CN115305709A - 利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法 - Google Patents

利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法 Download PDF

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CN115305709A
CN115305709A CN202210961555.7A CN202210961555A CN115305709A CN 115305709 A CN115305709 A CN 115305709A CN 202210961555 A CN202210961555 A CN 202210961555A CN 115305709 A CN115305709 A CN 115305709A
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woven fabric
solution
antibacterial
ultraviolet light
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顾军
莫诗蕙
黄冠儒
陈凤珍
章高凯
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Guanhe Sanitary Products Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：S1:制备改性纤维溶液、改性碳纳米管溶液和抗菌高分子液；S2:将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中，进行预处理，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得抗菌高分子液，进行浸轧处理，烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。本发明利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，工艺过程环保简单可靠，实现聚丙烯无纺布的功能化、抗菌性。

Description

利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域，具体涉及一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法。
背景技术
无纺布又称不织布、针刺无纺布等，采用聚酯纤维、涤纶纤维等材质生产，经过针刺工艺制作而成，广泛应用于口罩、服装、填充材料等技术领域中。现有技术对聚丙烯无纺布的表面改性技术方法效果差，还可能会产生毒性大、抗菌性能不稳定的缺点。因此，亟需提供一种功能化改性聚丙烯无纺布的工艺。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其工艺过程环保简单可靠，实现聚丙烯无纺布的功能化、抗菌性。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液、改性碳纳米管溶液和抗菌高分子液；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中，进行预处理，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；
S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；
S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得抗菌高分子液，进行浸轧处理，烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。
优选地，步骤S1中所述改性纤维溶液的制备方法为：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中，60-80℃下搅拌4-6h，即得改性纤维溶液。
优选地，所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为60-80％，所述棉纤维和所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25。
优选地，步骤S1中所述改性碳纳米管溶液的制备方法为：将碳纳米管、质量分数40-50％的氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇混合，搅拌6-8h，即得改性碳纳米管溶液。
优选地，所述碳纳米管、氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇的重量份比为 1:20:2:2:10。
优选地，步骤S1中所述抗菌高分子液的制备方法为：将稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇，于30-40℃搅拌10-12h，即得抗菌高分子液。
优选地，所述稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇的重量份比为10:1:1:4。
优选地，所述稀土金属盐溶液由硝酸钇、氨基磺酸和质量分数为40-50％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比1:3:10的比例混合而成。
优选地，所述步骤S2将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中，进行预处理，具体为：将聚丙烯无纺布在紫外光照射下搅拌浸渍在改性纤维溶液中24-48h。
优选地，所述步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得抗菌高分子液，进行浸轧处理，具体为：将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在抗菌高分子液中4-8h，再于紫外光照射下进行浸轧处理。
优选地，所述紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW。
本发明无纺布于改性棉纤维溶液中浸渍，在紫外光照射下将UV能量转化成热能，使得棉纤维负载于无纺布表面的同时，也进一步提高了酸解后改性的棉纤维的柔软度和延展度，从而实现对无纺布的初步粗糙度改善，然后再将无纺布浸渍于改性碳纳米管溶液中，由于碳纳米管具有大的比表面积和孔隙率，可以负载硝酸银抗菌颗粒，另一方面碳纳米管上含有大量的官能团，例如羟基、羧基、羰基等，能够促进碳纳米管小分子与棉纤维大分子的吸附结合，由此使得无纺布表面形成链点式的纤维簇结构，另外，聚乙二醇长链负载的稀土金属盐和抗菌纳米粒子能够形成高分子链点式结构，通过浸渍于负载稀土金属盐和抗菌纳米离子的高分子溶液，配合紫外线的UV能量提供的热能，使得无纺布表面成功引入聚乙二醇长链，实现聚乙二醇长链与棉纤维的长链的高度交联，提高抗菌性能和表面机械性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。另，特别说明，本发明原料和设备均可从市售所得，不再一一列举。
实施例一：
一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中， 60℃下搅拌4h，即得改性纤维溶液，其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为60％，棉纤维和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25，另外，需要说明的是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的PH 值可以通过加入稀硫酸或者稀盐酸来进行调节；
制备改性碳纳米管溶液：将碳纳米管、质量分数40％的氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇混合，搅拌6h，即得改性碳纳米管溶液，其中，碳纳米管、氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇的重量份比为1:20:2:2:10；
制备抗菌高分子液：将稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇，于30℃搅拌10h，即得抗菌高分子液，其中稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇的重量份比为10:1:1:4，稀土金属盐溶液由硝酸钇、氨基磺酸和质量分数为40％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比1:3:10的比例混合而成；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布于紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW照射的条件下，浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中24h，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；
S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中24h，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；
S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在抗菌高分子液中4h，再于紫外光波长为 256nm，功率为5kW的照射条件下，进行浸轧处理，后取出无纺布，经清洗后于60℃下烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。
实施例二：
一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中， 80℃下搅拌6h，即得改性纤维溶液，其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为80％，棉纤维和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25，另外，需要说明的是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的PH 值可以通过加入稀硫酸或者稀盐酸来进行调节；
制备改性碳纳米管溶液：将碳纳米管、质量分数50％的氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇混合，搅拌8h，即得改性碳纳米管溶液，其中，碳纳米管、氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇的重量份比为1:20:2:2:10；
制备抗菌高分子液：将稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇，于40℃搅拌12h，即得抗菌高分子液，其中稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇的重量份比为10:1:1:4，稀土金属盐溶液由硝酸钇、氨基磺酸和质量分数为50％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比1:3:10的比例混合而成；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布于紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW照射的条件下，浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中48h，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；
S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中36h，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；
S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在抗菌高分子液中8h，再于紫外光波长为 256nm，功率为5kW的照射条件下，进行浸轧处理，后取出无纺布，经清洗后于80℃下烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。
实施例三：
一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中， 70℃下搅拌5h，即得改性纤维溶液，其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为70％，棉纤维和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25，另外，需要说明的是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的PH 值可以通过加入稀硫酸或者稀盐酸来进行调节；
制备改性碳纳米管溶液：将碳纳米管、质量分数45％的氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇混合，搅拌7h，即得改性碳纳米管溶液，其中，碳纳米管、氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇的重量份比为1:20:2:2:10；
制备抗菌高分子液：将稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇，于35℃搅拌11h，即得抗菌高分子液，其中稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇的重量份比为10:1:1:4，稀土金属盐溶液由硝酸钇、氨基磺酸和质量分数为45％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比1:3:10的比例混合而成；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布于紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW照射的条件下，浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中36h，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；
S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中30h，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；
S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在抗菌高分子液中4-8h，再于紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW的照射条件下，进行浸轧处理，后取出无纺布，经清洗后于60- 80℃下烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。
对比例1：
对比例1与实施例1的方法基本相同，不同的是，不用紫外线照射，具体为：
一种制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中， 60℃下搅拌4h，即得改性纤维溶液，其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为60％，棉纤维和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25，另外，需要说明的是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的PH 值可以通过加入稀硫酸或者稀盐酸来进行调节；
制备改性碳纳米管溶液：将碳纳米管、质量分数40％的氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇混合，搅拌6h，即得改性碳纳米管溶液，其中，碳纳米管、氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇的重量份比为1:20:2:2:10；
制备抗菌高分子液：将稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇，于30℃搅拌10h，即得抗菌高分子液，其中稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇的重量份比为10:1:1:4，稀土金属盐溶液由硝酸钇、氨基磺酸和质量分数为40％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比1:3:10的比例混合而成；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中24h，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；
S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中24h，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；
S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在抗菌高分子液中4h，再进行浸轧处理，后取出无纺布，经清洗后于60℃下烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。
对比例2：
对比例2与实施例1的方法基本相同，不同的是，不使用碳纳米管溶液和抗菌高分子液，具体为：
一种制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中， 60℃下搅拌4h，即得改性纤维溶液，其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为60％，棉纤维和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25，另外，需要说明的是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的PH 值可以通过加入稀硫酸或者稀盐酸来进行调节；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布于紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW照射的条件下，浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中24h，再进行浸轧处理，后取出无纺布，经清洗后于60℃下烘干，得防粘无纺布。
对实施例1-3和对比例1-2所得无纺布，剪取10块试样进行断裂强度、冲击韧性和抑菌率的测试，另分别取菌液500μL分散在每个试样上，置于37℃的培养箱中培养24h后取出，计算抑菌率。测试10次取平均值。
其中，试样为5cm×5cm的方形布片。
断裂强度和冲击韧性采用GB/T 24218.3-2010标准。
抑菌率采用GB/T 20944.2-2007标准。
结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0003793441770000061
从上表可以看出，实施例1-3的断裂强度、冲击韧性和抑菌率较对比例1-2均有所提高。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，包括下列步骤：
S1:制备改性纤维溶液、改性碳纳米管溶液和抗菌高分子液；
S2:将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中，进行预处理，得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布；
S3:将步骤S2所得粗糙化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性碳纳米管溶液中，进行吸附整理，得活化聚丙烯无纺布；
S4:将步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得抗菌高分子液，进行浸轧处理，烘干，得抗菌防粘无纺布。
2.如权利要求1所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述改性纤维溶液的制备方法为：将棉纤维加入到PH值为4-6的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中，60-80℃下搅拌4-6h，即得改性纤维溶液。
3.如权利要求2所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的质量分数为60-80%，所述棉纤维和所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液的重量份比为1:25。
4.如权利要求1所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述改性碳纳米管溶液的制备方法为：将碳纳米管、质量分数40-50%的氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇混合，搅拌6-8h，即得改性碳纳米管溶液。
5.如权利要求4所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，所述碳纳米管、氨水、硝酸银、正硅酸乙酯和甲醇的重量份比为1:20:2:2:10。
6.如权利要求1所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述抗菌高分子液的制备方法为：将稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇，于30-40℃搅拌10-12h，即得抗菌高分子液。
7.如权利要求6所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，所述稀土金属盐溶液、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铜和聚乙二醇的重量份比为10:1:1:4。
8.如权利要求7所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，所述稀土金属盐溶液由硝酸钇、氨基磺酸和质量分数为40-50%的硫酸溶液按照重量份比1:3:10的比例混合而成。
9.如权利要求1所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得的改性纤维溶液中，进行预处理，具体为：将聚丙烯无纺布在紫外光照射下搅拌浸渍在改性纤维溶液中24-48h，所述紫外光波长为256nm，功率为5kW。
10.如权利要求1所述的利用紫外光诱导改性制备抗菌防粘无纺布的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3所得活化聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在步骤S1所得抗菌高分子液，进行浸轧处理，具体为：将聚丙烯无纺布浸渍在抗菌高分子液中4-8h，再于紫外光照射下进行浸轧处理，所述紫外光波长为 256nm，功率为5kW。
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