CN115304568A - 6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3,1,0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法 - Google Patents
6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3,1,0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D307/93—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with a ring other than six-membered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B53/00—Asymmetric syntheses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种6‑叠氮亚甲基‑1‑芳基‑3‑氧杂双环[3，1，0]己‑2‑酮的不对称合成方法，以烯丙基叠氮芳基重氮酸酯混合物为原料，然后通过铜催化剂六氟磷酸四乙腈铜(I)和手性双噁唑啉配体(S，S)‑Ph‑BOX催化完成分子内不对称环化反应合成目标产物。因为烯丙基叠氮化合物在室温条件下容易发生σ‑[3，3]重排反应，所以原料是以混合物形式存在，该方法利用金属卡宾选择性的与中间双键发生环化反应合成目标产物，提高了烯丙基叠氮混合物的利用率。得到超过95％ee值的6‑叠氮亚甲基‑1‑芳基‑3‑氧杂双环[3，1，0]己‑2‑酮。产物中含有叠氮基团、环丙烷基可以继续衍生化生成其他化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机化合物的合成方法，特别涉及一种6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3- 氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法。
背景技术
环丙烷具有独特的物理性能和生物活性。在分子中引入单取代环丙烷、稠环环丙烷、螺环环丙烷、1，2-二取代和1，2，3-三取代手性环丙烷骨架能够明显提高化合物的成药性。在药物分子设计中具有广泛的应用，如环丙烷-NMDA(N-甲基-d-天冬氨酸)受体拮抗剂米那普仑(Levomilnacipran)是一种临床有效的抗抑郁药，用于治疗重度抑郁症。因此含有手性环丙烷类化合物的合成研究具有重要的意义。
米那普仑(Levomilnacipran)的制备通常是通过苯乙腈与手性环氧氯丙烷经过多步反应来合成1-苯基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮然后所获得。
目前，已有报道关于铑、铜、铁、钌等过渡金属催化重氮乙酸烯丙酯类的分子内不对称环化合成3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类化合物及其类似物，均可获得较优异的收率与对映选择性。这些方法通常在1位无取代-6位取代，1位芳基取代-6位无取代等产物中取代很好的结果，但是这些方法应用到1位芳基取代，6 位取代3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的时，只能取得中等作用的对映选择性。
现有技术中含有3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类合成方法有如下：
1、1位无取代，6位取代3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类合成方法
1)MichaelP.Doyle利用Rh2(5S-MEPY)4催化剂催化完成分子内高对映选择性环丙烷化。[Doyle，M.P.；Pieters，R.J.；Martin，S.F.；Austin，R.E.；Oalmann，C.J.； Muller，P.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1991，113，1423.]
2)Seiji Iwasa已经制备了含有Ru-C烯烃键的有机金属配合物 [Ru-Colefin(sp2)-Ru(II)-Pheox]，以高产率和高对映选择性(≥99/<1trans/cis，99％ trans ee)获得了相应的手性环丙烷。[H.Inoue，N.P.Thanh，I.Fujisawa，S.Iwasa， Org.Lett.2020，22，1475-1479.]
2、1位芳基取代，6位无取代3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类合成方法
1)周其林课题组通过使用手性铁配合物，螺环-双噁唑啉配体作为催化剂。铁催化芳基重氮酸酯化合物的不对称分子内环丙烷化反应，仅得到52％的产率和 6％的对映选择性。[J.-J.Shen，S.-F.Zhu，Y.Cai，H.Xu，X.-L.Xie and Q.-L.Zhou， Angew.Chem.，Int.Ed.，2014，53，13188-13191.]
2)MICHAEL P.DOYLE课题组报道了关于氮杂环丁酮羧酸铑可用于重氮乙酸烯丙酯的重氮分解及其随后的分子内环丙烷化，反应合成出含有手性3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类化合物。[M.P.Doyle，W.H.Hu and S.B.Davies，Org. Lett.2000，2，8，1145-1147.]
3、1位芳基取代，6位取代3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类合成方法
1)周其林课题组通过使用手性铁配合物，螺环-双噁唑啉配体作为催化剂。铁催化芳基重氮酸酯化合物的不对称分子内环丙烷化反应以高产率和优异的对映选择性。[J.-J.Shen，S.-F.Zhu，Y.Cai，H.Xu，X.-L.Xie and Q.-L.Zhou，Angew. Chem.，Int.Ed.，2014，53，13188-13191.]
2)MICHAEL P.DOYLE课题组报道了关于氮杂环丁酮羧酸铑可用于重氮乙酸烯丙酯的重氮分解及其随后的分子内环丙烷化，反应合成出含有手性3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类化合物。[M.P.Doyle，W.H.Hu and T.M.Weathers，Chirality， 2003，15，369.]
3)MICHAEL P.DOYLE课题组报道了关于用CuPF6/(S，S)-tBu-BOX催化重氮乙酸烯丙酯的重氮分解及其随后的分子内环丙烷化，反应合成出含有手性3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类化合物。[M.P.Doyle，W.H.Hu and T.M.Weathers， Chirality，2003，15，369.]
在上述合成环丙烷的反应中，在1位无取代-6位取代，和1位芳基取代-6 位无取代等两类3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮产物都有很好的合成方法，并且取得了比较高的对映选择性。但是在合成1位芳基取代，6位取代3-氧杂双环[3，1，0] 己-2-酮类中，铁、铑和其他金属的催化体系都不能获得高的对映选择性，特别是金属铜和手性BOX配体只有28-63％的对映选择性。因此本发明发现了一种 6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，可以获得超过95％ee值的对映选择性。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是提供一种手性6-叠氮亚甲基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0] 己-2-酮的不对称合成方法。
技术方案：本发明所述的6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，包括：
(1)以1，4-丁烯二醇为原料，与叠氮磷酸二苯酯反应，得羟基烯丙基叠氮；
(2)羟基烯丙基叠氮与芳基乙酸缩合反应生成烯丙基叠氮芳基酸酯；
(3)烯丙基叠氮芳基酸酯在碱性条件下与对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮反应生成烯丙基叠氮芳基重氮酸酯；
(4)烯丙基叠氮芳基重氮酸酯在铜催化剂和手性双噁唑啉配体作用下，发生分子内不对称环化反应生成高对映选择性的6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环 [3，1，0]己-2-酮。
进一步地，
以1，4-丁烯二醇作为起始原料，首先在DBU条件下与DPPA发生亲核取代，得到羟基烯丙基叠氮(化合物1)；
羟基烯丙基叠氮和芳基乙酸发生缩合反应，得烯丙基叠氮芳基乙酸酯(化合物2)；
烯丙基叠氮芳基乙酸酯在DBU条件下与对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮反应，生成烯丙基叠氮重氮芳基乙酸酯(化合物3)；
烯丙基叠氮重氮芳基乙酸酯在铜催化剂CuPF6(MeCN)4、手性双噁唑啉配体 (S，S)-Ph-Box、和添加剂NaBArF作用下，在反应溶剂氯仿中在20℃下反应。反应完全后经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(化合物4)。
具体包括以下步骤：
步骤一)以1，4-丁烯二醇为起始原料，加入DBU和DPPA，在四氢呋喃溶剂中，室温反应，得到化合物1，反应式如下：
步骤二)化合物1与芳基乙酸发生缩合反应，生成化合物2，反应式如下：
步骤三)化合物2在DBU与对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮反应生成化合物3，反应式如下：
步骤四)化合物3在铜催化剂CuPF6(MeCN)4、手性双噁唑啉配体(S，S)-Ph-Box、和添加剂NaBArF作用下，在反应溶剂氯仿中在反应温度20℃下反应生成6-叠氮亚甲基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮，反应式如下：
进一步地，所述Ar为各种官能团取代的苯基。
进一步地，铜催化剂选自三氟甲磺酸铜(Cu(OTf)2)、乙酰丙酮铜(Cu(acac)2)、氯化亚铜(CuCl)、碘化亚铜(CuI)、六氟磷酸四乙腈铜(I)(CuPF6(MeCN)4)、溴化亚铜(CuBr)等其中一种，优选六氟磷酸四乙腈铜(I)。
进一步地，手性双噁唑啉配体选自(S，S)-(-)-2，2′-异亚丙基双(4-叔丁基-2-噁唑啉)、(S，S)-2，2′-异丙亚基双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)、[(3AR，3′AR，8AS，8′AS)-2，2′-异丙叉双[3A，8A-二氢-8H-茚并[1，2-D]恶唑]]、(3aS，3a′S，8aR，8a′R)-2，2′-(环丙烷-1，1-二基)双(8，8a-二氢-3aH-茚并[1，2-d]恶唑)、(4S，4′S)-2，2′-异丙亚基双(4-苄基-2-噁唑啉)、(4S，4′S)-2，2′-(丙烷-2，2-二基)双(4-异丙基-4，5-二氢恶唑)，优选(S，S)-2，2′-异丙亚基双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)。
进一步地，反应溶剂为二氯甲烷(DCM)、甲苯(toluene)、乙腈(MeCN)、1，2- 二氯乙烷(DCE)、乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)、碳酸二甲酯((MeO)2CO)、氯仿(CHCl3)中的任意一种，优选氯仿。
进一步地，反应温度分别为70℃、20℃、0℃中任意一个，优选20℃。
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优势：
(1)本发明方法普适性较广，具有良好的官能团耐受性，并且叠氮基团可以进一步衍生化为其他含氮官能团如氨基、唑类化合物。
(2)本方法易操作，催化量的催化剂催化底物发生分子内反应可获得较高对映选择性(95％ee)的1-苯基6-叠氮亚甲基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类化合物，大大突破了之前6位取代1-苯基-3-氧杂双环[3.1.0]己-2-酮类化合物对映选择性较低的结果。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中产物6-叠氮亚甲基-1-(4-溴苯基)-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的X射线晶体衍射图；
图2是本发明实施例中产物6-叠氮亚甲基-1-(3，4-二氯苯基)-3-氧杂双环 [3，1，0]己-2-酮的X射线晶体衍射图；
图3是本发明的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明利用铜催化剂六氟磷酸四乙腈铜(I)与手性双噁唑啉配体(S，S)-Ph-Box催化体系，在室温条件下，可以高效合成高对映选择性(95％ee)的6-叠氮亚甲基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮类化合物，所得产物含有叠氮基团、环丙烷基，可以继续衍生化生成更多有机小分子中间体。
通用步骤A：合成羟基烯丙基叠氮类化合物。其操作工艺流程如下：
称取1，4-丁烯二醇(10.0g，113mmol)和叠氮磷酸二苯酯(31.2g，113mmol)依次加入到四氢呋喃(200mL)溶液的反应烧瓶中，然后置于冰水浴中，将DBU (17.3g，113mmol)缓慢加入烧瓶，反应室温下搅拌过夜。反应完全后，经柱层析分离纯化(20％PE/EtOAc)得到无色油状物，产率为30％。
本步骤反应式如下：
通用步骤B：合成烯丙基叠氮芳基酸酯类化合物。操作工艺流程如下：
将羟基烯丙基叠氮(1.0equiv)和二环己基碳二亚胺(0.92equiv)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.042equiv)溶解于二氯甲烷中。反应混合溶液室温搅拌30分钟，在冰浴下缓慢加入芳基乙酸(0.83equiv)。室温反应3小时，经TLC监测反应完全后，将反应液减压浓缩，柱层析分离纯化，得到一系列芳基乙酸酯类化合物。
本步骤反应式如下：
通用步骤C：合成烯丙基叠氮芳基重氮酸酯类化合物。操作工艺流程如下：
取100ml的圆底烧瓶，将芳基乙酸酯(1.0equiv)溶解于乙腈中，然后将DBU(1.5equiv)缓慢加入，搅拌30分钟，最后将对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮(1.5equiv) 加入反应液。室温反应过夜，经TLC监测反应完全后，将反应液减压浓缩，柱层析分离纯化，得到一系列芳基重氮酸酯类化合物。
本步骤反应式如下：
通用步骤D：合成烯丙基叠氮芳基酸酯类化合物。操作工艺流程如下：
取干燥的封管，在氩气保护状态下，分别加入铜催化剂CuPF6(MeCN)4(5 mmol％)、手性双噁唑啉配体(S，S)-Ph-Box-Ph-Box(6mmol％)、NaBArF(6 mmol％)，再加入CHCl3(1ml)，室温搅拌1小时，此时催化剂全部溶解并且溶液呈澄清透明状态。将烯丙基叠氮重氮酸酯化合物(1equiv)溶于CHCl3(2ml)中，在室温下用微量进样泵缓慢滴加到封管中，保持进样30分钟。室温搅拌反应2小时，经TLC监测反应完全后，经柱层析分离纯化，得到6-叠氮亚甲基-3-氧杂双环[3.1.0] 己-2-酮类化合物
本步骤反应式如下：
1H NMR and13C NMR
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-ol(1-a)，(Z)-4-azidobut-2-en-1-ol(1-b)，2-azidobut-3-en- 1-ol(1-c).Colorless oil，32％yield，48∶4∶48ratio.Azide1-a∶1H NMR(400MHz， CDCl3)δ5.88-5.96(m，1H)，5.73-5.80(m，1H)，4.19(d，J＝6.4Hz，2H)，3.79(d，J＝ 6.4Hz，2H)，2.28(br，1H)；13C NMR(101MHz，CDCl3)δ134.4，124.1，62.5，52.2. Azide1-b：1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3)δ5.89(dt，J＝15.4，5.1Hz，1H)，5.66-5.54 (m，1H)，4.23(d，J＝6.8Hz，2H)，3.87(d，J＝6.8Hz，2H)，2.12(br，1H)；13C NMR (101MHz，CDCl3)δ132.0，120.2，66.4，64.6.Azide1-c：1H NMR(400MHz，CDCl3) δ5.73-5.80(m，1H)，5.36-5.43(m，2H)，4.03-4.07(m，1H)，3.63-3.67(m，1H)， 3.53-3.57(m，1H)，2.54(br，1H)；13C NMR(101MHz，CDCl3)δ132.0，120.2，64.6， 66.4.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl-2-phenylacetate(2a-a),(Z)-4-azidobut-2-en-1-yl-2-pheny -l-acetate(2a-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl-2-phenylacetate(2a-c).Colorless oil,80％ yield,62:5:33 ratio.Rf＝0.50(13％EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/zcalculated for C12H13N3O2Na([M+Na]+):254.0900,Found:254.0903.Azide2a-a:1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38–7.22(m,5H),5.84(dt,J＝15.5,5.6Hz,1H),5.80–5.68(m, 1H),4.62(dd,J＝5.5,1.2Hz,2H),3.76(d,J＝5.9Hz,2H),3.66(s,2H)；13C NMR (101MHz,CDCl3)δ171.10,133.80,129.25,128.67,128.59,127.33,127.16,64.00, 51.92,41.26.Azide2a-b(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.66 (dd,J＝6.8,1.2Hz,2H),3.85(d,J＝7.1Hz,2H),3.65(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz, CDCl3)δ171.18,133.73,128.34,127.60,59.87,47.22,41.22.Azide2a-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.76–5.66(m,1H),5.36(dt,J＝15.0,1.0 Hz,1H),5.34(dt,J＝8.1,1.1Hz,1H),4.19(dd,J＝10.4,4.0Hz,1H),4.18–4.12(m, 1H),4.06(dd,J＝10.4,7.0Hz,1H),3.68(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ 171.08,133.54,131.43,129.29,128.59,127.21,120.28,65.88,62.53,41.10.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl-2-(2-chlorophenyl)acetate(2b-a),(Z)-4-azidobut-2-en- 1-yl-2-(2-chlorophenyl)acetate(2b-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl-2-(2-chloropheny-l) acetate(2b-c).Colorless oil,70％yield,64:5:31 ratio.Rf＝0.50(15％EtOAc/PE)； HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H12ClN3O2Na([M+Na]+):288.0510,Found: 288.0515.Azide 2b-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.40–7.32(m,1H),7.31–7.22 (m,1H),7.21(dd,J＝5.9,3.5Hz,2H),5.84(dt,J＝15.4,5.4Hz,1H),5.80–5.69(m,1H),4.63(dd,J＝5.4Hz,2H),3.79(s,2H),3.75(d,J＝5.5Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101 MHz,CDCl3)δ170.11,134.51,132.20,131.49,129.49,128.79,128.54,127.35, 126.95,64.16,51.91,39.04.Azide 2b-b(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz, CDCl3)δ4.67(d,J＝7.4Hz,2H),3.84(d,J＝7.2Hz,2H),3.77(s,2H)；13C NMR (101MHz,CDCl3)δ132.16,128.82,128.20,127.64,60.05,47.22,23.85.Azide 2b-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.67(dd,J＝10.3,6.8Hz, 1H),5.38–5.30(m,2H),4.20(dd,J＝10.5,4.0Hz,1H),4.16–4.11(m,1H),4.07 (dd,J＝10.5,7.1Hz,1H),3.80(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ170.09,131.98, 131.54,131.40,128.86,128.54,126.97,120.30,65.84,62.50,38.90.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl-2-(4-bromophenyl)acetate(2c-a),(Z)-4-azidobut-2-en1- yl-2-(4-bromophenyl)acetate(2c-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl-2-(4-bromophenyl) acetate(2c-c).Colorless oil,77％yield,63:5:32 ratio.Rf＝0.60(15％EtOAc/PE)； HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H12BrN3O2Na([M+Na]+):332.0005,Found: 332.0010.Azide 2c-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39(d,J＝8.4Hz,2H),7.11(d, J＝8.4Hz,2H),5.79(dt,J＝15.7,5.5Hz,1H),5.77–5.66(m,1H),4.56(d,J＝4.9 Hz,2H),3.71(d,J＝5.9Hz,2H),3.55(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ170.44, 132.87,131.62,131.07,128.47,127.58,121.13,64.16,51.82,40.47.Azide 2c-b(diagnostic peaksonly):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.61(d,J＝6.9Hz,2H), 3.81(d,J＝7.1Hz,2H),3.54(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ131.44,131.21, 128.24,127.69,59.94,47.15.Azide 2c-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz, CDCl3)δ5.70–5.59(m,1H),5.34–5.27(m,2H),4.18–4.09(m,1H),4.09(d,J＝ 10.9Hz,1H),4.02(dd,J＝10.1,6.5Hz,1H),3.57(s,2H)；13CNMR(101MHz, CDCl3)δ170.41,132.62,131.40,131.10,121.20,120.27,65.76,62.44,40.32.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(2d-a),(Z)-4-azidobut-2- en1-yl2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(2d-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl2-(4-methoxy-ph- enyl)acetate(2d-c).Colorless oil,75％yield,37:41:22 ratio.Rf＝0.50(15％EtOAc/PE)； HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C13H15N3O3Na([M+Na]+):284.1006,Found: 284.1012.Azide2d-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.21–7.15(m,2H),6.85(dd,J ＝8.7,1.5Hz,2H),5.86–5.77(m,1H),5.76–5.68(m,1H),4.59(dd,J＝5.5Hz, 2H),3.75(s,3H),3.73(d,J＝8.1Hz,2H),3.57(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3) δ171.36,158.75,130.28,128.73,128.42,125.59,113.99,59.79,55.15,47.19, 40.24.Azide2d-b(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.63(d,J＝ 6.7Hz,2H),3.83(d,J＝7.0Hz,2H),3.56(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3) δ130.29,127.52,127.26,125.82,113.99,62.54,55.15,51.88, 40.28.Azide2d-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.70–5.62 (m,1H),5.34(m,2H),4.18–4.14(m,1H),4.13–4.09(m,1H),4.04(dd,J＝10.2, 6.6Hz,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.58(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ171.47,158.79, 131.51,130.34,125.64,120.16,65.61,63.93,55.15,40.11.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetate(2e-a),(Z)-4-azidobut-2- en-1-yl2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetate(2e-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl2-(3,4-dic-hlo- rophenyl)acetate(2e-c).Colorless oil,80％yield,58:23:19 ratio.Rf＝0.50(15％ EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H11Cl2N3O2Na([M+Na]+):322.0121,Found:322.0124.Azide2e-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35(d,J＝7.8 Hz,2H),7.09(d,J＝8.2Hz,1H),5.86–5.77(m,1H),5.77–5.69(m,1H),4.59(dd, J＝4.8Hz,2H),3.75(d,J＝5.6Hz,2H),3.57(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ 170.14,133.82,132.45,131.28,130.45,128.79,128.28,127.87,64.39,51.85,40.11. Azide2e-b(diagnosticpeaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.64(d,J＝6.8Hz, 2H),3.85(d,J＝7.0Hz,2H),3.56(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ170.09, 133.75,132.48,131.31,128.81,60.07,47.14,40.07.Azide2e-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.69–5.62(m,1H),5.36(d,J＝13.6Hz,1H), 5.32(d,J＝7.9Hz,1H),4.19–4.14(m,1H),4.14–4.08(m,1H),4.07–4.02(m, 1H),3.59(s,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ170.23,133.56,131.43,131.35,131.22,128.08,120.54,65.90,62.45,39.97.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-diazo-2-phenylacetate(3a-a),(Z)-4-azidobut-2-en-1-yl 2-diazo-2-phenylacetate(3a-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl2-diazo-2-phenylacetate(3a-c). Yellow oil,84％yield,70:6:24 ratio.Rf＝0.30(8％EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H11N5O2Na([M+Na]+):280.0805,Found:280.0805.Azide 3a-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.47(d,J＝8.5Hz,2H),7.38(t,J＝8.0Hz,2H),7.18(t,J ＝7.4Hz,1H),5.93(dt,J＝15.5,5.6Hz,1H),5.84(dt,J＝15.4,5.8Hz,1H),4.80(dd, J＝5.5,1.1Hz,2H),3.82(d,J＝5.9Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ164.61,131.42,128.93,128.69,127.57,125.88,123.94,64.02,51.90.Azide 3a-b(diagnosticpeaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.84(d,J＝5.8Hz,2H),3.95(d,J＝7.1 Hz,2H).Azide3a-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.82–5.71 (m,1H),5.44(d,J＝17.1Hz,1H),5.40(d,J＝10.3Hz,1H),4.38(q,J＝7.9Hz,1H), 4.28–4.18(m,2H)；13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ164.46,128.95,125.97,125.31, 120.37,65.69,62.68.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-diazoacetate(3b-a),(Z)-4-azidobut 2-en-1-yl2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-diazoacetate(3b-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl-2(2-chlo- rop-henyl)-2-diazoacetate(3b-c).Yellow oil,92％yield,68:5:27ratio.Rf＝0.50(8％ EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H10ClN5O2Na([M+Na]+):314.0415,Found:314.0441.Azide 3b-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.53(dd,J＝ 7.6,1.9Hz,1H),7.41(dd,J＝7.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.35–7.21(m,2H),5.90(dt,J＝15.6, 5.6Hz,1H),5.81(dt,J＝15.5,6.0Hz,1H),4.76(dd,J＝5.5,1.2Hz,2H),3.79(d,J ＝6.2Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ165.08,133.74,132.26,131.36,130.05, 129.69,128.60,127.54,127.16,123.69,64.35,51.91.Azide 3b-b(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.80(d,J＝7.0Hz,2H),3.91(d,J＝7.1 Hz,2H).Azide 3b-c(diagnostic peaksonly):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.78–5.67 (m,1H),5.41(d,J＝17.4Hz,1H),5.37(d,J＝10.5Hz,1H),4.39–4.28(m,1H), 4.26–4.14(m,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ133.79,132.32,131.36,129.79, 127.19,123.49,120.41,66.04,62.69.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-diazoacetate(3c-a),(Z)-4-azidob- ut-2-en-1-yl2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-diazoacetate(3c-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl2-(4- bromophenyl)-2-diazoacetate(3c-c).Yellow oil,84％yield,72:5:23ratio.Rf＝0.40(8％ EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H10BrN5O2Na([M+Na]+):357.9910,Found:357.9919.Azide 3c-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.48(d,J＝8.8 Hz,2H),7.34(d,J＝8.7Hz,2H),5.91(dt,J＝15.5,5.5Hz,1H),5.83(dt,J＝15.4, 5.7Hz,1H),4.78(dd,J＝5.5,1.1Hz,2H),3.81(d,J＝5.7Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101 MHz,CDCl3)δ164.09,131.90,131.33,128.44,127.73,125.12,124.56,120.40, 64.17,51.84.Azide 3c-b(diagnosticpeaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.82 (dd,J＝6.9,1.2Hz,2H),3.93(d,J＝7.1Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ 127.88,124.72,124.50,59.87,47.19.Azide 3c-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR (400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.81–5.69(m,1H),5.43(d,J＝16.4Hz,1H),5.39(d,J＝11.1 Hz,1H),4.36(q,J＝7.8Hz,2H),4.27–4.16(m,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ 163.89,128.27,124.36,119.23,65.81,62.55.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-diazo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(3d-a),(Z)-4-azid- obut-2-en-1-yl2-diazo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(3d-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1-yl2-di azo-2(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(3d-c).Yellow oil,63％yield,45:32:23ratio. Rf＝0.50(15％EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C13H13N5O3Na([M+Na]+):310.0911,Found:310.0908.Azide3d-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.36(d,J＝8.9 Hz,2H),6.93(d,J＝8.8Hz,2H),5.95–5.86(m,1H),5.86–5.76(m,1H),4.77(d,J ＝5.4Hz,2H),3.80(d,2H),3.78(s,3H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ165.22, 158.13,128.80,127.44,125.98,116.65,114.61,63.97,55.30,51.92. Azide3d-b(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.81(d,J＝7.0Hz, 2H),3.93(d,J＝7.1Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ165.29,158.15,128.55, 127.65,116.59,59.71,51.92,47.24.Azide3d-c(diagnosticpeaks only):1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ5.74–5.70(m,1H),5.42(d,J＝17.0Hz,1H),5.38(d,J＝10.4Hz, 1H),4.35(q,J＝7.4Hz,1H),4.21(d,J＝8.3Hz,2H),3.78(s,3H)；13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ165.08,158.20,131.42,120.36,116.44,65.68,62.71.
(E)-4-Azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-diazo-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetate(3e-a),(Z)-4- azidobut-2-en-1-yl2-diazo-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetate(3e-b),2-azidobut-3-en-1- yl 2-diazo-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetate(3e-c).Yellow oil,85％yield,54:28:18 ratio. Rf＝0.50(15％EtOAc/PE)；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated forC12H9Cl2N5O2Na ([M+Na]+):348.0026,Found:348.0026.Azide3e-a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.59 (s,1H),7.37(d,J＝8.6Hz,1H),7.22(d,J＝6.4Hz,1H),5.94–5.85(m,1H),5.84–5.74(m,1H),4.76(d,J＝5.4Hz,2H),3.80(d,J＝5.5Hz,2H)；13C NMR(101MHz, CDCl3)δ163.80,133.15,130.61,128.27,128.11,128.01,125.88,125.13,122.24, 64.34,51.86.Azide3e-b(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.81(d, J＝6.9Hz,2H),3.92(d,J＝7.1Hz,2H).Azide3e-c(diagnostic peaks only):1H NMR (400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.75–5.70(m,1H),5.41(m,2H),4.39–4.28(m,1H),4.20(dd, J＝9.8,6.2Hz,2H).Azides3e-b and 3e-c(diagnostic peaks only):13C NMR(101 MHz,CDCl3)δ163.80,163.68,133.19,131.17,129.34,128.08,125.82,125.66, 122.54,120.63,65.91,62.60,59.98,47.19.
(1S,5R,6R)-6-(Azidomethyl)-1-phenyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one(4a).Colorless oil,67％yield；Rf＝0.3(EtOAc/PE＝1/5)；87％ee,HPLC analysis:IA(n-hexane/2-propanol＝96/4,1.0 mL/min,210 nm),t(major)22.6 min,t(minor)20.3min；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H11N3O2Na([M+Na]+):252.0743,Found: 252.0725；1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.47–7.39(m,2H),7.43–7.31(m,3H), 4.44(dd,J＝9.4,4.6Hz,1H),4.33(d,J＝9.4Hz,1H),3.08(dd,J＝13.3,6.8Hz, 1H),2.95(dd,J＝13.4,7.1Hz,1H),2.62(t,J＝4.2Hz,1H),1.74(td,J＝7.0,4.0Hz, 1H),13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ174.67,129.97,129.53,128.72,128.52,67.86, 49.51,36.19,28.92,25.90.
(1S,5R,6R)-6-(Azidomethyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one(4b).Colo rless oil,56％yield；Rf＝0.3(EtOAc/PE＝1/5)；95％ee,HPLCanalysis:IA (n-hexane/2-propanol＝97/3,1.0 mL/min,204 nm),t(major)24.8 min,t(minor)22.4 min；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H10ClN3O2Na([M+Na]+):286.0354,Found: 286.0339.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50–7.41(m,2H),7.32(dd,J＝5.6,3.8 Hz,2H),4.69(ddd,J＝5.5,3.3,1.3Hz,1H),4.51(s,1H),4.37(s,1H),3.81–3.72 (m,1H),2.59(d,J＝12.3Hz,1H),2.01–1.94(m,1H),13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3) δ172.76,131.74,130.63,129.95,129.85,128.75,127.19,65.16,51.78,49.33,28.70, 27.22.
(1S,5R,6R)-6-(Azidomethyl)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one (4c).White solid,50％yield；Rf＝0.3(20％EtOAc/PE)；89％ee,HPLCanalysis:IA (n-hexane/2-propanol＝97/3,1.0 mL/min,204 nm),t(major)37.8 min,t(minor)34.1 min；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H10BrN3O2Na([M+Na]+):329.9848,Found: 329.9835.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.55–7.49(m,2H),7.36–7.28(m,2H), 4.47(dd,J＝9.4,4.6Hz,1H),4.40–4.33(m,1H),3.08(dd,J＝13.4,7.0Hz,1H), 3.00(dd,J＝13.4,6.9Hz,1H),2.62(t,J＝4.2Hz,1H),1.77(td,J＝7.0,4.0Hz,1H). 13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ174.11,131.93,131.60,128.52,122.86,67.78,49.34, 35.73,28.98,25.88.
(1S,5R,6R)-6-(Azidomethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one(4d).C olorless oil,44％yield；Rf＝0.2(EtOAc/PE＝1/5)；95％ee,HPLCanalysis:IA (n-hexane/2-propanol＝96/4,1.0 mL/min,210 nm),t(major)34.4 min,t(minor)28.5 min；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C13H13N3O3Na([M+Na]+):282.0849,Found: 282.0835.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.34(d,J＝8.9Hz,2H),6.90(d,J＝8.9Hz, 2H),4.44(dd,J＝9.4,4.6Hz,1H),4.33(d,J＝9.4Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.09(dd,J ＝13.3,6.9Hz,1H),2.96(dd,J＝13.3,7.1Hz,1H),2.56(t,J＝4.2Hz,1H),1.71(td, J＝7.0,4.0Hz,1H),13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ174.98,159.70,131.13,121.32, 114.20,67.82,55.30,49.56,35.66,28.85,26.08.
(1S,5R,6R)-6-(Azidomethyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-on e(4e).White solid,54％yield；Rf＝0.2(20％EtOAc/PE)；92％ee,HPLCanalysis:IA (n-hexane/2-propanol＝95/5,1.0 mL/min,210 nm),t(major)20.6 min,t(minor)17.6 min；HRMS(ESI)m/z calculated for C12H9Cl2N3O2Na([M+Na]+):319.9964,Found: 319.9956.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.53(d,J＝2.1Hz,1H),7.47(d,J＝8.3Hz, 1H),7.33(dd,J＝8.3,2.1Hz,1H),4.48(dd,J＝9.5,4.6Hz,1H),4.39–4.35(m,1H), 3.08(dd,J＝7.0,1.0Hz,2H),2.63(t,J＝4.2Hz,1H),1.78(td,J＝7.0,4.0Hz, 1H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ173.72,133.03,132.87,131.78,130.73,129.75, 129.42,67.76,49.23,35.41,29.19,25.98.
(1S,5R)-1-Phenyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one.Colorless oil,40％yield；Rf＝0.2 (EtOAc/PE＝1/5)；13％ee,HPLC analysis:IA(n-hexane/2-propanol＝96/4,1.0 mL/min,210 nm),t(major)13.8 min,t(minor)12.8 min；1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.43(d,J＝6.8Hz,2H),7.35(t,J＝7.3Hz,2H),7.32–7.28(d,1H),4.45(dd,J＝ 9.2,4.7Hz,1H),4.27(d,J＝9.3Hz,1H),2.55(dt,J＝7.9,4.6Hz,1H),1.64(dd,J＝ 7.8,4.9Hz,1H),1.35(t,J＝4.8Hz,1H).
(1S,5R,6R)-6-Methyl-1-phenyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one.Colorlessoil,66％ yield；Rf＝0.2(EtOAc/PE＝1/5)；35％ee,HPLC analysis:IA (n-hexane/2-propanol＝96/4,1.0 mL/min,209 nm),t(major)13.5 min,t(minor)12.1 min；1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.41(dd,J＝8.3,1.6Hz,2H),7.36(t,J＝7.1Hz, 2H),7.32(d,J＝7.0Hz,1H),4.40(dd,J＝9.2,4.6Hz,1H),4.30(d,J＝9.1Hz,1H), 2.36(t,J＝4.4Hz,1H),1.51(qd,J＝6.2,4.2Hz,1H),0.87(d,J＝6.2Hz,3H).
Claims (7)
1.一种6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，步骤包括：
(1)以1，4-丁烯二醇为原料，与叠氮磷酸二苯酯反应，得羟基烯丙基叠氮；
(2)羟基烯丙基叠氮与芳基乙酸缩合反应生成烯丙基叠氮芳基酸酯；
(3)烯丙基叠氮芳基酸酯在碱性条件下与对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮反应生成烯丙基叠氮芳基重氮酸酯；
(4)烯丙基叠氮芳基重氮酸酯在铜催化剂和手性BOX配体作用下，发生分子内不对称环丙烷化反应生成具有光学纯度的6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮。
2.根据权利要求1所述6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)以1，4-丁烯二醇为起始原料，加入DBU和DPPA，在四氢呋喃溶剂中，室温反应，得到化合物1，反应式如下：
(2)化合物1与芳基乙酸发生缩合反应，生成化合物2，反应式如下：
(3)化合物2在DBU与对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮反应生成化合物3，反应式如下：
(4)化合物3在室温条件下在铜催化剂CuPF6(MeCN)4、手性双噁唑啉配体(S，S)-Ph-Box、和添加剂NaBArF作用下，在反应溶剂氯仿中在20℃下反应生成6-叠氮亚甲基-3-氧杂双环[3.1.0]己-2-酮，反应式如下：
其中，Ar为各种官能团取代的苯基。
3.根据权利要求2所述6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)的铜催化剂选自三氟甲磺酸铜(Cu(OTf)2)、乙酰丙酮铜(Cu(acac)2)、氯化亚铜(CuCl)、碘化亚铜(CuI)、六氟磷酸四乙腈铜(I)(CuPF6(MeCN)4)、溴化亚铜(CuBr)等其中一种，优选六氟磷酸四乙腈铜(I)。
4.根据权利要求2所述6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)的手性双噁唑啉配体选自(S，S)-(-)-2，2′-异亚丙基双(4-叔丁基-2-噁唑啉)、(S，S)-2，2′-异丙亚基双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)、[(3AR，3′AR，8AS，8′AS)-2，2′-异丙叉双[3A，8A-二氢-8H-茚并[1，2-D]恶唑]]、(3aS，3a′S，8aR，8a′R)-2，2′-(环丙烷-1，1-二基)双(8，8a-二氢-3aH-茚并[1，2-d]恶唑)、(4S，4′S)-2，2′-异丙亚基双(4-苄基-2-噁唑啉)或(4S，4′S)-2，2′-(丙烷-2，2-二基)双(4-异丙基-4，5-二氢恶唑)。
5.根据权利要求2所述6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)的反应溶剂为二氯甲烷(DCM)、甲苯(toluene)、乙腈(MeCN)、1，2-二氯乙烷(DCE)、乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)、碳酸二甲酯((MeO)2CO)或氯仿(CHCl3)中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求2所述6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)反应温度分别为70℃、20℃或0℃中任意一个。
7.根据权利要求2所述6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的不对称合成方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)从(S，S)手性双噁唑啉配体出发，6-叠氮亚甲基-1-芳基-3-氧杂双环[3，1，0]己-2-酮的绝对构型为(1S，5R，6R)。
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| CN109627231A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | 手性1,3-二氧杂环己烷类化合物的制备方法及应用 |
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