CN115354496B - 一种超疏水抗菌棉织物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于纺织面料加工技术领域，公开了一种超疏水抗菌棉织物及其制备方法。制备方法包括：S1.将1‑乙烯基咪唑和2,4,6‑三(4‑(溴甲基)苯基)‑1,3,5‑三嗪加入乙腈中，室温搅拌反应48‑72h，加入水，再加入双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，取下层液体；S2.下层液体中加入无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF，制得整理液；S3.将预处理的棉织物在整理液中浸轧，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物，该制备方法制备得到的棉织物具有超疏水性和抗菌性能大幅提升。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能性纺织品处理技术领域，具体涉及一种超疏水抗菌棉织物及其制备方法。
背景技术
超疏水性是指水在织物表面上的接触角大于150°，由于其潜在的应用价值，引起更多的关注。为了制备出具有较高性能的疏水织物，研究者使用各种方法降低纤维表面能，包括使用含氟化合物、有机硅化物或者纳米复合结构等。由于棉织物是由亲水性的纤维素纤维组成，因此棉织物非常易粘污，易吸附各种液体，影响其服用性能。因此，研究具有超疏水性能的棉织物将能拓展纤维素纤维材料的应用范围。加强棉织物超疏水稳定性的同时，赋予棉织物抗菌等更多样化的性能，提高棉织物的经济利用价值和功能性，拓展其应用领域，能进一步满足人们对多功能性纺织品的需求。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，该棉织物具有优异的疏水性和抗菌性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.将1-乙烯基咪唑和2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪加入乙腈中，室温搅拌反应48-72h，加入水，再加入双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，室温搅拌12-24h，静置后取下层液体；
S2.将步骤S1收集的下层液体，加入无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF，制得整理液；
S3.将预处理的棉织物在步骤S2制备的整理液中浸轧，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物。
优选的，步骤S1中，所述1-乙烯基咪唑、2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、乙腈、水和双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银的用量比例为4g:(22-41)g:(80-200)mL:(80-200)mL:(3-8)g。
优选的，步骤S2中，所述天然萜烯为柠檬烯、β-榄香烯和松柏烯中的一种。
优选的，步骤S2中，所述步骤S1收集的下层液体、无水硫酸钠、天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF的比例为5mL:(3-5)g:(2-5)mL:(0.01-0.02)g:(5-13)mL。
优选的，步骤S3中，所述预处理具体为将棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干。
优选的，步骤S3中，所述浸轧采用二浸二轧，浸渍的浴比为1:30-1:50，浸渍时间为10-25min，浸轧辊温度为60-80℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明在织物表面，通过合成的离子液体与天然萜烯的共聚，得到超疏水离子液体聚合物，同时实现银离子在离子液体中的充分分散。该离子液体聚合物被包覆在织物纤维表面固定了银离子，能够获得较好的耐洗性。而且该离子液体聚合物赋予了织物超疏水特性。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明。然而，本领域的技术人员容易理解，实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
本发明提供了一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.将1-乙烯基咪唑和2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪加入乙腈中，室温搅拌反应48-72h，加入水，再加入双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，室温搅拌12-24h，静置后取下层液体；本步骤中，1-乙烯基咪唑、2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、乙腈、水和双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银的用量比例优选为4g:(22-41)g:(80-200)mL:(80-200)mL:(3-8)g。步骤S1得到的下层液体为离子液体。
S2.将步骤S1收集的下层液体，加入无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF，制得整理液；该步骤中，天然萜烯为柠檬烯、β-榄香烯和松柏烯中的一种。为了更好的聚合反应，本发明中先通过加入无水硫酸钠充分搅拌去除下层液体中的水，然后过滤得到精致的离子液体，离子液体中加入天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF，反应形成离子液体聚合物。优选的，下层液体、无水硫酸钠、天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF的比例为5mL:(3-5)g:(2-5)mL:(0.01-0.02)g:(5-13)mL。
步骤S1和S2的反应过程如下式所示：
S3.将预处理的棉织物在步骤S2制备的整理液中浸轧，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物。
优选的，步骤S3中，所述预处理具体为将棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干。
优选的，步骤S3中，所述浸轧采用二浸二轧，浸渍的浴比为1:30-1:50，浸渍时间为10-25min，浸轧辊温度为60-80℃。
实施例1
1、将4g 1-乙烯基咪唑和24.7g 2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪加入100mL乙腈中，室温搅拌反应70h，加入100mL水，再加入5g双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，室温搅拌20h，静置后取下层液体；
2、将5mL步骤1收集的下层液体，加入4.8g无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入2.5mLβ-榄香烯、0.015g偶氮二异丁腈和8mL DMF，制得整理液；
3、将1g棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干，在43mL步骤2制备的整理液中二浸二轧，浸渍时间为15min，浸轧辊温度为65℃，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物。
实施例2
1、将4g 1-乙烯基咪唑和22g 2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪加入80mL乙腈中，室温搅拌反应48h，加入200mL水，再加入3g双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，室温搅拌24h，静置后取下层液体；
2、将5mL步骤1收集的下层液体，加入3g无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入5mL柠檬烯、0.01g偶氮二异丁腈和5mL DMF，制得整理液；
3、将1g棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干，在30mL步骤2制备的整理液中二浸二轧，浸渍时间为10min，浸轧辊温度为80℃，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物。
实施例3
1、将4g 1-乙烯基咪唑和41g 2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪加入200mL乙腈中，室温搅拌反应72h，加入80mL水，再加入8g双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，室温搅拌12h，静置后取下层液体；
2、将5mL步骤1收集的下层液体，加入5g无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入2mL松柏烯、0.02g偶氮二异丁腈和13mL DMF，制得整理液；
3、将1g棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干，在50mL步骤2制备的整理液中二浸二轧，浸渍时间为25min，浸轧辊温度为60℃，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物。
对比例1
1、将4g 1-乙烯基咪唑加入100mL乙腈中，室温搅拌加入100mL水，再加入5g双(三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺)银，室温搅拌20h，得溶液A；
2、将5mL步骤1的溶液A，加入4.8g无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入2.5mLβ-榄香烯、0.015g偶氮二异丁腈和8mL DMF，制得整理液；
3、将1g棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干，在43mL步骤2制备的整理液中二浸二轧，浸渍时间为15min，浸轧辊温度为65℃，水洗烘干制得棉织物。
水接触角测试及抗菌测试方法
对实施例1-3、对比例1制备的棉织物及原棉布进行静态接触角和抗菌性能测试，以铜绿假单胞菌作为测试菌结果如表1所示。
耐洗性：标准合成洗涤剂4g/L，浴比1:50，40℃洗涤10min；取出织物，冷水冲洗，晾干，为1次洗涤。重复上述方法n次，测试洗涤后织物的静态接触角和抗菌性能。
表1样品的接触角测试和抗菌性能
从表1可知，实施例1-3制备得到的棉织物具有良好的超疏水性能和抗菌性能，经10、20、30次洗涤后，其性能保持良好，说明该棉织物耐洗性较佳。而对比例1制备得到的棉织物没有超疏水性能和抗菌性能。
本发明提供了一种超疏水抗菌棉织物及其制备方法的思路及方法，具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (6)
1.一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1.将1-乙烯基咪唑和2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪加入乙腈中，室温搅拌反应48-72h，加入水，再加入双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺银，室温搅拌12-24h，静置后取下层液体；
S2.将步骤S1收集的下层液体，加入无水硫酸钠充分搅拌后过滤收集滤液，加入天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF，制得整理液；所述天然萜烯为柠檬烯、β-榄香烯和松柏烯中的一种；
S3.将预处理的棉织物在所述整理液中浸轧，水洗烘干制得超疏水抗菌棉织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中，所述1-乙烯基咪唑、2,4,6-三(4-(溴甲基)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、乙腈、水和双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺银的用量比例为4g:（22-41）g:（80-200）mL:（80-200）mL:（3-8）g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中，所述步骤S1收集的下层液体、无水硫酸钠、天然萜烯、偶氮二异丁腈和DMF的比例为5mL:（3-5）g:（2-5）mL:（0.01-0.02）g:（5-13）mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中，所述预处理具体为将棉织物用中性去污剂除去油脂和灰尘，水洗后晾干。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种超疏水抗菌棉织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中，所述浸轧采用二浸二轧，其中，浸渍的浴比为1:30-1:50，浸渍时间为10-25min，浸轧辊的温度为60-80℃。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的超疏水抗菌棉织物。
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