CN115399156A - Crisp jujube tree trimming device and method - Google Patents
Crisp jujube tree trimming device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115399156A CN115399156A CN202211103414.8A CN202211103414A CN115399156A CN 115399156 A CN115399156 A CN 115399156A CN 202211103414 A CN202211103414 A CN 202211103414A CN 115399156 A CN115399156 A CN 115399156A
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- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 235000008529 Ziziphus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 241001247821 Ziziphus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003357 wound healing promoting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037314 wound repair Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/08—Other tools for pruning, branching or delimbing standing trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for pruning a crisp jujube tree, and relates to the technical field of fruit tree pruning. This equipment is pruned to crisp jujube fruit tree, including handheld mechanism and trimming mechanism, handheld mechanism includes electric telescopic handle, electric telescopic handle's the fixed threaded connection head that is provided with of one end, electric telescopic handle's the fixed cover of the other end is equipped with anti-skidding cover, trimming mechanism includes the extension rod, threaded groove has been seted up to one side center department of extension rod, the fixed backing plate that is provided with of the other end of extension rod, the extension rod runs through on one side of the up end that is close to the backing plate and is provided with the cutting hydro-cylinder, the fixed montant that is provided with of extension rod up end opposite side. The equipment and the method for pruning the crisp jujube fruit tree are convenient to prune, repair liquid can be coated on branch wounds while pruning is carried out, operation is simple and labor-saving, and the detailed method for pruning the crisp jujube fruit tree at each stage is provided, so that efficient growth and fruit bearing of the crisp jujube fruit tree are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree pruning, in particular to equipment and a method for pruning crisp jujube trees.
Background
The crisp jujube is a fresh jujube, has beautiful appearance, thick flesh and small core, crisp taste and sweet and fragrant taste. The fruit ripens before and after the mid-autumn festival, so the jujube is named as the mid-autumn crispy jujube. After the fruits are ripe, the fruits are red or crimson, thin in peel, small in kernel, fresh, crisp and sweet in flesh quality, and rich in various nutritional ingredients necessary for human bodies, and the crisp jujube trees are fruit trees bearing crisp jujube fruits, but the pruning is needed at each stage of the growth of the crisp jujube trees.
The young pruning of the crisp jujube tree is to expand the crown of the fruit tree, increase the number of branches, adjust the tree form, make it carry out photosynthesis more greatly, the pruning of full bearing age is to cut some weak branches, diseased branches, the branch that influences fruit tree photosynthesis, the purpose is to make the fruit tree body can obtain better growth and development, keep a good tree body structure, let the relation between fruit tree result and fruit tree growth obtain the balance, thereby make the full bearing age of fruit tree obtain the extension, the pruning of old age is to cut some branches that influence fruit tree nutrient absorption and photosynthesis, let some strong branches can better absorb nutrient growth, can make the fruit bearing output of old tree maintain a higher level, but the present pruning mode is mostly that the user holds the pruning tool to prune, if need angle regulation, need pruning personnel to adjust self position, in order to prune, it is inconvenient so, and the branch of pruning is all in eminence, can not exert wound healing agent after the branch is cut, like this will influence the growth of crisp jujube, even if it is very laborious to exert the operation, also waste time and waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a crisp jujube tree pruning device and a pruning method thereof, and solves the problems that when a crisp jujube tree is pruned, pruning personnel are required to adjust the body position so as to facilitate pruning, the pruning is labor-consuming, and meanwhile, the application of a wound healing agent to the branch wound after pruning is troublesome.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the crisp jujube tree pruning equipment comprises a handheld mechanism and a pruning mechanism, wherein the handheld mechanism comprises an electric telescopic rod, one end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly provided with a threaded connector, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly sleeved with an anti-skidding sleeve;
the trimming mechanism comprises an extension rod, a thread groove is formed in the center of one side of the extension rod, a backing plate is fixedly arranged at the other end of the extension rod, a cutting oil cylinder penetrates through one side, close to the upper end face of the backing plate, of the extension rod, a vertical rod is fixedly arranged on the other side of the upper end face of the extension rod, and a pressing rod is hinged to the upper end of the vertical rod;
the utility model discloses a tool rest, including the montant, the montant is kept away from to the up end of depression bar, the montant is kept away from to the up end embedding of depression bar one side and is provided with adjusting motor, adjusting motor's the fixed dwang that is provided with of output, the fixed tool rest that is provided with of lower extreme of dwang.
Preferably, the center of the two sides of the tool rest is fixedly provided with support columns, the upper ends of the support columns are fixedly provided with reinforcing sliding blocks, the lower end faces of the pressing rods on the two sides of the adjusting motor are provided with annular sliding grooves, and the upper ends of the reinforcing sliding blocks are arranged inside the annular sliding grooves in a sliding mode.
Preferably, a cutter groove is formed in the center of the lower end face of the cutter frame, a cutter is clamped in the cutter groove, a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the two sides of the cutter close to the lower end of the cutter, and one-way valves are fixedly arranged in the liquid outlet holes.
Preferably, the center of the upper end face of the cutting knife is provided with a liquid injection hole, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the inner thread of the liquid injection hole.
Preferably, the upper end of the cutting oil cylinder is hinged with the lower end face of the pressure rod.
Preferably, the upper end of backing plate is fixed and is provided with the guard plate, threaded connection head's a termination thread cover is established in the inside of thread groove.
The method for pruning the crisp jujube trees specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pruning requirements
a. Pruning young jujube tree
The young jujube trees need to be trimmed and fixed to be dry, and the purpose of the trimming and fixing method is to control the height of the first layer of main branches and the fixed dry height of the varieties with weak tree vigor planted between jujube grains to be about 1.4 meters;
b. pruning jujube tree
Trimming at the initial fruit stage, wherein the trimming at the initial fruit stage mainly comprises thinning, retracting, cutting and culturing according to the principle of four leaves and five leaves;
c. pruning in full bearing age
During the period, the tree crown is already formed, the pruning is preferably carried out in a sparse and contractive combined mode, light is introduced into the chamber to culture the branches in the chamber, the cultivation and the updating of bearing branch groups are noticed, the bearing age is prolonged, the vigorous growth of the branches in the tree crown is controlled by utilizing and culturing the vigorous branches in the tree crown, and good bearing branch groups are cultured to achieve the purpose of permanent bearing;
d. pruning for old jujube tree
And (3) updating the backbone branches, wherein the updating degree is determined according to the number of the effective jujube strands, namely the live jujube strands, and the backbone branch groups are subjected to repeated updating, medium updating and light updating, and are adjusted and cultured.
S2. Pruning operation
(1) Blade detection and nutrient solution preparation
Checking whether the cutting edge of the cutting knife is intact, then taking out the sealing plug, injecting a wound repairing agent into the cutting knife through the liquid injection hole, reinstalling the sealing plug, clamping the cutting knife in the knife slot for fixing, and finally opening the one-way valve;
(2) assembling and using
The anti-skidding sleeve is connected into the threaded groove through the threaded connector, so that the handheld mechanism and the trimming mechanism are combined together, and then a trimming worker can hold the anti-skidding sleeve to prepare for use;
(3) cutting branches
The height of the pruning mechanism is adjusted through the electric telescopic rod, when pruning is conducted, a cutting edge at the lower end of the cutting knife is aligned to a branch to be cut, the cutting oil cylinder is started, the cutting oil cylinder is shortened to enable the pressing rod to be pressed downwards, and the pressing rod can be matched with the cutting knife and the backing plate to conduct cutting-off treatment on the branch;
(4) conditioning treatment
Starting the adjusting motor in the branch cutting process, rotating the output end of the adjusting motor to drive the rotating rod to rotate, rotating the rotating rod to drive the cutter frame to rotate, and adjusting the angle of the cutter through the rotation of the cutter frame;
(5) repairing treatment
At the in-process of above-mentioned cutting branch, after the check valve was opened, restoration liquid can slowly flow out by going out the liquid hole in the cutting knife, adheres to on cutting knife cutting edge surface, and when the cutting knife cutting branch, the wound of branch can be paintd to the restoration liquid on cutting knife cutting edge surface to play and carry out the repair of restoration liquid when the cutting.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a pruning device and a pruning method for crisp jujube trees. The method has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a crisp jujube tree pruning device and a pruning method thereof, when the device is used, the angle of a cutting knife can be adjusted by starting an adjusting motor, so that the crisp jujube tree can be cut without the need of adjusting the body position by workers when cutting branches, the use is more labor-saving, meanwhile, a repairing liquid is injected into the cutting knife, the repairing liquid flows out of a liquid outlet hole to dip and dye the surface of the cutting knife in the branch cutting process, the repairing liquid can be smeared on a wound when cutting the branches, and therefore, the cut wound is repaired, and the crisp jujube tree is beneficial to healthy and rapid growth of the crisp jujube tree.
The invention provides a pruning device and a pruning method for crisp jujube trees, the pruning device provided by the pruning device is matched with the pruning method to prune the crisp jujube trees, the method has a detailed pruning mode for each growth state of the crisp jujube trees, is simple and easy to learn, and is beneficial to the quick growth of the crisp jujube trees, so that the fruit yield and the fruit quality of the crisp jujube trees are increased.
The invention provides a crisp jujube tree pruning device and a pruning method thereof, wherein the pruning device is formed by combining a handheld mechanism and a pruning mechanism, so that the whole machine is more convenient to maintain and transport, meanwhile, because a reaction force of pressing down is applied to a motor in the cutting process of a cutting knife, the motor is easy to damage after long-time use, and the reaction force is transmitted to a pressure lever through an auxiliary support of a support column, so that the adjusting motor is more durable, and the service life of the device is longer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic partial front cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic axial view of the tool holder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at point A;
FIG. 5 is a schematic axial view of the hand-held mechanism of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a hand-held mechanism; 2. a trimming mechanism; 101. an electric telescopic rod; 102. an anti-slip sleeve; 103. a threaded connector; 201. an extension rod; 202. a base plate; 203. a protection plate; 204. adjusting the motor; 205. an annular chute; 206. a pressure lever; 207. cutting the oil cylinder; 208. a vertical rod; 209. a thread groove; 210. rotating the rod; 211. a liquid injection hole; 212. a tool holder; 213. a cutting knife; 214. a one-way valve; 215. a liquid outlet hole; 216. a support pillar; 217. a cutter groove; 218. a sealing plug; 219. the slider is reinforced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the invention provides a crisp jujube tree pruning device, which comprises a handheld mechanism 1 and a pruning mechanism 2, wherein the handheld mechanism 1 comprises an electric telescopic rod 101, the length of the electric telescopic rod 101 is conveniently adjusted, one end of the electric telescopic rod 101 is fixedly provided with a threaded connector 103, the electric telescopic rod 101 is conveniently connected and combined through the threaded connector 103, the other end of the electric telescopic rod 101 is fixedly sleeved with an anti-skid sleeve 102, and the anti-skid sleeve 102 plays a role in skid resistance;
the trimming mechanism 2 comprises an extension rod 201, a thread groove 209 is formed in the center of one side of the extension rod 201, a backing plate 202 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the extension rod 201, a cutting oil cylinder 207 penetrates through one side, close to the upper end face of the backing plate 202, of the extension rod 201, the cutting oil cylinder 207 is used for cutting a cutting knife 213 through stretching of the cutting oil cylinder 207, a vertical rod 208 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the upper end face of the extension rod 201, and the upper end of the vertical rod 208 is hinged with a pressing rod 206;
an adjusting motor 204 is embedded into one side, away from the vertical rod 208, of the upper end surface of the pressure lever 206, a rotating rod 210 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the adjusting motor 204, and a knife rest 212 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating rod 210.
The method for pruning the crisp jujube trees specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pruning requirements
a. Pruning young jujube tree
Young jujube trees need to be pruned and fixed, the height of a first layer of main branches is controlled, varieties with weak tree vigor are planted between jujube grains, the fixed dry height is about 1.4 m, varieties with strong tree vigor can be controlled, the fixed dry height can be 1.6-1.8 m, 1.2 m is suitable for a pure jujube garden, 4-5 sections are reserved upwards to be used as shaping belts for culturing the first layer of main branches after the fixed dry height is determined, top tips are cut off, secondary branches under cut openings are cut off, if only one shear is cut off, new jujube heads are not easy to extract and grow upwards in the second year after the jujube heads are cut off, one to two sections of secondary branches in a whole shape belt need to be reserved and are cut off in front of the sections, the main branches are extracted from the reserved secondary branches as far as possible to form the first layer of main branches, if no robust secondary branches are grown in the fixed dry height, the height of the fixed trunk can be properly increased, the trunk is cleaned, branches below the whole shape band need to be removed year by year after the trunk of the young trees is fixed, but the trunk is not finished once, the trunk is cleaned every year, the height of the whole tree is not more than 1/3 or 1/2, the main lateral branches need to be cultivated, in the pruning process, if the directions of the main lateral branches are not uniformly distributed, the extending direction and the opening angle of the strong main lateral branches can be selected to be kept by bracing, pulling and other methods, the distribution angle of the main trunk and the main branches is preferably 45-60 degrees, in order to keep the trunk round and unbiased, the main lateral branches with strong growth can be cut by a method of plugging one shear to stop the growth, or the main lateral branches with slow growth are plugged by a method of plugging two shears to prolong the growth;
b. pruning of fruiting jujube tree
Pruning in the initial fruit period, wherein the pruning in the initial fruit period is mainly performed by thinning, retracting, cutting and culturing according to a principle of four-leaving and five-leaving, wherein the four-leaving is to leave peripheral jujube heads, backbone branch jujube heads, strong and full development future jujube heads, and jujube heads with a large number of secondary branches, jujube strands and strong fruiting capacity so as to achieve the purposes of continuously expanding tree crowns and increasing the yield year by year, and the five-leaving means that downward hanging branches and weak branches are not left, weak oblique branches and overlapped branches are not left, insect-infected branches and dead branches are not left, improper positions and overgrown branches are not left, alternate branches, crossed branches and branch branches are not left, and the jujube heads which are not used as main branch extension branches and are not continuously extended are cut for more than 3 years, and the shrinkage updating is performed gradually on the bare bone backbone branches;
c. pruning in full bearing age
The crown is formed at this stage, trimming is preferably carried out in a sparse and contractive combined mode, light is introduced into the chamber, inner chamber branches are cultured, cultivation and updating of fruiting branch groups are noticed, the fruiting life is prolonged, vigorous growth of inner vigorous branches in the crown is controlled by utilizing and culturing the inner vigorous branches, good fruiting branch groups are cultured, the purpose of permanent fruiting is achieved, and attention is paid during trimming: the branches in the crown are densely squeezed, the branches are divided mainly, ventilation and light transmission in the crown are ensured, when the middle lower part of each branch has a space and the upper part of each branch has no space, the single-axis growing branches are retracted and guided to develop to the spatial direction, if the branch groups are fruiting, the branch groups are subjected to heavy-shrinkage shearing at the positions with the spaces, the lower parts of the branches have no space and the upper parts have spaces, and the branches with large influences on the lower parts are removed; for the strong branches growing along a single axis, if the growth direction can be changed, the strong branches can also be utilized, the upper parts and the lower parts of the strong branches have spaces, and the inner chamber branches are few, the strong branches growing along the single axis are cultured into branch groups, and if the strong branches are irregular fruiting branch groups, reasonable thinning is carried out on the basis of the original branch groups, so as to take care of the yield in the same year;
d. pruning for old jujube tree
Updating the skeletal branches, wherein the updating degree is determined according to the number of effective jujube strands, namely live jujube strands, and the updating degree is divided into heavy updating, medium updating, light updating and heavy updating: 300-500 effective jujube strands on the tree, sawing off 2/3 of the total length of the stock branch on the stock branch of the healthy jujube with vitality, stimulating hidden buds at the lower part of the stock branch to sprout new jujube heads, re-culturing new tree crowns, and updating: the number of the effective jujube strands on the tree is 500-1000, 1/2 of the total length of the backbone branches is removed at the position of the viable jujube strands, and the jujube tree is updated lightly: slightly retracting when the number of the effective jujube strands on the tree is 1000-l 500, cutting off about 1/3 of the total length of the backbone branches, growing a plurality of new jujube heads after the jujube tree is updated, selecting the new jujube heads with proper direction and angle to be used as extension branches of the backbone branches in the 2 nd year of updating, properly thinning or cutting off other branches, generally enabling the crown to reach a certain size in 3-4 years, recovering high yield, adjusting and culturing backbone branch groups, thinning the germinated new jujube heads except culture backbone branches after the backbone branches are retracted, reserving other branches with proper direction and angle to be used as fruiting branch groups for culturing, and after 2-3 years, picking off the core and cutting off the top according to the space size to enable the fruiting branch groups to be strong and full, and reserving lateral branches and lateral branches along with the extension of the backbone branches to enable the fruiting branch groups to be reasonably arranged in the crown, thereby prolonging the fruiting period.
S2, trimming operation
(1) Blade detection and nutrient solution preparation
Checking whether the cutting edge of the cutting knife 213 is intact, then taking out the sealing plug 218, injecting a wound repair agent into the cutting knife 213 through the liquid injection hole 211, reinstalling the sealing plug 218, clamping the cutting knife 213 in the knife slot 217 for fixing, and finally opening the one-way valve 214;
(2) assembling and using
The hand-held mechanism 1 and the trimming mechanism 2 are combined together by connecting the threaded connector 103 in the threaded groove 209, and then a trimming worker can prepare for use by holding the anti-slip sleeve 102;
(3) cutting the branches
The height of the pruning mechanism 2 is adjusted through the electric telescopic rod 101, when pruning is conducted, the cutting edge at the lower end of the cutting knife 213 is aligned with a branch to be cut, the cutting oil cylinder 207 is started, the cutting oil cylinder 207 is shortened, the pressing rod 206 is pressed downwards, and the pressing rod 206 can be matched with the cutting knife 213 and the base plate 202 to cut off the branch;
(4) conditioning treatment
The adjusting motor 204 is started in the branch cutting process, the output end of the adjusting motor 204 rotates to drive the rotating rod 210 to rotate, the rotating rod 210 rotates to drive the cutter holder 212 to rotate, the angle of the cutter 213 can be adjusted through the rotation of the cutter holder 212, the branch can be conveniently cut off by the cutter 213, a worker does not need to adjust the angle through the body position, and the tree pruning machine is more labor-saving in use;
(5) repairing treatment
At the in-process of above-mentioned cutting branch, after check valve 214 was opened, restore the liquid and can slowly flow out by play liquid hole 215 in the cutting knife 213, attached to cutting knife 213 cutting edge surface, when cutting knife 213 cutting branch, the wound of branch can be paintd to the restoration liquid on cutting knife 213 cutting edge surface to play the repair of carrying out the restoration liquid when the cutting, it is more laborsaving, save the labour.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a crisp jujube fruit tree pruning equipment, includes handheld mechanism (1) and trimming means (2), its characterized in that: the handheld mechanism (1) comprises an electric telescopic rod (101), one end of the electric telescopic rod (101) is fixedly provided with a threaded connector (103), and the other end of the electric telescopic rod (101) is fixedly sleeved with an anti-skidding sleeve (102);
the trimming mechanism (2) comprises an extension rod (201), a thread groove (209) is formed in the center of one side of the extension rod (201), a backing plate (202) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the extension rod (201), a cutting oil cylinder (207) penetrates through one side, close to the upper end face of the backing plate (202), of the extension rod (201), a vertical rod (208) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the upper end face of the extension rod (201), and a pressing rod (206) is hinged to the upper end of the vertical rod (208);
the utility model discloses a fixed tool rest (212) that is provided with of montant (208) is kept away from to the up end of depression bar (206), the embedding is provided with adjusting motor (204) on one side, the fixed dwang (210) that is provided with of output of adjusting motor (204), the lower extreme of dwang (210) is fixed.
2. The pruning device for the crispy jujube tree according to claim 1, wherein: support columns (216) are fixedly arranged at the centers of two sides of the tool rest (212), reinforcing sliding blocks (219) are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the support columns (216), annular sliding grooves (205) are formed in the lower end faces of pressing rods (206) on two sides of the adjusting motor (204), and the upper ends of the reinforcing sliding blocks (219) are arranged in the annular sliding grooves (205) in a sliding mode.
3. The pruning device for the crispy jujube tree according to claim 1, wherein: the center of the lower end face of the cutter rest (212) is provided with a cutter groove (217), the inner part of the cutter groove (217) is clamped with a cutter (213), a plurality of liquid outlet holes (215) are formed in the two sides of the cutter (213) close to the lower end, and one-way valves (214) are fixedly arranged in the liquid outlet holes (215).
4. The pruning device for the crispy jujube tree as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the center of the upper end face of the cutting knife (213) is provided with a liquid injection hole (211), and the internal thread sleeve of the liquid injection hole (211) is provided with a sealing plug (218).
5. The pruning device for the crispy jujube tree according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the cutting oil cylinder (207) is hinged with the lower end face of the pressure rod (206).
6. The pruning device for the crispy jujube tree according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of backing plate (202) is fixed and is provided with guard plate (203), the inside at thread groove (209) is established to one end screw thread cover of threaded connection head (103).
7. The method for pruning the crisp jujube trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pruning requirements
a. Pruning young jujube tree
The young jujube trees need to be trimmed and fixed to be dry, and the purpose of the trimming and fixing method is to control the height of the first layer of main branches and the fixed dry height of the varieties with weak tree vigor planted between jujube grains to be about 1.4 meters;
b. pruning of fruiting jujube tree
Trimming at the initial fruit stage, wherein the trimming at the initial fruit stage mainly comprises thinning, retracting, cutting and culturing according to the principle of four leaves and five leaves;
c. pruning in full bearing age
During the period, the tree crown is already formed, the pruning is preferably carried out in a sparse and shrinkage combined mode, light is introduced into the chamber, the branches in the chamber are cultured, the culture and the updating of fruiting branch groups are noticed, the fruiting life is prolonged, the vigorous growth of the branches in the tree crown is controlled by utilizing and culturing the vigorous branches in the tree crown, and good fruiting branch groups are cultured, so that the purpose of permanent fruiting is achieved;
d. pruning for old jujube tree
And (3) updating the backbone branches, wherein the updating degree is determined according to the number of effective jujube strands, namely live jujube strands, and the backbone branch group is adjusted and cultured by repeated updating, medium updating and light updating, after the backbone branches retract, the germinated new jujube heads are thinned in a planned way except for the cultured backbone branches, and the rest branches are cultured by keeping proper directions and angles as the bearing branch group.
S2, trimming operation
(1) Blade detection and nutrient solution preparation
Checking whether the cutting edge of the cutting knife (213) is intact, then taking out the sealing plug (218), injecting a wound repairing agent into the cutting knife (213) through the liquid injection hole (211), reinstalling the sealing plug (218), clamping the cutting knife (213) in the knife slot (217) for fixing, and finally opening the check valve (214);
(2) assembling and using
The hand-held cutting machine is connected into a threaded groove (209) through a threaded connector (103), so that the hand-held mechanism (1) and the cutting mechanism (2) are combined together, and then a cutting worker can hold the anti-skidding sleeve (102) to prepare for use;
(3) cutting the branches
The height of the pruning mechanism (2) is adjusted through the electric telescopic rod (101), when the pruning is carried out, the cutting edge at the lower end of the cutting knife (213) is aligned to the tree branch to be cut, the cutting oil cylinder (207) is started, the cutting oil cylinder (207) is shortened, the pressing rod (206) is pressed downwards, and the pressing rod (206) can be matched with the cutting knife (213) and the base plate (202) to cut off the tree branch;
(4) conditioning treatment
Starting the adjusting motor (204) in the branch cutting process, wherein the output end of the adjusting motor (204) rotates to drive the rotating rod (210) to rotate, the rotating rod (210) rotates to drive the cutter holder (212) to rotate, and the angle of the cutter (213) can be adjusted through the rotation of the cutter holder (212);
(5) repairing treatment
In the process of above-mentioned cutting branch, after check valve (214) were opened, restoration liquid can slowly flow out by play liquid hole (215) in cutting knife (213), attached to cutting knife (213) cutting edge surface, and when cutting knife (213) cutting branch, the wound of branch can be paintd on to the restoration liquid on cutting knife (213) cutting edge surface to play the repair of carrying out restoration liquid in the cutting.
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