CN115354510A - 一种棉针织物的染整方法 - Google Patents

一种棉针织物的染整方法 Download PDF

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CN115354510A
CN115354510A CN202210896976.6A CN202210896976A CN115354510A CN 115354510 A CN115354510 A CN 115354510A CN 202210896976 A CN202210896976 A CN 202210896976A CN 115354510 A CN115354510 A CN 115354510A
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parts
knitted fabric
cotton knitted
dyeing
ionic liquid
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秦小兵
粟永刚
韦石强
钟暑光
李志东
张玉利
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Nantong Cloud Flower Color Weaving Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种棉针织物的染整方法，包括以下步骤：S1：退煮漂前处理；S2：染色处理：将S1前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：(10‑15)，调节pH至4.5‑5.5，40‑50℃预热处理0.5‑1h，再以1‑5℃/min的速率升温至95‑105℃，保温染色处理1‑1.5h后，进行清洗、固色、干燥，得染色处理后棉针织物；所述荧光染色液包括以下质量百分比原料：酸性荧光染料1‑2％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚0.5‑1％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠0.5‑1％、柠檬酸3‑5％、去离子水补足余量；S3：柔软处理：在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为50‑80g/m2，100‑120℃热处理0.5‑1h，自然冷却后即可。本发明采用酸性玫瑰红B或/和偶氮荧光桃红对棉针织物进行荧光染色，通过化学键交联，显著提高色牢度和染色效率，还具有持久柔顺抗皱的效果。

Description

一种棉针织物的染整方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料染整领域，具体涉及一种棉针织物的染整方法。
背景技术
棉针织物是以棉纱为原料织造的织物，具有吸湿性、保湿性、耐热性、透气等优点，但由于棉纤维是电的不良导体，容易发生静电、粘毛、起球等问题，且棉针织物色牢度低、易褪色，此外，由于棉针织物内含有蛋白质、多糖纤维素等成分，在潮湿环境中，还易发霉变质。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足之处，本发明的目的在于提供一种棉针织物的染整方法。
本发明的技术方案概述如下：
一种棉针织物的染整方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：退煮漂前处理：将棉针织物加入煮漂液中，控制浴比为1：(10-15)，升温至45-55℃，再保温处理0.5-1h，再升温至90-95℃，继续搅拌0.5-1h，冷却后，得前处理后棉针织物；
所述煮漂液包括以下质量份原料：50wt％双氧水10-15份、过硼酸钠5-10份、硅酸锂1-3份、精练剂3-6份、碱性纤维素酶0.5-2份、乙二胺6-8份、尿素3-5份、茶皂素2-3份、去离子水100份；
S2：染色处理：将S1前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：(10-15)，调节pH至4.5-5.5，40-50℃预热处理0.5-1h，再以1-5℃/min的速率升温至95-105℃，保温染色处理1-1.5h后，进行清洗、固色、干燥，得染色处理后棉针织物；
所述荧光染色液包括以下质量百分比原料：酸性荧光染料1-2％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚0.5-1％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠0.5-1％、柠檬酸3-5％、去离子水补足余量；
S3：柔软处理：将S2染色处理后棉针织物干燥后，在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为50-80g/m2，100-120℃热处理0.5-1h，自然冷却后即可。
优选的是，所述酸性荧光染料包括酸性玫瑰红B、偶氮荧光桃红中的一种或两种。
优选的是，所述固色的具体操作方法为：将染色后棉针织物置于0.5-2wt％固色剂水溶液中，控制浴比为1：5，45-55℃浸渍处理1h，排液后，再于100-120℃汽蒸处理15-30min。
优选的是，所述固色剂包括氯化十六烷基吡啶、溴化十六烷基吡啶、胺醛树脂型双氰胺甲醛初缩体中的一种或多种。
优选的是，所述柔软剂包括以下质量份原料：聚醚环氧硅油25-35份、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚3-5份、丝素蛋白3-7份、离子液体4-8份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚0.5-1份、聚乙烯醇2-4份、去离子水10-15份。
优选的是，所述离子液体包括咪唑型离子液体、吡啶型离子液体中的一种。
优选的是，所述咪唑型离子液体包括1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体、1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体、1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑硫酸氢盐离子液体、1-羟乙基-2,3-二甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐离子液体中的一种或多种。
优选的是，所述吡啶型离子液体包括N-乙基吡啶四氟硼酸盐、N-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐、1-丁基-4-甲基吡啶氯盐中的一种或多种。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明首次采用50wt％双氧水、过硼酸钠、硅酸锂、精练剂、碱性纤维素酶、乙二胺、尿素、茶皂素等组配煮漂液，一步化实现氧化漂白、精炼、碱退浆工序，提高后续染色效率和染色牢度；同时，硅酸锂作为面料保护剂，硅酸锂水解生成纳米硅溶胶，在棉针织物纤维表面形成保护膜，提高棉针织物强度，此外，茶皂素的疏水性配基分布在面料纤维表面，形成二次物理防护，减轻氧化剂、碱液等对棉针织物的腐蚀，进而显著降低退浆过程中对棉针织物的损伤，且茶皂素还具有抗菌抗病毒的作用，抑制棉针织物发霉变质。
2、本发明采用酸性玫瑰红B或/和偶氮荧光桃红对棉针织物进行荧光染色，利用酸性荧光染料中的磺酸基与棉纤维上的羟基发生酯化反应，使染料分子与棉针织物通过酯键进行化学键交联，显著提高色牢度和染色效率；同时，在后续柔软处理过程中，偶氮荧光桃红中的氨基进一步与聚醚环氧硅油、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚中的环氧基发生开环交联反应，与丝素蛋白中的羧基发生酰胺化反应，使柔软剂与棉针织物有机结合，并进一步提高色牢度。
3、本发明首次采用聚醚环氧硅油、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚、丝素蛋白、离子液体、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚(DMP-30)等组配的柔软剂对棉针织物进行后整理，在DMP-30的催化促进作用下，聚醚环氧硅油、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚中的环氧基与棉纤维中羟基发生开环接枝反应，丝素蛋白中的羧基与棉纤维上的羟基发生酯化反应，进而将柔软剂分子稳定嵌合在棉纤维网络结构中，进而达到持久柔顺抗皱的效果，不起球、不粘毛。
4、本发明柔软剂中的离子液体分布在棉针织物网络体系中，形成导电通路，进而显著提高全棉面料疏散静电荷性能，避免发生静电、粘毛、起球等问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明棉针织物的染整方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
本案提供一实施例的棉针织物的染整方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：退煮漂前处理：将棉针织物加入煮漂液中，控制浴比为1：(10-15)，升温至45-55℃，再保温处理0.5-1h，再升温至90-95℃，继续搅拌0.5-1h，冷却后，得前处理后棉针织物；
所述煮漂液包括以下质量份原料：50wt％双氧水10-15份、过硼酸钠5-10份、硅酸锂1-3份、精练剂3-6份、碱性纤维素酶0.5-2份、乙二胺6-8份、尿素3-5份、茶皂素2-3份、去离子水100份；
S2：染色处理：将S1前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：(10-15)，调节pH至4.5-5.5，40-50℃预热处理0.5-1h，再以1-5℃/min的速率升温至95-105℃，保温染色处理1-1.5h后，进行清洗、固色、干燥，得染色处理后棉针织物；
所述荧光染色液包括以下质量百分比原料：酸性荧光染料1-2％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚0.5-1％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠0.5-1％、柠檬酸3-5％、去离子水补足余量；所述酸性荧光染料包括酸性玫瑰红B、偶氮荧光桃红中的一种或两种；
所述固色的具体操作方法为：将染色后棉针织物置于0.5-2wt％固色剂水溶液中，控制浴比为1：5，45-55℃浸渍处理1h，排液后，再于100-120℃汽蒸处理15-30min；所述固色剂包括氯化十六烷基吡啶、溴化十六烷基吡啶、胺醛树脂型双氰胺甲醛初缩体中的一种或多种；
S3：柔软处理：将S2染色处理后棉针织物干燥后，在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为50-80g/m2，100-120℃热处理0.5-1h，自然冷却后即可；
所述柔软剂包括以下质量份原料：聚醚环氧硅油25-35份、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚3-5份、丝素蛋白3-7份、离子液体4-8份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚0.5-1份、聚乙烯醇2-4份、去离子水10-15份；所述离子液体包括咪唑型离子液体、吡啶型离子液体中的一种；所述咪唑型离子液体包括1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体、1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体、1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑硫酸氢盐离子液体、1-羟乙基-2,3-二甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐离子液体中的一种或多种；所述吡啶型离子液体包括N-乙基吡啶四氟硼酸盐、N-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐、1-丁基-4-甲基吡啶氯盐中的一种或多种。
该实施例首次采用50wt％双氧水、过硼酸钠、硅酸锂、精练剂、碱性纤维素酶、乙二胺、尿素、茶皂素等组配煮漂液，一步化实现氧化漂白、精炼、碱退浆工序，提高后续染色效率和染色牢度；同时，硅酸锂作为面料保护剂，硅酸锂水解生成纳米硅溶胶，在棉针织物纤维表面形成保护膜，提高棉针织物强度，此外，茶皂素的疏水性配基分布在面料纤维表面，形成二次物理防护，减轻氧化剂、碱液等对棉针织物的腐蚀，进而显著降低退浆过程中对棉针织物的损伤，且茶皂素还具有抗菌抗病毒的作用，抑制棉针织物发霉变质。
该实施例采用酸性玫瑰红B或/和偶氮荧光桃红对棉针织物进行荧光染色，利用酸性荧光染料中的磺酸基与棉纤维上的羟基发生酯化反应，使染料分子与棉针织物通过酯键进行化学键交联，显著提高色牢度和染色效率；同时，在后续柔软处理过程中，偶氮荧光桃红中的氨基进一步与聚醚环氧硅油、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚中的环氧基发生开环交联反应，与丝素蛋白中的羧基发生酰胺化反应，使柔软剂与棉针织物有机结合，并进一步提高色牢度。
该实施例首次采用聚醚环氧硅油、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚、丝素蛋白、离子液体、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚(DMP-30)等组配的柔软剂对棉针织物进行后整理，在DMP-30的催化促进作用下，聚醚环氧硅油、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚中的环氧基与棉纤维中羟基发生开环接枝反应，丝素蛋白中的羧基与棉纤维上的羟基发生酯化反应，进而将柔软剂分子稳定嵌合在棉纤维网络结构中，进而达到持久柔顺抗皱的效果，不起球、不粘毛。
该实施例柔软剂中的离子液体分布在棉针织物网络体系中，形成导电通路，进而显著提高全棉面料疏散静电荷性能，避免发生静电、粘毛、起球等问题。
实施例1
一种棉针织物的染整方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：备料：
S101：按以下质量份配制煮漂液：50wt％双氧水10份、过硼酸钠5份、硅酸锂1份、精练剂3份、碱性纤维素酶0.5份、乙二胺6份、尿素3份、茶皂素2份、去离子水100份；
S102：按以下质量百分比配制荧光染色液：酸性玫瑰红B1％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚0.5％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠0.5％、柠檬酸3％、去离子水补足余量；
S103：按以下质量份配制柔软剂：聚醚环氧硅油25份、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚3份、丝素蛋白3份、1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体4份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚0.5份、聚乙烯醇2份、去离子水10份；
S2：退煮漂前处理：将棉针织物加入煮漂液中，控制浴比为1：10，升温至45℃，再保温处理0.5h，再升温至90℃，继续搅拌0.5h，冷却后，得前处理后棉针织物；
S3：染色处理：将S2前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：10，调节pH至4.5，40℃预热处理0.5h，再以1℃/min的速率升温至95℃，保温染色处理1h后，进行清洗；
将染色后棉针织物置于0.5wt％氯化十六烷基吡啶水溶液中，控制浴比为1：5，45℃浸渍处理1h，排液后，再于105℃汽蒸处理20min，干燥后，得染色处理后棉针织物；
S4：柔软处理：将S3染色处理后棉针织物干燥后，在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为50g/m2，100℃热处理0.5h，自然冷却后即可。
实施例2
一种棉针织物的染整方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：备料：
S101：按以下质量份配制煮漂液：50wt％双氧水12.5份、过硼酸钠7.5份、硅酸锂2份、精练剂4.5份、碱性纤维素酶1.5份、乙二胺7份、尿素4份、茶皂素2.5份、去离子水100份；
S102：按以下质量百分比配制荧光染色液：偶氮荧光桃红1.5％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚0.75％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠0.75％、柠檬酸4％、去离子水补足余量；
S103：按以下质量份配制柔软剂：聚醚环氧硅油30份、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚4份、丝素蛋白5份、1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑硫酸氢盐离子液体6份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚0.75份、聚乙烯醇3份、去离子水12.5份；
S2：退煮漂前处理：将棉针织物加入煮漂液中，控制浴比为1：12.5，升温至50℃，再保温处理1h，再升温至92℃，继续搅拌1h，冷却后，得前处理后棉针织物；
S3：染色处理：将S2前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：13，调节pH至5.0，45℃预热处理1h，再以2.5℃/min的速率升温至100℃，保温染色处理1h后，进行清洗；
将染色后棉针织物置于1wt％溴化十六烷基吡啶水溶液中，控制浴比为1：5，50℃浸渍处理1h，排液后，再于115℃汽蒸处理25min，干燥后，得染色处理后棉针织物；
S4：柔软处理：将S3染色处理后棉针织物干燥后，在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为65g/m2，110℃热处理1h，自然冷却后即可。
实施例3
一种棉针织物的染整方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：备料：
S101：按以下质量份配制煮漂液：50wt％双氧水15份、过硼酸钠10份、硅酸锂3份、精练剂6份、碱性纤维素酶2份、乙二胺8份、尿素5份、茶皂素3份、去离子水100份；
S102：按以下质量百分比配制荧光染色液：偶氮荧光桃红2％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚1％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠1％、柠檬酸5％、去离子水补足余量；
S103：按以下质量份配制柔软剂：聚醚环氧硅油35份、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚5份、丝素蛋白7份、N-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐8份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚1份、聚乙烯醇4份、去离子水15份；
S2：退煮漂前处理：将棉针织物加入煮漂液中，控制浴比为1：15，升温至55℃，再保温处理1h，再升温至95℃，继续搅拌1h，冷却后，得前处理后棉针织物；
S3：染色处理：将S2前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：15，调节pH至5.5，50℃预热处理1h，再以5℃/min的速率升温至105℃，保温染色处理1.5h后，进行清洗；
将染色后棉针织物置于2wt％胺醛树脂型双氰胺甲醛初缩体水溶液中，控制浴比为1：5，55℃浸渍处理1h，排液后，再于120℃汽蒸处理30min，干燥后，得染色处理后棉针织物；
S4：柔软处理：将S3染色处理后棉针织物干燥后，在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为80g/m2，115℃热处理1h，自然冷却后即可。
对实施例1-3染整后棉针织物进行性能测定：
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
强力保留率/％ 91.5 92.6 92.4
折皱回复角/° 215.7 226.3 231.4
耐光照色牢度/级 6 7 7
耐水洗色牢度/级 4 5 5
耐湿摩擦色牢度/级 4 5 5
由上表可知，实施例1-3染整后棉针织物强度保留率高，折皱回复角大，色牢度优异。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节。

Claims (8)

1.一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：退煮漂前处理：将棉针织物加入煮漂液中，控制浴比为1：(10-15)，升温至45-55℃，再保温处理0.5-1h，再升温至90-95℃，继续搅拌0.5-1h，冷却后，得前处理后棉针织物；
所述煮漂液包括以下质量份原料：50wt％双氧水10-15份、过硼酸钠5-10份、硅酸锂1-3份、精练剂3-6份、碱性纤维素酶0.5-2份、乙二胺6-8份、尿素3-5份、茶皂素2-3份、去离子水100份；
S2：染色处理：将S1前处理后棉针织物置于荧光染色液中，控制浴比为1：(10-15)，调节pH至4.5-5.5，40-50℃预热处理0.5-1h，再以1-5℃/min的速率升温至95-105℃，保温染色处理1-1.5h后，进行清洗、固色、干燥，得染色处理后棉针织物；
所述荧光染色液包括以下质量百分比原料：酸性荧光染料1-2％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚0.5-1％、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠0.5-1％、柠檬酸3-5％、去离子水补足余量；
S3：柔软处理：将S2染色处理后棉针织物干燥后，在其表面均匀涂覆柔软剂，涂覆量为50-80g/m2，100-120℃热处理0.5-1h，自然冷却后即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述酸性荧光染料包括酸性玫瑰红B、偶氮荧光桃红中的一种或两种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述固色的具体操作方法为：将染色后棉针织物置于0.5-2wt％固色剂水溶液中，控制浴比为1：5，45-55℃浸渍处理1h，排液后，再于100-120℃汽蒸处理15-30min。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述固色剂包括氯化十六烷基吡啶、溴化十六烷基吡啶、胺醛树脂型双氰胺甲醛初缩体中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述柔软剂包括以下质量份原料：聚醚环氧硅油25-35份、二环氧三甘醇缩水甘油醚3-5份、丝素蛋白3-7份、离子液体4-8份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚0.5-1份、聚乙烯醇2-4份、去离子水10-15份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述离子液体包括咪唑型离子液体、吡啶型离子液体中的一种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述咪唑型离子液体包括1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体、1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体、1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑硫酸氢盐离子液体、1-羟乙基-2,3-二甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐离子液体中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种棉针织物的染整方法，其特征在于，所述吡啶型离子液体包括N-乙基吡啶四氟硼酸盐、N-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐、1-丁基-4-甲基吡啶氯盐中的一种或多种。
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