CN115380852A - Grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem and application method thereof - Google Patents
Grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and discloses a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation aquaculture water environment subsystem and an application method thereof, wherein the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation aquaculture water environment subsystem comprises a fish pond, and the fish pond comprises aquatic grass mainly comprising submerged plants, small aquatic animals, an oxygenation assembly and aquaculture fish; the aquatic weeds are used for absorbing and converting nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements and increasing the circulation of substances such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like; the small aquatic animals mainly comprise shrimps and snails and are used for assisting aquatic weeds to perform photosynthesis; the oxygenation assembly is used for increasing oxygen in the fishpond; the small aquatic animals are also used as food for cultivating fish, and the small aquatic animals scrape attachments such as microorganisms and algae on branches and leaves of the aquatic weeds through symbiotic small aquatic animals to clean the surfaces of the aquatic weeds and facilitate the growth of the aquatic weeds under photosynthesis, so that a symbiotic system which is mutually beneficial and beneficial is formed with the aquatic weeds, a large amount of oxygen can be output to different water layers in the growth process of the aquatic weeds, the oxygen can be used by the cultured economic animals, and the energy consumption of artificial oxygenation can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem and an application method thereof.
Background
At the present stage, the process of culturing carnivorous aquatic economic animals with high economic benefits such as weever, mandarin fish, snakehead and the like in south China is generally high-density pond culture or industrial culture, an automatic aerator needs to be started for a long time, the power consumption is high, and low carbon is not generated; the feed coefficient is high, redundant nutrient substances generated exist in the sediment environment, and the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem and the application method are provided under the condition that the content of the nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the sediment is difficult to effectively reduce only by microbial regulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem and an application method thereof, and the subsystem and the application method achieve the aim of solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem comprises a fish pond, wherein the fish pond comprises aquatic plants, shrimp-snail and other small aquatic animals, an oxygenation component and cultured fishes, wherein the aquatic plants mainly comprise submerged plants;
the aquatic weeds are used for absorbing and converting and utilizing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements, and the circulation of substances such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like is increased;
the small aquatic animals are used for assisting aquatic weeds to perform photosynthesis.
Preferably, the aeration assembly is used to increase oxygen in fish ponds, the small aquatic animals also serving as food for fish farming.
Preferably, the aquatic weeds are also used to provide oxygen to the fish pond, and the aquatic weeds are also used to provide a living and habitat environment for small aquatic animals.
Preferably, the small aquatic animals are also used to increase the flow path of matter and energy in fish ponds.
Preferably, by applying the application method of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation and control aquaculture water environment subsystem, a layout area is arranged in the fish pond, aquatic weeds are planted in the layout area, the aquatic weeds comprise hydrilla verticillata and eel grass, and the hydrilla verticillata and the eel grass are planted at intervals.
Preferably, the small aquatic animals in the fishpond comprise macrobrachium, radishes and cyclina, and the cultured fishes in the fishpond comprise high-economic-benefit carnivorous aquatic economic animals such as weever, mandarin fish and snakeheads.
Preferably, an oxygen increasing assembly is arranged at the central position of the fish pond and comprises a stirring plate, a fixing ring, a supporting rod, a rotating shaft and a supporting seat, a through hole is formed in the outer wall of one side of the stirring plate, the outer wall of one side of the stirring plate is installed on the outer wall of one side of the fixing ring, and the inner wall of the fixing ring is connected with one end of the supporting rod.
Preferably, the other end of the support rod is mounted on the outer wall of one side of the rotating shaft, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is connected with the inner wall of the support seat, the outer wall of one side of the support seat is mounted in the fishpond, and a driving element is arranged in the support seat and used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate.
The invention provides a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem and an application method thereof. The method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The subsystem can improve the recycling efficiency of nutrient substances in the culture environment, has a stabilizing effect on the regulation and control of culture environment indexes, can fully absorb and convert nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements, increases the circulation of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances, and regulates, controls and maintains the relative stable level of the nutrient salt environment of the pond; meanwhile, the bait composition for breeding animals can be enriched, the nutrition balance is achieved, and the material and energy flow ways are increased.
(2) In the subsystem of the invention, symbiotic small aquatic animals scrape attachments such as microorganisms, algae and the like on branches and leaves of the aquatic weeds to clean the surfaces of the aquatic weeds and are beneficial to the photosynthesis growth of the aquatic weeds, so that the aquatic weeds and the aquatic weeds form a mutually beneficial symbiotic system, a large amount of oxygen can be output to different water layers in the growth process of the aquatic weeds, the oxygen can be used by breeding economic animals, and the energy consumption of artificial oxygenation can be reduced.
(3) The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem matched with the artificial oxygenation equipment can operate automatically, so that the artificial oxygenation time can be reduced to a great extent, the electricity cost is saved, meanwhile, the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem can improve the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient element circulation in the aquaculture environment, reduce the pressure of the aquaculture environment, reduce the medication cost, and play an important role in regulating and controlling the aquaculture environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top layout view of a subsystem of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view structural diagram of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view of the striking plate of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 fishpond, 2 layout areas, 3 hydrilla verticillata, 4 tape grass, 5 stirring plates, 6 fixing rings, 7 supporting rods, 8 rotating shafts and 9 supporting seats.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem is characterized in that a fish pond 1 comprises aquatic grass mainly comprising submerged plants, small aquatic animals mainly comprising shrimps, snails and the like, an oxygenation component and cultured fishes;
the aquatic weeds are used for absorbing and converting nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements and increasing the circulation of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances;
the small aquatic animals are used for assisting the aquatic weeds to perform photosynthesis, the oxygen increasing assembly is used for increasing oxygen in the fish pond 1, the small aquatic animals are also used as food for cultivating fish, the aquatic weeds are also used for providing oxygen in the fish pond 1, the aquatic weeds are also used for providing living environment for the small aquatic animals, and the small aquatic animals are also used for increasing the flow path of substances and energy in the fish pond 1.
The application method of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation and control aquaculture water environment subsystem comprises the steps that a layout area 2 is arranged in a fish pond 1, aquatic weeds mainly comprising submerged plants are planted in the layout area 2, the aquatic weeds comprise hydrilla verticillata and eel grass, the hydrilla verticillata and the eel grass are planted at intervals, small aquatic animals in the fish pond 1 comprise macrobrachium nipponensis, radishes, periwinkle snails and the like, the aquaculture fishes in the fish pond 1 comprise high-economic-efficiency carnivorous aquatic economic animals such as weever, mandarin fish, snakehead and the like, an oxygenation assembly is arranged at the central position of the fish pond 1 and comprises a shifting plate 5, a fixing ring 6, a supporting rod 7, a rotating shaft 8 and a supporting seat 9, a through hole is formed in the outer wall of one side of the shifting plate 5, the outer wall of one side of the shifting plate 5 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one side of the fixing ring 6, the inner wall of the fixing ring 6 is fixedly connected with one end of the supporting rod 7, the other end of the supporting rod 7 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one side of the rotating shaft 8, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 8 is movably connected with the inner wall of the supporting seat 9, a driving element, and a driving element for driving motor for driving the supporting seat 8 is arranged on the supporting seat through a shaft coupling, and a driving element for driving the supporting seat 8.
The construction process of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: and (5) system layout. The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem layout has the main principle of complementing the configuration function of the oxygen increasing equipment in the aquaculture system. Therefore, the sub-systems are separately arranged around the oxygen increasing equipment to form a layout matched with the artificial oxygen increasing equipment, and are distributed in the pond vertically and horizontally in a plurality of suitable rectangular area patterns, so that the subsequent management and the maintenance are facilitated. Considering the action effect and the later management and protection effect together, the area ratio of the Chinese herbal-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem in each culture pond or system occupying the culture environment is preferably 1/4-2/5.
The second step is that: and (5) constructing a waterweed community. Evergreen submerged aquatic weeds, namely hydrilla verticillata and tape grass can be planted at the bottom of a well-distributed aquaculture pond in a 1: 2 interplanting mode in a matched mode, wherein the hydrilla verticillata is canopy type aquatic weeds, the tape grass belongs to lotus-seat type aquatic weeds, and the hydrilla verticillata and the cap layer type aquatic weeds have different light requirements and utilization and can be matched at different levels in water to form a stable aquatic weed community structure.
The third step: and constructing a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem. After the aquatic weed community is constructed, small aquatic animals growing on aquatic weeds such as shrimps, snails and the like are introduced according to the wet weight ratio of the aquatic weed to the aquatic animal biomass of about 20: 1, and a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem with stable functions can be formed after 1 week.
The fourth step: the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem is self-operated and managed. After the culture objects are added for formal culture, the growth and distribution conditions of aquatic weeds, shrimps, snails and the like can be observed according to the culture period, the excessively lush aquatic weeds are harvested and removed in turn, and if the biomass of the shrimps, the snails and the like is too much, a small amount of fishes predating the shrimps and the snails can be introduced properly through a biological control method to maintain the sustainable self-operation of the grass-shrimp-snail sub-system in a biological regulation and control mode. The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem can be repeatedly applied to the cultivation of the multi-aquaculture economic animals through once construction.
The fifth step: an application target of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem in the regulation and control of aquaculture environment. The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem matched with the artificial oxygenation equipment can reduce the time for using artificial oxygenation to a great extent, save the electricity cost, improve the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient element circulation in the aquaculture environment, reduce the pressure of the aquaculture environment, reduce the medication cost and play an important role in regulating and controlling the aquaculture environment.
Experimental example:
to be 80m x 50m =4000m 2 The micropterus salmoides are culturedThe grass-shrimp-snail symbiosis subsystem is carried out in the breeding pond as an example, and the construction and application methods of the subsystem are briefly summarized.
(1) And (4) layout setting of the system. Laying 6 rectangular (25m x 7 m) submerged waterweed planting areas according to the pond layout as a grass-shrimp-snail sub-system layout area, wherein the distribution positions are shown in figure 1;
(2) The hydrilla verticillata and the eel grass are intercropped in a system layout area to construct a aquatic grass community, and the occupied area of the aquatic grass community is about 1050m 2 According to an interspecies distribution layout, as shown in FIG. 1;
(3) 1.2 million hydrilla verticillata and 4.5 million bitter herbs are planted together according to the design that the intercropping distance is 10cm, the biomass of each fresh weight of the hydrilla verticillata is 3g, the weight of the bitter herbs is 2g, 36kg of the hydrilla verticillata and 90kg of the bitter herbs are planted, after stabilization, healthy and active macrobrachium nipponensis and periwinkle snail are evenly added into a aquatic weed community, and the two types of small aquatic animals are 1.5kg and 4.5kg respectively, so that the establishment of a grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic sub-system can be completed;
(4) The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem self-operation management and protection. After the culture object micropterus salmoides is added for formal culture, the growth and distribution conditions of aquatic weeds, shrimps, snails and the like can be observed according to the culture period, the excessively lush aquatic weeds can be harvested and removed in turn, and the shrimps and the snails can be preyed by the culture object micropterus salmoides to maintain the sustainable self-operation of the grass-shrimp-snail sub-system. The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic subsystem can be repeatedly applied to the cultivation of the multi-aquaculture economic animals through once construction, and is a sustainable and cyclic low-carbon environment-friendly cultivation environment control model.
In conclusion, although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic culture water environment regulation subsystem comprises a fish pond (1) and is characterized in that: the fish pond (1) comprises aquatic plants mainly comprising submerged plants, small aquatic animals, an oxygenation component and cultured fishes;
the aquatic weeds are used for absorbing and converting and utilizing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements, and the circulation of substances such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like is increased;
the small aquatic animals are used for assisting aquatic weeds to carry out photosynthesis.
2. The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic aquaculture water environment subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygenation assembly is used to increase oxygen in a fish pond (1), the small aquatic animals also serving as food for fish farming.
3. The subsystem for grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation of aquaculture water environment of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the aquatic weeds are also used for providing oxygen in the fish pond (1) and providing a living environment for small aquatic animals.
4. The grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic aquaculture water environment sub-system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the small aquatic animals are also used to increase the flow path of matter and energy in the fish pond (1).
5. The application method of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation aquaculture water environment subsystem as claimed in claims 1-4 is characterized in that: the fish pond (1) is provided with a layout area (2), aquatic plants mainly comprising submerged plants are planted in the layout area (2), the submerged plants comprise hydrilla verticillata and eel grass, and the hydrilla verticillata and the eel grass are planted at intervals.
6. The application method of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation aquaculture water environment subsystem according to the claim 5, characterized in that: the small aquatic animals in the fish pond (1) comprise macrobrachium, radishes and cyclina, and the cultured fishes in the fish pond (1) comprise high-economic-benefit carnivorous aquatic economic animals such as weever, mandarin fish and snakehead.
7. The application method of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation aquaculture water environment subsystem according to the claim 6, characterized in that: the center point of pond (1) puts and is provided with the oxygenation subassembly, the oxygenation subassembly is including dialling movable plate (5), solid fixed ring (6), bracing piece (7), axis of rotation (8), supporting seat (9), the through-hole has been seted up on the outer wall of one side of dialling movable plate (5), install on the outer wall of one side of solid fixed ring (6) on one side of dialling movable plate (5), the inner wall of solid fixed ring (6) is connected with the one end of bracing piece (7).
8. The application method of the grass-shrimp-snail symbiotic regulation aquaculture aquatic environment subsystem as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the other end of the supporting rod (7) is installed on the outer wall of one side of the rotating shaft (8), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (8) is connected with the inner wall of the supporting seat (9), the outer wall of one side of the supporting seat (9) is installed in the fishpond (1), and a driving element is arranged inside the supporting seat (9) and used for driving the rotating shaft (8) to rotate.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105961283A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-09-28 | 中山诺顿科研技术服务有限公司 | Outdoor aquaculture system |
| CN114590902A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆大方生态环境治理股份有限公司 | Fish and grass symbiotic ecological fishing pond and fishery culture sewage treatment method |
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2022
- 2022-09-02 CN CN202211076825.2A patent/CN115380852A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105961283A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-09-28 | 中山诺顿科研技术服务有限公司 | Outdoor aquaculture system |
| CN114590902A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆大方生态环境治理股份有限公司 | Fish and grass symbiotic ecological fishing pond and fishery culture sewage treatment method |
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