the controller opens a second one-way valve at the lower end of the first liquid outlet 704, so that all materials in the pretreatment tank 701 enter the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 downwards through the material guide pipe 1002, then the controller starts a second driving motor to drive a rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 to rotate at a high speed, the rotating speed is controlled to be 3200-4000 rpm, the centrifugation time is controlled to be 5-8 minutes, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value, the condition that the slurry quantity generated by centrifugal throwing of fresh dendrobium by the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 is met, and the controller stops the second driving motor 1202.

After centrifugation is completed, the third one-way valve 1109 is opened, the heating plate 1502 is started by the controller, the temperature in the discharge heating chamber 1304 is continuously increased and reaches a first temperature preset value when the heating plate 1502 is started, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is increased, the bottoms of the expansion air bag 1503 move downwards and drive guide posts on two sides to move downwards when the volume of the expansion air bag is increased, the connecting rod and the drainage sealing plate 1501 move downwards when the guide posts move downwards, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate 1501 move downwards, the whole terminal treatment box is in a sealed state, the terminal treatment box is pumped to the actual suction force, so that the pressure in the terminal treatment box is reduced, the slurry generated by centrifugation in the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 is conveyed into the conveying pipe 1602 from the second liquid outlet 1108 by the negative pressure, then the slurry is conveyed to the filter tank 1401 in the filter chamber 1302 through the second liquid inlet 1305, the turbid slurry is filtered on the bottom of the filter tank 1401 to obtain clear filtrate at the bottom of the filter tank 1304, the heating plate 1304 is preheated by the heating plate 1502, the slurry is further ensured to reach the discharge heating chamber 1304, the processing efficiency is improved, the processing effect is ensured, the slurry is effectively prevented from being heated, and other byproducts are prevented from being generated in the high temperature and the process of increasing purity.

The controller starts the fourth one-way valve, filtrate at the bottom of the filtering chamber 1302 enters the precipitation chamber 1303 through the third liquid outlet 1308, then the controller closes the fourth one-way valve, the controller starts the fifth one-way valve, high-concentration alcohol is injected into the precipitation chamber 1303 through the third liquid inlet 1313, the alcohol concentration is controlled to be 95%, after the alcohol concentration in the mixed liquid of the alcohol and the filtrate reaches 85%, the injection of the alcohol is stopped, then the controller closes the fifth one-way valve, the exhaust valve is opened, the vacuum pumping treatment is carried out in the precipitation chamber 1303, when the vacuum degree in the precipitation chamber 1303 reaches-0.15 mpa, the controller closes the exhaust valve, the heating plate 1502 continuously works and heats at room temperature, the temperature is controlled to be at room temperature, dendrobium polysaccharide is precipitated at the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 and the dendrobium polysaccharide is crystallized to form crystals.

When the dendrobium polysaccharide is crystallized, the controller starts the heating plate 1502 to heat further, the temperature in the discharge heating chamber 1304 reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, at this time, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is further increased, the bottom drives the guide posts on two sides to move downwards when the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is increased, the guide posts drive the connecting plate and the drain sealing plate 1501 to move downwards when the side surface of the drain sealing plate 1501 is lower than the height of the drain opening 1506, the controller controls the heating plate 1502 to heat stably, a recovery container is placed at the lower port of the drain pipe 1507, and the residual mixed solution after precipitation enters the upper end of the drain sealing plate 1501 through a liquid through hole at the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303, and then flows into the recovery container at the lower end of the drain pipe 1507 from the inside of the drain pipe 1507 through the drain opening 1506 to complete the liquid discharging action.

After the liquid discharging is completed, the controller starts the heating plate 1502 to reduce the temperature of the heating plate, so that the temperature in the discharging heating chamber 1304 is reduced and reaches a first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is reduced, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate 1501 are driven by the guide posts on two sides to push up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303, and the heating plate 1502 continuously heats to enable the redundant water and alcohol in the dendrobium polysaccharide crystals remained at the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 to be rapidly evaporated, so that a purer dendrobium polysaccharide crystallization plate is obtained.

The collecting door plate 1312 is opened, the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate is scraped out of the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 into the dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by a scraper, the collecting action of the dendrobe polysaccharide cost is completed, and the collecting door plate 1312 is closed into a collecting opening after the collecting is completed.

The device is efficient to extracting active dendrobe polysaccharide in the dendrobe raw materials, and is effectual, and the controllability is strong, and the operability is simple, and the precision is high, and the versatility is strong, cooperates between each part and the linkage is strong, and the active dendrobe polysaccharide of extracting is active high, and the energy loss rate is low, and accomplishes the preheating in the process, and the heating effect is stable and high-efficient.

Second embodiment

An extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, which utilizes an extraction device for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium to extract active dendrobium polysaccharide, specifically comprises the following steps:

Firstly, cleaning, namely firstly injecting clean water into a cleaning tank 201, then placing prepared fresh dendrobe into a cleaning disc 301, and starting an ultrasonic vibrator 203 by a controller to clean the fresh dendrobe in the cleaning disc 301;

step two, feeding is cut off, a controller starts an upper conveying belt assembly 504 and a lower conveying belt assembly 503, fresh dendrobe in a cleaning disc 301 is turned over to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, and a controller starts a cutting cylinder 602 to drive a cutter 605 to cut fresh dendrobe;

step three, preprocessing, wherein after the dendrobium raw materials completely fall into the preprocessing box 701, a controller starts a first one-way valve 904 to enable preprocessing liquid in a preprocessing liquid storage bucket 901 to enter the preprocessing box 701 downwards from a conveying port 903, and a controller starts an air inlet valve 706 to input high-pressure air into the preprocessing box 701;

step four, centrifugal separation, namely opening a second one-way valve 1001 at the lower end of a first liquid outlet 704 to enable all materials in the pretreatment tank 701 to enter the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 downwards through a material guide pipe 1002, and starting a second driving motor by a controller to enable a rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive a rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 to rotate at a high speed, wherein the pressure value detected by a pressure sensor is larger than a preset pressure value;

Step five, filtering, namely opening a third one-way valve 1109 after centrifugation is completed, controlling a heating plate 1502 to start so that the temperature of a discharge heating chamber 1304 reaches a first temperature preset value by a controller, increasing the volume of an expansion air bag 1503, driving a connecting plate and a drainage sealing plate 1501 to move downwards by a guide post 1505, reducing the pressure in a terminal processing box 1301, and conveying slurry in an intermediate centrifugal barrel 1103 to a filtering groove plate 1401 in a filtering chamber 1302 by a second liquid inlet 1305;

step six, crystallization, namely injecting high-concentration alcohol into the precipitation chamber 1303 through a third liquid inlet 1313, vacuumizing the precipitation chamber 1303, and precipitating dendrobium polysaccharide at the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 to form crystals;

step seven, discharging liquid, when the dendrobium polysaccharide is crystallized, the controller controls the heating plate 1502 to start so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber 1304 reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is continuously increased, the connecting plate and the discharging sealing plate 1501 are driven to move downwards through the guide pillar, and when the side surface height of the discharging sealing plate 1501 is lower than the height of the discharging opening 1506, the discharging liquid is completed in a recovery container flowing into the lower end of the discharging pipe 1507 from the inside of the discharging pipe 1507 through the discharging opening 1506;

Step eight, performing heating forming, after the liquid discharging is completed, controlling the heating plate 1502 to start so that the temperature value of the discharging heating chamber 1304 is reduced to a first temperature preset value by the controller, and pushing up the discharging sealing plate 1501 to the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 by the volume reduction of the expanding air bag 1503;

and step nine, scraping the finished product, opening a material receiving door plate 1312, and scraping the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate out of the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 into a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by using a scraper.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. An extraction device for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, which is characterized in that: comprises a supporting component, one side of the supporting component is provided with a controller, the left side of the upper end of the supporting component is provided with a cleaning mechanism, the right end of the cleaning mechanism is provided with a cutting mechanism, the right end of the cutting mechanism is provided with a pretreatment mechanism, the lower end of the pretreatment mechanism is provided with a centrifugal mechanism, the right end of the centrifugal mechanism is provided with a terminal extraction mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning component, a bearing component is arranged at the upper end of the cleaning component, the cleaning component and a turnover driving component are arranged at one side of the right end of the bearing component, the cutting mechanism comprises a pressing component arranged at the right end of the cleaning component and a cutting component arranged at the right end of the pressing component, the pretreatment mechanism comprises a pretreatment component arranged at the right lower end of the pressure delivery component, a pretreatment liquid input component arranged at the upper end of the pretreatment component, a delivery component arranged at the lower end of the pretreatment liquid input component, a bearing component arranged between the pressure delivery component and the pretreatment component, a centrifugal mechanism comprising a centrifugal box component arranged at the lower end of the delivery component and a centrifugal driving component arranged at the lower end of the centrifugal box component, and a terminal extraction mechanism comprising a terminal treatment box component, a filtering component arranged at the upper end of the terminal treatment box component and a heating drainage component arranged at the lower end of the terminal treatment box component, wherein an intermediate conveying component is arranged between the terminal treatment box component and the centrifugal driving component; the support assembly comprises a support frame and a support platen arranged at the upper end of the support frame, the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning tank with a tank body structure, support legs arranged at four corners of the lower end of the cleaning tank are fixedly connected with the upper end faces of the support platen, a plurality of groups of ultrasonic vibrators are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cleaning tank, a first hinging seat with a U-shaped tank body structure is arranged at the right end of the ultrasonic vibrators, and the right end of the bearing assembly is hinged with the first hinging seat; the bearing assembly comprises a cleaning disc with a groove body structure, leak holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cleaning disc, a lap joint table lap-jointed with the left end of the upper end face of the cleaning groove is arranged at the left end of the cleaning disc, a turnover seat with a T-shaped structure is arranged at the right end of the cleaning disc, the lower end of the turnover seat is inserted and matched with the first hinge seat, a first turnover shaft which is penetrated and matched with two side faces of the groove body of the first hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the turnover seat, the turnover driving assembly comprises a first motor mounting seat fixedly mounted on the outer side face of the first hinge seat, a first driving motor is arranged on the side face of the first motor mounting seat, and a main shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the first turnover shaft through a coupling; the pressure conveying assembly comprises a first conveying frame, a conveying groove of a groove body structure is formed in the middle of the first conveying frame, a lower conveying belt assembly is arranged at the lower end of the conveying groove, an upper conveying belt assembly is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove, a baffle is vertically arranged at the left end of the upper conveying belt assembly and above the conveying groove, a discharge hole is downwards communicated with the right end of the conveying groove, a cutting supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and above the right end of the upper conveying belt assembly, and a first receiving cylinder mounting seat is arranged at the side face of the discharge hole and at the right end of the first conveying frame; the cutting assembly comprises a cutting cylinder mounting seat fixedly mounted on a first bearing cylinder mounting seat, a cutting cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the cutting cylinder mounting seat, a vertical plate is arranged at the lower end of a piston rod of the cutting cylinder, a pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate, a cutter is vertically arranged at the lower end of the pressing plate, and the cutter is inserted and matched with the left end of the discharge hole at the right port of the conveying groove; the pretreatment assembly comprises a pretreatment box, a feed port with a conical surface structure is fixedly communicated to the left side of the upper end of the pretreatment box, a first liquid inlet is fixedly communicated to the right side of the upper end of the pretreatment box, a first liquid outlet with a conical surface structure is fixedly communicated to the right lower end of the pretreatment box, a high-pressure air inlet is fixedly communicated to the right end of the pretreatment box, an air inlet valve is arranged at the right end of the high-pressure air inlet, the bearing assembly comprises bearing cylinders fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of a first bearing cylinder mounting seat, a bearing plate is arranged between the right end of a piston rod of each bearing cylinder and the upper end of each feed port, a bearing groove with a groove body structure is formed in the right end of each bearing plate, the pretreatment liquid input assembly comprises a pretreatment liquid storage barrel with a barrel-shaped structure, a sealing cover is hinged to one side of the upper end of each pretreatment liquid storage barrel, a conveying port is fixedly communicated with the lower end of each conveying barrel, a first liquid guide valve is fixedly arranged at the bottom of each conveying port, a first liquid guide valve is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each conveying port, a one-way valve is fixedly connected to the upper end of each second guide pipe, and a one-way valve is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each bearing ring, and the lower end of each bearing valve is fixedly connected to the upper end of each bearing ring; the centrifugal box assembly comprises a centrifugal supporting frame, a centrifugal supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the centrifugal supporting frame, a rotary supporting seat is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the centrifugal supporting plate, a rotary groove is formed in the middle of the rotary supporting seat, a second rotary shaft is sleeved in the middle of the rotary groove through a bearing, a middle centrifugal barrel is arranged at the upper end of the second rotary shaft, a pressure sensor is arranged at the inner bottom of the middle centrifugal barrel, the upper port of the middle centrifugal barrel corresponds to the position of the lower port of the material guide pipe, uniformly distributed filtering holes are formed in the wall body of the middle centrifugal barrel from top to bottom in a circumferential direction, a second liquid outlet is fixedly communicated between the outer side of the middle centrifugal barrel and the inner side of the outer protective cylinder and at the lower end of the centrifugal supporting plate, a third one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the second liquid outlet, the centrifugal driving assembly comprises a second motor mounting seat fixedly mounted at the lower port of the rotary groove, a second driving motor is arranged at the lower end of the second motor mounting seat, and a main shaft of the second driving motor is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the second rotary shaft through a shaft coupler; the terminal treatment box assembly comprises a terminal treatment box, a filtering chamber, a precipitation chamber and a discharge heating chamber which are of cavity structures are arranged in the middle of the terminal treatment box from top to bottom, a second liquid inlet is fixedly communicated with the upper end of the filtering chamber, a filter plate pushing opening is formed in the right end of the filtering chamber, a filter plate supporting block is arranged on the side face of the filter plate pushing opening and on the left side face and the right side face of the inner wall of the filtering chamber, a third liquid outlet is fixedly communicated in the middle of the bottom of the filtering chamber to the precipitation chamber, a fourth one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the third liquid outlet, uniformly distributed liquid passing holes are formed in the bottom of the precipitation chamber to the discharge heating chamber, a receiving opening is formed in the right end face of the precipitation chamber, a receiving door plate is buckled in the receiving opening, one side of the receiving door plate is hinged with one side of the outer port of the receiving opening, a third liquid inlet and a vent valve are fixedly communicated with the outer side of the receiving door plate, and fifth one-way valves and a vent valve are respectively arranged on the right end faces of the third liquid inlet and the vent valve; the middle conveying component comprises a conveying pipe fixedly communicated with the upper end of a second liquid inlet, the other end of the conveying pipe is fixedly communicated with the lower end of a third one-way valve, the filtering component comprises a filtering groove plate arranged in the middle of the filtering chamber, the left end and the right end of the filtering groove plate are respectively overlapped with the upper end face of a filtering plate supporting block, filtering holes which are uniformly distributed and arranged are formed in the middle of the filtering groove plate, the right end of the filtering groove plate is provided with a sealing plate, the heating drainage component comprises a drainage sealing plate which is arranged at the lower end of a precipitation chamber and is in sliding fit with the left end face and the right end face of a drainage heating chamber, a heating plate is fixedly embedded in the middle of the drainage sealing plate, the right end of the drainage sealing plate is fixedly communicated with a drainage pipe, the lower end of the drainage heating chamber is provided with an expansion air bag, the bottom of the filtering groove plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drainage sealing plate, and the bottom of the guide post is fixedly connected with the bottom of the guide post; through the cooperation of inflation gasbag and hot plate, not only can realize the thick liquid extraction in the middle centrifuge barrel, can also heat the crystallization to the thick liquid simultaneously to discharge.

2. An extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, which is characterized in that the extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium is used for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide, and the extraction method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

firstly, cleaning, namely injecting clean water into the cleaning tank, then placing the prepared fresh dendrobe into the cleaning tray, and starting an ultrasonic vibrator by the controller to clean the fresh dendrobe in the cleaning tray;

step two, feeding and cutting off, wherein the controller starts an upper conveying belt assembly and a lower conveying belt assembly, fresh dendrobe in the cleaning disc is turned over to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly and the lower conveying belt assembly, and the controller starts a cutting cylinder to drive a cutter to cut fresh dendrobe;

step three, preprocessing, wherein after the dendrobium raw materials completely fall into the preprocessing box, the controller starts a first one-way valve to enable the preprocessing liquid in the preprocessing liquid storage barrel to downwards enter the preprocessing box from a conveying port, and the controller starts an air inlet valve to input high-pressure gas into the preprocessing box;

step four, centrifugal separation, namely opening a second one-way valve at the lower end of the first liquid outlet to enable all materials in the pretreatment tank to downwards enter the middle centrifugal barrel through the material guide pipe, starting a second driving motor by the controller to enable a rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive the rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel to rotate at a high speed, and enabling a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor to be larger than a preset pressure value;

Step five, filtering, namely opening the third one-way valve after centrifugation is finished, controlling the heating plate to start by the controller so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a first temperature preset value, increasing the volume of the expansion air bag, driving the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate to move downwards through the guide post, reducing the pressure in the terminal treatment box, and conveying the slurry in the middle centrifugal barrel to a filtering groove plate in the filtering chamber through the second liquid inlet;

step six, crystallizing, namely injecting high-concentration alcohol into the precipitation chamber through the third liquid inlet, vacuumizing the precipitation chamber, and precipitating dendrobium polysaccharide at the bottom of the precipitation chamber to form crystals;

step seven, discharging liquid, wherein when the dendrobium polysaccharide is crystallized, the controller controls the heating plate to start so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag is continuously increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate are driven to move downwards through the guide post, and when the side surface height of the drainage sealing plate is lower than the height of the drainage opening, the liquid discharging action is completed through the drainage opening flowing into the recovery container at the lower end of the drainage pipe from the drainage pipe;

Step eight, heating and forming, wherein after liquid discharging is completed, the controller controls the heating plate to start so that the temperature value of the discharging heating chamber is reduced to a first temperature preset value, and the volume of the expansion air bag is reduced so that the drainage sealing plate is pushed up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber;

and step nine, scraping finished products, opening the material collecting door plate, and scraping the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate out of the bottom of the precipitation chamber into a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by using a scraper.