CN115399273B - Automatic feeding method and feeding device for large-scale fish farm cultivation feed - Google Patents
Automatic feeding method and feeding device for large-scale fish farm cultivation feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN115399273B CN115399273B CN202210790683.XA CN202210790683A CN115399273B CN 115399273 B CN115399273 B CN 115399273B CN 202210790683 A CN202210790683 A CN 202210790683A CN 115399273 B CN115399273 B CN 115399273B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an automatic feeding method and device for large-scale fish farm cultivation feeds, wherein the automatic feeding method comprises the following steps of: wind conveying; step 2: feeding and mixing feed; step 3: feeding the feed at different points; step 4: sowing feed; step 5: switching the feeding port. The feeding device comprises a conveying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a distributor, a feeding pipeline, a spreader and an electrical control cabinet. And the high-pressure air flow is conveyed by the conveying mechanism, after the feed mechanism fully mixes the feed and the air, the distributor switches the target feeding port, the feed is conveyed to the sowing device at the tail end of the feeding pipeline, and the feed is rotatably sowed to the target feeding point by the sowing device. The utility model meets the requirement of large feeding area of large ocean fishing ground, sets a plurality of feeding points, can switch feeding, and meets the different feeding requirements of each feeding point in a targeted manner; controlling feed feeding amount and keeping feed transmission smooth; the feed transmission condition and the feeding quantity condition of each feeding point are monitored, so that the feeding work of a fishing ground can be conveniently managed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an automatic feeding method for large-scale fish farm cultivation feeds and a feeding device applying the production method.
Background
The deep-open sea fishery cultivation platform is the development direction of the ocean fishery, the comprehensive upgrading and automatic development of the ocean fishery development are realized, and the automatic feed feeding system is one of key equipment for developing the deep-open sea fishery cultivation platform. Due to large area of the fishing ground and high culture density, the shoreside feed feeders are generally adopted for simultaneous centralized feeding.
The large-scale ocean fishing ground distribution area is big, and the feeding point generally sets up more, and the breed fish of every feeding point receives the influence of different factors such as variety, child-bearing age, and the feeding volume of each feeding point is different, if concentrate the feeding simultaneously, can't carry out the component to different feeding points and feed the point and set up more because of the feeding point. Meanwhile, the feeding can lead to feed split, so that the feed feeding and feed conveying workload is high in order to ensure that the feed quantity is enough to be conveyed at each feeding point.
Such as Chinese utility model patent: a multifunctional and manageable feed feeding machine (bulletin number: CN 212260162U) discloses a feeding scheme: the material drives the glassware through first motor and carries out the unloading to the unloading of second unloading pipe, and second unloading pipe one end is connected with the fan, and the second unloading pipe other end passes through first unloading union coupling and throws the charging tray, in throwing the charging tray with the direct conveying of material through the unloading pipe under the effect of fan, throws the charging tray and rotates under the effect of second motor and evenly throw the material and spill.
The scheme solves the problems that the feeding force is difficult to control, the feeding is not uniform enough and the like, but the feeding device stores the feed in a too small amount, the feeding of each feeding point is needed to be carried out through a manual pushing device, the feeding speed is low, the large-scale feeding requirement of a large-scale ocean fishing ground cannot be met, the feeding cannot be quantitatively carried out, and the feeding amount of each feeding point of the fishing ground is difficult to manage.
Therefore, how to improve the feeding efficiency, especially meet the feeding demand of large-scale ocean fishing farm cultivation fodder, be the great topic of improvement fish farming automation and modernization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides an automatic feeding method of large-scale fish farm cultivation feeds, and designs a large-scale fish farm cultivation feed feeding device on the basis of the automatic feeding method, so that long-term fixed-point and quantitative feeding of a large-area fish farm is realized, and random switching of different feeding points can be realized.
In a first aspect of the utility model, an automated feeding method for large-scale fish farm cultivation feeds is provided, comprising the steps of:
step 1: wind delivery: driving air flow conveying;
step 2: and (3) feed feeding and mixing: mixing the fed feed with the gas, and then conveying and flowing along with the gas;
step 3: and (3) feeding at different points: presetting feeding time, monitoring feed transportation conditions, automatically selecting a target feeding port according to feeding requirements, carrying out centralized feeding, and recording feeding time and feeding quantity;
step 4: sowing feed: sowing the feed to a feeding point;
step 5: switching a feeding port: after the feeding at one feeding point is finished, stopping feeding, automatically switching to the next target feeding port according to a preset instruction, and continuing feeding.
In the step 5, the feed is stopped by releasing the air pressure to temporarily stop the feed.
Based on the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed, the second aspect of the utility model provides a feeding device of the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed, and the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed is operated, and the feeding device specifically comprises a conveying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a distributor, a feeding pipeline, a spreader and an electrical control cabinet;
the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor, the distributor is connected with the feeding pipeline, and the tail end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the sowing device; the electrical control cabinet is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism, the feeding mechanism and the distributor.
The conveying mechanism is used for conveying air in the step 1, providing air flow and driving feed to be conveyed;
the feeding mechanism is used for mixing the feed in the step 2 and uniformly mixing the added feed and gas;
the distributor and the feeding pipeline are used for conveying feed at different points in the step 3, and the distributor automatically switches the feeding points and conveys the feed;
the sowing device is used for sowing the feed in the step 4, is connected with the feeding pipeline and is used for rotationally sowing the feed on the water surface of the feeding point;
the electric control cabinet is used for the steps 1-3, and the electric control cabinet remotely controls wind conveying, feed mixing and automatic switching of feeding ports.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the distributor comprises a frame, a pipe receiving port, a fixed base, a feeding port, a rotary conveying pipe and a rotary driving mechanism; the pipe receiving ports and the fixed bases are respectively positioned at two ends of the frame, the number of the feeding ports is several, and the feeding ports are positioned on the fixed bases; one end of the rotary conveying pipe is fixed on the pipe receiving opening; the rotary driving mechanism is connected with the rotary conveying pipe.
Preferably, the rotary conveying pipe is provided with an induction rod, the frame is provided with a plurality of position sensors, and the position sensors are arranged at the corresponding positions of the feeding ports.
Still further, the rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor, a first gear and a second gear; the first gear is connected with the motor, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the second gear is fixed on the rotary conveying pipe.
Still further, the rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor and a turntable, and the turntable is fixed on an output shaft of the motor; the rotary table is positioned above the fixed base, the rotary table is provided with an interface, and the tail end of the rotary conveying pipe is fixed on the interface.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the feeding mechanism comprises a feed storage bin and a mixer; the mixer is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism and the feed storage bin.
Further, the feeding mechanism further comprises a feeder positioned between the feed storage bin and the mixer; the feeder comprises a cavity, a feeding port, a discharging chassis, a rotary impeller, a rotating mechanism and a cone; the feeding port is positioned at the top of the cavity; the rotary impeller is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating mechanism through the cone; the discharging chassis is positioned at the bottom of the cavity, and is provided with a discharging hole.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the spreader comprises a fixed feeding pipeline, a rotary mechanism and a rotary discharging pipe; the fixed feeding pipeline is fixed at the tail end of the feeding pipeline; the rotary pipeline is positioned below the fixed feeding pipeline; the rotating mechanism comprises a second bearing, a third fastener and a fixed shell; the fixed housing is fixed on the rotary pipeline through the third fastener, and the second bearing is positioned between the fixed feeding pipeline and the fixed housing.
Preferably, the rotating mechanism further comprises a sealing member, the sealing member comprises 2 sealing rings and a rotating shaft, the 2 sealing rings are respectively located at two ends of the rotating shaft, 1 sealing ring is in contact with the fixed feeding pipeline, and the other sealing ring is in contact with the fixed shell.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the air outlet of the conveying mechanism is connected with a silencer, and the silencer is positioned between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism.
As a further development of the utility model, the conveying means is connected to an air cooler, which is located between the conveying means and the charging means.
As a further improvement of the utility model, a pressure release valve is arranged between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism, and the pressure release valve is connected with the electrical control cabinet.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the feed storage bin is connected with a weighing instrument, and the weighing instrument is connected with the electrical control cabinet.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the utility model also comprises an air supply pipeline; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism through the air supply pipeline, and the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor through the air supply pipeline; the air supply pipeline is connected with a humidity transmitter, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a flow transmitter, wherein the humidity transmitter, the pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter and the flow transmitter are connected with the electrical control cabinet.
The utility model adopts a switchable single-point feeding mode, distributes feed to a single feeding point for centralized feeding and feeding, continuously switches to the next target feeding point for continuous feeding after the single-point feeding is finished, and has strong pertinence to the actual feeding requirement of each feeding point compared with the mode of simultaneously feeding a plurality of feeding points, and can quantitatively feed according to different feeding amounts of each feeding point, record the feeding amount and achieve automatic feeding management.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the large-area feeding requirement of a large-scale ocean fishing ground is met, a plurality of feeding points are arranged, the single-point feeding mode can be switched, and the different feeding requirements of each feeding point are met pertinently; the feed feeding amount is controlled, so that the feed transmission is kept smooth, and the blocking of the pipeline due to feed caking is avoided; the environment condition of feed transmission and the feeding quantity condition of each feeding point can be monitored in real time, so that the feeding work of a fishing ground can be managed conveniently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall elevation view of a large-scale fish farm farming feed feeding apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the charging mechanism of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the feeder of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the discharge tray of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dispenser in accordance with a first embodiment of the dispensing mode of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a stationary base according to a first embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic telescoping mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a pneumatic telescoping mechanism according to a first embodiment of the dispensing mode of the present utility model;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a second embodiment of the dispensing embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a second embodiment of the dispensing mode of the present utility model;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a stationary base of a second embodiment of a dispensing system of the present utility model;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a control air path according to a second embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a second embodiment of the dispensing mode of the present utility model;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the dispenser of the present utility model;
FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the dispenser of the present utility model;
fig. 16 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the dispenser of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
The utility model provides an automatic feeding method for large-scale fish farm cultivation feeds, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: wind delivery: driving air flow conveying;
step 2: and (3) feed feeding and mixing: mixing the fed feed with the gas, and then conveying and flowing along with the gas;
step 3: and (3) feeding at different points: presetting feeding time, monitoring feed transportation conditions, automatically selecting a target feeding port according to feeding requirements, carrying out centralized feeding, and recording feeding time and feeding quantity;
step 4: sowing feed: sowing the feed on the water surface of the feeding point;
step 5: switching a feeding port: after the feeding at one feeding point is finished, stopping feeding, automatically switching to the next target feeding port according to a preset instruction, and continuing feeding.
In the step 5, the feed is stopped by releasing the air pressure to temporarily stop the feed.
Based on the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed, the second aspect of the utility model provides a feeding device of the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed, and the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed is operated, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding device specifically comprises a conveying mechanism 1, a feeding mechanism 2, a distributor 3, a feeding pipeline 4, a spreader 5 and an electrical control cabinet 9;
the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the feeding mechanism 2, the feeding mechanism 2 is connected with the distributor 3, the distributor 3 is connected with the feeding pipeline 4, and the tail end of the feeding pipeline 4 is connected with the sowing device 5;
the conveying mechanism 1 is used for conveying air in the step 1, providing air flow and driving feed to be conveyed;
the feeding mechanism 2 is used for mixing the feed in the step 2 and uniformly mixing the added feed and gas;
the distributor 3 and the feeding pipeline 4 are used for conveying feed at different points in the step 3, and the distributor automatically switches feeding points and conveys the feed;
the spreader 5 is used for spreading the feed in the step 4, and the spreader 5 is connected with the feeding pipeline 4 and is used for rotationally spreading the feed to a feeding point;
the electrical control cabinet 9 is used for the steps 1-3, and the electrical control cabinet 9 remotely controls wind conveying, feed mixing and automatic switching of feeding ports.
According to the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed feeding device, high-pressure air flow is conveyed through the conveying mechanism 1, after the feed mechanism 2 fully mixes feed and air, a single feeding port is selected by the distributor 3 and is communicated with the corresponding feeding pipeline 4, the feed is conveyed to the sowing device 5 at the tail end of the feeding pipeline 4, and the sowing device 5 rotates to sowing the feed to a target feeding point. The feeding mechanism 2 and the distributor 3 are automatically controlled, the feeding amount of the feeding mechanism 2 is automatically adjusted according to the instruction, the distributor 3 is controlled to distribute any feeding port, and the feeding amount and the feed conveying condition are monitored and recorded.
The utility model further provides a detailed description of each device involved in the large-scale fish farm cultivation feed feeding device.
Conveying mechanism 1
In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 1 is a Roots blower, the Roots blower transmits the air flow with moderate pressure, preferably, the air outlet of the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with a muffler 6, and the muffler 6 is located between the conveying mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 2, so as to reduce noise; in order to reduce the air delivery temperature of the conveying mechanism 1 and avoid the influence of the excessive air flow temperature on feed transmission, the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with an air cooler 7, and the air cooler 7 is positioned between the conveying mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 2 so as to reduce the air temperature. The conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, and the wind power of the conveying mechanism 1 can be controlled remotely.
Charging machineStructure 2
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a feed storage bin 21, a mixer 22, and a feeder 23;
(1) Feed storage bin 21
Feed is added from the feed inlet of the feed storage bin 21, and the feed storage bin 21 can store a large amount of feed for feed delivery. In this embodiment, the temperature transmitter 84 and the humidity transmitter 82 are arranged in the feed storage bin 21, so as to monitor the humidity and the temperature in the bin, avoid the caking of the feed in the bin, and influence the feed transmission. The fodder storage bin 21 is connected with a weighing instrument 25, and can intuitively record the fodder feeding amount according to the change of the fodder amount in the bin. A level controller 26 is arranged in the feed storage bin 21 and is used for monitoring the lowest storage amount in the bin and reminding an operator of timely feeding.
The temperature transmitter 84, the humidity transmitter 82 and the weighing instrument 25 are connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, and the feed condition and the feeding amount are monitored in real time.
The outlet of the feed storage bin 21 is provided with a plugboard 24, the falling amount of feed in the bin can be controlled by controlling the insertion amount of the plugboard 24 at the outlet, and the plugboard 24 can be plugged at the outlet according to maintenance or other requirements to stop feeding.
(2) Mixer 22
The mixer 22 is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism 1 and the feed storage bin 21, the mixer 22 is an existing device, in this embodiment, the mixer 22 is a mixing injector of model HTP-100 manufactured by Jiangyin Huatian technology development limited company, so that the feed and the air flowing at high speed are fully and uniformly mixed, and the feed and the air are mixed and rapidly advance.
(3) Feeder 23
The feeder 23 is located between the feed storage bin 21 and the mixer 22, as shown in fig. 3-4, the feeder 23 includes a cavity 231, a feed inlet 232, a discharge chassis 233, a rotary impeller 234, a rotary mechanism 235, and a cone 236; in this embodiment, the feeding port 232 is located at the top of the cavity 231, the rotating mechanism 235 is a motor driving output shaft to rotate, and the rotating impeller 234 is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating mechanism 235 through the cone 236; the rotary impeller 234 and the cone 236 rotate continuously along with the output shaft, the rotary impeller 234 has a plurality of chambers, preferably 6 chambers, the discharging chassis 233 is located at the bottom of the cavity 231, the discharging chassis 233 is provided with a discharging hole 2331, and the feed falls out from the discharging hole 2331.
The feeder 23 outputs the feed evenly and continuously, and the discharge amount is changed by changing the rotation speed, so that the problems of uneven feed mixing and pipeline blockage caused by too much dropped feed in the feed storage bin 21 and blockage of the mixer 22 are avoided.
The cavity 231 is provided with a partition 237 and a rotary blade 238, the cavity 231 is divided into an upper layer of dispersion cavity and a lower layer of dispersion cavity, and the partition 237 is provided with a middle outlet 2371; the rotating mechanism 235 passes through the partition 237, and the rotating blades 238 are fixed to the rotating mechanism 235 by the cones 236; the fodder falls into the cavity 231 from the pan feeding mouth 232, pushes the fodder to the intermediate outlet 2371 through the rotating impeller 234, then enters into the rotating impeller 234, and after the fodder rotates 180 degrees in the rotating impeller 234, the fodder is discharged from the discharge hole 2331, and the lower conveying gas can be prevented from entering the upper bin by the rotation of the rotating impeller 234, and can be continuously discharged.
Preferably, the opening positions of the middle outlet 2371 and the discharge outlet 2331 are staggered, so that the difference between the positions of the middle outlet 2371 and the discharge outlet 2331 is 180 degrees, and the conveying air flow is prevented from entering the upper bin from the material outlet.
The rotating mechanism 235 is connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, the rotating speed of the impeller and the blades can be controlled by controlling the rotating of the rotating mechanism 235 through a terminal, the feeding speed can be controlled, and the rotating mechanism 235 can be closed to stop feeding.
Distributor 3
As shown in fig. 5-6, the dispenser 3 includes a frame 31, a nozzle 311, a fixed base 312, feeding ports 3121, a rotary feed pipe 32, and a rotary driving mechanism 33, wherein the nozzle 311 and the fixed base 312 are respectively located at two ends of the frame 31, the number of the feeding ports 3121 is several, 3-12 feeding ports 3121 can be made according to the feeding point condition of the fishing ground, and the feeding ports 3121 are located on the fixed base 312; one end of the rotary feed pipe 32 is fixed on the pipe receiving opening 311; the rotary drive mechanism 33 is connected to the rotary feed pipe 32. The rotary feed delivery pipe 32 is rotated to the target feeding port 3121 by the rotation driving mechanism 33, and then feeds are delivered from the feeding port 3121. The rotary driving mechanism 33 is connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, and controls the switch and the rotation angle of the rotary driving mechanism 33, so that the purpose of automatic distribution and feeding is achieved.
Since the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 needs to be separated from the feed inlet 3121 when the feed point is switched, and if the gas is continuously delivered, the feed is sprayed out from the rotary feed delivery pipe 32, so that a large amount of feed remains in the frame 31, the gas is temporarily cut off when the feed point is switched, and the feed mechanism 1 needs to be frequently switched due to the need of switching the feed, so that a long standby time is required, even equipment is damaged, and the feed efficiency is greatly reduced. A pressure release valve 81 is provided between the conveying mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 2, and when the distributor 3 is switched to connect the feeding port, the air pressure generated by the conveying mechanism 1 is removed, and the flow of the feed can be temporarily stopped without stopping the air-conveying operation of the conveying mechanism 1. The pressure release valve 81 is connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, and can cooperate with the rotation time of the rotary conveying pipe 32 to work in a linkage manner, so that the work efficiency of distributing and feeding is improved.
By rotating the rotary feed conveying pipe 32, the rotary feed conveying pipe 32 is rotated to the feeding port 3121 at the corresponding position, feed is supplied to the single feeding port 3121, in order to ensure the accuracy of docking, as shown in fig. 7, the rotary feed conveying pipe 32 is provided with a sensing rod 321, the rack 31 is provided with a plurality of position sensors 316, the position sensors 316 are installed at the corresponding positions of the respective feeding ports 3121, the position sensors 316 are connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, when the rotary feed conveying pipe 32 is rotated to the target position, the position sensors 316 can sense the sensing rod 321, and if the docking position is inaccurate, the position sensors 316 will immediately send out a signal to warn that the docking of the terminal is wrong.
The following are two examples of the manner of distribution of the individual feeding points:
the schematic diagrams shown in fig. 5-8 are embodiment one:
in this embodiment, after the rotary conveying pipe 32 rotates to the target position, the rotary conveying pipe 32 is disconnected from or contacted with the feeding port 3121 through the pneumatic telescopic mechanism, and when the rotary conveying pipe 32 rotates, the rotary conveying pipe 32 does not contact with the feeding port 3121, so as to reduce damage of devices, and the specific docking mode and principle are as follows:
rotation of the rotary feed conveyor pipe:
the rotation driving mechanism 33 includes a motor 331, a first gear 321, and a second gear 333; the first gear 321 is connected to the motor 331, and the first gear 321 is meshed with the second gear 333; the second gear 333 is fixed to the rotary feed conveyor pipe 32. The first gear 321 rotates along with the driving action of the motor 331, the second gear 333 drives the rotary conveying pipe 32 to rotate to the target position, and the motor 331 controls the rotation direction of the first gear 321 to arbitrarily switch the rotation direction of the rotary conveying pipe 32.
The rotary conveying pipe 32 is a hard pipe, and has a supporting function, and in order to further enhance the stability of the rotation of the rotary conveying pipe 32, a reinforcing pipe 313 is sleeved between the second gear 333 and the rotary conveying pipe 32, so as to enhance the rotation stability and the supporting capability of the rotary conveying pipe 32. A support beam 314 may be disposed in the frame 31, and the rotary feed pipe 32 passes through the support beam 314 to support the rotary feed pipe 32.
Docking of feeding ports:
the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 rotates with the rotary drive mechanism 33 to the feeding port 3121, and feed is delivered to the feeding port 3121 through the rotary feed delivery pipe 32. When the rotary feed pipe 32 switches between different feeding ports 3121, the rotary feed pipe 32 does not contact the contact surface of the feeding port 3121, and the feeding tightness is not affected.
The end of the rotary conveying pipe 32 is fixed with a pneumatic telescopic mechanism 34, and the pneumatic telescopic mechanism 34 comprises a telescopic pipe 341, 2 air pipe connectors 342 and a fixing piece 343; the fixing piece 343 is fixed at the end of the rotary conveying pipe 32, the telescopic pipe 341 is located in the fixing piece 343, a sliding cavity is formed between the telescopic pipe 341 and the fixing piece 343, and 2 air pipe connectors 342 are respectively located at two ends of the telescopic pipe 341.
When the telescopic tube 341 needs to be connected to the feeding port 3121, one of the air pipe connectors 342 is inflated, the air pushes the telescopic tube 341 to slide in the sliding cavity, and the telescopic tube 341 extends out of the fixing piece 343 and is in butt joint with the feeding port 3121;
when the telescopic tube 341 needs to be disconnected from the feeding port 3121, the other air pipe joint 342 is inflated, and the air pushes the telescopic tube 341 to retract into the fixing member 343.
The feeding port 3121 is provided with a sealing ring 3122, so that the tightness of the feed conveyed after the telescopic pipe 341 is connected is enhanced, the telescopic pipe 341 rotates after being disconnected from the feeding port 3121, friction with the sealing ring 3122 is reduced, and the service life of the sealing ring 3122 is prolonged.
In order to avoid the damage to equipment due to the overlarge expansion distance of the telescopic tube 341 caused by the overlarge air pressure of the air tube connector 342, the telescopic tube 341 is provided with a limiting block 344, the limiting block 344 is positioned in the sliding cavity and plays a limiting role on the telescopic tube 341, so that the telescopic tube 341 slides in a reasonable range, and the expansion stroke of the telescopic tube 341 in the embodiment is 20mm.
The schematic diagrams shown in fig. 9-13 are embodiment two:
in this embodiment, the rotary feeding pipe 32 is fixed to the turntable, and the rotary driving mechanism 33 drives the turntable to rotate, so that the rotary feeding pipe 32 rotates to the corresponding feeding port 3121, and the specific docking mode and principle are as follows:
rotation of the rotary feed conveyor pipe:
the rotary driving mechanism 33 comprises a motor 331 and a rotary table 334, and the rotary table 334 is fixed on an output shaft of the motor 331; the turntable 334 is located above the fixed base 312, the turntable 334 is provided with an interface 3341, the tail end of the rotary conveying pipe 32 is fixed on the interface 3341, preferably, the rotary conveying pipe 32 is fixed by a first fastener 37, the first fastener 37 can be a screw, a nut or a bolt, etc., the rotary conveying pipe 32 can be detached from the turntable 334 by the first fastener 37, and the detachable fixing mode is convenient for later maintenance or pipe replacement. The motor 331 controls the rotation direction of the turntable 334 to be switched at will.
The rotary conveying pipe 32 rotates along with the turntable 334 by taking the connection pipe port 311 as a pivot, if the rotary conveying pipe 32 at the connection pipe port 311 is unstable, the rotary conveying pipe 32 moves in the rotation process, and the feed transmission is affected. The connecting pipe opening 311 is provided with a fastening ring 317, the rotary conveying pipe 32 is inserted into the fastening ring 317, and an elastic piece 318 is arranged between the fastening ring 317 and the connecting pipe opening 311, so as to play a role in buffering. The connecting pipe opening 311 is also fixed with a fixed pipe 315, the rotary conveying pipe 32 is inserted into the fixed pipe 315, and the rotary conveying pipe 32 fixed at the connecting pipe opening 311 is convenient for long-term rotation of the rotary conveying pipe 32.
Docking of feeding ports:
in the process that the turntable 334 drives the rotary conveying pipe 32 to rotate, in order to ensure the stability of the turntable 334, it is required to limit the turntable 334: the fixed base 312 is fixed with a limiting device 35 through a second fastening piece 352, the limiting device 35 comprises a first bearing 351 and a fixed shaft 353, the rotary disc 334 is located between the first bearing 351 and the fixed base 312, the first bearing 351 rotates on the fixed shaft 353 along with the rotation of the rotary disc 334 and plays a limiting role on the rotary disc 334, and the shaking of the rotary disc 334 is limited under the condition that the rotation of the rotary disc 334 is not affected. The height of the first bearing 351 can be adjusted by the second fastening member 352, so that the compression degree of the first bearing 351 on the turntable 334 can be adjusted.
The fixed base 312 is provided with an inflatable sealing ring 36, the inflatable sealing ring 36 is located at two sides of the feeding port 3121, the inflatable sealing ring 36 is connected with a ventilation pipe 361, and the ventilation pipe 361 is connected with a pneumatic control valve 362 and is automatically inflated or deflated. When the rotary feed conveying pipe 32 is in butt joint with the feeding port 3121 and conveys feed, the air pipe 361 inflates the air-charging sealing ring 36 through the pneumatic control valve 362, so that the air tightness between the joint 3341 and the feeding port 3121 is enhanced; during rotation to switch the feeding point, the inflatable sealing ring 36 is deflated so that the turntable 334 does not contact the fixed base 312 during rotation, avoiding damaging the sealing device.
Feeding pipe 4
The number of the feeding pipelines 4 is several, and two ends of the feeding pipelines 4 are respectively connected with the corresponding feeding ports 3121 and the spreader 5.
Sowing implement 5
14-16, the spreader 5 comprises a fixed feeding pipeline 51, a rotary pipeline 52, a rotary mechanism 53 and a rotary discharging pipe 54; the fixed feeding pipe 51 is fixed at the end of the feeding pipe 4; the rotary pipe 52 is located below the fixed feed pipe 51;
the rotation mechanism 53 includes a second bearing 531, a third fastener 533, and a fixing case 534; the fixed housing 534 is fixed to the rotary pipe 52 by the third fastening member 533, and the second bearing 531 is located between the fixed feed pipe 51 and the fixed housing 534. The rotary discharging pipe 54 drives the fixed housing 534 to rotate by using the fixed feeding pipe 51 as a fulcrum through the second bearing 531, preferably, the rotary mechanism 53 further includes a sealing member 532, the sealing member 532 includes 2 sealing rings 5321 and a rotating shaft 5322,2, the sealing rings 5321 are respectively located at two ends of the rotating shaft 5322, 1 sealing ring 5321 is in contact with the fixed feeding pipe 51, and the other sealing ring 5321 is in contact with the fixed housing 534. When the rotary discharging pipe 54 rotates, 2 sealing rings 5321 rotate on the rotating shaft 5322, the sealing piece 532 is a ceramic sealing piece, the friction force of the ceramic is small and the ceramic is wear-resistant, so that the rotary friction force can be reduced, and the sealing performance of the rotary mechanism 53 is enhanced. The rotary structure of the combination of the second bearing 531 and the sealing member 532 reduces the rotation resistance of the rotary discharge pipe 54, and the feed is quickly spread in a rotary manner.
The rotary discharging pipes 54 are a plurality of, the rotary discharging pipes 54 are connected with the rotary pipeline 52, the rotary discharging pipes 54 are preferably 4, after the feed enters the sowing device 5, the feed is sprayed out of the rotary discharging pipes 54, the rotary discharging pipes 54 are rapidly rotated under the action of the reverse force of sprayed gas, so that the sowing range of the feed is larger, and the rotary discharging pipes 54 can be more firmly rotated by 4.
The end of the rotary pipeline 52 is provided with a feed distribution box 55, feed falls into the feed distribution box 55 through the rotary pipeline 52, the feed distribution box 55 is provided with a plurality of distribution chambers, the number of the distribution chambers corresponds to that of the rotary discharge pipes 54, the rotary discharge pipes 54 are communicated with the corresponding distribution chambers, the feed is transmitted from each distribution chamber to the corresponding rotary discharge pipe 54 and is scattered from the scattering port of the rotary discharge pipe 54, the feed can be uniformly distributed to each rotary discharge pipe 54, and the feed is prevented from being concentrated in one of the rotary discharge pipes 54, so that the feed scattering field is more uniform.
The rotatory discharging pipe 54 is equipped with screw thread and fixed plate, but adjustable installation angle, according to the feeding point area and the demand of throwing something and feeding, changes and spreads the distance, avoids the fodder to throw the scope of feeding too concentrated, leads to appearing scattering inhomogeneous, the crowded problem of shoal.
The conveying mechanism 1 continuously works, and parameters such as air pressure, humidity and the like need to be monitored for each section of the feeding device, so that the abnormality of the air pressure, the humidity and the temperature is prevented, and the feed conveying is prevented from being influenced. The respective devices can be connected through the air supply duct 8: the conveying mechanism 1 is sequentially connected with the mixer 21 and the distributor 3 through the air supply pipeline 8, an air outlet of the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the silencer 6 through the air supply pipeline 8, the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the air cooler 7 through the air supply pipeline 8, and the air cooler 7 is connected with the mixer 21 through the air supply pipeline 8.
Pressure transmitters 83 are respectively arranged at both sides of the air cooler 7 and between the mixer 21 and the distributor 3, and are used for respectively monitoring the output air pressure of the conveying mechanism 1, the air pressure after the air cooling treatment and the conveying pressure after the feed and the air are mixed, so that the abnormal air pressure of each section during the air flow and the feed conveying can be found as soon as possible; temperature transmitters 84 are arranged on two sides of the air cooler 7 and used for monitoring the temperature of the gas before and after the air cooler 7 processes, so as to avoid abnormal air temperature; a flow transmitter 85 is arranged between the mixer 21 and the distributor 3, and monitors the feed running amount before distributing the feed; a humidity transmitter 82 is arranged between the conveying mechanism 1 and the mixer 21, the humidity of the gas is monitored, if the humidity is abnormal, the intervention is performed as soon as possible, the feed is prevented from being wetted, the pipeline is blocked due to adhesion and agglomeration, and the feeding is influenced; for the installation of being convenient for monitor and instrument, above-mentioned each changer all is connected on the air supply pipeline 8, humidity transmitter 82 pressure transmitter 83 temperature transmitter 84 flow transmitter 85 all with electrical control cabinet 9 is connected, can be at the terminal real-time supervision fodder parameter such as atmospheric pressure, humidity, temperature, feed flow when transmitting, discovers unusual in time intervention.
According to the large-scale fish farm breeding feed feeding device, the feeding speed is controlled by arranging the feeder 23, so that the excessive blockage of the mixer 22 by the feeding amount of the feed storage bin 21 is avoided, the conveying amount of 3-8 tons per hour can be realized, and the adjustable range of the conveying amount of the feed is large; the feed is quantitatively fed into the mixer 22, is sprayed into the gas below by the mixer 22, and is uniformly mixed, and then is conveyed into the distributor 3 along with the gas, the rotary conveying pipe 32 is driven by the rotary driving mechanism 33 to rotate to any feeding port 3121, is communicated with the corresponding feeding pipeline 4, and conveys the feed into the end of the spreader 5, the spreader 5 continuously rotates under the reaction force of the gas to spread the feed, and the spreading amount per hour can reach 3-8 tons. Through setting up electrical control cabinet 9 to with the equipment such as feeder 23, distributor 3, relief valve 81 and various transmitters are connected, can realize automatic control feed volume and throw the switching of feeding point, and can the real-time supervision fodder condition of throwing something and feeding.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The large-scale fishing ground cultivation feed feeding device is characterized by running an automatic feeding method, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: wind delivery: driving gas delivery;
step 2: and (3) feed feeding and mixing: mixing the fed feed with the gas, and then conveying and flowing along with the gas;
step 3: and (3) feeding at different points: presetting feeding time, monitoring feed transportation conditions, automatically selecting a target feeding port according to feeding requirements, carrying out centralized feeding, and recording feeding time and feeding quantity;
step 4: sowing feed: sowing the feed on the water surface of the feeding point;
step 5: switching a feeding port: stopping feeding after feeding at one feeding point, automatically switching to a next target feeding port according to a preset instruction, and continuing feeding;
the automatic feeding device comprises a conveying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a distributor, a feeding pipeline, a spreader and an electrical control cabinet;
the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor, the distributor is connected with the feeding pipeline, and the tail end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the sowing device; the electrical control cabinet is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism, the feeding mechanism and the distributor;
the conveying mechanism is used for conveying air in the step 1, providing air flow and driving feed to be conveyed;
the feeding mechanism is used for mixing the feed in the step 2 and uniformly mixing the added feed and gas;
the distributor and the feeding pipeline are used for conveying feed at different points in the step 3, and the distributor automatically switches the feeding points and conveys the feed;
the sowing device is used for sowing the feed in the step 4, is connected with the feeding pipeline and is used for rotatably sowing the feed to the feeding point;
the electric control cabinet is used for the steps 1-3, and the electric control cabinet remotely controls wind conveying, feed mixing and automatic switching of feeding ports;
the distributor comprises a frame, a pipe receiving opening, a fixed base, a feeding opening, a rotary conveying pipe and a rotary driving mechanism; the pipe receiving ports and the fixed bases are respectively positioned at two ends of the frame, the number of the feeding ports is several, and the feeding ports are positioned on the fixed bases; one end of the rotary conveying pipe is fixed on the pipe receiving opening; the rotary driving mechanism is connected with the rotary conveying pipe;
the rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor and a turntable, and the turntable is fixed on an output shaft of the motor; the rotary table is positioned above the fixed base and is provided with an interface, and the tail end of the rotary conveying pipe is fixed on the interface;
the rotary conveying pipe is inserted into the fixed pipe;
the fixed base is fixed with a limiting device through a second fastening piece, the limiting device comprises a first bearing and a fixed shaft, the rotary table is positioned between the first bearing and the fixed base, and the first bearing rotates on the fixed shaft along with the rotation of the rotary table and plays a limiting role on the rotary table;
the fixed base is provided with an inflatable sealing ring, the inflatable sealing ring is positioned at two sides of the feeding port, the inflatable sealing ring is connected with a vent pipe, and the vent pipe is connected with a pneumatic control valve and is automatically inflated or deflated; when the rotary conveying pipe is in butt joint with the feeding port and conveys feed, the ventilation pipe inflates the inflatable sealing ring through the pneumatic control valve, so that the air tightness between the joint and the feeding port is enhanced; when the feeding point is switched in rotation, the inflatable sealing ring is deflated, so that the turntable is not contacted with the fixed base when rotating;
the feeding mechanism comprises a feeder, wherein the feeder comprises a cavity, a feeding port, a discharging chassis, a rotary impeller, a rotating mechanism and a cone; the feeding port is positioned at the top of the cavity; the rotary impeller is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating mechanism through the cone; the discharging chassis is positioned at the bottom of the cavity, and is provided with a discharging hole.
2. A large farm cultivation feed feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the rotary feed conveyor pipe is provided with an induction rod, the frame is provided with a plurality of position sensors, and the position sensors are arranged at corresponding positions of the feeding ports.
3. A large farm cultivation feed throwing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said feeding mechanism comprises a feed storage bin and a mixer; the mixer is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism and the feed storage bin.
4. The large farm cultivation feed throwing apparatus of claim 1, wherein said spreader includes a fixed feed pipe, a rotary mechanism and a rotary discharge pipe; the fixed feeding pipeline is fixed at the tail end of the feeding pipeline; the rotary pipeline is positioned below the fixed feeding pipeline; the rotating mechanism comprises a second bearing, a third fastener and a fixed shell; the fixed housing is fixed on the rotary pipeline through the third fastener, and the second bearing is positioned between the fixed feeding pipeline and the fixed housing.
5. A large farm cultivation feed feeding device according to claim 4, wherein the rotating mechanism further comprises a sealing member, the sealing member comprises 2 sealing rings and a rotating shaft, 2 sealing rings are respectively located at two ends of the rotating shaft, 1 sealing ring is in contact with the fixed feeding pipeline, and the other sealing ring is in contact with the fixed housing.
6. A large farm aquaculture feed feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the conveyor is connected with a silencer, said silencer being located between the conveyor and the feeding mechanism.
7. A large farm aquaculture feed feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor is connected with an air cooler, the air cooler being located between the conveyor and the feeding mechanism.
8. The large-scale fishing farm cultivation feed throwing and feeding device according to claim 1, wherein a pressure release valve is arranged between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism, and the pressure release valve is connected with the electrical control cabinet.
9. A large farm cultivation feed throwing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said feed storage bin is connected with a weighing instrument, said weighing instrument being connected with said electrical control cabinet.
10. The large farm cultivation feed feeding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an air supply duct; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism through the air supply pipeline, and the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor through the air supply pipeline; the air supply pipeline is connected with a humidity transmitter, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a flow transmitter, wherein the humidity transmitter, the pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter and the flow transmitter are connected with the electrical control cabinet.
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| CN2022103485422 | 2022-04-01 | ||
| CN202210348542 | 2022-04-01 |
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| CN102550466A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-07-11 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Remote feeding system for aquaculture |
| CN107743906B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-09-06 | 山东广为海洋科技有限公司 | Aquafarm feeds system automatically |
| CN113243327A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-13 | 湖北海洋工程装备研究院有限公司 | Feed feeding system |
| CN215454755U (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-01-11 | 青海民泽龙羊峡生态水殖有限公司 | Movable automatic bait casting device for net cage |
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