CN115353430A - Additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure and using method and application thereof - Google Patents
Additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure and using method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of heavy metal pollution, relates to environment-friendly treatment of livestock and poultry manure, and particularly relates to an additive for passivating heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure as well as a using method and application thereof. According to the application, by utilizing a response surface regression design, the combination of 3% of zeolite powder, 1% of sodium humate and 6.8% of attapulgite has a good heavy metal passivation effect, so that the composite physical adsorbent is obtained, and the passivation rates of Fe and Zn reach 23.94% and 36.38% respectively. The combination of candida utilis and a composite physical adsorbent shows that 1.0 multiplied by 10 is added according to the dry matter quantity in the fermentation process of pig manure 6 The CFU/g and 8% composite physical adsorbent respectively achieves the passivation rates of 86.93%, 38.95% and 59.28% on Cu, fe and Zn, achieves the total passivation rate of 185.16%, and provides a novel additive for passivation of livestock and poultry feces heavy metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heavy metal pollution, relates to environment-friendly treatment of heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure, and particularly relates to an additive for passivating the heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure as well as a use method and application thereof.
Background
In order to improve the production performance and feed efficiency of livestock and poultry, a proper amount of trace heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc and the like are often added into the feed. As only about 30 percent of heavy metal elements added in the feed are absorbed and utilized by animals, most of the heavy metal elements are discharged along with excrement. The livestock and poultry manure is subjected to harmless treatment and then is used as an organic fertilizer to be returned to the field for utilization, and the method is the most economic and effective mode for recycling the livestock and poultry manure. In addition, heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc and the like are also necessary for the normal growth and development of plants, and the livestock and poultry manure contains a proper amount of heavy metals which do not affect the soil and crops. However, as the heavy metal elements cannot be decomposed, the concentrations of the heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc and the like in soil and water environments are too high due to long-term fertilization, so that seedlings grow slowly and grow badly, and the crop yield is influenced; meanwhile, heavy metal elements such as copper and zinc which are excessively absorbed by crops can be deposited in grains and enter a human body through diet and drinking water, so that the content of the heavy metal elements in the human body is too high, and the health of human beings is influenced. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to control the appropriate content of heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese and zinc in the soil.
In order to reduce the adverse effect of heavy metal accumulation on water areas, farmland soil and crops in the process of returning livestock and poultry manure to the field, safely and reasonably apply organic fertilizer and reduce the risk of heavy metal pollution, the most effective method is to passivate heavy metal elements in the livestock and poultry manure, namely, the valence structure of the heavy metal elements is changed by a physical, chemical or biological method, so that an easily released ionic state is changed into an organic state which is difficult to release or slowly released, and the harm of the heavy metal elements to the environment is reduced. The physical method mainly depends on the adsorption function of physical adsorbents such as sodium humate, attapulgite, zeolite powder and the like to prevent the heavy metal elements in an ionic state from being released into the environment, and the method has the problems of weak adsorption force and desorption; the chemical method is characterized in that other chemical substances are added, and heavy metal elements are changed into an organic state which is difficult to release from an ionic state through a chelation reaction, so that the method has the problems of environmental pollution, high cost and the like, and is difficult to popularize and apply in a large area; the biological method is a method utilizing microbial fermentation, changes heavy metal elements from an ionic state into an organic state which is difficult to release by relying on the adsorption and conversion functions of microorganisms, reduces the pollution of the heavy metal elements to the environment, but has the problems of few excellent microorganisms, unstable effect and the like.
In order to solve the problems, the research aims to highly passivate various heavy metal elements in the livestock and poultry manure by screening microorganisms with high passivation effect on the heavy metal elements and combining the microorganisms with a physical adsorbent, so that the pollution of the heavy metal elements to the environment is relieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure and a using method and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the additive for passivating the heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure comprises candida utilis and a composite physical adsorbent, wherein the composite physical adsorbent comprises sodium humate, zeolite powder and attapulgite.
Preferably, the Candida utilis is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, the preservation number is CGMCC 2.0615, and the use concentration is 0.1-10 × 10 6 CFU/g, the mass of the composite physical adsorbent is 4-12% of the mass of dry substances in the livestock and poultry manure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium humate, the zeolite powder and the attapulgite in the composite physical adsorbent is 27-28.
Preferably, the dry matters in the livestock and poultry manure are pig manure and crop straws.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the livestock and poultry manure to the crop straws is 4-6:1.
The application method of the additive comprises the following steps: mixing the livestock and poultry manure and the crop straws in proportion, adjusting the water content to obtain the mixture as the livestock and poultry manure, adding an additive, and fermenting to complete the passivation treatment of heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the livestock and poultry manure to the crop straws is 4-6:1; the water content is 58-62%.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃ and the fermentation time is 14 days.
The additive is applied to passivating heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the heavy metal is one or more of Cu, fe and Zn.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to reduce the pollution of heavy metal elements in livestock and poultry manure to the environment, the candida utilis with better comprehensive passivation rate of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) is obtained by taking a culture medium containing high-concentration heavy metals as a selective culture medium, but no passivation effect on copper (Cu) is generated. Test results of physical adsorbents such as sodium humate, attapulgite, zeolite powder and the like show that 15% of attapulgite has a relatively good comprehensive passivation effect on Cu, fe and Zn, but has no passivation effect on Mn. The combination of 3% of zeolite powder, 1% of sodium humate and 6.8% of attapulgite has good heavy metal passivation effect, so that the composite physical adsorbent is obtained, and the passivation rates of Fe and Zn reach 23.94% and 36.38% respectively.
2. The application discovers that 1.0 multiplied by 10 is added according to the dry matter quantity in the process of fermenting the pig manure by combining the candida utilis and the composite physical adsorbent 6 The CFU/g and 8 percent composite physical adsorbent respectively achieves the passivation rates of 86.93 percent, 38.95 percent and 59.28 percent on Cu, fe and Zn, the total passivation rate achieves 185.16 percent,
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the interaction of zeolite powder with sodium humate.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the interaction between zeolite powder and attapulgite.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the interaction of sodium humate with attapulgite.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Materials and methods
The method comprises the steps of sequentially screening microorganisms stored in a laboratory by using LB (tryptone 10g/L, yeast extract 5g/L and sodium chloride 10 g/L) culture media (tryptone 10g/L, yeast extract 5g/L and sodium chloride 10 g/L) containing high-concentration copper (50 mg/L), iron (500 mg/L), zinc (1000 mg/L) and manganese (200 mg/L), and finding that Candida utilis (CGMCC 2.0615) purchased from the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms has a good heavy metal passivation effect and is used for the next passivation test of heavy metal elements in livestock and poultry manure.
Determination of passivation rate of heavy metal elements: 1.00g of sample was weighed, 40mL of 0.11M acetic acid was added, and the mixture was shaken at 22. + -. 5 ℃ for 169h and centrifuged at 3000r/min for 20min. The content of heavy metal elements in the supernatant was determined by a flame atomic absorption instrument (Shenyang Huaguang 9601). The passivation rate of the heavy metal elements = (the content of the heavy metal elements in the supernatant before fermentation-the total amount of the heavy metal elements in the supernatant after fermentation)/the total amount of the heavy metal elements in the supernatant before fermentation x 100.
Example 1: microbiological screening of passivated heavy metals
According to the passivation test of heavy metal elements, the microorganisms stored in the research room are utilized to find that the candida utilis has good passivation effect on Fe, zn and Mn but has no passivation effect on Cu. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 inactivation ratio (%) of various heavy metal elements by Candida utilis
Note: "-" indicates no detection, the same applies below. The dosage of Candida utilis is 1.0 × 10 6 CFU/g. Control group: no microorganisms were inoculated.
Example 2: passivation effect of compatibility of various physical adsorbents on various heavy metal elements
In order to improve the passivation effect of the physical adsorbent on various heavy metal elements, the composite physical adsorbent having the adsorption effect on various heavy metal elements is prepared according to the response surface regression test design in tables 2 and 3. Taking fresh pig manure and crushed corn straws, uniformly mixing the fresh pig manure and the crushed corn straws according to the proportion of dry matter 5:1, and adjusting the water content to be 58-62%. Taking 1kg of mixed pig manure in a 2L beaker, adding physical adsorbents or bacterial liquids with different dosages according to the percentage of dry matters, uniformly mixing, and setting three times for each group. And then sealing with a preservative film to prevent excessive loss of water. And (5) sampling after standing and fermenting for 14 days, and determining the passivation rate of the heavy metal.
TABLE 2 Box-Behnke design factors and code levels
Table 3 response surface regression design for composite physical adsorbent preparation
TABLE 4 passivation rates (%) of different physical adsorbents for different heavy metals
Note: control group: no physical adsorbent was added.
Table 5 passivation rates (%)% of different physical adsorbent combinations for different heavy metals in response surface regression design
As can be seen from Table 4, sodium humate, attapulgite and zeolite powder with different addition amounts have certain passivation effects on Cu, fe and Zn, particularly 15% of attapulgite has better passivation effects on Cu, fe and Zn, but has no passivation effect on Mn. The values in table 5 were analyzed for optimal response surface optimization, predicting that the optimal composite physical adsorbent was zeolite powder 3%, sodium humate 1%, and attapulgite 6.8% (the composite physical adsorbent was prepared from zeolite powder 28%, sodium humate 9%, and attapulgite 63%). Under the optimal combination, the passivation rate of Fe reaches 23.94%, the passivation rate of Zn reaches 36.38%, and the passivation rate of Mn reaches 5.43%.
Example 3: passivation effect of compatibility of candida utilis and composite physical adsorbent on various heavy metal elements
After the optimal mixture ratio of the composite physical adsorbent is obtained, in order to further improve the passivation rate of various heavy metal elements, a compatibility test of the candida utilis and the composite physical adsorbent is carried out (see table 6). The test is divided into 10 groups, wherein 1 control group is set, each group is repeated for 3, fresh pig manure and crushed corn straws are mixed, and the water content is adjusted to be about 60%. 1kg of pig manure is put into a 2L beaker, different bacterial liquids and composite physical adsorbents are added according to the following table, and are uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is sealed by a preservative film to prevent excessive loss of water. Putting into an incubator, fermenting at 37 ℃ for 14 days, sampling, and selecting the combination with high heavy metal passivation rate.
TABLE 6 experimental design of combination of Candida utilis and composite physical adsorbent
Note: the composite physical adsorbent comprises the following components: 9 percent of sodium humate, 28 percent of zeolite powder and 63 percent of attapulgite are added according to the dry mass.
The results are shown in Table 7:
TABLE 7 influence of Candida utilis in combination with Complex physical adsorbents on the inactivation ratio of heavy metals (%)
Note: control group: no microorganisms were inoculated.
As can be seen from Table 7, 1.0X 10 6 The combination of the CFU/g candida utilis and the 8 percent composite physical adsorbent has the best comprehensive effect on the passivation of Cu, fe and Zn, and the total passivation rate reaches 185.16 percent. Thus, 1.0 × 10 6 The combination of the CFU/g candida utilis and the 8 percent composite physical adsorbent is popularized and applied as a livestock and poultry excrement heavy metal passivator.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The additive for passivating the heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure is characterized in that: comprises candida utilis and a compound physical adsorbent, wherein the compound physical adsorbent comprises sodium humate, zeolite powder and attapulgite.
2. The additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Candida utilis is purchased from the China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC 2.0615.
3. The additive for passivating heavy metals in animal wastes of livestock and poultry according to claim 2, wherein: the using concentration of the candida utilis is 0.1-10 multiplied by 10 6 CFU/g, the mass of the composite physical adsorbent is 4-12% of the mass of dry substances in the livestock and poultry manure.
4. The additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the sodium humate, the zeolite powder and the attapulgite in the composite physical adsorbent is 27-28.
5. The additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dry matter in the livestock and poultry manure is the livestock and poultry manure and the crop straw; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the crop straws is 4-6:1.
6. The method of using the additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the steps of: mixing the livestock and poultry manure and crop straws in proportion, adjusting the water content to obtain the livestock and poultry manure, adding an additive, and fermenting to complete the passivation treatment of heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the crop straws is 4-6:1; the water content is 58-62%.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃ and the fermentation time is 14 days.
9. Use of the additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the passivation of heavy metals in animal manure.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: the heavy metal is one or more of Cu, fe and Zn.
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101696136A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Passivating agent for reducing bioavailability of heavy metals in livestock waste compost and using method thereof |
| CN105130695A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Composite fertilizer for repairing cadmium-polluted soil, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105623670A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-06-01 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Heavy metal passivator and application thereof |
| CN105906404A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Heavy metal deactivator for chicken manure compost |
| CN106244481A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 河南普爱饲料股份有限公司 | A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation, its preparation method and application processed for farm animal excrement |
| CN107350281A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-11-17 | 中国环境科学研究院 | One kind is applied to northern farmland soil of sewage irrigation area passivator and its application process |
| CN107840721A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-27 | 福清市冠盛蔬菜种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of bio-organic fertilizer and its production method for reducing heavy metal content in soil |
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- 2022-08-26 CN CN202211034666.XA patent/CN115353430B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101696136A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Passivating agent for reducing bioavailability of heavy metals in livestock waste compost and using method thereof |
| CN105130695A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Composite fertilizer for repairing cadmium-polluted soil, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105623670A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-06-01 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Heavy metal passivator and application thereof |
| CN105906404A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Heavy metal deactivator for chicken manure compost |
| CN106244481A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 河南普爱饲料股份有限公司 | A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation, its preparation method and application processed for farm animal excrement |
| CN107350281A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-11-17 | 中国环境科学研究院 | One kind is applied to northern farmland soil of sewage irrigation area passivator and its application process |
| CN107840721A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-27 | 福清市冠盛蔬菜种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of bio-organic fertilizer and its production method for reducing heavy metal content in soil |
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