CN115414697A - Extraction equipment and extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium - Google Patents
Extraction equipment and extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium Download PDFInfo
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- CN115414697A CN115414697A CN202211069671.4A CN202211069671A CN115414697A CN 115414697 A CN115414697 A CN 115414697A CN 202211069671 A CN202211069671 A CN 202211069671A CN 115414697 A CN115414697 A CN 115414697A
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- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0292—Treatment of the solvent
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
- B01D36/045—Combination of filters with centrifugal separation devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of active dendrobium polysaccharide extraction, and particularly discloses extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium, which comprises a support assembly, wherein a controller is arranged on one side of the support assembly, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the left side of the upper end of the support assembly, a cutting mechanism is arranged on the right end of the cleaning mechanism, a pretreatment mechanism is arranged on the right end of the cutting mechanism, a centrifugal mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the pretreatment mechanism, and a terminal extraction mechanism is arranged on the right end of the centrifugal mechanism; the lytic enzyme can rapidly permeate into the cell structure of the dendrobium by a high pressure mode in a pretreatment mechanism, so that the dissolving speed of the dendrobium cell wall can be improved, the dendrobium polysaccharide in the dendrobium cell can be separated from the dendrobium cell wall more easily, and the separation efficiency of the dendrobium polysaccharide is improved; through carrying out quick centrifugal purification to the preliminary treatment dendrobe, make the quick follow dendrobe tissue of dendrobe polysaccharide by high-speed peeling off, purify through the heating method is quick, improved dendrobe polysaccharide's extraction efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active dendrobium polysaccharide extraction, in particular to extraction equipment and an extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium.
Background
The dendrobium is used as a medicinal plant, dendrobium polysaccharide contained in the dendrobium is antioxidant, anti-tumor, immunity regulating, blood sugar reducing and the like, so that the dendrobium polysaccharide has higher medicinal value, the dendrobium polysaccharide is generally extracted from stems and leaves of dendrobium, the existing dendrobium polysaccharide extraction equipment generally pulverizes dendrobium and then pulp the dendrobium, then high-concentration alcohol is adopted for proportioning and purifying for many times, and then the dendrobium polysaccharide is separated out to obtain the dendrobium polysaccharide with higher purity, and the device and the extraction process can meet the general use requirements, but the dendrobium polysaccharide has the following defects in the actual use process:
1. the dendrobium extraction device in the prior art generally needs to crush dendrobium firstly, then pulp the dendrobium, purify the dendrobium after pulp, and mix various substances in the mixed liquid generated in the whole process to form a structure which is more refuted, so that the separation and extraction difficulty of dendrobium polysaccharide is improved, the extraction time is prolonged, and the extraction efficiency of dendrobium is reduced;
2. herba Dendrobii extraction element among the prior art needs to carry out the alcohol that adds of a lot of to the herba Dendrobii extract and separates out, and the alcohol content of using is more to increased the complexity that the herba Dendrobii drawed, reduced herba Dendrobii extraction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharides from dendrobium so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an extraction device for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharides from dendrobium comprises a supporting component, wherein a controller is arranged on one side of the supporting component, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the left side of the upper end of the supporting component, a cutting mechanism is arranged at the right end of the cleaning mechanism, a preprocessing mechanism is arranged at the right end of the cutting mechanism, a centrifugal mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the preprocessing mechanism, a terminal extraction mechanism is arranged at the right end of the centrifugal mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning component, a bearing component arranged at the upper end of the cleaning component, an overturning driving component arranged on one side of the right end of the cleaning component and the bearing component, the cutting mechanism comprises a pressure feeding component arranged at the right end of the cleaning component and a cutting component arranged at the right end of the pressure feeding component, the preprocessing mechanism comprises a preprocessing component arranged at the right lower end of the pressure feeding component, a preprocessing liquid input component arranged at the upper end of the preprocessing component, a discharging component arranged at the lower end of the liquid input component, a carrying component arranged between the pressure feeding component and the preprocessing component, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a centrifugal box component arranged at the lower end of the discharging component, a centrifugal driving component arranged at the lower end of the centrifugal box, a terminal extraction mechanism comprises a processing box component arranged between the terminal processing box, a filtering processing box component and a filtering processing box arranged between the filtering processing box, and a filtering processing box arranged between the filtering processing box.
Preferably, the supporting component comprises a supporting frame and a supporting table plate arranged at the upper end of the supporting frame, the cleaning component comprises a cleaning tank with a tank body structure and supporting legs arranged at four corners of the lower end of the cleaning tank, the lower end of each supporting leg is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the supporting table plate, a plurality of groups of ultrasonic vibrators are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cleaning tank, a first hinged seat of a U-shaped tank structure is arranged at the right end of each ultrasonic vibrator, and the right end of the bearing component is hinged to the first hinged seat.
Preferably, the carrier assembly includes the washing dish of cell structure, and is in the small opening has been seted up to the bottom equipartition that washs the dish, the left end that washs the dish be equipped with washing tank up end left end looks lapped overlap joint platform, the right-hand member that washs the dish is equipped with the upset seat of T type structure, the lower extreme and the first articulated seat of upset seat are inserted and are joined in marriage mutually, and the centre of upset seat be equipped with the first trip shaft that first articulated seat cell body both sides face was worn to join in marriage mutually, upset drive assembly includes the first motor mount pad of fixed mounting on first articulated seat lateral surface, and the side of first motor mount pad is equipped with a driving motor, a driving motor's main shaft and the axle head of first trip shaft pass through shaft coupling looks fixed connection.
Preferably, the pressure feeding assembly comprises a first conveying frame, a conveying groove with a groove body structure is formed in the middle of the first conveying frame, a lower conveying belt assembly is arranged at the lower end of the conveying groove, an upper conveying belt assembly is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove, a baffle is vertically arranged at the left end of the upper conveying belt assembly and above the conveying groove, a discharge port is communicated with the right end of the conveying groove downwards, a cutting support plate is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and above the upper right of the upper conveying belt assembly, and a first bearing cylinder mounting seat is arranged on the side face of the discharge port and at the right end of the first conveying frame.
Preferably, the cutting assembly includes the cutting jar mount pad of fixed mounting on the first jar mount pad of accepting, the upper end of cutting jar mount pad is equipped with the cutting jar, the piston rod lower extreme of cutting jar is equipped with the riser, the lower extreme of riser is equipped with the clamp plate, the lower extreme of clamp plate is equipped with the cutter perpendicularly, the cutter is in the right-hand member mouth department of conveyer trough is in coordination with the left end of discharge gate is inserted.
Preferably, the pretreatment module is including the pretreatment case, and is in the fixed intercommunication in left side of pretreatment case upper end has the feed inlet of conical surface structure, the fixed intercommunication in right side of pretreatment case upper end has first inlet, the fixed intercommunication in right lower extreme of pretreatment case has the first drain mouth of conical surface structure, and is in the fixed intercommunication in right-hand member of pretreatment case has high-pressure air inlet, high-pressure air inlet's right-hand member is equipped with the admission valve, it includes fixed mounting to accept the subassembly the jar of first face of accepting jar mount pad front and back both sides, accept the cylinder the piston rod right-hand member and be equipped with the adapter plate between the lower port of discharge gate and the last port of feed inlet, and the groove of accepting of cell body structure is seted up to the right-hand member of adapter plate, pretreatment liquid input module includes the pretreatment liquid storage bucket of tubbiness structure, and one side department of port articulates on the pretreatment liquid storage bucket has the closing cap, the fixed intercommunication in lower extreme of pretreatment liquid storage bucket has the delivery port, first check valve is installed at the lower extreme valley bottom of delivery port, the lower extreme of first check valve with the upper end fixed intercommunication of first check valve with the first check valve fixed intercommunication in the upper end of first check valve, the lower extreme of pretreatment case is equipped with the second drain port and the fixed connection of second check valve lower extreme of second check valve is connected the support leg.
Preferably, the centrifuge box subassembly includes the centrifugal support frame, and the upper end of centrifugal support frame is equipped with the centrifugal backup pad, the centre of centrifugal backup pad up end is equipped with rotatory supporting seat, the swivelling chute has been seted up to the centre of rotatory supporting seat, the second rotation axis has been cup jointed through the bearing in the centre of swivelling chute, the upper end of second rotation axis is equipped with middle centrifugal barrel, the interior bottom of middle centrifugal barrel is equipped with pressure sensor, the last port of middle centrifugal barrel is corresponding with the lower port position of passage, the wall body of middle centrifugal barrel is fitted with a contraceptive ring and is seted up the filtration pore of evenly distributed range to top-down, between the outside of middle centrifugal barrel and the inboard of outer protective barrel the lower extreme downward fixed intercommunication of centrifugal support plate has the second leakage fluid dram, and the lower extreme of second leakage fluid dram is equipped with the third check valve, the centrifugal drive subassembly includes the second motor mount pad of rotatory groove lower port department fixed mounting, and the lower extreme of second motor mount pad is equipped with second driving motor, the main shaft end fixed connection mutually through the shaft coupling.
Preferably, the terminal processing box assembly comprises a terminal processing box, a filtering chamber, a separating chamber and a discharging heating chamber which are of a cavity structure are arranged in the middle of the terminal processing box from top to bottom, a second liquid inlet is fixedly communicated with the upper end of the filtering chamber, a filtering plate pushing opening is formed in the right end of the filtering chamber, filtering plate supporting blocks are arranged on the side faces of the filtering plate pushing opening and on the left side face and the right side face of the inner wall of the filtering chamber, a third liquid outlet is fixedly communicated with the separating chamber in the middle of the bottom of the filtering chamber, a fourth one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the third liquid outlet, liquid passing holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the bottom of the separating chamber into the discharging heating chamber, a material receiving opening is formed in the right end face of the separating chamber, a material receiving door plate is buckled in the material receiving opening, one side of the door plate is hinged to one side of an outer end opening of the material receiving opening, a third liquid inlet and an air outlet are fixedly communicated with the outer side of the material receiving door plate, and a fifth one-way valve and an exhaust valve are respectively arranged on the right end face of the third liquid inlet and the air outlet.
Preferably, the middle conveying assembly comprises a conveying pipe fixedly communicated with the upper end of the second liquid inlet, the other end of the conveying pipe is fixedly communicated with the lower end of the third one-way valve, the filtering assembly comprises a filtering groove plate arranged in the middle of the filtering chamber, the left end and the right end of the filtering groove plate are respectively overlapped with the upper end face of the filtering plate supporting block, filtering holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the middle of the filtering groove plate, a sealing plate is arranged at the right end of the filtering groove plate, the heating and draining assembly comprises a draining closing plate which is arranged at the lower end of the precipitation chamber and is in sliding fit with the left end face and the right end face of the discharging heating chamber, a heating plate is fixedly embedded in the middle of the draining closing plate, a draining port is fixedly communicated with the right end face of the draining heating chamber at the right end of the draining closing plate, a draining pipe is fixedly communicated with the right end face of the draining heating chamber, an expansion air bag is arranged at the lower end of the discharging heating chamber, a connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate, the upper end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the expansion air bag at the lower end face of the connecting plate, and a guide pillar are arranged on the two sides of the connecting plate.
An extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharides from dendrobium, which utilizes the extraction equipment for extracting the active dendrobium polysaccharides from dendrobium to extract the active dendrobium polysaccharides, and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, injecting clean water into the cleaning tank, then putting the prepared fresh dendrobium into the cleaning disc, and starting the ultrasonic vibrator by the controller to clean the fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc;
feeding and cutting off, wherein the controller starts an upper conveying belt assembly and a lower conveying belt assembly, fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc is overturned to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly and the lower conveying belt assembly, and the controller starts a cutting cylinder to drive a cutter to perform a cutting action on the fresh dendrobium;
step three, preprocessing, namely, after the dendrobium raw materials completely fall into the preprocessing box, starting a first one-way valve by the controller to enable the preprocessing liquid in the preprocessing liquid storage barrel to downwards enter the preprocessing box from a conveying port, and starting an air inlet valve by the controller to input high-pressure gas into the preprocessing box;
fourthly, centrifugal separation is carried out, a second one-way valve at the lower end of the first liquid discharge port is opened, so that all materials in the pretreatment tank downwards enter a middle centrifugal barrel through a material guide pipe, the controller starts a second driving motor to enable a rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive a rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel to rotate at a high speed, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is larger than a preset pressure value;
fifthly, filtering, wherein the third one-way valve is opened after centrifugation is finished, the controller controls the heating plate to be started so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a first preset temperature value, the volume of the expansion airbag is increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate are driven by the guide pillar to move downwards, the pressure in the terminal processing box is reduced, and slurry in the middle centrifugal barrel is conveyed to a filtering trough plate in the filtering chamber through a second liquid inlet;
step six, crystallization, namely injecting high-concentration alcohol into the precipitation chamber through the third liquid inlet, vacuumizing the precipitation chamber, and precipitating dendrobium polysaccharide at the bottom of the precipitation chamber to form crystals;
step seven, discharging liquid, wherein after the crystallization of the dendrobe polysaccharide is finished, the controller controls the heating plate to be started so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag is continuously increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate are driven by the guide pillar to move downwards, and when the height of the side surface of the drainage sealing plate is lower than that of the drainage port, the expansion air bag flows into a recovery container at the lower end of the drainage pipe from the drainage pipe through the drainage port to finish the liquid discharging action;
step eight, heating and forming, wherein after liquid discharging is finished, the controller controls the heating plate to be started so that the temperature value of the discharging heating chamber is reduced to a first preset temperature value, and the volume of the expansion air bag is reduced so that the drainage sealing plate is pushed up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber;
and step nine, scraping the finished product, opening the material receiving door plate, and scraping the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate from the bottom of the precipitation chamber into a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by using a scraper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the cut dendrobe is mixed with the lytic enzyme through the pretreatment mechanism, and the lytic enzyme rapidly permeates into the cell structure of dendrobe in a high-pressure mode, so that the dissolving speed of dendrobe cell walls can be increased, and dendrobe polysaccharide in dendrobe cells can be separated from dendrobe cell walls more easily, thus the extraction difficulty of dendrobe polysaccharide is reduced, and the separation efficiency of dendrobe polysaccharide is improved.
2. According to the invention, the pretreated dendrobium is subjected to rapid centrifugal purification, so that dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly peeled from dendrobium tissues at a high speed, large impurities in dendrobium polysaccharide mixed liquor are rapidly removed in a filtering mode, then the dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly separated out in a low-pressure high-purity alcohol adding mode, and the dendrobium polysaccharide is rapidly purified in a heating mode, so that the extraction efficiency of dendrobium polysaccharide is improved.
3. According to the invention, through the matching of the expansion air bag and the heating plate, the slurry in the middle centrifugal barrel can be extracted, and meanwhile, the slurry can be heated, crystallized and discharged, so that the multipurpose is strong, the operation is simple, the matching effect of all parts is good, and the processing precision is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an axial side view of the cross-sectional structure taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an axial side view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2 taken along line B-B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at C in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2 taken at D-D;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at E in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the cross-sectional configuration of FIG. 8 taken at F-F;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at G in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at H in FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion I of FIG. 9;
fig. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at J in fig. 9.
In the figure: 1. a support assembly; 2. cleaning the assembly; 3. a carrier assembly; 4. a turnover drive assembly; 5. a pressure feed assembly; 6. a cutting assembly; 7. a pre-processing assembly; 8. a receiving assembly; 9. a pretreatment fluid input assembly; 10. a delivery assembly; 11. a centrifuge tank assembly; 12. a centrifugal drive assembly; 13. a terminal processing box assembly; 14. a filter assembly; 15. heating the vent assembly; 16. an intermediate transport assembly; 201. a cleaning tank; 203. an ultrasonic vibrator; 301. cleaning the disc; 304. a turning seat; 503. a lower conveyor belt assembly; 504. an upper conveyor belt assembly; 605. a cutter; 701. a pretreatment tank; 703. a first liquid inlet; 704. a first drain port; 901. a pretreatment liquid storage barrel; 1002. a material guide pipe; 1103. a middle centrifugal barrel; 1108. a second drain port; 1302. a filtering chamber; 1303. a precipitation chamber; 1304. a discharge heating chamber; 1305. a second liquid inlet; 1308. a third liquid discharge port; 1312. a material receiving door plate; 1313. a third liquid inlet; 1315. an air extraction opening; 1401. a filtering trough plate; 1403. a sealing plate; 1501. a drainage seal plate; 1502. heating the plate; 1503. inflating the air bag; 1506. a bleed port; 1507. a bleeder tube; 1602. a delivery pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 13, the present invention provides a technical solution: an extraction device for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharide from dendrobium comprises a support assembly 1, a controller is arranged on one side of the support assembly 1 and electrically controls each electric element, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the left side of the upper end of the support assembly 1, a cutting mechanism is arranged on the right end of the cleaning mechanism, a preprocessing mechanism is arranged on the right end of the cutting mechanism, a centrifugal mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the preprocessing mechanism, a terminal extraction mechanism is arranged on the right end of the centrifugal mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning assembly 2, a bearing assembly 3 arranged at the upper end of the cleaning assembly 2 and an overturning driving assembly 4 arranged on one side of the right end of the cleaning assembly 2 and the bearing assembly 3, the cutting mechanism comprises a pressing assembly 5 arranged at the right end of the cleaning assembly 2 and a cutting assembly 6 arranged at the right end of the pressing assembly 5, the preprocessing mechanism comprises a preprocessing assembly 7 arranged at the right lower end of the pressing assembly 5, a preprocessing liquid input assembly 9 arranged at the upper end of the preprocessing assembly 7, a discharging assembly 10 arranged at the lower end of the preprocessing liquid input assembly 9 and a bearing assembly 8 arranged between the pressing assembly 5 and the pressing assembly 7, a centrifugal box assembly 13 and a terminal box assembly 13 arranged at the upper end of the pressing assembly 11, and a centrifugal box assembly 13 arranged at the upper end of the centrifugal box assembly 13 and a centrifugal box assembly 13 arranged between the centrifugal box and a terminal box assembly 13 and a centrifugal processing assembly 13 arranged at the upper end of a centrifugal box.
Supporting component 1 includes the support frame and the support platen that the support frame upper end was established, wash the supporting leg that washing unit 2 includes tank structure's washing tank 201 and washing tank 201 lower extreme four corners position department established, the lower extreme of supporting leg and the up end looks fixed connection who supports the platen, the bottom equipartition of washing tank 201 is equipped with multiunit ultrasonic vibrator 203, ultrasonic vibrator 203's right-hand member is equipped with the first articulated seat of U type tank structure, bearing component 3's right-hand member is articulated mutually with first articulated seat, clean with the help of the fresh stem of noble dendrobium of ultrasonic vibrator 203 in to washing tank 201.
The pressure feeding assembly 5 comprises a first conveying frame, a conveying groove with a groove body structure is formed in the middle of the first conveying frame, a lower conveying belt assembly 503 is arranged at the lower end of the conveying groove, an upper conveying belt assembly 504 is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove, a baffle is vertically arranged at the left end of the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and above the conveying groove, the right end of the conveying groove is communicated with a discharge hole downwards, a cutting support plate is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and above the right side of the upper conveying belt assembly 504, a first bearing cylinder mounting seat is arranged on the side face of the discharge hole and at the right end of the first conveying frame, when the pressure feeding assembly works, a belt pair of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the upper conveying belt assembly 504 conveys downwards, when fresh dendrobium falls into the middle of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the upper conveying belt assembly 504, the fresh dendrobium is pressed by the belts of the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and the upper conveying belt assembly 504 to move towards the lower port of the conveying groove, and the baffle has the main function of ensuring that dendrobium raw materials in the conveying groove are blocked at the baffle when the cleaning disc 301 overturns, so as to avoid the dendrobium raw materials from splashing to the outside.
Cutting assembly 6 includes the cutting jar mount pad of fixed mounting on first accepting the jar mount pad, and the upper end of cutting jar mount pad is equipped with the cutting jar, and the piston rod lower extreme of cutting jar is equipped with the riser, and the lower extreme of riser is equipped with the clamp plate, and the lower extreme of clamp plate is equipped with cutter 605 perpendicularly, and cutter 605 is in right-hand member mouth department of conveyer trough and the left end of discharge gate be inserted and is joined in marriage, cuts fresh stem of noble dendrobium with the help of cutter 605, and then improves the effect of follow-up processing.
The pretreatment assembly 7 comprises a pretreatment box 701, a feed inlet with a conical surface structure is fixedly communicated with the left side of the upper end of the pretreatment box 701, a first liquid inlet 703 is fixedly communicated with the right side of the upper end of the pretreatment box 701, a first liquid outlet 704 with a conical surface structure is fixedly communicated with the right lower end of the pretreatment box 701, a high-pressure air inlet is fixedly communicated with the right end of the pretreatment box 701, an air inlet valve is arranged at the right end of the high-pressure air inlet, and the fresh dendrobium after cutting is pretreated by means of the pretreatment box 701, so that the stability of subsequent processing is improved.
The bearing assembly 8 comprises bearing cylinders fixedly mounted on the front side face and the rear side face of a first bearing cylinder mounting seat, bearing plates are arranged at the right ends of piston rods of the bearing cylinders between the lower end openings of the discharge ports and the upper end openings of the feed inlets, and bearing grooves of groove body structures are formed at the right ends of the bearing plates.
The pretreatment liquid input assembly 9 comprises a pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901 of a barrel-shaped structure, a sealing cover is hinged to one side of an upper port of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, a conveying port is fixedly communicated with the lower end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, a first one-way valve is installed at the bottom of a valley of the lower end of the conveying port, the lower end of the first one-way valve is fixedly communicated with the upper end of a first liquid inlet 703, a second supporting leg is annularly arranged at the outer side of the conveying port and at the lower end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, the lower end of the second supporting leg is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the pretreatment box 701, treatment liquid is stored in the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901, and decomposition of fresh dendrobium is improved by means of the treatment liquid.
The discharging assembly 10 includes a material guiding pipe 1002 of a tubular structure fixedly connected to a second one-way valve fixedly installed at a lower end of the first discharging port 704 and a lower end of the second one-way valve, and the material guiding pipe 1002 conducts the material.
The terminal processing box assembly 13 comprises a terminal processing box, and a filtering chamber 1302, an extraction chamber 1303 and a discharging heating chamber 1304 which are of cavity structures are arranged in the middle of the terminal processing box from top to bottom.
The upper end of the filtering chamber 1302 is fixedly communicated with a second liquid inlet 1305, the right end of the filtering chamber 1302 is provided with a filtering plate pushing port, the side face of the filtering plate pushing port is provided with a filtering plate supporting block on the left side face and the right side face of the inner wall of the filtering chamber 1302, the middle of the bottom of the filtering chamber 1302 is fixedly communicated with a third liquid outlet 1308 in the precipitation chamber 1303, the lower end of the third liquid outlet 1308 is provided with a fourth one-way valve, the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 is provided with uniformly distributed liquid passing holes in the discharging heating chamber 1304, the right end face of the precipitation chamber 1303 is provided with a material receiving port, a material receiving door plate 1312 is buckled in the material receiving port, one side of the material receiving door plate 1312 is hinged with one side of an outer port of the material receiving port, the outer side of the material receiving door plate 1312 is fixedly communicated with a third liquid inlet 1313 and an air outlet 1315, and the right end faces of the third liquid inlet 1313 and the air outlet 1315 are respectively provided with a fifth one-way valve and an exhaust valve.
The intermediate delivery assembly 16 includes a delivery pipe 1602 having an upper port of the second inlet 1305 fixedly connected, and the other end of the delivery pipe 1602 is fixedly connected to a lower end of the third one-way valve 1109.
The filtering component 14 comprises a filtering slot plate 1401 arranged in the middle of the filtering chamber 1302, the left end and the right end of the filtering slot plate 1401 are respectively lapped with the upper end surface of the filtering plate supporting block 1307, the middle of the filtering slot plate 1401 is provided with filtering holes which are uniformly distributed, and the right end of the filtering slot plate 1401 is provided with a sealing plate 1403.
The heating and draining assembly 15 comprises a C-shaped plate-shaped draining seal plate 1501 arranged at the lower end of the precipitation chamber 1303 and slidably matched with the left end surface and the right end surface of the discharging heating chamber 1304, a heating plate 1502 is fixedly embedded in the middle of the draining seal plate 1501, a draining port 1506 is fixedly communicated with the right end surface of the discharging heating chamber 1304 at the right end of the draining seal plate 1501, a draining pipe 1507 is fixedly communicated with the right end of the draining port 1506, an expansion air bag 1503 is arranged at the lower end of the discharging heating chamber 1304, a connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the heating plate 1502, the upper end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the draining seal plate 1501, guide posts 1505 are arranged on two sides of the connecting plate and on the lower end surface of the draining seal plate 1501, and the bottom of the expansion air bag 1503 is fixedly connected with the bottoms of the guide posts 1505.
When the dendrobium stem cleaning device is used, clean water is injected into the cleaning tank 201, then prepared fresh dendrobium stems are placed into the cleaning disc 301, the controller starts the ultrasonic vibrator 203 to clean the fresh dendrobium stems in the cleaning disc 301, and the controller stops the ultrasonic vibrator 203 after 1.5-2 minutes of cleaning.
The controller starts the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, and notices that the conveying direction of the conveying belts is opposite to the conveying direction and conveys downwards, then the controller starts the first driving motor to drive the first turnover shaft to rotate, so that the turnover seat 304 drives the cleaning disc 301 to turn over towards the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, in the process, the fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc 301 turns over to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, the fresh dendrobium is extruded towards the lower port of the discharge port between the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503 and is conveyed towards the lower port of the discharge port, when the fresh dendrobium is conveyed to the lower port of the conveying groove, the controller starts the cutting cylinder to drive the cutter 605 to perform cutting action on the fresh dendrobium, so that the fresh dendrobium is cut into the length of 0.3 cm-0.5 cm, and the cut fresh dendrobium falls into the lower port of the lower port
The controller starts the bearing cylinder to extend, so as to drive the bearing groove to move towards the middle of the discharge port and the feed port, the dendrobe raw material at the lower end of the discharge port penetrates through the bearing groove and falls into the pretreatment box 701, after the dendrobe raw material completely falls into the pretreatment box 701, the controller starts the bearing cylinder to retract, so that the bearing plate seals the lower end of the discharge port and the upper end of the feed port, the controller starts the first one-way valve to enable the pretreatment liquid in the pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901 to enter the pretreatment box 701 from the conveying port downwards through the first one-way valve, when the pretreatment liquid is 1-2 cm higher than the upper end of the dendrobe raw material, the controller closes the first one-way valve, the controller starts the air inlet valve, high-pressure gas is input into the pretreatment box 701 through the high-pressure air inlet to enable the pretreatment box 701 to be in a high-pressure state, when the internal pressure of the pretreatment box 701 reaches 3-5 Mpa, the controller closes the air inlet valve 706, standing is carried out for 20-30 minutes, so that the lytic enzyme in the liquid fully enters the fresh dendrobe and dissolves cells in the tissue, and the dendrobium polysaccharide is more easily separated and extracted.
After the pretreatment is finished, the controller opens the second one-way valve at the lower end of the first liquid discharge port 704, so that all materials in the pretreatment tank 701 downwards enter the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 through the material guide pipe 1002, then the controller starts the second driving motor to enable the rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive the rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 to rotate at a high speed, the rotating speed is controlled to be 3200 rpm-4000 rpm, the centrifugation time is controlled to be 5 min-8 min, and when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is larger than the set pressure preset value, the controller turns off the second driving motor 1202, wherein the amount of the slurry generated by the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 in the centrifugation and throwing-out of fresh dendrobium is satisfied.
After the centrifugation is finished, the third check valve 1109 is opened, the controller starts the heating plate 1502, when the heating plate 1502 is started, the temperature in the discharging heating chamber 1304 continuously rises and reaches a first preset temperature value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 increases, when the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 increases, the bottom moves downwards and drives guide columns on two sides to move downwards, when the guide columns move downwards, the connecting rod and the drainage sealing plate 1501 are driven to move downwards, when the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate 1501 move downwards, the whole terminal processing box is in a sealed state, the terminal processing box is actually pumped, pressure in the terminal processing box is reduced, slurry centrifugally generated in the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 is conveyed into the conveying pipe 1602 from the second liquid outlet 1108 through the negative pressure, then the slurry is conveyed onto the filtering tank plate 1401 in the filtering chamber 1302 through the second liquid inlet 1305, turbid slurry is filtered through the filtering tank plate 1401 to obtain relatively clear filtrate at the bottom of the filtering chamber, the discharging heating chamber 1304 is preheated through the heating plate 1502, the slurry can be heated and crystallized, the processing efficiency is improved, the processing effect is guaranteed, and the temperature of byproducts is effectively prevented from continuously rising, and the yield of the other heating plate 1302 are effectively reduced.
The controller starts a fourth one-way valve, filtrate at the bottom of the filtering chamber 1302 enters the precipitation chamber 1303 through a third liquid outlet 1308, then the controller closes the fourth one-way valve, the controller starts a fifth one-way valve, high-concentration alcohol is injected into the precipitation chamber 1303 through a third liquid inlet 1313, the alcohol concentration is controlled to be 95%, the injection of the alcohol is stopped when the alcohol concentration in a mixed solution of the alcohol and the filtrate reaches 85%, then the controller closes the fifth one-way valve, opens an exhaust valve, vacuumizes the precipitation chamber 1303, closes the exhaust valve when the vacuum degree in the precipitation chamber 1303 reaches-0.15 mpa, at the moment, the heating plate 1502 continuously works for heating, the heating temperature is controlled to be room temperature, the standing is carried out for 10-14 hours, the dendrobium polysaccharide 1303 is precipitated at the bottom of the precipitation chamber, and the dendrobium polysaccharide is crystallized to form crystals.
After the crystallization of dendrobe polysaccharide is finished, the controller starts the heating plate 1502 to be further heated, the temperature in the discharging heating chamber 1304 reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is further increased, the bottom of the expansion air bag 1503 drives guide pillars on two sides to continue moving downwards when the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is increased, the guide pillars drive the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate 1501 to move downwards when moving downwards, when the height of the side face of the drainage sealing plate 1501 is lower than that of the drainage port 1506, the controller controls the heating temperature of the heating plate 1502 to be kept stable, a recovery container is placed at the lower port of the drainage pipe 1507, and residual separated mixed liquid enters the upper end of the drainage sealing plate 1501 through a liquid passing hole in the bottom of the separation chamber 1303 and then flows into the recovery container at the lower end of the drainage pipe 1507 through the drainage port 1506 to complete the liquid discharge action.
After the liquid discharging is finished, the controller starts the heating plate 1502 to reduce the temperature of the heating plate, so that the temperature in the discharging heating chamber 1304 is reduced and reaches a first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is reduced, the connecting plate and the discharging seal plate 1501 are driven to be pushed up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 through the guide pillars on the two sides, the heating plate 1502 heats continuously to enable redundant water and alcohol in dendrobium polysaccharide crystals reserved at the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 to evaporate rapidly, and a pure dendrobium polysaccharide crystal plate is obtained.
The material receiving door plate 1312 is opened, the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate is scraped out of the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 to a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by a scraper, the dendrobe polysaccharide cost collection action is completed, and the material receiving door plate 1312 is closed back to the material receiving port after the dendrobe polysaccharide cost collection is completed.
The device extracts active dendrobe polysaccharide in to the dendrobe raw materials efficiently, and is effectual, and the controllability is strong, and the operability is simple, and the precision is high, and the versatility is strong, and cooperation and linkage nature are strong between each part, and the active dendrobe polysaccharide activity of extraction is high, and energy loss rate is low, and accomplishes preheating in the process, and the heating effect is stable and high-efficient.
Second embodiment
An extraction method for extracting active dendrobium polysaccharides from dendrobium, which utilizes extraction equipment for extracting the active dendrobium polysaccharides from dendrobium and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning, namely injecting clean water into the cleaning tank 201, then putting the prepared fresh dendrobium into the cleaning disc 301, and starting the ultrasonic vibrator 203 by the controller to clean the fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc 301;
step two, feeding and cutting off, wherein the controller starts the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, the fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc 301 is overturned between the upper conveying belt assembly 504 and the lower conveying belt assembly 503, and the controller starts the cutting cylinder 602 to drive the cutter 605 to perform a cutting action on the fresh dendrobium;
step three, pretreatment, namely after the dendrobe raw materials completely fall into a pretreatment box 701, starting a first one-way valve 904 by a controller to enable pretreatment liquid in a pretreatment liquid storage barrel 901 to downwards enter the pretreatment box 701 from a conveying port 903, and starting an air inlet valve 706 by the controller to input high-pressure gas into the pretreatment box 701;
step four, centrifugal separation, namely opening a second one-way valve 1001 at the lower end of a first liquid discharge port 704 to enable all materials in the pretreatment tank 701 to downwards enter the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 through a material guide pipe 1002, starting a second driving motor by a controller to enable a rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive the rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 to rotate at a high speed, and enabling a pressure value detected by a pressure sensor to be larger than a preset pressure value;
step five, filtering, wherein after the centrifugation is finished, a third one-way valve 1109 is opened, the controller controls the heating plate 1502 to be started to enable the temperature of the discharging and heating chamber 1304 to reach a first preset temperature value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is increased, the connecting plate and the discharging and closing plate 1501 are driven to move downwards through the guide post 1505, the pressure in the terminal treatment box 1301 is reduced, and the slurry in the middle centrifugal barrel 1103 is conveyed to the filtering groove plate 1401 in the filtering chamber 1302 through the second liquid inlet 1305;
step six, crystallizing, namely injecting high-concentration alcohol into the precipitation chamber 1303 through a third liquid inlet 1313, vacuumizing the precipitation chamber 1303, and precipitating dendrobium polysaccharide at the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 to form crystals;
step seven, discharging, after the dendrobe polysaccharide is crystallized, the controller controls the heating plate 1502 to be started to enable the temperature of the discharging heating chamber 1304 to reach a second preset temperature value, the second preset temperature value is larger than the first preset temperature value, the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 continues to be increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate 1501 are driven to move downwards through the guide pillar, and when the height of the side face of the drainage sealing plate 1501 is lower than that of the drainage port 1506, the expansion air bag 1503 flows into a recovery container at the lower end of the drainage pipe 1507 through the drainage port 1506 to complete the liquid discharging action;
step eight, heating and forming, after liquid discharging is finished, the controller controls the heating plate 1502 to be started, so that the temperature value of the discharging heating chamber 1304 is reduced to a first preset temperature value, and the volume of the expansion air bag 1503 is reduced, so that the drainage seal plate 1501 is pushed up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303;
and step nine, scraping the finished product, opening the material receiving door plate 1312, and scraping the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate from the bottom of the precipitation chamber 1303 to a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by using a scraper.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an extract equipment of active dendrobe polysaccharide in follow dendrobe which characterized in that: the automatic cleaning device comprises a supporting component, a controller is arranged on one side of the supporting component, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the left side of the upper end of the supporting component, a cutting mechanism is arranged at the right end of the cleaning mechanism, a pretreatment mechanism is arranged at the right end of the cutting mechanism, a centrifugal mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the pretreatment mechanism, a terminal extraction mechanism is arranged at the right end of the cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning component, a bearing component arranged at the upper end of the cleaning component, an overturning driving component arranged on one side of the right end of the bearing component, the cutting mechanism comprises a pressure feeding component arranged at the right end of the cleaning component and a cutting component arranged at the right end of the pressure feeding component, the pretreatment mechanism comprises a pretreatment component arranged at the right lower end of the pressure feeding component, a pretreatment liquid input component arranged at the upper end of the pretreatment component, a discharging component arranged at the lower end of the pretreatment liquid input component, a bearing component arranged between the pressure feeding component and the pretreatment component, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a centrifugal box component arranged at the lower end of the discharging component and a centrifugal driving component arranged at the lower end of the centrifugal box, and a centrifugal driving component arranged between the terminal extraction mechanism and the centrifugal box component arranged at the upper end of the terminal processing box, and the centrifugal mechanism arranged between the terminal processing box and the centrifugal processing box component.
2. The extraction equipment of claim 1, wherein the extraction equipment comprises: the utility model discloses a cleaning assembly, including washing tank, supporting leg, supporting component, bearing component, supporting leg, supporting component, washing component, the supporting component includes the support frame, with the supporting leg that the support frame upper end was established, the washing component includes the cell body structure, with the supporting leg that the washing tank lower extreme four corners position department established, the lower extreme of supporting leg and the up end looks fixed connection of supporting platform, the bottom equipartition of washing tank is equipped with multiunit ultrasonic vibrator, ultrasonic vibrator's right-hand member is equipped with the first articulated seat of U type cell body structure, bearing component's right-hand member and first articulated seat are articulated mutually.
3. The extraction equipment of claim 2, wherein the extraction equipment comprises: the bearing component comprises a cleaning disc of a groove structure, leak holes are formed in the bottom uniform distribution of the cleaning disc, a lap joint table lapped with the left end of the upper end face of a cleaning groove is arranged at the left end of the cleaning disc, a turnover seat of a T-shaped structure is arranged at the right end of the cleaning disc, the lower end of the turnover seat and a first hinged seat are inserted and matched, a first turnover shaft is arranged in the middle of the turnover seat and penetrates through the two side faces of a groove body of the first hinged seat, the turnover driving component comprises a first motor mounting seat fixedly mounted on the outer side face of the first hinged seat, a first driving motor is arranged on the side face of the first motor mounting seat, and a main shaft of the first driving motor and the shaft end of the first turnover shaft are fixedly connected through a shaft coupling.
4. The extraction equipment of claim 3, wherein the extraction equipment comprises: the pressure feeding assembly comprises a first conveying frame, a conveying groove of a groove body structure is formed in the middle of the first conveying frame, a lower conveying belt assembly is arranged at the lower end of the conveying groove, an upper conveying belt assembly is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove, a baffle is vertically arranged at the left end of the upper conveying belt assembly and above the conveying groove, a discharge port is communicated with the right end of the conveying groove downwards, a cutting support plate is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and above the upper right of the upper conveying belt assembly, and a first bearing cylinder mounting seat is arranged on the side face of the discharge port and at the right end of the first conveying frame.
5. The extraction equipment of claim 4, wherein the extraction equipment comprises: the cutting assembly comprises a cutting cylinder mounting seat fixedly mounted on a first bearing cylinder mounting seat, a cutting cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the cutting cylinder mounting seat, a vertical plate is arranged at the lower end of a piston rod of the cutting cylinder, a pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate, a cutter is vertically arranged at the lower end of the pressing plate, and the cutter is arranged at the right end opening of the conveying groove and is in inserted fit with the left end of the discharge hole.
6. The extraction equipment of claim 5, wherein the extraction equipment comprises: the pretreatment assembly comprises a pretreatment box, a feed inlet of a conical surface structure is fixedly communicated with the left side of the upper end of the pretreatment box, a first inlet is fixedly communicated with the right side of the upper end of the pretreatment box, a first liquid discharge port of the conical surface structure is fixedly communicated with the right lower end of the pretreatment box, a high-pressure air inlet is fixedly communicated with the right end of the pretreatment box, a receiving groove of a groove body structure is formed in the right end of the receiving groove, the pretreatment liquid input assembly comprises a pretreatment liquid storage barrel of a barrel-shaped structure, a sealing cover is hinged to one side of the upper end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel, a conveying port is fixedly communicated with the lower end of the pretreatment liquid storage barrel, a first one-way valve is mounted at the bottom of the lower end of the conveying port, the lower end of the first one-way valve is fixedly communicated with the upper end of the first inlet, the lower end of the storage liquid storage barrel is fixedly communicated with the outer side of the second one-way valve, and the lower end of the second one-way valve is connected with the lower end of a one-way valve.
7. The extraction equipment of claim 6, which is used for extracting active dendrobe polysaccharide from dendrobe, and is characterized in that: the centrifugal box component comprises a centrifugal support frame, a centrifugal support plate is arranged at the upper end of the centrifugal support frame, a rotary support seat is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the centrifugal support plate, a rotary groove is formed in the middle of the rotary support seat, a second rotary shaft is sleeved in the middle of the rotary groove through a bearing, a middle centrifugal barrel is arranged at the upper end of the second rotary shaft, a pressure sensor is arranged at the inner bottom of the middle centrifugal barrel, an upper end port of the middle centrifugal barrel corresponds to the lower end port of a material guide pipe in position, a wall body of the middle centrifugal barrel is provided with filter holes which are uniformly distributed from top to bottom, a second liquid discharge port is fixedly communicated between the outer side of the middle centrifugal barrel and the inner side of an outer protective barrel, the lower end of the centrifugal support plate is downwards fixed and communicated with the second liquid discharge port, a third one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the second liquid discharge port, the centrifugal drive component comprises a second motor mounting seat fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotary groove, a second motor mounting seat is provided with the lower end of the second rotary shaft, and the shaft end of the second rotary shaft is fixedly connected with the shaft end through a shaft coupling.
8. The extraction equipment of claim 7, which is used for extracting active dendrobe polysaccharide from dendrobe, and is characterized in that: the terminal processing box assembly comprises a terminal processing box, a filtering chamber, a separating chamber and a discharging heating chamber which are of cavity structures are arranged in the middle of the terminal processing box from top to bottom, a second liquid inlet is fixedly communicated with the upper end of the filtering chamber, a filtering plate pushing opening is formed in the right end of the filtering chamber, filtering plate supporting blocks are arranged on the side faces of the filtering plate pushing opening and on the left side face and the right side face of the inner wall of the filtering chamber, a third liquid discharging opening is fixedly communicated with the separating chamber in the middle of the bottom of the filtering chamber, a fourth one-way valve is arranged at the lower end of the third liquid discharging opening, liquid passing holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the discharging heating chamber from the bottom of the separating chamber, a receiving opening is formed in the right end face of the separating chamber, a receiving door plate is arranged in the receiving opening in a buckling mode, one side of the receiving door plate is hinged to one side of an outer end opening of the receiving opening, a third liquid inlet and an air outlet are fixedly communicated with the outer side of the door plate, and a fifth one-way valve and an exhaust valve are respectively arranged on the right end face of the third liquid inlet and the air outlet.
9. The extraction equipment of claim 8, wherein the extraction equipment comprises: the middle conveying assembly comprises a conveying pipe fixedly communicated with the upper end of the second liquid inlet, the other end of the conveying pipe is fixedly communicated with the lower end of the third one-way valve, the filtering assembly comprises a filtering groove plate arranged in the middle of the filtering chamber, the left end and the right end of the filtering groove plate are respectively lapped with the upper end face of the filtering plate supporting block, filtering holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the middle of the filtering groove plate, a sealing plate is arranged at the right end of the filtering groove plate, the heating drainage assembly comprises a C-shaped drainage sealing plate which is arranged at the lower end of the precipitation chamber and is in sliding fit with the left end face and the right end face of the discharging heating chamber, a heating plate is fixedly embedded in the middle of the drainage sealing plate, a drainage port is fixedly communicated with the right end face of the discharging heating chamber at the right end of the drainage sealing plate, a drainage pipe is fixedly communicated with the right end face of the drainage port, an expansion air bag is arranged at the lower end of the discharging heating chamber, a connecting plate is arranged at the bottom of the heating plate, the upper end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the drainage sealing plate, and a guide pillar are fixedly connected with the bottom of the expansion air bag.
10. An extraction method for extracting active dendrobe polysaccharide from dendrobe, which utilizes the extraction equipment for extracting active dendrobe polysaccharide from dendrobe according to claim 9, and is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, injecting clean water into the cleaning tank, then putting the prepared fresh dendrobium into the cleaning disc, and starting the ultrasonic vibrator by the controller to clean the fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc;
feeding and cutting off, wherein the controller starts an upper conveying belt assembly and a lower conveying belt assembly, fresh dendrobium in the cleaning disc is overturned to the middle of the upper conveying belt assembly and the lower conveying belt assembly, and the controller starts a cutting cylinder to drive a cutter to perform a cutting action on the fresh dendrobium;
step three, preprocessing, namely, after the dendrobium raw materials completely fall into the preprocessing box, starting a first one-way valve by the controller to enable the preprocessing liquid in the preprocessing liquid storage barrel to downwards enter the preprocessing box from a conveying port, and starting an air inlet valve by the controller to input high-pressure gas into the preprocessing box;
fourthly, centrifugal separation is carried out, a second one-way valve at the lower end of the first liquid discharge port is opened, so that all materials in the pretreatment tank downwards enter a middle centrifugal barrel through a material guide pipe, the controller starts a second driving motor to enable a rotating shaft of the second driving motor to drive a rotating shaft and the middle centrifugal barrel to rotate at a high speed, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is larger than a preset pressure value;
fifthly, filtering, wherein the third one-way valve is opened after centrifugation is finished, the controller controls the heating plate to be started so that the temperature of the discharge heating chamber reaches a first preset temperature value, the volume of the expansion air bag is increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate are driven to move downwards through the guide pillar, the pressure in the terminal treatment box is reduced, and slurry in the middle centrifugal barrel is conveyed to a filtering trough plate in the filtering chamber through a second liquid inlet;
step six, crystallization, namely injecting high-concentration alcohol into the precipitation chamber through the third liquid inlet, vacuumizing the precipitation chamber, and precipitating dendrobium polysaccharide at the bottom of the precipitation chamber to form crystals;
step seven, discharging liquid, wherein after the crystallization of the dendrobe polysaccharide is finished, the controller controls the heating plate to be started so that the temperature of the discharging heating chamber reaches a second temperature preset value, the second temperature preset value is larger than the first temperature preset value, the volume of the expansion air bag is continuously increased, the connecting plate and the drainage sealing plate are driven by the guide pillar to move downwards, and when the height of the side surface of the drainage sealing plate is lower than that of the drainage port, the expansion air bag flows into a recovery container at the lower end of the drainage pipe from the drainage pipe through the drainage port to finish the liquid discharging action;
step eight, heating and forming, wherein after liquid discharging is finished, the controller controls the heating plate to be started so that the temperature value of the discharging heating chamber is reduced to a first preset temperature value, and the volume of the expansion air bag is reduced so that the drainage sealing plate is pushed up to the bottom of the precipitation chamber;
and step nine, scraping the finished product, opening the material receiving door plate, and scraping the dendrobe polysaccharide crystallization plate from the bottom of the precipitation chamber into a dendrobe polysaccharide recovery container by using a scraper.
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