CN115399273A - Automatic feeding method and device for large-scale fishery breeding feed - Google Patents

Automatic feeding method and device for large-scale fishery breeding feed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115399273A
CN115399273A CN202210790683.XA CN202210790683A CN115399273A CN 115399273 A CN115399273 A CN 115399273A CN 202210790683 A CN202210790683 A CN 202210790683A CN 115399273 A CN115399273 A CN 115399273A
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feeding
feed
rotary
fixed
pipeline
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CN115399273B (en
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谢田
程继斌
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Jiangyin Huatian Technology Development Co ltd
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Jiangyin Huatian Technology Development Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80Feeding devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic feeding method and a feeding device for breeding feed in a large-scale fishery, wherein the automatic feeding method comprises the following steps of 1: wind transportation; step 2: feeding and mixing the feed; and 3, step 3: the feed is conveyed in different points; and 4, step 4: spreading feed; and 5: and switching the feeding port. The feeding device comprises a conveying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a distributor, a feeding pipeline, a spreader and an electrical control cabinet. High-pressure airflow is conveyed by the conveying mechanism, the feed and the gas are fully mixed by the feeding mechanism, the target feeding opening is switched by the distributor, the feed is conveyed to the spreader at the tail end of the feeding pipeline, and the feed is spread to a target feeding point by the spreader in a rotating way. The invention meets the requirement of large feeding area of large-scale marine fishery, sets a plurality of feeding points, can switch feeding, and can meet different feeding requirements of each feeding point in a targeted manner; the feed amount of the feed is controlled, and the feed is kept to be smoothly conveyed; the feed transmission condition and the feeding amount condition of each feeding point are monitored, and the feeding work of a fishery is convenient to manage.

Description

Automatic feeding method and device for large-scale fishery breeding feed
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic feeding method for aquaculture feed in a large-scale fishery and a feeding device applying the production method.
Background
The deep open sea fishery breeding platform is the direction of marine fishery development, and in order to realize comprehensive upgrade and automatic development of marine fishery development, an automatic feed feeding system is one of key devices for developing the deep open sea fishery breeding platform. Because the area of the fishing ground is large and the breeding density is high, the feed throwing and feeding device on the bank side is generally adopted for simultaneous centralized feeding.
The large-scale marine fishery has large distribution area, the feeding points are generally arranged more, the cultured fishes at each feeding point are influenced by different factors such as variety, breeding age and the like, the feeding amount of each feeding point is different, if the fishes are simultaneously fed in a centralized manner, the fishes cannot be fed in different feeding points in a weight mode, and the feeding points are arranged more. Meanwhile, feeding can cause feed shunting, and in order to ensure that each feeding point transmits enough feed, the work load of feed supply and feed transmission is large.
As the Chinese utility model patent: a multifunctional feed feeder convenient to manage (notice number: CN 212260162U) discloses a feeding scheme: the material drives the blanking device through the first motor to carry out blanking on the second blanking pipe, one end of the second blanking pipe is connected with the fan, the other end of the second blanking pipe is connected with the material throwing plate through the first blanking pipe, the material is directly conveyed into the material throwing plate through the blanking pipe under the action of the fan, and the material throwing plate rotates under the action of the second motor to evenly throw the material.
Although the dynamics of throwing the feed has been solved to above-mentioned scheme is difficult to control, leads to throwing the material scheduling problem evenly inadequately, but the device of throwing something and feeding storage fodder volume is too little, needs carry out the throwing something and feeding of each point of throwing something and feeding through artifical thrust unit, and it is slow to throw something and feed speed, can't satisfy the large-scale demand of throwing something and feeding of large-scale ocean fishery, and can't throw the material in a definite quantity, is difficult to manage the volume of throwing something and feeding of each point of throwing something and feeding of fishery.
Therefore, how to improve the feeding efficiency, especially meeting the feeding requirement of the aquaculture feed in large-scale marine fisheries, is an important subject for improving the automation and modernization of the fish aquaculture industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an automatic feeding method for large-scale fishery aquaculture feed, and designs a large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device on the basis of the automatic feeding method, so that long-term fixed-point and quantitative feeding of a large-area fishery is realized, and random switching of different feeding points can be realized.
The invention provides an automatic feeding method of large-scale fishery aquaculture feed, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: wind transportation: driving air flow to convey;
step 2: feed putting and mixing: after the feed is mixed with the gas, the feed flows along with the gas;
and step 3: and (3) feed delivery in different points: presetting feeding time, monitoring the feed transportation condition, automatically selecting a target feeding port according to feeding requirements, carrying out centralized feeding, and recording feeding time and feeding amount;
and 4, step 4: and (3) spreading feed: spreading the feed to a feeding point;
and 5: switching a feeding port: and after the feeding of one feeding point is finished, stopping material conveying, automatically switching to the next target feeding port according to a preset instruction, and continuously feeding.
In the step 5, the feed delivery is stopped by releasing the air pressure, and the feed delivery is temporarily stopped.
Based on the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fishery aquaculture feed, the second aspect of the invention provides a large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device, and the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fishery aquaculture feed is operated, and the automatic feeding device specifically comprises a conveying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a distributor, a feeding pipeline, a spreader and an electrical control cabinet;
the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor, the distributor is connected with the feeding pipeline, and the tail end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the spreader; the electric control cabinet is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism, the feeding mechanism and the distributor.
The conveying mechanism is used for conveying air in the step 1, providing air flow and driving the feed to be conveyed;
the feeding mechanism is used for mixing the feed in the step 2 and uniformly mixing the added feed and the gas;
the distributor and the feeding pipeline are used for conveying the feed at different points in the step 3, and the distributor automatically switches feeding points and transmits the feed;
the spreader is used for spreading the feed in the step 4, is connected with the feeding pipeline and rotationally spreads the feed to the water surface of a feeding point;
and the electrical control cabinet is used for remotely controlling the automatic switching of air delivery, feed mixing and feeding in steps 1-3.
As a further improvement of the invention, the distributor comprises a frame, a pipe connecting port, a fixed base, a feeding port, a rotary conveying pipe and a rotary driving mechanism; the receiving pipe openings and the fixed base are respectively positioned at two ends of the rack, a plurality of feeding openings are formed, and the feeding openings are positioned on the fixed base; one end of the rotary material conveying pipe is fixed on the pipe connecting opening; the rotary driving mechanism is connected with the rotary conveying pipe.
Preferably, the rotary material conveying pipe is provided with an induction rod, the rack is provided with a plurality of position sensors, and the position sensors are arranged at corresponding positions of the feeding openings.
Still further, the rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor, a first gear and a second gear; the first gear is connected with the motor, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the second gear is fixed on the rotary conveying pipe.
Still further, the rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor and a rotary table, and the rotary table is fixed on an output shaft of the motor; the rotary table is positioned above the fixed base and provided with a port, and the tail end of the rotary conveying pipeline is fixed on the port.
As a further improvement of the invention, the feeding mechanism comprises a feed storage bin and a mixer; the mixer is connected with the conveying mechanism and the feed storage bin respectively.
Further, the feeding mechanism further comprises a feeder positioned between the feed storage bin and the mixer; the feeder comprises a cavity, a feeding hole, a discharging chassis, a rotary impeller, a rotating mechanism and a cone; the feeding port is positioned at the top of the cavity; the rotary impeller is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating mechanism through the cone; the discharging base plate is positioned at the bottom of the cavity and is provided with a discharging hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the spreader comprises a fixed feeding pipeline, a rotary mechanism and a rotary discharging pipe; the fixed feeding pipeline is fixed at the tail end of the feeding pipeline; the rotary pipeline is positioned below the fixed feeding pipeline; the rotating mechanism comprises a second bearing, a third fastener and a fixed shell; the fixed shell is fixed on the rotating pipeline through the third fastener, and the second bearing is located between the fixed feeding pipeline and the fixed shell.
Preferably, rotary mechanism still includes the sealing member, the sealing member includes 2 sealing washers and pivot, 2 the sealing washer is located respectively the both ends of pivot, 1 the sealing washer with fixed charge-in pipeline contact, another the sealing washer with fixed casing contact.
As a further improvement of the invention, an air outlet of the conveying mechanism is connected with a silencer, and the silencer is positioned between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism.
As a further improvement of the invention, the conveying mechanism is connected with an air cooler which is positioned between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism.
As a further improvement of the invention, a pressure relief valve is arranged between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism and is connected with the electrical control cabinet.
As a further improvement of the invention, the feed storage bin is connected with a weighing instrument, and the weighing instrument is connected with the electric control cabinet.
As a further improvement of the invention, the air supply device also comprises an air supply pipeline; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism through the air supply pipeline, and the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor through the air supply pipeline; the air supply pipeline is connected with a humidity transmitter, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a flow transmitter, and the humidity transmitter, the pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter and the flow transmitter are all connected with the electrical control cabinet.
The invention is characterized in that the switchable single-point feeding mode is adopted, the feed is distributed to the single feeding points to be fed in a centralized mode and fed, after the single-point feeding is finished, the switching is continued to the next target feeding point to continue feeding, compared with the mode of feeding by a plurality of feeding points at the same time, the single-point feeding has strong pertinence on the actual feeding requirement of each feeding point, the quantitative feeding can be carried out according to different feeding amounts of each feeding point, the feeding amount is recorded, and the automatic feeding management is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the requirement of large feeding area of a large-scale marine fishery is met, a plurality of feeding points are arranged, the single-point feeding mode can be switched, and different feeding requirements of each feeding point are met in a targeted manner; the feed quantity of the feed is controlled, the feed is smoothly conveyed, and the blockage of pipelines due to feed caking is avoided; the environmental condition of feed transmission and the feeding amount condition of each feeding point can be monitored in real time, and the feeding work of a fishery is convenient to manage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall front view of a large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the charging mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the feeder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the discharge pan of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a mounting base according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic retracting mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a pneumatic retracting mechanism according to a first embodiment of the dispensing system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a second embodiment of the dispensing form of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a mounting base according to a second dispensing embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a control gas circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the spreader of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the spreader of the present invention;
fig. 16 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the spreader of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The invention provides an automatic feeding method of large-scale fishery aquaculture feed, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: wind transportation: driving the air flow to convey;
step 2: feed putting and mixing: after the feed is mixed with the gas, the feed flows along with the gas;
and step 3: and (3) feed delivery in different points: presetting feeding time, monitoring the feed transportation condition, automatically selecting a target feeding opening according to feeding requirements, carrying out centralized feeding, and recording feeding time and feeding amount;
and 4, step 4: and (3) spreading feed: spreading the feed on the water surface of a feeding point;
and 5: switching a feeding port: and after the feeding of one feeding point is finished, stopping material conveying, automatically switching to the next target feeding port according to a preset instruction, and continuously feeding.
In the step 5, the feed delivery is stopped by releasing the pressure of the air, so that the feed delivery is temporarily stopped.
Based on the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fishery aquaculture feed, the second aspect of the invention provides a large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device, and the automatic feeding method of the large-scale fishery aquaculture feed is operated, as shown in fig. 1, the automatic feeding device specifically comprises a conveying mechanism 1, a feeding mechanism 2, a distributor 3, a feeding pipeline 4, a spreader 5 and an electrical control cabinet 9;
the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the feeding mechanism 2, the feeding mechanism 2 is connected with the distributor 3, the distributor 3 is connected with the feeding pipeline 4, and the tail end of the feeding pipeline 4 is connected with the spreader 5;
the conveying mechanism 1 is used for conveying air in the step 1, providing air flow and driving the feed to be conveyed;
the feeding mechanism 2 is used for mixing the feed in the step 2 and uniformly mixing the added feed and the gas;
the distributor 3 and the feeding pipeline 4 are used for conveying the feed at different points in the step 3, and the distributor automatically switches feeding points and transmits the feed;
the spreader 5 is used for spreading the feed in the step 4, and the spreader 5 is connected with the feeding pipeline 4 and rotationally spreads the feed to a feeding point;
the electrical control cabinet 9 is used for the steps 1-3, and the electrical control cabinet 9 remotely controls the automatic switching of air delivery, feed mixing and feeding.
According to the large-scale fishery culture feed feeding device, high-pressure airflow is conveyed through the conveying mechanism 1, the feeding mechanism 2 is used for fully mixing feed and air, the distributor 3 selects a single feeding opening and is communicated with the corresponding feeding pipeline 4, the feed is conveyed to the spreader 5 at the tail end of the feeding pipeline 4, and the feed is spread to a target feeding point in a rotating mode through the spreader 5. The feeding mechanism 2 and the distributor 3 are automatically controlled to automatically adjust the feeding amount of the feeding mechanism 2 and control the distributor 3 to distribute any feeding opening according to instructions, and the feeding amount and the feed conveying condition are monitored and recorded.
The invention further introduces each device related to the large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device in detail.
Conveying mechanism 1
In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 1 is a roots blower, the roots blower transmits the gas flow at a moderate pressure, preferably, an air outlet of the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with a silencer 6, and the silencer 6 is located between the conveying mechanism 1 and the charging mechanism 2 to reduce noise; in order to reduce the air delivery temperature of the conveying mechanism 1 and avoid the phenomenon that the air flow temperature is too high to influence the feed delivery, the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with an air cooler 7, and the air cooler 7 is positioned between the conveying mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 2 to reduce the air temperature. The conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the electric control cabinet 9, and the wind conveying power of the conveying mechanism 1 can be controlled remotely.
Feeding mechanism 2
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding mechanism 2 comprises a feed storage bin 21, a mixer 22, and a feeder 23;
(1) Feed storage bin 21
Feed is added from a feed inlet of the feed storage 21, and the feed storage 21 can store a large amount of feed for feed delivery. In this embodiment, be equipped with temperature transmitter 84 and humidity transducer 82 in the feed storage storehouse 21, humidity and temperature in the monitoring storehouse avoid the storehouse in the fodder caking, influence the transmission of fodder. The feed storage bin 21 is connected with a weighing instrument 25, and the feed feeding amount can be recorded visually according to the change of the feed amount in the bin. And a material level controller 26 is arranged in the feed storage bin 21 and used for monitoring the lowest material storage amount in the bin and reminding an operator of timely feeding.
The temperature transmitter 84, the humidity transmitter 82 and the weighing instrument 25 are connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, so that the feed condition and the feeding amount are monitored in real time.
The outlet of the feed storage bin 21 is provided with the inserting plate 24, the feed dropping amount in the bin can be controlled by controlling the inserting amount of the inserting plate 24 at the outlet, and the outlet can be blocked by the inserting plate 24 according to overhauling or other requirements to stop feeding.
(2) Mixer 22
The mixer 22 is connected with the conveying mechanism 1 and the feed storage bin 21 respectively, the mixer 22 is an existing device, in the embodiment, the mixer 22 is a mixing ejector of model HTP-100 produced by Jiangyin Huatian scientific and technological development Limited, so that the feed and the air flowing at high speed are fully and uniformly mixed, and the feed and the air are mixed and rapidly advance.
(3) Feeder 23
The feeder 23 is located between the feed storage bin 21 and the mixer 22, as shown in fig. 3-4, the feeder 23 comprises a cavity 231, a feeding port 232, a discharging chassis 233, a rotating impeller 234, a rotating mechanism 235, and a cone 236; in this embodiment, the feeding port 232 is located at the top of the cavity 231, the rotating mechanism 235 drives an output shaft to rotate by a motor, and the rotating impeller 234 is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating mechanism 235 through the cone 236; the rotary impeller 234 and the cone 236 rotate continuously along with the output shaft, the rotary impeller 234 has a plurality of chambers, preferably 6 chambers, the discharge chassis 233 is located at the bottom of the chamber 231, the discharge chassis 233 is provided with a discharge hole 2331, and the feed falls out of the discharge hole 2331.
The feeder 23 outputs the feed uniformly and continuously, and the discharge amount is changed by changing the rotating speed, so that the problems that the feed storage bin 21 drops too much feed to block the mixer 22, the feed is not uniformly mixed and a pipeline is blocked are avoided.
The cavity 231 is provided with a partition plate 237 and a rotating blade 238, the cavity 231 is divided into an upper layer of dispersion cavity and a lower layer of dispersion cavity, and the partition plate 237 is provided with a middle outlet 2371; the rotating mechanism 235 passes through the partition 237, and the rotating blades 238 are fixed on the rotating mechanism 235 through the cone 236; the fodder falls into the cavity 231 from the inlet 232, is pushed to the middle outlet 2371 by the rotary impeller 234 and then enters the rotary impeller 234, is discharged from the outlet 2331 after rotating 180 degrees in the rotary impeller 234, and can be discharged continuously while preventing the lower conveying gas from entering the upper bin by the rotary discharge of the rotary impeller 234.
Preferably, the intermediate outlet 2371 is offset from the opening of the discharge gate 2331, so that the intermediate outlet 2371 and the discharge gate 2331 are 180 degrees apart, thereby preventing the conveying gas flow from entering the upper bin from the material port.
The rotating mechanism 235 is connected with the electrical control cabinet 9, the rotating mechanism 235 is controlled to rotate through a terminal, the rotating speed of the impeller and the blades can be controlled, the feeding speed can be controlled, the rotating mechanism 235 can be closed, and feeding is stopped.
Distributor 3
As shown in fig. 5-6, the distributor 3 includes a frame 31, a nozzle 311, a fixed base 312, feeding ports 3121, a rotary feeding pipe 32, and a rotary driving mechanism 33, wherein the nozzle 311 and the fixed base 312 are respectively located at two ends of the frame 31, the number of the feeding ports 3121 is several, 3 to 12 feeding ports 3121 can be manufactured according to the feeding point condition of a fishery, and the feeding ports 3121 are located on the fixed base 312; one end of the rotary conveying pipe 32 is fixed on the nozzle 311; the rotary drive mechanism 33 is connected to the rotary feed pipe 32. The rotary material conveying pipe 32 is driven by the rotary driving mechanism 33 to rotate to the target feeding port 3121, and then the feed is conveyed out from the feeding port 3121. The rotary driving mechanism 33 is connected with the electric control cabinet 9, and controls the switch and the rotation angle of the rotary driving mechanism 33, so that the purpose of automatic distribution and feeding is achieved.
Since the rotary feeding pipe 32 needs to be separated from the feeding port 3121 when the feeding point is switched, and if the gas is continuously transmitted, the feed is ejected from the rotary feeding pipe 32, so that a large amount of feed remains in the rack 31, the gas needs to be temporarily cut off when the feeding point is switched, and the conveying mechanism 1 needs to be frequently switched on and off due to the switching of feeding, so that a long standby time is needed, even equipment is damaged, and the feeding efficiency is greatly reduced. A pressure release valve 81 is arranged between the conveying mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 2, when the distributor 3 is switched to be connected with the feeding port, air pressure generated by the conveying mechanism 1 is released, and the flow of the feed can be temporarily stopped without stopping the air conveying work of the conveying mechanism 1. The pressure release valve 81 is connected with the electrical control cabinet 9 and can work in a linkage manner by matching with the rotation time of the rotary conveying pipe 32, so that the work efficiency of distribution feeding is improved.
Through rotating rotary conveying pipe 32, will rotary conveying pipe 32 rotate to the corresponding position throw feed port 3121, with single feed supply throw feed port 3121, in order to guarantee the accurate of butt joint, as shown in fig. 7, rotary conveying pipe 32 is equipped with induction rod 321, frame 31 is equipped with a plurality of position sensor 316, position sensor 316 installs each throw the corresponding position of feed port 3121, position sensor 316 with electrical control cabinet 9 is connected, works as rotary conveying pipe 32 changes the target location, position sensor 316 can sense induction rod 321, if the butt joint position is inaccurate, position sensor 316 will send out the signal immediately, warns that the terminal butt joint is wrong.
Two examples of the way of dispensing a single feeding point are as follows:
the schematic diagrams shown in fig. 5-8 are the first embodiment:
in this embodiment, the single rotary conveying pipe 32 rotates, and after rotating to a target position, the single rotary conveying pipe is disconnected from or in contact with the feeding port 3121 through a pneumatic telescopic mechanism, and when the rotary conveying pipe 32 rotates, the single rotary conveying pipe does not contact the feeding port 3121, so that damage to devices is reduced, and the specific butt joint mode and principle are as follows:
rotation of the rotary conveying pipe:
the rotation driving mechanism 33 includes a motor 331, a first gear 321, and a second gear 333; the first gear 321 is connected with the motor 331, and the first gear 321 is engaged with the second gear 333; the second gear 333 is fixed to the rotary feed conveyor pipe 32. The first gear 321 rotates with the driving action of the motor 331, the second gear 333 drives the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 to rotate to a target position, and the motor 331 controls the rotation direction of the first gear 321 to arbitrarily switch the rotation direction of the rotary feed delivery pipe 32.
The rotary conveying pipe 32 is a hard pipe and plays a supporting role, and in order to further enhance the stability of the rotation of the rotary conveying pipe 32, a reinforcing pipe 313 is sleeved between the second gear 333 and the rotary conveying pipe 32 to enhance the rotation stability and the supporting capability of the rotary conveying pipe 32. A support beam 314 may be provided in the frame 31, and the rotary feed conveyor 32 passes through the support beam 314 to support the rotary feed conveyor 32.
Butt joint of feeding ports:
the rotary material conveying pipe 32 rotates to the feeding port 3121 along with the rotary driving mechanism 33, and the feed is conveyed to the feeding port 3121 through the rotary material conveying pipe 32. When the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 is switched to different feed ports 3121, the contact surface of the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 with the feed ports 3121 is not contacted, and the feed sealing performance is not affected.
A pneumatic telescopic mechanism 34 is fixed at the tail end of the rotary conveying pipe 32, and the pneumatic telescopic mechanism 34 comprises a telescopic pipe 341, 2 air pipe joints 342 and a fixing part 343; the fixed member 343 is fixed at the end of the rotary feeding pipe 32, the telescopic pipe 341 is located in the fixed member 343, a sliding cavity is formed by a gap between the telescopic pipe 341 and the fixed member 343, and 2 air pipe joints 342 are respectively located at two ends of the telescopic pipe 341.
When the telescopic tube 341 needs to be connected to the feeding port 3121, one of the air tube connectors 342 is inflated, the air pushes the telescopic tube 341 to slide in the sliding cavity, and the telescopic tube 341 extends out of the fixing member 343 and is in butt joint with the feeding port 3121;
when the telescopic tube 341 needs to be disconnected from the feeding port 3121, another air tube joint 342 is inflated, and the air pushes the telescopic tube 341 to retract into the fixing member 343.
The feeding opening 3121 is provided with a sealing ring 3122, so that the feed conveying tightness after the telescopic pipe 341 is connected is enhanced, the telescopic pipe 341 rotates after being separated from the feeding opening 3121, the friction between the telescopic pipe and the sealing ring 3122 is reduced, and the service life of the sealing ring 3122 is prolonged.
In order to avoid that the telescopic distance of the telescopic tube 341 is too large and the device is damaged due to too high air pressure of the air pipe joint 342, a limit block 344 is arranged on the telescopic tube 341, and the limit block 344 is positioned in the sliding cavity to limit the telescopic tube 341 and enable the telescopic tube 341 to slide in a reasonable range, wherein the telescopic stroke of the telescopic tube 341 in the embodiment is 20 mm.
The schematic diagrams shown in fig. 9-13 are the second embodiment:
in this embodiment, the rotary conveying pipe 32 is fixed to the rotary table, the rotary driving mechanism 33 drives the rotary table to rotate, and the rotary conveying pipe 32 is rotated to the corresponding feeding port 3121, and the specific butt joint method and principle are as follows:
rotation of the rotary conveying pipe:
the rotary driving mechanism 33 comprises a motor 331 and a rotary disc 334, and the rotary disc 334 is fixed on an output shaft of the motor 331; the carousel 334 is located the top of unable adjustment base 312, carousel 334 is equipped with interface 3341, the end of rotatory conveying pipeline 32 is fixed on the interface 3341, preferably, rotatory conveying pipeline 32 is fixed through first fastener 37, first fastener 37 can be screw, nut or bolt etc. the accessible first fastener 37 will rotatory conveying pipeline 32 is followed dismantle on the carousel 334, this kind of detachable fixed mode makes things convenient for later stage to overhaul or change the pipeline. The motor 331 controls the rotation direction of the rotary plate 334, and the rotation direction can be switched at will.
The rotary feed delivery pipe 32 rotates along with the rotary table 334 with the nozzle 311 as a pivot, and if the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 at the nozzle 311 is unstable, the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 moves during the rotation process, which affects the feed delivery. The pipe connecting opening 311 is provided with a fastening ring 317, the rotary material conveying pipe 32 is inserted into the fastening ring 317, and an elastic part 318 is arranged between the fastening ring 317 and the pipe connecting opening 311 to play a role in buffering. The nozzle 311 is further fixed with a fixed pipe 315, the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 is inserted into the fixed pipe 315, and the rotary feed delivery pipe 32 fixed at the nozzle 311 is convenient for the long-term rotation of the rotary feed delivery pipe 32.
Butt joint of feeding ports:
the carousel 334 drives the rotatory in-process of rotatory conveying pipeline 32, in order to guarantee the stability of carousel 334, need carry on spacingly to it: the fixed base 312 is fixed with a limiting device 35 through a second fastening piece 352, the limiting device 35 comprises a first bearing 351 and a fixed shaft 353, the rotating disc 334 is positioned between the first bearing 351 and the fixed base 312, the first bearing 351 rotates on the fixed shaft 353 along with the rotation of the rotating disc 334 and has a limiting effect on the rotating disc 334, and the shaking of the rotating disc 334 is limited under the condition that the rotation of the rotating disc 334 is not influenced. The height of the first bearing 351 can be adjusted by the second fastening member 352, thereby adjusting the degree of compression of the first bearing 351 against the turntable 334.
The fixed base 312 is provided with inflatable sealing rings 36, the inflatable sealing rings 36 are located at two sides of the feeding port 3121, the inflatable sealing rings 36 are connected with a vent pipe 361, and the vent pipe 361 is connected with the pneumatic control valve 362 and is automatically inflated or deflated. When the rotary conveying pipe 32 is abutted with the feeding port 3121 and feeds are conveyed, the air pipe 361 inflates the inflatable sealing ring 36 through the pneumatic control valve 362, so that the air tightness of the interface 3341 and the feeding port 3121 is enhanced; when the feeding point is switched in rotation, the inflatable sealing ring 36 is deflated, so that the rotating disc 334 does not contact with the fixed base 312 when rotating, and sealing devices are prevented from being damaged.
Feeding pipeline 4
The feeding pipelines 4 are a plurality of, and two ends of each feeding pipeline 4 are respectively connected with the corresponding feeding port 3121 and the sowing device 5.
Spreading the seedsDevice 5
As shown in fig. 14-16, the spreader 5 comprises a fixed feed pipe 51, a rotary pipe 52, a rotary mechanism 53 and a rotary discharge pipe 54; the fixed feeding pipeline 51 is fixed at the tail end of the feeding pipeline 4; the rotating pipe 52 is located below the fixed feed pipe 51;
the rotating mechanism 53 includes a second bearing 531, a third fastener 533, and a fixed housing 534; the fixed housing 534 is fixed on the rotary pipe 52 by the third fastener 533, and the second bearing 531 is located between the fixed feeding pipe 51 and the fixed housing 534. The rotating outlet pipe 54 drives the fixed casing 534 to rotate around the fixed inlet pipe 51 via the second bearing 531, preferably, the rotating mechanism 53 further includes a sealing element 532, the sealing element 532 includes 2 sealing rings 5321 and a rotating shaft 5322,2, the sealing rings 5321 are respectively located at two ends of the rotating shaft 5322, 1 sealing ring 5321 contacts the fixed inlet pipe 51, and the other sealing ring 5321 contacts the fixed casing 534. When the rotary discharge pipe 54 rotates, 2 sealing rings 5321 rotate on the rotating shaft 5322, the sealing member 532 is a ceramic sealing member, the ceramic sealing member has small friction and is wear-resistant, the rotary friction can be reduced, and the sealing performance of the rotating mechanism 53 is enhanced. The rotating structure of the second bearing 531 combined with the sealing member 532 reduces the rotating resistance of the rotating discharging pipe 54, and the feed is spread in a rotating manner at a high speed.
The number of the rotary discharging pipes 54 is several, the rotary discharging pipes 54 are connected to the rotary pipeline 52, the number of the rotary discharging pipes 54 is preferably 4, after the feed enters the spreader 5, the feed is sprayed out of the rotary discharging pipes 54, the rotary discharging pipes 54 rotate rapidly under the reverse force of the sprayed gas, so that the feed spreading range is wider, and 4 rotary discharging pipes 54 can rotate more stably.
The feed distributing box 55 is arranged at the tail end of the rotary pipeline 52, feed falls into the feed distributing box 55 through the rotary pipeline 52, the feed distributing box 55 is provided with a plurality of distributing chambers, the number of the distributing chambers corresponds to that of the rotary discharging pipes 54, the rotary discharging pipes 54 are communicated with the corresponding distributing chambers, the feed is transmitted into the corresponding rotary discharging pipes 54 from the distributing chambers and is scattered out from the scattering openings of the rotary discharging pipes 54, the feed can be uniformly distributed into the rotary discharging pipes 54, the feed is prevented from being intensively blocked in one of the rotary discharging pipes 54, and the feed is scattered more uniformly.
Rotatory discharging pipe 54 is equipped with screw thread and fixed plate, but adjustable installation angle changes the distance of scattering according to throwing something to feed area and throwing something to feed the demand, avoids the fodder to throw something to feed the scope too concentrated, leads to appearing scattering inhomogeneous, the crowded problem of shoal.
Conveying mechanism 1 lasts the operation, needs carry out the monitoring of atmospheric pressure, humidity isoparametric to each section position of throwing something and feeding the device, prevents that atmospheric pressure, humidity, temperature from taking place unusually, influencing the transport of fodder. The various devices can be connected through the supply duct 8: the conveying mechanism 1 is sequentially connected with the mixer 21 and the distributor 3 through the air supply pipeline 8, the air outlet of the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the silencer 6 through the air supply pipeline 8, the conveying mechanism 1 is connected with the air cooler 7 through the air supply pipeline 8, and the air cooler 7 is connected with the mixer 21 through the air supply pipeline 8.
Pressure transmitters 83 are respectively arranged on two sides of the air cooler 7 and between the mixer 21 and the distributor 3, and are used for respectively monitoring the output air pressure of the conveying mechanism 1, the air pressure after air cooling treatment and the transmission pressure after mixing of the feed and the air, so that the abnormal air pressure of each section during air flow and feed transmission can be found as early as possible; temperature transmitters 84 are arranged on two sides of the air cooler 7 and used for monitoring the gas temperature before and after the air cooler 7 processes, so that abnormal air temperature is avoided; a flow transmitter 85 is arranged between the mixer 21 and the distributor 3 to monitor the feed flow before distributing the feed; a humidity transmitter 82 is arranged between the conveying mechanism 1 and the mixer 21, and is used for monitoring the humidity of the gas, and if the humidity is abnormal, intervention is performed as early as possible, so that the phenomenon that the feed is affected by dampness, adhesion and caking to block a pipeline and influence feeding is avoided; in order to facilitate monitoring and instrument installation, the transmitters are connected to the air supply pipeline 8, the humidity transmitter 82, the pressure transmitter 83, the temperature transmitter 84 and the flow transmitter 85 are connected to the electrical control cabinet 9, so that parameters such as air pressure, humidity, temperature and feed flow can be monitored in real time at a terminal during feed transmission, and abnormal timely intervention can be found.
According to the large-scale fishery culture feed feeding device, the feeder 23 is arranged to control the feeding speed, the situation that the mixer 22 is blocked by too much blanking amount of the feed storage bin 21 is avoided, the conveying amount of 3-8 tons per hour can be realized, and the adjustable range of the feed conveying amount is large; the feed is quantitatively fed to the mixer 22, is sprayed into the gas below through the mixer 22, is uniformly mixed, and is conveyed into the distributor 3 along with the gas, the rotary delivery pipe 32 is driven by the rotary driving mechanism 33 to rotate to any feeding port 3121 and is communicated with the corresponding feeding pipeline 4, and the feed is conveyed into the seeding device 5 at the tail end, the seeding device 5 continuously rotates and seeds the feed under the reaction force of the gas, and the seeding amount per hour can reach 3-8 tons. Through setting up electrical control cabinet 9 to with feeder 23, distributor 3, relief valve 81 and equipment such as various transmitters are connected, can realize automatic control feeding volume and throw the switching of feeding point, and can real-time supervision fodder condition of throwing something and feeding.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (16)

1. An automatic feeding method for breeding feed in a large-scale fishery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: wind transportation: driving air flow to convey;
step 2: feed putting and mixing: after the feed is mixed with the gas, the feed flows along with the gas;
and step 3: and (3) feed delivery in different points: presetting feeding time, monitoring the feed transportation condition, automatically selecting a target feeding opening according to feeding requirements, carrying out centralized feeding, and recording feeding time and feeding amount;
and 4, step 4: and (3) spreading feed: spreading the feed on the water surface of a feeding point;
and 5: switching a feeding port: and after the feeding of one feeding point is finished, stopping material conveying, automatically switching to the next target feeding port according to a preset instruction, and continuously feeding.
2. An automatic feeding method of large-scale fishery aquaculture feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stopping of the feeding is by means of releasing air pressure to temporarily stop the feeding.
3. The large-scale fishery breeding feed feeding device is characterized in that the automatic feeding method is operated, and the device specifically comprises a conveying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a distributor, a feeding pipeline, a spreader and an electrical control cabinet;
the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor, the distributor is connected with the feeding pipeline, and the tail end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the spreader; the electric control cabinet is respectively connected with the conveying mechanism, the feeding mechanism and the distributor.
The conveying mechanism is used for conveying air in the step 1, providing air flow and driving the feed to be conveyed;
the feeding mechanism is used for mixing the feed in the step 2 and uniformly mixing the added feed and the gas;
the distributor and the feeding pipeline are used for conveying the feed at different points in the step 3, and the distributor automatically switches feeding points and transmits the feed;
the spreader is used for spreading the feed in the step 4, is connected with the feeding pipeline and rotationally spreads the feed to a feeding point;
and the electrical control cabinet is used for remotely controlling the automatic switching of air delivery, feed mixing and feeding in steps 1-3.
4. A large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said distributor comprises a frame, a nozzle, a fixed base, a feeding port, a rotary feed delivery pipe, and a rotary driving mechanism; the pipe connecting openings and the fixed base are respectively positioned at two ends of the rack, a plurality of feeding openings are formed, and the feeding openings are positioned on the fixed base; one end of the rotary material conveying pipe is fixed on the pipe connecting opening; the rotary driving mechanism is connected with the rotary conveying pipe.
5. A large-scale feed feeding device for fishery culture according to claim 4, wherein said rotary feed delivery pipe is provided with an induction rod, said frame is provided with a plurality of position sensors, and said position sensors are installed at corresponding positions of each of said feeding ports.
6. A large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said rotary drive mechanism comprises a motor, a first gear, and a second gear; the first gear is connected with the motor, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the second gear is fixed on the rotary conveying pipe.
7. A large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said rotary driving mechanism comprises a motor and a rotary disc, said rotary disc being fixed on an output shaft of said motor; the rotary table is positioned above the fixed base and provided with a port, and the tail end of the rotary conveying pipeline is fixed on the port.
8. A large fishery aquaculture feed feeding apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said feeding mechanism comprises a feed storage bin and a mixer; the mixer is connected with the conveying mechanism and the feed storage bin respectively.
9. The large fishery aquaculture feed delivery device of claim 8, wherein said feeding mechanism further comprises a feeder located between said feed storage bin and said mixer; the feeder comprises a cavity, a feeding hole, a discharging chassis, a rotary impeller, a rotating mechanism and a cone; the feeding port is positioned at the top of the cavity; the rotary impeller is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating mechanism through the cone; the discharging base plate is positioned at the bottom of the cavity and is provided with a discharging hole.
10. A large fishery aquaculture feed feeding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said spreader comprises a fixed feed conduit, a rotary mechanism and a rotary discharge conduit; the fixed feeding pipeline is fixed at the tail end of the feeding pipeline; the rotating pipe is positioned below the fixed feeding pipe; the rotating mechanism comprises a second bearing, a third fastener and a fixed shell; the fixed shell is fixed on the rotating pipeline through the third fastener, and the second bearing is located between the fixed feeding pipeline and the fixed shell.
11. A large fishery aquaculture feed feeding apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein said rotating mechanism further comprises a sealing member, said sealing member comprises 2 sealing rings and a rotating shaft, 2 said sealing rings are respectively located at both ends of said rotating shaft, 1 said sealing ring is in contact with said fixed feeding pipe, and the other said sealing ring is in contact with said fixed housing.
12. A large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a silencer is connected to the air outlet of the conveying mechanism, and the silencer is positioned between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism.
13. A large fishery aquaculture feed feeding apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said delivery means is connected to an air cooler, said air cooler being located between said delivery means and said feeding means.
14. The large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device of claim 3, wherein a pressure relief valve is arranged between the conveying mechanism and the feeding mechanism, and the pressure relief valve is connected with the electrical control cabinet.
15. A large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the feed storage bin is connected with a weighing instrument, and the weighing instrument is connected with the electrical control cabinet.
16. A large-scale fishery aquaculture feed feeding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, further comprising an air supply duct; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding mechanism through the air supply pipeline, and the feeding mechanism is connected with the distributor through the air supply pipeline; the air supply pipeline is connected with a humidity transmitter, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a flow transmitter, and the humidity transmitter, the pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter and the flow transmitter are all connected with the electrical control cabinet.
CN202210790683.XA 2022-04-01 2022-07-05 Automatic feeding method and feeding device for large-scale fish farm cultivation feed Active CN115399273B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102550466A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-07-11 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Remote feeding system for aquaculture
CN107743906A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-02 山东广为海洋科技有限公司 Aquafarm feeds system automatically
CN113243327A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-13 湖北海洋工程装备研究院有限公司 Feed feeding system
CN215454755U (en) * 2021-08-11 2022-01-11 青海民泽龙羊峡生态水殖有限公司 Movable automatic bait casting device for net cage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102550466A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-07-11 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Remote feeding system for aquaculture
CN107743906A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-02 山东广为海洋科技有限公司 Aquafarm feeds system automatically
CN113243327A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-13 湖北海洋工程装备研究院有限公司 Feed feeding system
CN215454755U (en) * 2021-08-11 2022-01-11 青海民泽龙羊峡生态水殖有限公司 Movable automatic bait casting device for net cage

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