CN115362947A

CN115362947A - Environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115362947A
Application number: CN202210944084.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 湛毅
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-08-05
Filing date: 2022-08-05
Publication date: 2022-11-22

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microorganisms, and discloses an environment-friendly livestock and poultry breeding biological padding which is characterized by comprising 60 parts of bagasse, corn stalk and corn cob mixture, 20 parts of bran coat, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of molasses powder and beneficial microorganism mixture, wherein the microbial organic padding is applied to a new zero-emission breeding technology, so that the labor of the breeding industry is greatly saved, the labor productivity is greatly improved, and the labor cost is greatly saved.

Description

Environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microorganisms, in particular to an environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding and a using method thereof.

Background

The traditional microbial bedding material culture technology has a history for many years in China, but various defects exist in the technology, and the traditional microbial bedding material culture technology cannot be popularized on a large scale.

The traditional microbial bedding culture technology mainly has the following defects:

1. the traditional padding is unreasonable in technical formula, mainly adopts sawdust and chaff, and is not beneficial to growth and reproduction of microorganisms; some wood chips are toxic and harmful to livestock and poultry.

2. The padding of the traditional padding technology is too thick, is 80 cm to 120 cm in thickness, has poor air permeability, is not beneficial to heat dissipation, is easy to ferment to generate high temperature which is more than 40 ℃, and makes the livestock difficult to suffer and influences the growth and development of the livestock.

3. The wood dust and rice husk consumption of the traditional padding technology is large, and the padding cost is high; the padding is too thick, and the livestock and poultry colony house needs to be improved and heightened to use, so that the construction cost of the colony house is increased.

4. The traditional padding technology uses single microbial strains, mostly selects single strains such as bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes and the like, and has slow and incomplete decomposition on excrement, incomplete decomposition on ammonia gas and ammonia odor.

5. After the traditional padding technology is generally operated for two months, the phenomena of 'bad bed' and 'dead bed' that most of strains die and even cover the whole army are easily caused, the whole fermentation bed is scrapped, and the loss of users is heavy.

6. The traditional padding technology has large dependence on climate and temperature, and the degradation efficiency of excrement and urine is low when the temperature is low in winter.

7. The traditional padding technology is only suitable for being applied in areas with low air temperature, and China is only suitable for being applied in the north.

8. The padding material of the traditional padding technology is not sterilized at high temperature, has too many mixed bacteria, influences the use effect and has the risk of infecting the epidemic diseases of livestock and poultry.

Therefore, an environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding and a using method thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding and a using method thereof, which are used for solving the problems.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly livestock and poultry breeding biological padding comprises 60 parts by weight of bagasse, corn stalks and corn cob mixture, 20 parts by weight of bran coat, 10 parts by weight of wheat bran, 10 parts by weight of molasses powder and a beneficial microorganism mixture.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the beneficial microorganism comprises a plurality of bacillus, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, fungi and the like, and the number of the bacteria is 50 hundred million/g.

A preparation method of an environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:

k1, crushing raw materials, namely crushing agricultural wastes such as bagasse, corn stalks, corn cobs and the like to 5-30 meshes for later use.

K2, mixing, namely adding and mixing materials such as 5-30 meshes of agricultural wastes, namely bagasse, corn stalks, corn cobs and the like, with bran coats and wheat bran in proportion.

K3, high-temperature drying and sterilizing, namely feeding materials such as bagasse, corn stalks, corncob bran, wheat bran and the like which are crushed and mixed according to a proportion into a microbial organic padding production line for high-temperature drying and sterilizing, and feeding the materials into a material storage tank for later use by wind, wherein the water content of the materials is below 15%;

k4, adding probiotics for mixing, feeding materials such as bagasse, corn stalks, corn cob bran, wheat bran and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion and dried and sterilized at high temperature into a mixing production line, adding molasses powder and beneficial microorganisms accounting for 5 percent of the mixture, fully mixing, sealing and packaging for later use after mixing.

Preferably, the sterilization temperature of the production equipment microbial organic padding production line in the step K3 is 175 ℃, and the sterilization time is 5 minutes.

As preferred, the production line includes the feeder hopper in step K3, the lower extreme of feeder hopper is connected with spiral delivery pipe, spiral delivery pipe's output is connected with the feed end of defeated material fan, defeated material end of defeated material fan is connected with the gasifier, the input of gasifier still is connected with the air-cooler, the output of gasifier is connected with the feed end of hot boiler, the feed end of hot boiler is connected with cyclone, the intercommunication has wet material spiral inlet pipe between the pipeline of hot boiler and cyclone, the input of wet material spiral inlet pipe is connected with the rubbing crusher, the output of selection powder desiccator is connected with the input of fan, and the output of fan is connected with cyclone, cyclone's upper end is connected with the dirt and falls the storehouse, cyclone's output is connected with the input of inlet pipe, the output of inlet pipe is connected with cooling blower's input, cooling blower's output is connected with the sack cleaner, the output of sack cleaner is connected with the input of baling press.

Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature sterilization is 70-200 ℃, and the high-temperature sterilization time is 2-15 minutes.

Preferably, the method comprises the recycling of the microbial organic bedding materials, the breeding of livestock by adopting a novel microbial organic bedding material pollution zero-emission breeding technology, after the livestock is slaughtered, the originally used microbial organic bedding materials contain a large amount of metabolites of livestock excrement and rich nutrients such as beneficial microorganisms, organic matters, humus, organic acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, are high-quality full-value biological organic fertilizers and can be used for organic planting.

Preferably, the bio-organic fertilizer is added with dry materials such as wood chips and the like, and the water content is adjusted to be 3 percent, so that the bio-organic fertilizer which is superior to the standard of NY884-2012 bio-organic fertilizer is obtained.

The use method of the environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, cleaning and disinfecting a livestock and poultry colony house; spraying microbial deodorizing liquid on the ground and the wall of the colony house after 24 hours;

s2, opening bags of the microbial organic padding, and uniformly paving the bags on the ground of the colony house, wherein the thickness of the bags is 10 cm;

s3, putting the livestock and the poultry, starting breeding, allowing the livestock and the poultry to freely discharge excrement, and starting mass growth and propagation after the microorganisms contact the excrement, decomposing ammonia nitrogen and decomposing odor;

s4, excessively concentrating the livestock and poultry excrement, uniformly turning over and raking the livestock and poultry excrement manually, and accelerating decomposition;

s5, after 72 hours, the livestock and the poultry begin to eat the mycoprotein in the microbial organic padding, so that the intestinal health of the livestock and the poultry is improved, the utilization rate of the feed is improved, the immunity of the livestock and the poultry is enhanced, the survival rate is improved, the epidemic prevention cost is saved, and the feed cost is saved.

According to the above-mentioned scheme, the air conditioner,

compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are as follows:

1. the formula of the biological padding is changed, agricultural waste straws are mainly used, including bagasse, corn stalks, corncobs, bran coats, wheat bran and the like, no wood chips are used, and the material is non-toxic and harmless and can be used as grains of livestock and poultry. The new technology is developed, agricultural waste straws can be consumed in large quantity every year, the phenomenon of straw burning is reduced, and the national agricultural straw recycling policy is met.

2. The thickness of the biological padding is changed to be between 10 cm and 20 cm, the air permeability is good, the heat dissipation is facilitated, the evaporation of water is facilitated, high temperature is not generated by fermentation, the livestock is comfortable, and the growth and development of the livestock are facilitated.

3. The wood chips are not used, so that toxic and harmful substances are reduced, the using amount of straws such as chaffs and the like is greatly reduced, and the cost of the biological padding is greatly saved; the biological padding is thin in thickness, does not need to be improved and heightened to raise the livestock and poultry housing, is used in situ, and reduces the housing manufacturing cost.

4. The microbial formula is changed, and the composite beneficial microbes are adopted, and the composite bacteria such as various bacillus, saccharomycetes, lactobacillus, fungi and the like are adopted; the strain is fast in metabolism and propagation, proliferated 10 ten thousand times per four hours, and can resist low temperature of-60 ℃ and high temperature of +280 ℃ in a non-wet state, and resist strong acid, strong base and bacteria; the fermentation and decomposition of the excrement can be completed in various extreme environments without being influenced by the climate and temperature; the compound beneficial microorganism can work normally under the environment of +5 ℃ to +35 ℃. The composite beneficial microorganism is food grade, and is non-toxic and harmless.

The decomposition of the feces is rapid and thorough, ammonia gas is fully decomposed, ammonia odor is avoided, air is fresh, the growth and development of livestock are facilitated, and epidemic diseases are prevented.

5. The novel microbial organic padding technology has lasting using effect, can normally and continuously operate for 6 months to 1 year according to the requirement of a culture period, and can not generate the phenomena of 'bed breaking' and 'bed death' all the time, so that the whole using process stably operates.

After the culture period is finished, the microbial padding in the colony house is bagged and fermented for 20 days to become high-quality bio-organic fertilizer for organic planting and organic agricultural product production.

6. The new microbial organic padding technology is not influenced by the climate and temperature, can still work normally when the temperature is as low as 5 ℃ in winter, has high degradation efficiency of excrement and urine, and can thoroughly remove ammonia; the new technology is suitable for being used in any region of China.

7. All raw materials of the novel microbial organic padding technology are sterilized at high temperature, and the novel microbial organic padding technology is free of infectious microbes, germs and bacteria, does not affect the using effect, and does not risk the epidemic diseases of livestock.

8. The novel microbial organic padding technology realizes 'five-free, three-reduction and zero-emission'.

(1) Fifthly, no:

need not to build additional environmental protection equipment

Without discharging and separating excrement and urine

No odor, mosquito and fly problems

No restlessness and panic

No generation of unsaturated fatty acid

(2) Three-step reduction:

reduce veterinary expenses

Reduce the feed cost

Reduce labor cost

The breeding mode of the microbial organic padding does not need to wash the colony house with water, does not need to wash the bodies of the livestock with water, and only needs to meet the requirement of drinking water of the livestock. During the preparation process of the microbial organic padding, materials such as straws, bran coats and the like are prepared according to a certain proportion, and beneficial compound microbes are added after high-temperature sterilization, so that the microbial padding, excrement of the livestock and urine are decomposed and converted into high-protein organic matters and mycoprotein which can be eaten by the livestock and poultry and can be used for the livestock and poultry to eat; the mycoprotein can also improve the intestinal environment of livestock and improve the feed conversion rate.

Pig raising experiments show that the pig raising period can be advanced by 10-15 days for slaughtering, and feeding personnel only need to feed in time and turn over and scrape over the over-concentrated excrement as the pig farm does not need to clean and wash the excrement. Therefore, a normal labor batch can be used for raising fattening pigs to about 800, and one third of labor cost is saved compared with other intensive pig modes.

Beneficial microbial enzyme bacteria in the microbial organic padding can be rapidly propagated, a dominant bacterial population is rapidly established and fermented and decomposed, and various ova and pathogenic bacteria can be inhibited and eliminated. Meanwhile, the pig recovers natural habits, biological habits of hunch and sand bath, the pig body is clean, and stress is reduced; the pig eats microbial mycoprotein, increases nutrition, enhances disease resistance, and greatly reduces respiratory diseases and digestive tract diseases; reduces or eliminates the use of medicines, and realizes the nonreactive cultivation. The application of the microbial organic padding mode for raising pigs can lead the pigs to gain weight quickly, have good meat quality, ruddy pork color, clear texture, less water and fragrant meat taste. The inspection of the extracted pork tenderloin and ham proves that the contents of amino acid and other nutrient components of the pork are respectively increased by 10-15 percent and are obviously superior to that of the common pork.

(3) The direct economic benefit of raising each pig with the microbial organic padding is saved.

The pig raising can save water and electricity charges of about 5 yuan/head,

Early slaughtering and saving feed by about 75 yuan,

Few veterinary drugs, antibiotics: saving 10-20 yuan,

The grown pigs cultured by the microbial padding can sell more 1-2 gross coins per kilogram in the market, the profit of each pig is increased by about 25-50 yuan,

The death rate is greatly reduced: approximately 1-2% reduction.

(4) Zero emission: no pollution and zero emission of pollution.

The difference between the microbial organic bedding technology cultivation and the traditional cultivation is that: (1) the capital investment is changed from double-ring-section investment to single-link investment, and the traditional culture method is to firstly carry out 'culture production' and then carry out 'fecal sewage treatment'; the microbial organic padding technology culture is to well move the 'manure treatment' work to the 'culture production' link at the same time, so that the investment of environmental protection facilities is reduced, the production is improved, and zero pollution emission to the external environment is realized. (2) The daily management of the colony house is simple, the excrement is not required to be flushed by water, the biological characteristics of the livestock are recovered, and the current situation that the livestock live on the cement ground for a long time in the traditional breeding mode is changed; only a padding area and a feeding area on the cement ground are arranged, so that the livestock can randomly select a rest and movement investigation area and can freely arch and eat mycoprotein. (3) The labor content is simplified, the labor amount is reduced, and the welfare of the feeding personnel is reflected. The breeding mode of the microbial organic padding technology does not need to wash a colony house or carry excrement, the air in the house is fresh, and the breeding, cleaning and feeding table, padding adjustment and other simple work are only carried out every day, so that the working is not messy, and the efficiency is obviously improved. (4) And resources such as water, materials, labor and the like are saved. (5) The medication is stopped, and the ecological cycle cultivation is embodied.

9. The novel microbial organic padding zero-emission breeding technology is suitable for breeding all livestock.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a safety report for the microbial bedding of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the microbial bedding material of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a representation of the microbial acclimation in the microbial bedding of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a table of the temperature tolerance limits of microorganisms (spore form) for the microbial bedding of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows the pH value of the microbial bedding material in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 6 shows the physical and chemical specifications of the microbial organic bedding;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the use of the microbial bedding of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the new technology of zero-emission cultivation with microbial organic bedding pollution of the present invention includes the following steps:

s1, cleaning and disinfecting a livestock and poultry colony house; spraying microbial deodorizing liquid on the ground and the wall of the colony house after 24 hours;

The microbial organic padding comprises 60 parts by weight of bagasse, corn stalk and corn cob mixture, 20 parts by weight of bran coat, 10 parts by weight of wheat bran, 10 parts by weight of molasses powder and a beneficial microbial mixture.

The beneficial microorganism comprises a plurality of bacillus, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, fungi and the like, and the number of the bacteria is 50 hundred million/g.

The preparation steps of the microbial organic padding are as follows:

k4, adding probiotics for mixing, feeding materials such as bagasse, corn stalks, corn cob bran, wheat bran and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion and dried and sterilized at high temperature into a mixing production line, adding molasses powder and beneficial microorganisms accounting for 5 percent of the mixture for full mixing, sealing and packaging for later use after mixing;

and D, in the step K3, the sterilization temperature of the production equipment microbial organic padding production line is 175 ℃, and the sterilization time is 5 minutes.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the optimum temperature for the production environment of the microorganism of the present invention is 25 ℃ to 75 ℃.

The production line includes the feeder hopper in step K3, the lower extreme of feeder hopper is connected with spiral delivery pipe, spiral delivery pipe's output is connected with the feed end of defeated material fan, defeated material end of defeated material fan is connected with the gasifier, the input of gasifier still is connected with the air-cooler, the output of gasifier is connected with the feed end of hot boiler, the feed end of hot boiler is connected with cyclone, the intercommunication has wet material spiral inlet pipe between the pipeline of hot boiler and cyclone, the input of wet material spiral inlet pipe is connected with the rubbing crusher, the output of selection powder desiccator is connected with the input of fan, and the output of fan is connected with cyclone, cyclone's upper end is connected with the dirt and falls the storehouse, cyclone's output is connected with the input of inlet pipe, the output of inlet pipe is connected with the input of cooling blower, cooling blower's output is connected with the sack cleaner, the output of sack cleaner is connected with the input of baling press.

The high-temperature sterilization temperature is between 70 and 200 ℃, and the high-temperature sterilization time is 2 to 15 minutes.

The method comprises the steps of recycling the microbial organic bedding materials, adopting a novel pollution-free zero-emission microbial organic bedding material to breed livestock, and after the livestock is slaughtered, the originally used microbial organic bedding materials contain a large amount of metabolites of livestock excrement and rich nutrients such as beneficial microorganisms, organic matters, humus, organic acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, are high-quality full-value biological organic fertilizers and can be used for organic planting.

The used microbial organic padding is recycled, meets the relevant requirements of the Ministry of agriculture on a livestock and poultry manure recycling action scheme (2017-2020), meets the Notification of the Ministry of finance of the Ministry of agricultural rural areas on implementation of livestock and poultry manure recycling projects in 2018 (farm-herd No. 2018) and meets the national relevant policies of the Ministry of agriculture and rural offices and the Ministry of ecological environmental protection on the guidance for promoting livestock and poultry manure recycling to return to fields and strengthening cultivation pollution treatment by law (farm-herd No. 2019) 84) and the like. The used microbial organic mats are added with dry materials such as wood chips and the like, the water content is adjusted to be 30%, and the materials are packaged and fermented for later use, so that the microbial organic fertilizer superior to the standard of NY884-2012 biological organic fertilizer is formed.

As can be seen from figure 6, the microbial organic bedding material meets the requirements that the microbial organic bedding material must reach the nontoxic and harmless standard, and the total number of heavy metals and bacterial colonies of the product must reach the limited requirements of the national feed standard GB 13078-2017.

The application of the novel microbial organic bedding pollution zero-emission breeding technology thoroughly breaks through the concept of traditional livestock breeding, the trouble of feces treatment in the livestock breeding industry, the trouble of feces treatment and resource utilization in the livestock breeding industry and the complete recycling of the feces in the livestock breeding industry.

And (II) the application of the novel technology for zero-emission breeding of the organic microbial padding pollution greatly saves the labor of the breeding industry, greatly improves the labor productivity and greatly saves the labor cost.

And (III) the application of the new technology of pollution-free zero-emission breeding of the microbial organic padding greatly improves the resistance and immunity of the livestock and greatly saves the epidemic prevention cost.

And (IV) the application of the new technology of zero-emission breeding with microbial organic padding pollution greatly saves the use of feed, realizes the saving and emission reduction and reduces the breeding cost.

And (V) applying the new technology of microbial organic padding pollution zero-emission breeding, greatly improving the disease resistance of the livestock, avoiding the use of antibiotics and realizing non-antibiotic breeding.

And (VI) the application of the novel microbial organic padding pollution zero-emission breeding technology avoids flushing the bodies of the livestock with water, avoids flushing the colony house with water, and greatly saves water, electricity and labor costs.

And (VII) applying the novel microbial organic padding pollution zero-emission breeding technology to stop the emission of feces and odor and realize the zero emission of pollution in the breeding industry.

Aiming at the formula of the microbial organic padding, wood chips, rice husks, wheat bran and beneficial microbes can be used for replacing the microbial organic padding.

Aiming at the production scheme of the microbial organic padding, other equipment drying and sterilizing methods can be used for replacing the production scheme, and a microbial fermentation and sterilization method can also be used for replacing the production scheme.

While the invention has been described in further detail in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various alternatives, modifications and variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The environment-friendly livestock and poultry breeding biological padding is characterized by comprising 60 parts by weight of bagasse, corn stalks and corn cob mixture, 20 parts by weight of bran coat, 10 parts by weight of wheat bran, 10 parts by weight of molasses powder and a beneficial microorganism mixture.

2. The environment-friendly livestock breeding biological bedding as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the beneficial microorganism comprises a plurality of bacillus, lactobacillus, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, fungi and other bacteria which are compounded, and the number of the bacteria is 50 hundred million/g.

3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly livestock breeding biological bedding as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, characterized by comprising the following steps:

K2, mixing, namely adding and mixing 5-30 meshes of agricultural wastes such as bagasse, corn stalks, corn cobs and the like, and bran and wheat bran in proportion.

4. The method for preparing environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding according to claim 3, wherein the sterilization temperature of the production equipment microbial organic padding production line in the step K3 is 175 ℃, and the sterilization time is 5 minutes.

5. The method for preparing environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding according to claim 3, wherein a production line in the step K3 comprises a feed hopper, a spiral conveying pipe is connected to the lower end of the feed hopper, the output end of the spiral conveying pipe is connected with the feed end of a conveying fan, the conveying end of the conveying fan is connected with a gasification furnace, the input end of the gasification furnace is further connected with an air cooler, the output end of the gasification furnace is connected with the feed end of a hot boiler, the feed end of the hot boiler is connected with a cyclone dryer, a wet material spiral inlet pipe is communicated between pipelines of the hot boiler and the cyclone dryer, the input end of the wet material spiral inlet pipe is connected with a pulverizer, the output end of a powder selecting dryer is connected with the input end of a fan, the output end of the fan is connected with a cyclone separator, the upper end of the cyclone separator is connected with a dust falling bin, the output end of the cyclone separator is connected with the input end of an inlet pipe, the output end of the inlet pipe is connected with the input end of a cooling fan, the output end of the cooling fan is connected with a bag dust collector, and the output end of the bag dust collector is connected with the input end of a bag dust collector.

6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly livestock breeding biological bedding as claimed in claim 3, wherein the high-temperature sterilization temperature is 70-200 degrees, and the high-temperature sterilization time is 2-15 minutes.

7. The preparation method of the environment-friendly livestock breeding biological bedding as claimed in claim 3, which comprises the steps of recycling the microbial organic bedding, breeding livestock by adopting a novel microbial organic bedding pollution zero-emission breeding technology, and after the livestock is slaughtered, the originally used microbial organic bedding contains a large amount of metabolites of livestock excrement and contains rich beneficial microorganisms, organic matters, humus, organic acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, various trace elements and other nutrients, so that the environment-friendly livestock breeding biological bedding is a high-quality full-value biological organic fertilizer and can be used for organic planting.

8. The method for preparing environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding according to claim 7, characterized in that dry materials such as wood chips are added into the biological organic fertilizer, and the water content is adjusted to 3% percent, so that the biological organic fertilizer which is superior to the national standard "NY 884-2012 biological organic fertilizer" is obtained.

9. The use method of the environment-friendly livestock breeding biological padding according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, cleaning and disinfecting a livestock and poultry colony house; spraying microbial deodorizing liquid on the ground and the wall of the colony house after 24 hours;

s4, excessively concentrating the livestock and poultry manure, uniformly turning over and raking the manure manually, and accelerating decomposition;