CN115353430B - Additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure, and use method and application thereof - Google Patents
Additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure, and use method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The application belongs to the field of heavy metal pollution, relates to environment-friendly treatment of livestock and poultry manure, and in particular relates to an additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure, and a use method and application thereof. The application utilizes the regression design of the response surface to find that the combination of 3 percent of zeolite powder, 1 percent of sodium humate and 6.8 percent of attapulgite has good heavy metal passivation effect, and the composite physical adsorbent is obtained, so that the passivation rates of Fe and Zn respectively reach 23.94 percent and 36.38 percent. The combination of candida utilis and the composite physical adsorbent shows that 1.0x10 is added according to the dry matter in the fermentation process of pig manure 6 The passivation rates of CFU/g and 8% of the composite physical adsorbent for Cu, fe and Zn reach 86.93%, 38.95% and 59.28%, respectively, the total passivation rate reaches 185.16%, and a novel additive is provided for passivating the heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of heavy metal pollution, relates to environment-friendly treatment of heavy metal in livestock and poultry manure, and in particular relates to an additive for passivating heavy metal in livestock and poultry manure, and a use method and application thereof.
Background
In order to improve the production performance and feed efficiency of livestock and poultry, a proper amount of trace heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc and the like are often added into the feed. Because only about 30% of heavy metal elements added in the feed are absorbed and utilized by animals, most of the heavy metal elements are discharged along with the excrement. After harmless treatment, the livestock and poultry manure is used as an organic fertilizer for returning to the field, and is the most economic and effective way for recycling the livestock and poultry manure. In addition, copper, iron, manganese, zinc and other heavy metal elements are also necessary for normal growth and development of plants, and the soil and crops cannot be affected by proper heavy metals contained in the livestock and poultry manure. However, as the heavy metal elements cannot be decomposed, the concentration of the heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc and the like in soil and water environment is too high due to long-term fertilization, seedlings grow slowly, the growth vigor is poor, and the crop yield is affected; meanwhile, heavy metal elements such as copper, zinc and the like which are excessively absorbed by crops can be deposited in grains and enter human bodies through diet and drinking water, so that the content of the heavy metal elements in the human bodies is too high, and the health of the human bodies is affected. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to control the proper content of heavy metal elements such as copper, iron, manganese and zinc in the soil.
In order to reduce adverse effects of heavy metal accumulation on water areas, farmland soil and crops in the livestock and poultry manure returning process, organic fertilizers are safely and reasonably applied, and the risk of heavy metal pollution is reduced, the most effective method is to passivate heavy metal elements in the livestock and poultry manure, namely, change the valence state structure of the heavy metal elements by using a physical, chemical or biological method, so that the easily released ionic state is changed into an organic state which is difficult to release or slowly release, thereby reducing the harm of the heavy metal elements to the environment. The physical method mainly relies on the adsorption function of physical adsorbents such as sodium humate, attapulgite, zeolite powder and the like to prevent the release of ionic heavy metal elements into the environment, and the method has the problems of weak adsorption force and desorption; the chemical method is to add other chemical substances, and the heavy metal elements are changed from ion state into organic state which is difficult to release through chelation reaction, so that the method has the problems of environmental pollution, high cost and the like, and is difficult to popularize and apply in a large area; the biological method is a method of utilizing microorganism fermentation, and the heavy metal elements are changed from ionic state into organic state which is difficult to release by virtue of the adsorption and conversion functions of microorganisms, so that the pollution of the heavy metal elements to the environment is reduced, but the problems of few excellent microorganisms, unstable effect and the like exist.
In order to solve the problems, the study is to screen microorganisms with high passivation effect on heavy metal elements and combine the microorganisms with physical adsorbents so as to achieve the purpose of high passivation on various heavy metal elements in livestock and poultry manure, thereby reducing the pollution of the heavy metal elements to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides an additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure, and a use method and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the application is realized as follows:
the additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure comprises candida utilis and a composite physical adsorbent, wherein the composite physical adsorbent comprises sodium humate, zeolite powder and attapulgite.
Preferably, the Candida utilis is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center with the collection number of CGMCC 2.0615 and the use concentration of 0.1-10 multiplied by 10 6 The mass of the CFU/g composite physical adsorbent is 4-12% of the mass of dry matters in the livestock and poultry manure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium humate, the zeolite powder and the attapulgite in the composite physical adsorbent is 27-28:9:61-63.
Preferably, the dry matters in the livestock and poultry manure are pig manure and crop straws.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the crop straw is 4-6:1.
The application method of the additive comprises the following steps: mixing livestock and poultry manure with crop straws in proportion, regulating the water content to obtain livestock and poultry manure, adding an additive, and fermenting to complete the passivation treatment of heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the crop straw is 4-6:1; the water content is 58% -62%.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃ and the fermentation time is 14 days.
The additive is applied to passivation of heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the heavy metal is one or more of Cu, fe and Zn.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to reduce the pollution of heavy metal elements in livestock and poultry manure to the environment, the application uses a culture medium containing high-concentration heavy metal as a selective culture medium to obtain candida utilis with better comprehensive passivation rate of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn), but has no passivation effect on copper (Cu). The test results of physical adsorbents such as sodium humate, attapulgite, zeolite powder and the like show that 15% of attapulgite has better comprehensive passivation effect on Cu, fe and Zn, but has no passivation effect on Mn. The combination of 3% of zeolite powder, 1% of sodium humate and 6.8% of attapulgite has good heavy metal passivation effect, and the composite physical adsorbent is obtained, so that the passivation rates of Fe and Zn reach 23.94% and 36.38% respectively.
2. The application discovers through the combination of candida utilis and the composite physical adsorbent that 1.0x10 is added according to the dry matter in the fermentation process of pig manure 6 The passivation rates of CFU/g and 8% of the composite physical adsorbent on Cu, fe and Zn reach 86.93%, 38.95% and 59.28%, the total passivation rate reaches 185.16%,
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the interaction of zeolite powder with sodium humate.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the interaction of zeolite powder with attapulgite.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the interaction of sodium humate with attapulgite.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Materials and methods
LB culture medium (tryptone 10g/L, yeast extract 5g/L, sodium chloride 10 g/L) containing high-concentration copper (50 mg/L), iron (500 mg/L), zinc (1000 mg/L) and manganese (200 mg/L) is used for screening microorganisms preserved in a laboratory in sequence, and Candida utilis (CGMCC 2.0615) purchased from the China general microbiological culture Collection center is found to have good heavy metal passivation effect and be used for the next passivation test of heavy metal elements in livestock and poultry feces.
Determination of the passivation rate of heavy metal elements: 1.00g of the sample is weighed, 40mL of 0.11M acetic acid is added, and the mixture is oscillated for 16h and centrifuged at 3000r/min for 20min at 22+ -5 ℃. And measuring the content of heavy metal elements in the supernatant by adopting a flame atomic absorber (Shenyang Huaguang 9601). Heavy metal element passivation = (heavy metal element content in supernatant before fermentation-total heavy metal element content in supernatant after fermentation)/total heavy metal element content in supernatant before fermentation = 100. Mu.m.
Example 1: microbial screening for passivating heavy metals
According to the passivation test of heavy metal elements, the candida utilis has good passivation effect on Fe, zn and Mn, but has no passivation effect on Cu by utilizing the microorganisms stored in the research laboratory. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 passivation Rate of Candida utilis for different heavy metal elements (%)
Note that: "-" indicates undetected, and the same applies. The dosage of candida utilis is 1.0x10 6 CFU/g. Control group: no microorganism was inoculated.
Example 2: passivation effect of multiple physical adsorbents on multiple heavy metal elements
In order to improve the passivation effect of the physical adsorbent on various heavy metal elements, the composite physical adsorbent with adsorption effect on various heavy metal elements is prepared according to the response surface regression test designs of tables 2 and 3. Fresh pig manure and crushed corn straw are taken and uniformly mixed according to the dry matter ratio of 5:1, and the water content is regulated to 58% -62%. Taking 1kg of mixed pig manure, adding physical adsorbent or bacterial liquid with different dosages according to the percentage of dry matters into a 2L beaker, uniformly mixing, and setting three repetitions in each group. And then sealing by using a preservative film to prevent excessive water loss. And (5) standing and fermenting for 14d, sampling, and measuring the passivation rate of heavy metals.
TABLE 2 Box-Behnke design factors and coding level
TABLE 3 response surface regression design for preparing composite physical adsorbents
TABLE 4 passivation Rate of different physical adsorbents for different heavy metal elements (%)
Note that: control group: no physical adsorbent was added.
TABLE 5 passivation Rate (%) of different combinations of physical adsorbents for different heavy metals in response surface regression design
As is clear from Table 4, sodium humate, attapulgite and zeolite powder with different addition amounts have certain passivation effect on Cu, fe and Zn, and particularly 15% of attapulgite has better passivation effect on Cu, fe and Zn, but has no passivation effect on Mn. The values in Table 5 were subjected to response surface optimization analysis, and it was predicted that the optimal composite physical adsorbent was zeolite powder 3%, sodium humate 1% and attapulgite 6.8% (composition of the prepared composite physical adsorbent was 28% zeolite powder, 9% sodium humate and 63% attapulgite). Under the optimal combination, the passivation rate of Fe reaches 23.94%, the passivation rate of Zn reaches 36.38%, and the passivation rate of Mn reaches 5.43%.
Example 3: passivation effect of candida utilis and composite physical adsorbent on various heavy metal elements
After obtaining the optimal proportion of the composite physical adsorbent, in order to further improve the passivation rate of various heavy metal elements, compatibility test of candida utilis and the composite physical adsorbent is carried out (see table 6). The test is divided into 10 groups, wherein 1 control group is provided, each group is repeated for 3 times, fresh pig manure and crushed corn straw are taken and mixed, and the water content is regulated to be about 60 percent. 1kg of pig manure is taken in a 2L beaker, different bacterial solutions and composite physical adsorbents are added according to the following table, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and then sealed by a preservative film to prevent excessive water loss. Placing into an incubator, fermenting at 37deg.C for 14d, sampling, and selecting the combination with high passivation rate of heavy metals.
TABLE 6 test design of candida utilis and composite physical adsorbent combinations
Note that: the composite physical adsorbent comprises the following components: 9% of sodium humate, 28% of zeolite powder and 63% of attapulgite are added according to dry matter.
The results are shown in Table 7:
TABLE 7 influence of the combination of candida utilis and composite physical adsorbent on the passivation Rate of heavy metals (%)
Note that: control group: no microorganism was inoculated.
As can be seen from Table 7, 1.0X10 6 The combination of CFU/g candida utilis and 8% of composite physical adsorbent has the best comprehensive effect on Cu, fe and Zn passivation, and the total passivation rate reaches 185.16%. Thus, 1.0X10 6 The CFU/g candida utilis and 8% composite physical adsorbent combination can be used as a livestock and poultry manure heavy metal passivator for popularization and application.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure is characterized in that: comprises candida utilis and a compound physical adsorbent, wherein the compound physical adsorbent comprises sodium humate, zeolite powder and attapulgite;
the candida utilis is purchased from the China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC 2.0615;
the use concentration of the candida utilis is 0.1-10 multiplied by 10 6 The mass of the CFU/g composite physical adsorbent is 4-12% of the mass of dry matters in the livestock and poultry manure.
2. The additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the sodium humate, the zeolite powder and the attapulgite in the composite physical adsorbent is 27-28:9:61-63.
3. The additive for passivating heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein: the dry matters in the livestock and poultry manure are livestock and poultry manure and crop straws; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the crop straw is 4-6:1.
4. A method of using the additive of any one of claims 1-3, characterized by the steps of: mixing livestock and poultry manure with crop straws in proportion, regulating the water content to obtain livestock and poultry manure, adding an additive, and fermenting to complete the passivation treatment of heavy metals in the livestock and poultry manure.
5. The method of use according to claim 4, wherein: the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the crop straws is 4-6:1; the water content is 58% -62%.
6. The method of use according to claim 5, wherein: the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃ and the fermentation time is 14 days.
7. Use of the additive according to any one of claims 1-3 for passivating heavy metals in livestock manure.
8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the heavy metal is one or more of Cu, fe and Zn.
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Citations (7)
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| CN101696136A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Passivating agent for reducing bioavailability of heavy metals in livestock waste compost and using method thereof |
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| CN105623670A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-06-01 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Heavy metal passivator and application thereof |
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| CN107350281A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-11-17 | 中国环境科学研究院 | One kind is applied to northern farmland soil of sewage irrigation area passivator and its application process |
| CN107840721A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-27 | 福清市冠盛蔬菜种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of bio-organic fertilizer and its production method for reducing heavy metal content in soil |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101696136A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Passivating agent for reducing bioavailability of heavy metals in livestock waste compost and using method thereof |
| CN105130695A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Composite fertilizer for repairing cadmium-polluted soil, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105623670A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-06-01 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Heavy metal passivator and application thereof |
| CN105906404A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Heavy metal deactivator for chicken manure compost |
| CN106244481A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 河南普爱饲料股份有限公司 | A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation, its preparation method and application processed for farm animal excrement |
| CN107350281A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-11-17 | 中国环境科学研究院 | One kind is applied to northern farmland soil of sewage irrigation area passivator and its application process |
| CN107840721A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-27 | 福清市冠盛蔬菜种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of bio-organic fertilizer and its production method for reducing heavy metal content in soil |
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