CN110278892B - Zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides - Google Patents
Zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110278892B CN110278892B CN201910654812.0A CN201910654812A CN110278892B CN 110278892 B CN110278892 B CN 110278892B CN 201910654812 A CN201910654812 A CN 201910654812A CN 110278892 B CN110278892 B CN 110278892B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- seedling raising
- water outlet
- pond
- fry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 241001125889 Micropterus salmoides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 289
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006481 Colocasia esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000205754 Colocasia esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003283 Pachira macrocarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000001085 Trapa natans Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014364 Trapa natans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000267222 Brasenia schreberi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006506 Brasenia schreberi Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209490 Nymphaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016791 Nymphaea odorata subsp odorata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002636 Zizania aquatica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010415 tidying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001506940 Alpinia japonica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001632576 Hyacinthus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003417 Plumeria rubra f acutifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000040691 Plumeria rubra f. acutifolia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000555922 Potamogeton crispus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001083841 Aquatica Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000049624 Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000257727 Allium fistulosum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008553 Allium fistulosum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000288015 Bambusicola <bird> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000756999 Potamogetonaceae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000383558 Thalia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001518821 Typha orientalis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000000300 Zizania aquatica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 claims 1
- -1 rrowhead Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000233890 Alisma plantago Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017300 Alisma plantago Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000383620 Allium mongolicum Species 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062511 Salangidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000205578 Thalictrum Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000260 Typha latifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000746966 Zizania Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017965 Asarum canadense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000385 Costus speciosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008436 Ipomoea aquatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019004 Ipomoea aquatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001536526 Nuphar pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000722195 Potamogeton Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000111146 Sonchus arvensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008132 Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046101 Sophora japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010586 Sophora japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000606265 Valeriana jatamansi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014687 Zingiber zerumbet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009360 water arrowhead Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000209045 water arrowhead Species 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a zero-emission temperature-control micropterus salmoides fry breeding method, which belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and comprises the steps of site selection and treatment, installation of a filtering device and a heating pipeline, artificial wetland plant cultivation, cleaning and finishing of a fry breeding pond, water temperature control, fry feeding, culture management, large-size fry breeding and the like. The method can cultivate large-size micropterus salmoides fries, achieves the goal of cultivating into the market in the same year, avoids feeding icy fresh fish in the whole cultivation process, and can save cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a zero-emission temperature-controlled seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides.
Background
With the rise of ecological civilization construction as a national strategy, in the face of severe situations of resource constraint trend, serious environmental pollution and ecological system degradation, an ecological civilization concept which respects nature, conforms to nature and protects nature must be established, and a sustainable development road is taken. The traditional aquaculture industry has the advantages of high input, high output and high discharge, low water resource utilization rate, high pollution and environmental friendliness.
The modern industrial aquaculture is the general direction of industry development, the basic idea is to achieve zero emission (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), the basic requirement is to establish a closed internal circulation aquaculture system taking environment protection as a starting point, and the core technology is a water quality treatment technology and a temperature control technology. Various technologies are applied to the temperature-controllable circulating system for treatment, so that food residual baits, fish shoal excretions and harmful substances and germs carried by the aquaculture water body are effectively treated, the level of high-quality aquaculture water body is reached, and the aim of recycling the aquaculture water is fulfilled. Due to the recycling of the culture water and the control of the temperature, the culture water quality is ensured to be good, the operation cost is reduced, the culture efficiency is improved, and zero discharge or minimum discharge is achieved, so that the aims of environmental protection and ecological culture are fulfilled. The conventional water temperature adjustment mainly comprises the following three methods: (1) coal burning produces a large amount of CO2, sulfide and dust, which pollutes the environment, and the coal burning boiler is gradually eliminated; (2) electric heating, which is directly adopted and has no pollution but high cost; (3) a ground source heat pump: basically, the method is pollution-free, but needs a large amount of investment in the early stage, is difficult to construct deeply buried pipes, is limited by geological conditions, and needs to consume a certain amount of electric energy during use.
Micropterus salmoides (Micropterus salmoides) are carnivorous fishes which are delicious in meat quality, free of muscle thorns, fast in growth, easy to catch and wide in temperature application, artificial breeding of the Micropterus salmoides is rapidly developed in recent years, the total yield of the Micropterus salmoides is more than 30 million tons in 2016, the price is maintained to be more than 10 yuan/500 g, the yield is not less than 50%, and the method is higher than that of other common bred freshwater fishes (Chinese fishery statistics yearbook, 2017). The Guangdong accounts for more than 60% of the total yield, Jiangsu culture is mainly concentrated on Suzhou and Nanjing and only accounts for about 10% of the total yield, and the culture scale has a large rising space. The water temperature in spring in the region north of Yangtze river is low and cannot reach the water temperature required by reproduction of Micropterus salmoides, local artificial breeding fingerlings need to be bred in 3 months and temporarily indoors after 4 months, and the fingerlings can be placed in a pond after the outdoor water temperature is raised to about 15 ℃, so that the problems that the culture specification is small in the current year and the fingerlings cannot be listed on the market exist, and the culture period is long and the cost is high due to the fact that the fingerlings are bred in the second year. The micropterus salmoides belong to carnivorous fishes, are fed with fresh ice fishes or mixed with feed in the past, are easy to pollute water, and meanwhile, due to the implementation of the national fishing prohibition period, the price of the fresh ice fishes is continuously increased, and the culture cost is continuously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a zero-emission temperature-controlled breeding method for micropterus salmoides, which can be used for breeding large-size micropterus salmoides, realize the goal of marketing in the same year, avoid feeding ice fresh fish in the whole breeding process and save the cost.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and processing: selecting a site with an industrial aquaculture workshop, dividing a culture area and a water treatment area in the industrial aquaculture workshop, arranging a plurality of seedling raising ponds in the culture area, arranging an artificial wetland in the water treatment area, arranging a circulating water channel communicated with the seedling raising ponds in a surrounding manner on the peripheral side of the culture area, arranging a culture water outlet between the circulating water channel and the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland for communicating the circulating water channel and the artificial wetland, and connecting a clean water pipeline on the water treatment output end of the artificial wetland through a water pump and extending the clean water pipeline to the seedling raising ponds; in a seedling growing season (from the bottom of 12 months to 4 months of the next year), a seedling growing pool and an artificial wetland are subjected to totally-closed heat preservation by using plastic films, the plastic films above the seedling growing pool are 2-2.5 m higher than the ground so as to leave a space for personnel to walk, the artificial wetland is loosely covered, and a certain growing space for aquatic plants is reserved;
s2, installation of the filtering device and the heating pipeline: a filtering device is arranged at the side of the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland and is used for filtering and preliminarily absorbing the culture wastewater; a heating pipe made of stainless steel is laid in the circulating water channel, a water body is contained in the heating pipe, a water pump is arranged on the heating pipe, the water pump is used as power to drive the circulation of the water body in the heating pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet of the heating pipe are gathered at one side and connected with a gas boiler, the gas boiler uses pipeline gas as fuel to perform temperature-controlled internal circulation heating on the water body in the heating pipe for heat exchange of aquaculture water;
s3, artificial wetland plant cultivation: planting emergent aquatic plants, root bulb plants and floating plants in the artificial wetland, wherein the emergent aquatic plants comprise cattail, calamus, wild rice stem, umbrellas bambusae, allium mongolicum regel, wild ginger, alopecuroides, thalictrum crenata and the like, the floating plants comprise water hyacinth, Japanese pagodatree leaves , water lily, Nuphar pumila, eyeweed, water shield and the like, the root bulb plants comprise taro, water chestnut, rhizoma alismatis, water plantain, arrowhead and the like, and some submerged plants, such as potamogeton crispus, watermifusus, waterweed and sowthistle and the like, are planted at the side of the water treatment output end of the artificial wetland; the work is carried out in advance, some green varieties which can grow in autumn and winter are selected as much as possible, a certain amount of evergreen plants are kept, the evergreen plants in the wetland are treated by water in seedling culture seasons, and water in other culture times can be treated together;
s4, cleaning and tidying the seedling raising pond: preparing enough seedling raising ponds according to the seedling raising quantity of the current year, disinfecting and cleaning the fries 3-5 days before purchase, and thoroughly disinfecting by using potassium permanganate or quicklime to thoroughly kill pathogenic microorganisms and provide a proper growth environment for the fries;
s5, water temperature control: cleaning and finishing the seedling raising pool, injecting water to a water level suitable for raising seedlings of micropterus salmoides, then starting a gas boiler to heat the water body in the heating pipe, and adjusting the water temperature in the heating pipe to maintain the water temperature in the seedling raising pool at 22-25 ℃;
s6, fry throwing: the fry (about 2000 fish/kg) which is purchased from Guangdong by using a special transport vehicle and is acclimatized to eat feed is put into a nursery pond in 1 to 3 months,at 1200 tail/m3Putting the fry into seedling raising ponds according to the density of the water body, and recording the stocking amount of each seedling raising pond;
s7, cultivation management: feeding special feed for micropterus salmoides, and adjusting the feeding amount of each time according to the feeding condition; the method comprises the following steps of (1) gradually increasing the feeding amount of feed along with the growth of fish fries, gradually increasing the metabolic amount of fish bodies, reducing dissolved oxygen in a water body, increasing the ammonia nitrogen level, increasing residual baits and excrement, and maintaining the water temperature of a seedling raising pond at 22-25 ℃ until the end of a seedling raising season; monitoring the dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen content in the nursery pond every day so as to take measures in time, dividing the grown fish fry into ponds in time to reduce the density of the fish fry, disturbing residual bait and excrement deposited at the bottom of the pond every day at regular time, and discharging the residual bait and excrement out of the nursery pond in time; when the quality of the culture water is poor, the number of the filtering devices is increased, or the cultivation amount of aquatic plants is increased properly, or the circulating water amount is adjusted in time, so that the replacement of the culture water in the nursery pond is accelerated, and the quality of the culture water in the nursery pond is kept to meet the standard requirement;
s8, breeding large-size fingerlings: selling large-sized fingerlings when the fry grow to 60-100 fish/kg, wherein the large-sized fingerlings can be directly placed into a fishpond for culture, or arranging a culture pond in the culture area in step S1 in advance, and distributing part of the large-sized fingerlings into the culture pond for continuous culture, wherein special feed for micropterus salmoides is fed in the whole culture process;
in the step S2, the filtering device includes an inner tube, a central tube, a filtering cylinder, and an outer cylinder with a closed bottom, the bottom of the inner tube is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder, the bottoms of the central tube and the filtering cylinder are both completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the inner tube is completely attached to the inner wall of the central tube, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the filtering cylinder, at least two vertically arranged partition boards are fixed in the annular gap at equal intervals along the circumference thereof, the bottoms of the partition boards are completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder, two end sides of the partition boards are respectively and fixedly connected to the central tube and the filtering cylinder, the annular gap is divided into at least three separated cavities by the partition boards, wherein two adjacent cavities are respectively a water inlet cavity and a water outlet cavity, filter particles (such as filter ceramic and adsorption plastic particles) are placed in each containing cavity, the upper end of the inner tube body is communicated with the culture water outlet in the step S1, a first water inlet is formed in the position, opposite to the water inlet containing cavity, of the inner tube body, a second water inlet which is at the same height as the first water inlet is formed in the central tube between every two adjacent partition plates, the distance between every two adjacent second water inlets is equal, the partition plates between the water inlet containing cavity and the water outlet containing cavity are completely closed, water passing ports are formed in the upper parts of the other partition plates, a first water outlet is formed in the upper part of the filter cylinder between every two adjacent partition plates, the distance between every two adjacent first water outlets is equal, a second water outlet which is at the same height as the first water outlet is formed in the position, opposite to the water outlet containing cavity, of the outer tube body is connected with a water outlet pipe extending, when the second water inlet corresponding to the water inlet cavity is aligned with the first water inlet, the first water outlet corresponding to the water outlet cavity is aligned with the water outlet pipe; the top of interior body is higher than the top of center tube, the top of center tube is higher than the top of outer barrel, the top parallel and level of filter cylinder is in the top of outer barrel, the top of outer barrel is equipped with the clearance formula and establishes the sealed apron in the center tube upper end, be fixed with the handle that extends to the outside on the upper end outer wall of center tube.
Furthermore, a supporting plate with the periphery attached to the corresponding side wall is arranged at the bottom of each containing cavity in the annular gap, and a lifting rod vertically extending upwards to a height not higher than the top of the filtering cylinder is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the supporting plate. The supporting plate can be lifted upwards through the lifting rod, so that the filtering particles in the containing cavity can be conveniently lifted and replaced.
Furthermore, the sealing cover plate is fixed on the outer cylinder body, and a fan-shaped opening which is opposite to the water inlet containing cavity is formed in the sealing cover plate. The opening and closing of the sealing cover plate are not needed when the filtering particles are replaced, the corresponding accommodating cavity can be directly rotated to the opening of the sealing cover plate, and the filtering particles in the accommodating cavity can be replaced.
After the large-scale fingerlings of the micropterus salmoides are subsequently cultured, the micropterus salmoides can grow to about 400 g/tail in the middle of 9 months to 10 months and reach the specification of marketing, and the adult micropterus salmoides can be caught and sold.
In a word, the method adopts early temperature-controlled cultivation of micropterus salmoides (purchased from Guangdong Buddha mountain, about 2000 fish/kg, domesticated and eaten with feed), controls the water temperature at 20-25 ℃ (only a few degrees outdoors), optimizes the water quality by adopting methods such as filtration, sedimentation, plant adsorption and the like, quickly cultivates large-size micropterus salmoides, and has the survival rate of over 60 percent. Culturing in pond in late and middle ten days of 4 months, and getting on the market in the period from the end of 9 months to the upper ten days of 10 months, thereby obtaining large market share and profit; and the special feed for the micropterus salmoides is used in the whole breeding process, so that the management is convenient and the cost is saved.
3. Advantageous effects
(1) According to the invention, the heating pipe is laid in the circulating water channel, and the gas boiler using pipeline gas as fuel is used for carrying out temperature-controlled internal circulation heating on the water body in the heating pipe, so that the difficulty in gas access is small based on the condition that the gas is densely distributed in a pipe network at present; the gas is completely combusted, the combustion value is large, and the generated pollutants are less; the water temperature control is simple and easy to implement, the gas-fired boiler can be started at any time, the temperature can be freely controlled, and the water temperature of the seedling raising pool can be accurately controlled.
(2) The invention uses the latest ecological culture concept, and the culture wastewater is purified by the artificial wetland and then returns to the culture area to be used as culture water, thereby realizing the recycling of the culture water body and really realizing zero emission. The invention is provided with a filtering device in the artificial wetland and planted with emergent aquatic plants, root bulb plants, floating plants and submerged plants, and the process of purifying the culture water is as follows: the filter particles in the filter device can remove a part of the sewage in the sewage entering the artificial wetland in advance, the rest sewage is treated by sedimentation, filtration and the like of the wetland, the residual bait and excrement can be removed to the maximum extent, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water can be supplied to green plants for growth and can be adsorbed by the plants, and the water body is thoroughly purified. Thus, the quality standard of the culture water body is ensured, and additional products such as water chestnuts, taros, arrowheads and the like can be harvested.
(3) The filtering device comprises an inner tube body, a central tube, a filtering cylinder and an outer cylinder body which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, wherein the inner tube body is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder body, an annular gap is formed between the central tube and the filtering cylinder body, the annular gap is internally separated into at least three mutually isolated containing cavities by partition plates, filtering particles such as filtering ceramics and adsorbing plastic particles are placed in each containing cavity, two adjacent containing cavities are respectively a water inlet containing cavity and a water outlet containing cavity, the upper parts of the partition plates on the two sides of the other containing cavities are respectively provided with a water through hole, the inner tube body is provided with a first water inlet at the position opposite to the water inlet containing cavity, the central tube between every two adjacent partition plates is provided with a second water inlet at the same height as the first water inlet, the upper part of the filtering cylinder between every two adjacent partition plates is provided with a first water outlet, and the outer cylinder body is provided with a second water outlet at the same height as the A water outlet pipe extending outwards is connected. When in use, the culture water enters the inner pipe body from the culture water outlet and then enters the water inlet cavity from the first water inlet and the second water inlet aligned with the first water inlet, and the water body contacts the filter particles in the cavity to realize primary filtration along with the accumulation of the water body in the cavity, when the liquid level in the containing cavity rises to the height of the water through hole, water body after primary filtration enters an adjacent containing cavity from the water through hole on the partition plate on one side of the containing cavity, contacts with the filter particles to carry out secondary filtration similarly, then enters the next containing cavity along with the rising of the liquid level, and so on, the water body enters the water outlet containing cavity after being filtered for many times, filtered in the cavity and enters the water outlet pipe from a first water outlet corresponding to the water outlet cavity and a second water outlet aligned with the first water outlet, finally, the water is discharged into the aquatic plant cultivation area in the artificial wetland along the water outlet pipe, so that the cultivation water is fully filtered. In addition, because the pollution degree of the filter particles in the water inlet cavity is the highest, and the pollution degree of the filter particles in the water outlet cavity is the lowest, when the filter particles need to be replaced, the filter particles in the water inlet cavity are replaced first, then the central tube is rotated, so that the containing cavity with the replaced filter particles is rotated to the position of the original water outlet containing cavity, namely, the first water outlet corresponding to the original water inlet cavity is aligned with the second water outlet, meanwhile, the second water inlet corresponding to the second cavity through which the original water body passes is aligned with the first water inlet to form a new water inlet cavity, thereby ensuring the condition that the pollution degrees of filter particles are sequentially sequenced from the water inlet cavity to the water outlet cavity from high to low, and further ensuring the process of filtering the water body step by step, and then can ensure the filtration efficiency and the effect of water, still be favorable to promoting to carry out reasonable and abundant utilization to filtering particle.
(4) By utilizing an industrial circulating water facility, the temperature-controlled breeding of the micropterus salmoides is carried out in a factory from 1-3 months, after large-size fingerlings are bred, the micropterus salmoides are bred in separate ponds outdoors, the marketable specification can be reached by 9 months, and the special feed for the micropterus salmoides is used in the whole breeding process, so that the feeding of ice fresh fish is avoided, the management is convenient, and the cost is saved.
In conclusion, the method can cultivate large-size micropterus salmoides fries by combined application of the water temperature control technology and the water quality treatment technology, achieves the goal of cultivating into the market in the same year, avoids feeding ice fresh fish in the whole cultivation process, can save cost, achieves the goals of shortening cultivation period, effectively reducing cultivation risk, accelerating capital turnover, improving pond utilization rate, saving energy, protecting environment and realizing zero emission, and promotes the healthy and continuous development of micropterus salmoides cultivation industry in northern Yangtze river.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a farm according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the filter arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the filter assembly with the sealing cover 33 removed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of section A-A in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structures of inner tube 21 and central tube 22 in fig. 3.
Reference numerals: 1. a seedling raising pond; 2. a culture pond; 3. a gate; 4. a valve; 5. a water outlet; 6. filtering the ceramic; 7. adsorbing plastic particles; 8. emerging plants; 9. a root bulb plant; 10. floating the plant; 11. submerged plants; 12. a water pump; 13. a gas boiler; 14. cleaning a water pipeline; 15. heating a tube; 16. a culture water outlet; 21. an inner tube body; 22. a central tube; 23. a filter cylinder; 24. an outer cylinder; 25. an annular gap; 26. a separator plate; 27. a first water inlet; 28. a second water inlet; 29. a water inlet; 30. a water inlet cavity; 31. a first water outlet; 32. a water outlet pipe; 33. sealing the cover plate; 34. a handle; 35. a support plate; 36. lifting a pull rod; 37. an opening; and 40, a water outlet cavity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
In 2018, a zero-emission temperature-controlled breeding method for micropterus salmoides is adopted for breeding micropterus salmoides, and the breeding process is as follows:
the zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for the micropterus salmoides comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and processing: the implementation of the invention can be carried out in all places where industrial aquaculture workshops are built, a culture area and a water treatment area are divided in the industrial aquaculture workshops, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of seedling raising ponds 1 and a plurality of culture ponds 2 are arranged in the culture area, an artificial wetland is arranged in the water treatment area, a circulating water channel is arranged around the periphery of the culture area, gates 3 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the seedling raising ponds 1 and the culture ponds 2 are arranged on the inner ring side of the circulating water channel, and water outlets 5 are arranged on the seedling raising ponds 1 and the culture ponds 2 towards one sides of the corresponding gates 3; a culture water outlet 16 is arranged between the circulating water channel and the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland and is communicated with the circulating water channel and the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland, the water treatment output end of the artificial wetland is connected with a clean water pipeline 14 through a water pump 12 and extends to a position between the seedling raising pond 1 and the culture pond 2, one sides of the seedling raising pond 1 and the culture pond 2, which face the clean water pipeline 14, are provided with water inlets, and the water inlets are provided with valves 4; totally sealing and insulating the nursery pond 1 and the artificial wetland by using a plastic film at the bottom of 12 months in 2017, wherein the plastic film above the nursery pond 1 is 2m higher than the ground so as to leave a space for personnel to walk, and the artificial wetland only needs to be loosely covered and provide a certain growth space for aquatic plants;
s2, installation of the filtering device and the heating pipe 15: as shown in fig. 1, a filtering device is arranged at the side of the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland and is used for filtering and primarily absorbing the aquaculture wastewater; a heating pipe 15 made of stainless steel is laid in the circulating water channel, a water body is contained in the heating pipe 15, a water pump 12 is arranged on the heating pipe 15, the water pump 12 is used as power to drive the circulation of the water body in the heating pipe 15, a water inlet and a water outlet 5 of the heating pipe 15 are gathered at one side and connected with a gas boiler 13, the gas boiler 13 uses pipeline gas as fuel to perform temperature-controlled internal circulation heating on the water body in the heating pipe 15 for heat exchange of aquaculture water;
s3, artificial wetland plant cultivation: as shown in figure 1, emergent aquatic plants 8, root bulb plants 9 and floating plants 10 are planted in the artificial wetland, the emergent aquatic plants 8 are such as cattail, calamus, wild rice stem, umbrellas albuginea, allium mongolicum regel, alpinia japonica, alopecuroides, thalictrum crenata, etc., the floating plants 10 are such as hyacinth, pagodatree leaf , water lily, Nupharia pumila, water spinach, water shield, etc., the root bulb plants 9 are such as taro, water chestnut, rhizoma alismatis, water plantain, arrowhead, etc., some submerged plants 11 are planted at the side of the water treatment output end of the artificial wetland, such as potamogeton crispa, watermifoil algae, waterweed, etc.; the work is carried out in advance, some green varieties which can grow in autumn and winter are selected as much as possible, a certain amount of evergreen plants are kept, the evergreen plants in the wetland are treated by water in seedling culture seasons, and water in other culture times can be treated together;
s4, cleaning and tidying the seedling raising pond 1: preparing enough seedling raising ponds 1 according to the seedling raising quantity of the current year, disinfecting and cleaning 3 days before the fry is purchased, thoroughly disinfecting by using potassium permanganate, thoroughly killing pathogenic microorganisms and providing a proper growth environment for the fry;
s5, water temperature control: cleaning and finishing the seedling raising pool 1, injecting water to a proper water level (suitable for raising seedlings of micropterus salmoides), starting a boiler to heat the water body in the heating pipe 15, and adjusting the water temperature in the heating pipe 15 to maintain the water temperature of the seedling raising pool 1 at 22-25 ℃ until the seedling raising season is finished;
s6, fry throwing: purchasing fries (about 2000 fries/kg) domesticated with feed from Guangdong by using a special transport vehicle in 2018 in 1 month, putting the fries into a nursery pond 1, and keeping the fries at 1200 tails/m3The fry is put in the water bodyEntering the seedling raising pond 1, and recording the stocking amount of each seedling raising pond 1;
s7, cultivation management: feeding special feed for micropterus salmoides, and adjusting the feeding amount of each time according to the feeding condition; the feeding amount of the feed is gradually increased along with the growth of the fry, the metabolic amount of the fish body is gradually increased, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is reduced, the ammonia nitrogen level is increased, the residual bait and the excrement are also increased, the dissolved oxygen amount and the ammonia nitrogen content in the fry rearing pond 1 are monitored every day so as to take measures in time, the grown fry is separated into ponds in time to reduce the density of the fry, the residual bait and the excrement precipitated at the bottom of the pond are disturbed every day at regular time, and the fry is discharged out of the fry rearing pond 1 in time; if the quality of the culture water is poor, the number of the filtering devices can be increased, the cultivation amount of aquatic plants can be properly increased, the circulating water amount can be adjusted in time, the replacement of the culture water in the seedling raising pond 1 is accelerated, and the water quality of the seedling raising pond 1 is kept to meet the standard requirement;
s8, breeding large-size fingerlings: after about 80 days, selling large-size fish seeds when the fry grows to 60-100 fish seeds/kg, setting different selling prices according to different specifications, and settling the sales amount every day; at the moment, the outdoor water temperature rises, the fingerlings can be directly put into a fishpond for continuous culture, or can be put into an existing culture pond 2 for culture, and the special feed for micropterus salmoides is fed in the whole culture process, so that the use of iced fresh fish is avoided;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the filtering apparatus in the step S2 includes an inner tube 21, a central tube 22, a filtering cylinder 23, and an outer cylinder 24 with a closed bottom, which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the bottom of the inner tube 21 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder 24, the bottoms of the central tube 22 and the filtering cylinder 23 are completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder 24, the outer wall of the inner tube 21 is completely attached to the inner wall of the central tube 22, an annular gap 25 is formed between the outer wall of the central tube 22 and the inner wall of the filtering cylinder 23, at least two vertically arranged partition plates 26 (three partition plates 26 are shown in fig. 3) are fixed in the annular gap 25 at equal intervals along the circumference thereof, the bottoms of the partition plates 26 are completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder 24, and the two end sides of the partition plates 26 are respectively and fixedly connected to the central tube 22 and the filtering cylinder 23, the annular gap 25 is divided into at least three chambers (four chambers are shown in fig. 3) separated from each other by partition plates 26, wherein two adjacent chambers are a water inlet chamber 30 and a water outlet chamber 40, filter particles (such as filter ceramic 6 and adsorption plastic particles 7) are respectively placed in each chamber, the upper end of the inner pipe body 21 is communicated with the culture water outlet in step S1, as shown in fig. 5, a first water inlet 27 is formed in a position of the inner pipe body 21 facing the water inlet chamber 30, a second water inlet 28 at the same height as the first water inlet 27 is formed in a central pipe 22 between every two adjacent partition plates 26, the distance between every two adjacent second water inlets 28 is equal, the partition plates 26 between the water inlet chamber 30 and the water outlet chamber 40 are completely closed, water through ports 29 are formed in the upper portions of the other partition plates 26, a first water outlet 31 is formed in the upper portion of the filter cylinder 23 between every two adjacent partition plates 26, the distance between every two adjacent first water outlets 31 is equal, a second water outlet at the same height as the first water outlets 31 is formed in the position, opposite to the water outlet cavity 40, on the outer cylinder 24, and is connected with a water outlet pipe 32 extending towards the outer side, and when the second water inlet 28 corresponding to the water inlet cavity 30 is aligned with the first water inlet 27, the first water outlet 31 corresponding to the water outlet cavity 40 is aligned with the second water outlet; the top of the inner tube 21 is higher than the top of the central tube 22, the top of the central tube 22 is higher than the top of the outer tube 24, the top of the filter cylinder 23 is flush with the top of the outer tube 24, the top of the outer tube 24 is provided with a sealing cover plate 33 which is arranged at the upper end of the central tube 22 in a clearance type, and a handle 34 which extends towards the outside is fixed on the outer wall of the upper end of the central tube 22, so that the central tube 22 is driven to rotate.
In order to facilitate lifting up of the filtered particles at the bottom of the cavities, as shown in fig. 4, a supporting plate 35 with a periphery attached to the corresponding side wall is disposed at the bottom of each cavity in the annular gap 25, and a lifting rod 36 vertically extending upwards to a height not higher than the top of the filtering cylinder 23 is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the supporting plate 35. The supporting plate 35 can be lifted upwards by the lifting rod 36, so that the filtering particles in the containing cavity can be conveniently lifted and replaced.
In order to avoid the opening and closing operation of the sealing cover plate 33, as shown in fig. 2, the sealing cover plate 33 is fixed on the outer cylinder 24, and the sealing cover plate 33 is provided with a fan-shaped opening 37 facing the water inlet cavity 30. The filter particles in the corresponding cavities can be directly rotated to the opening 37 of the sealing cover plate 33 when the filter particles are replaced, and then the filter particles in the cavities can be replaced.
The specific action process of the filter device is as follows:
the culture water enters the inner pipe body 21 from the culture water outlet and then enters the water inlet cavity 30 from the first water inlet 27 and the second water inlet 28 aligned with the first water inlet, and as the water body accumulates in the cavity, the water body contacts the filter particles in the cavity to realize primary filtration, when the liquid level in the containing cavity rises to the height of the water through hole 29, the water body after primary filtration enters an adjacent containing cavity from the water through hole 29 on the partition plate 26 on one side of the containing cavity, contacts with the filter particles for secondary filtration in the same way, then enters the next containing cavity along with the rising of the liquid level, and so on, the water body enters the water outlet containing cavity 40 after being filtered for many times, after being filtered in the cavity, the filtered water enters the water outlet pipe 32 from the first water outlet 31 corresponding to the water outlet cavity 40 and the second water outlet aligned with the first water outlet, and finally is discharged along the water outlet pipe 32 to enter an aquatic plant cultivation area in the artificial wetland;
according to the flow path of the water body, the pollution degree of the filter particles in the water inlet cavity 30 is the highest, meanwhile, the pollution degree of the filter particles in the water outlet cavity 40 is the lowest, when the filter particles need to be replaced, the filter particles in the water inlet cavity 30 are replaced first, the center tube 22 is then rotated so that the chamber with the replaced filter particles is rotated to the original outlet chamber 40 position, namely, the first water outlet 31 corresponding to the original water inlet cavity 30 is aligned with the second water outlet, and at the same time, the second water inlet 28 corresponding to the second cavity through which the original water body passes is aligned with the first water inlet 27 to form a new water inlet cavity 30, so that the condition that the pollution degrees of the filter particles are sequentially sequenced from the water inlet cavity 30 to the water outlet cavity 40 from high to low is ensured, therefore, the process of filtering the water body step by step can be ensured, and the filtering efficiency and effect of the water body can be further ensured; in addition, by analogy with the process of replacing the filter particles, the filter particles in each containing cavity can be replaced in sequence according to the dirt degree of the filter particles, and the filter particles are favorably and fully utilized reasonably.
After the large-scale micropterus salmoides are subsequently cultured, at the end of 2018 and 9 months, most micropterus salmoides grow to about 400 g/tail, reach the marketing specification, can be listed before the foreign micropterus salmoides are shipped to the market, preempt the market first, have higher price at this moment, and can obtain greater benefits.
The cost and the benefit of breeding the micropterus salmoides by using the zero-emission temperature-controlled seedling raising method of the micropterus salmoides in 2018 are shown in the following table:
example 2
In 2019, a zero-emission temperature-controlled breeding method for micropterus salmoides is adopted to breed the micropterus salmoides, and the breeding process is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
when the temperature is controlled to grow seedlings, in step S1, the seedling raising pool and the artificial wetland are totally sealed and insulated by plastic films in 2019 and 1 month, and the plastic films above the seedling raising pool are 2.5m higher than the ground;
in step S4, sterilizing and cleaning the fry 5 days before the fry is purchased, and thoroughly sterilizing the fry by using quicklime;
in step S6, the fry feeding period is 3 months in 2019;
after the large-scale fingerlings of the Micropterus salmoides are subsequently cultured, most of the Micropterus salmoides grow to about 400 g/tail in the first 10 th month, reach the marketing specification and can be marketed.
The rest is the same as example 1.
The cost and the benefit of breeding the micropterus salmoides by using the zero-emission temperature-controlled seedling raising method of the micropterus salmoides in 2019 are shown in the following table:
according to the method, through practice, data acquisition and analysis are carried out, the temperature-controlled cultivation conditions of the micropterus salmoides fries are optimized, the survival rate and the fry quality can be improved through the combined application of the water temperature control technology and the water quality treatment technology, the survival rate is over 60 percent, stable market supply of large-size fries is realized, the fries are cultivated in the same year and come into the market, the iced fresh fish is prevented from being fed in the whole cultivation process, the cost can be saved, the cultivation period is shortened, the cultivation risk is effectively reduced, the capital turnover is accelerated, the pond utilization rate is improved, the aims of energy conservation, environmental protection and zero emission are fulfilled, and the healthy and continuous development of the micropterus salmoides cultivation industry in northern areas of Yangtze river is.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, site selection and processing: selecting a site with an industrial aquaculture workshop, dividing a culture area and a water treatment area in the industrial aquaculture workshop, arranging a plurality of seedling raising ponds (1) in the culture area, arranging an artificial wetland in the water treatment area, arranging a circulating water channel communicated with the seedling raising ponds (1) around the culture area, arranging a culture water outlet (16) between the circulating water channel and the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland for communicating the circulating water channel and the artificial wetland, and connecting a clean water pipeline (14) on the water treatment output end of the artificial wetland through a water pump (12) and extending the clean water pipeline to the seedling raising ponds (1); in the seedling growing season, the seedling growing pond (1) and the artificial wetland are subjected to totally-closed heat preservation by using plastic films, the plastic films above the seedling growing pond (1) are 2-2.5 m higher than the ground, the artificial wetland is loosely covered, and a certain growing space enough for the aquatic plants is reserved;
s2, installation of the filtering device and the heating pipeline: a filtering device is arranged at the side of the water treatment input end of the artificial wetland; a heating pipe (15) made of stainless steel is laid in the circulating water channel, a water body is contained in the heating pipe (15), a water pump (12) is arranged on the heating pipe (15), and a water inlet and a water outlet of the heating pipe (15) are gathered at one side and connected with a gas boiler (13);
s3, artificial wetland plant cultivation: planting emergent aquatic plants, root bulb plants and floating plants in the artificial wetland, and planting submerged plants at the side of the water treatment output end of the artificial wetland;
s4, cleaning and tidying the seedling raising pond: sterilizing and cleaning 3-5 days before the fry is purchased, and providing a proper growing environment for the fry;
s5, water temperature control: after cleaning and finishing the seedling raising pool (1), injecting water to a water level suitable for raising seedlings of micropterus salmoides, then starting a gas boiler (13) to heat a water body in a heating pipe (15), and adjusting the water temperature in the heating pipe (15) to maintain the water temperature of the seedling raising pool (1) at 22-25 ℃;
s6, fry throwing: purchasing fry with domesticated feed from Guangdong in 1-3 months by using special transport vehicle, placing into a nursery pond (1), and culturing at 1200 tails/m3Putting the fry into the nursery ponds (1) according to the density of the water body, and recording the stocking amount of each nursery pond (1);
s7, cultivation management: feeding special feed for micropterus salmoides, and adjusting the feeding amount of each time according to the feeding condition; the water temperature of the seedling raising pool (1) is maintained at 22-25 ℃ until the seedling raising season is finished; monitoring the dissolved oxygen content and ammonia nitrogen content in the nursery pond (1) every day, dividing the grown fish fries into ponds in time to reduce the density of the fish fries, disturbing residual baits and excrement settled at the bottom of the pond every day at regular time, and discharging the residual baits and excrement out of the nursery pond (1) in time; when the quality of the culture water is poor, the number of the filtering devices is increased, or the cultivation amount of aquatic plants is increased properly, or the circulating water amount is adjusted in time, so that the replacement of the culture water in the seedling raising pond (1) is accelerated, and the quality of the culture water in the seedling raising pond (1) is kept to meet the standard requirement;
s8, breeding large-size fingerlings: selling large-sized fingerlings when the fry grow to 60-100 fish/kg, directly putting the large-sized fingerlings into a fishpond for breeding, and feeding the micropterus salmoides with special feed in the whole breeding process;
the filtering device in the step S2 comprises an inner tube body (21), a central tube (22), a filtering cylinder (23) and an outer cylinder body (24) with a closed bottom, wherein the inner tube body (21), the central tube (22), the filtering cylinder (23) and the outer cylinder body (24) are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the bottom of the inner tube body (21) is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder body (24), the bottoms of the central tube (22) and the filtering cylinder (23) are completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder body (24), an annular gap (25) is formed between the outer wall of the central tube (22) and the inner wall of the filtering cylinder (23), at least two vertically arranged partition plates (26) are fixed in the annular gap (25) at equal intervals along the circumference of the annular gap, the bottoms of the partition plates (26) are completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder body (24), and two end sides of the partition plates (26) are respectively and fixedly connected to the central tube (22) and the, the annular gap (25) is divided into at least three separated cavities by a partition plate (26), wherein two adjacent cavities are a water inlet cavity (30) and a water outlet cavity (40), filter particles are placed in each cavity, the upper end of the inner pipe body (21) is communicated with the culture water outlet (16) in the step S1, a first water inlet (27) is formed in the position, facing the water inlet cavity (30), of the inner pipe body (21), a second water inlet (28) which is at the same height as the first water inlet (27) is formed in a central pipe (22) between every two adjacent partition plates (26), the distance between every two adjacent second water inlets (28) is equal, the partition plate (26) between the water inlet cavity (30) and the water outlet cavity (40) is completely closed, and water through ports (29) are formed in the upper parts of other partition plates (26), the upper part of the filtering cylinder (23) between every two adjacent partition plates (26) is provided with a first water outlet (31), the distance between every two adjacent first water outlets (31) is equal, a second water outlet which is at the same height as the first water outlet (31) is arranged on the position, facing the water outlet cavity (40), of the outer cylinder body (24) and is connected with a water outlet pipe (32) extending towards the outer side, and when a second water inlet (28) corresponding to the water inlet cavity (30) is aligned with the first water inlet (27), the first water outlet (31) corresponding to the water outlet cavity (40) is aligned with the water outlet pipe (32); the top of interior body (21) is higher than the top of center tube (22), the top of center tube (22) is higher than the top of outer barrel (24), the top parallel and level of filter cylinder (23) are in the top of outer barrel (24), the top of outer barrel (24) is equipped with clearance formula cover and establishes sealed apron (33) in center tube (22) upper end, be fixed with handle (34) that extend to the outside on the upper end outer wall of center tube (22).
2. The zero-emission temperature-controlled weever fry breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation of the sterilization in the step S4 is as follows: potassium permanganate or quicklime is used for thorough disinfection, and pathogenic microorganisms are thoroughly killed.
3. The zero-emission temperature-controlled breeding method for the micropterus salmoides according to claim 1, wherein a breeding pond (2) is arranged in the breeding area in step S1 in advance, when the fry grow to 60-100 fries/kg, part of the fries are inoculated into the breeding pond (2) to continue breeding, and the special feed for the micropterus salmoides is fed in the whole breeding process.
4. The zero-emission temperature-controlled seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the emergent aquatic plant is at least one of typha orientalis, calamus, zizania aquatica, umbrellas bambusicola, allium fistulosum, alpinia japonica, alopecuroptera aquatica and thalia reoccum, the floating plant is at least one of hyacinth, pagodatree leaf , water lily, Nupharia pumila, pondweed and brasenia schreberi, the root bulb plant is at least one of taro, water chestnut, Alisma orientale, canna aquatica and arrowhead, and the submerged plant is at least one of curly pondweed, watermifoil, waterweed and eel grass.
5. The zero-emission temperature-controlled weever fry breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, a supporting plate (35) with the periphery attached to the corresponding side wall is arranged at the bottom of each cavity in the annular gap (25) of the filtering device, and a lifting rod (36) vertically extending upwards to a height not higher than the top of the filtering cylinder (23) is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the supporting plate (35).
6. The zero-emission temperature-controlled weever fry breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the sealing cover plate (33) of the filtering device is fixed on the outer cylinder (24), and the sealing cover plate (33) is provided with a fan-shaped opening (37) facing the water inlet cavity (30).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910654812.0A CN110278892B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910654812.0A CN110278892B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110278892A CN110278892A (en) | 2019-09-27 |
| CN110278892B true CN110278892B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
Family
ID=68023363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910654812.0A Active CN110278892B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110278892B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296106A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-19 | 黄炳南 | Controllable three-dimensional planting and breeding circulator |
| CN111758620B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-05-06 | 淮阴师范学院 | Out-of-season breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
| CN111771773A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-16 | 湖州海皇生物科技有限公司 | Domesticating method suitable for weever in central and north regions |
| CN113711972A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-30 | 渤海水产育种(海南)有限公司 | Water treatment facilities is bred to breeding shrimp |
| CN113598100B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-08-19 | 贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站 | Three-dimensional planting and breeding method of rhizoma alismatis, whitmania pigra and hyriopsis cumingii |
| CN114793961A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 淮阴师范学院 | Out-of-season circulating water breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012011285A1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-12 | Stefan Schröer | Method for operating a breeding plant for fish and / or other aquatic organisms |
| CN108612067A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-10-02 | 重庆交通大学 | Overwater rubbish collection device |
| CN109197733A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | A kind of Micropterus salmonoides cultivating system and cultural method |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5565096A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1996-10-15 | Phelan; John J. | Natural filter for ecological system |
| JP3978725B2 (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2007-09-19 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Liquid ejector |
| CN201119352Y (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2008-09-24 | 丁绍杰 | Externally hung type fish tank filtering and temperature control apparatus |
| KR20140002636U (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2014-05-08 | 김용민 | The water cooler for the sea farm |
| CN203620343U (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-06-04 | 天津市蓝星天诚净化设备有限公司 | Intelligent self-cleaning type sewage filtering device |
| CN107047400A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-18 | 苏州聚福水产有限公司 | A kind of Environmentally-frielow-energy-consumptipolycarboxylic low-energy-consumptipolycarboxylic greenhouse breeds perch early numerous fry hatching method |
| CN107751056A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-06 | 云南云雾生物科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent cultural method that becomes more meticulous of sturgeon |
| CN108029598A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-05-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Taimen industrial circulating water cultivating method |
| CN208193861U (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-12-07 | 山东佳星环保科技有限公司 | Recirculated water filtration processing equipment |
| CN209073238U (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-07-09 | 江苏数丰水产种业有限公司 | A kind of demister in Macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding greenhouse |
| CN109392782A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-01 | 四川省农业科学院水产研究所 | One kind is like catfish Triplophysa industrialized cultivation method |
| CN109964859A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-05 | 广州智龙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of orange rock-fiss |
-
2019
- 2019-07-19 CN CN201910654812.0A patent/CN110278892B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012011285A1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-12 | Stefan Schröer | Method for operating a breeding plant for fish and / or other aquatic organisms |
| CN108612067A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-10-02 | 重庆交通大学 | Overwater rubbish collection device |
| CN109197733A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | A kind of Micropterus salmonoides cultivating system and cultural method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110278892A (en) | 2019-09-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110278892B (en) | Zero-emission temperature-control seedling raising method for micropterus salmoides | |
| CN108967084B (en) | Rice and fish symbiosis-aquaculture coupling composite planting and breeding system and breeding method | |
| CN102835319B (en) | Planting and raising system of ecological circulating water as well asplanting and raising method usingsame | |
| CN108967085B (en) | Rice field-south america white shrimp dystopy ecological breeding system | |
| CN107318621A (en) | Ecological water self-loopa fruits and vegetables and aquatic products integral type cultural method and special purpose device | |
| CN104430125B (en) | A kind of high-efficiency aquaculture system and method | |
| CN104082253B (en) | Leech and snail, pasture and water commensalism enclosure fence high-yield cultivation method | |
| CN103493765A (en) | Cultivation method for crabs | |
| CN102742529A (en) | Indoor-outdoor multi-crops polyculture method for shrimp, soft-shelled turtle and fish | |
| CN106889002A (en) | A kind of box breeding consubstantiality ecologic breeding floating bed | |
| CN111392990B (en) | Tail water treatment method | |
| CN105941289A (en) | Highly-efficient low-polluted greenhouse soft-shelled turtle cultivation system and recycling method of cultivation waste water | |
| CN106614175A (en) | Method for different-position mixed lobster breeding in same river adult crab aquaculture pond | |
| CN106417114B (en) | River snail, black carp Collocation cultivation improve the ecological environmental-protection cultivation method of black carp yield | |
| CN110558257A (en) | method for carrying out comprehensive culture of channel catfish in pond industrialized system | |
| CN111771772B (en) | Grouper fry breeding method | |
| CN109122443A (en) | Australia freshwater lobster recirculated water oogenesis hatching system and method for culturing seedlings | |
| CN104304126A (en) | Method for preventing and curing fish diseases by soilless Chinese-herbal-medicine culture on water surface of pond | |
| CN105638528B (en) | A kind of environmentally friendly megalobrama amblycephala ecological cultivation method | |
| CN103461240A (en) | Method for continuously cropping and ecologically breeding macrobrachium nipponensis and hydrilla verticillata | |
| CN104542402B (en) | A kind of ecological environment-friendly type Odontobulis mpotamophila industrialized cultivation method | |
| CN107473386B (en) | Method for treating sewage of intensive culture pond by combining aquatic plant functional groups | |
| CN106614115B (en) | Odontobutis obscura industrial external circulating water ecological breeding method | |
| CN111990297A (en) | Intercropping method for channel catfish and litopenaeus vannamei | |
| CN107736283B (en) | Energy-saving emission-reduction seedling raising method for blue robe sea urchins |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |